Description of sea buckthorn Jamova, planting and caring for it

Yield varieties

Varieties of sea buckthorn, which are characterized by high yields, appeared relatively recently. One such adult plant can give the gardener about 18 kilograms of berries, instead of the standard three.

Botanical

The variety is most common in commercial cultivation - with proper care, each adult tree can produce up to 20 kg of berries! At the same time, the fruits ripen large, red-orange in color, and are distinguished by their juiciness and excellent keeping quality.

Chuyskaya sea buckthorn forms a low, compact tree with round-shaped fruits that have a traditional sweet and sour taste. The berries ripen in summer, each plant will give you about 12 kg.

This variety is characterized by a medium-sized shrub, without thorns, with a whitish coating on the leaves. The culture produces bright orange fruits, tasty and juicy. Mass ripening of the crop occurs at the end of summer; the plants are resistant to frost and pest damage.

Description of the berry crop

For clarity, below are the most important information about the Jamovaya sea buckthorn variety with photos.

General idea of ​​the variety

Jemova bushes grow no more than 2.5 m, and the erect shoots do not have thorns - all this contributes to quick and safe harvesting. The dark green leaf blades are medium in size and slightly concave in the middle. The rounded crown of the bush is medium dense.

The Jamovaya variety is valued primarily for the excellent taste characteristics of the fruit - the sweet and sour berries received a tasting score of 4.4 points out of 5 possible. The variety belongs to large-fruited sea buckthorn: the weight of the berry is 0.8-0.9 g. The shape is oval, elongated. Due to the bright orange-red color of the Jamovaya berries, it looks very decorative during fruiting.

Further care

The timing of flowering and fruiting, as well as the abundance of the harvest, depend on the quality of care. When caring for a young plant, it is necessary to follow certain rules and take into account the characteristics of the variety. In addition, in order to maintain the health of the bush for many years, you need to know how to protect it from pests.

Care requirements:

• loosening and mulching;
• watering and fertilizing;
• pruning and shaping;
• preparation for winter.

We suggest that you familiarize yourself with information on how to transplant sea buckthorn to another place in the spring.

Loosening and mulching

In order for the soil to better allow moisture, fertilizers and oxygen to pass through, it must be periodically loosened and growing weeds removed.

It is important to remember that the root collar of sea buckthorn is on the surface of the earth. You need to loosen the soil carefully so as not to damage it.

The procedure allows you to remove the top layer of soil, which over time becomes covered with a salt crust.

Mulching is necessary in order to retain moisture in the soil and retain heat. Organic materials such as fallen leaves, shredded bark and sawdust can be used as mulch. Apply in a layer of 5–8 cm.

Watering and fertilizing

Sea buckthorn is extremely unpretentious to the level of moisture in the soil. Shrubs are watered only in the hot and dry season - in summer. During this period, the plant must be moistened in the morning and evening, pouring 12 liters of water under each bush. The roots of the planted plant grow widely, so applying fertilizers will not bring any effect. Only cuttings should be fed during the formation of the root system.

Trimming and shaping

Pruning must be carried out to maintain a decorative shape, as well as for preventive purposes. The shoots are trimmed according to the following scheme:

1. Within five years after planting, crookedly growing shoots are cut off and a regular, columnar crown is formed.
2. Starting from the age of ten, it is necessary to do refreshing pruning, removing all branches that are more than 3 years old.
3. For sanitary purposes, it is necessary to annually cut off diseased, dry and poorly growing shoots.

Pruning is carried out in early spring before the buds open.

Reproduction

Sea buckthorn is propagated vegetatively. Vegetative methods of propagation:

Green cuttings. The most preferred propagation method, guaranteeing good rooting. At the beginning of summer (mid-June), it is necessary to prepare cuttings about 15 cm long. They can be cut from the shoots of the mother and father plants. Then, having removed the three lower leaves, place it in nutritious soil (river sand, black soil and peat in equal parts). Create greenhouse conditions by covering the plantings with film. Next, it is necessary to maintain a temperature of +28°C and ensure air humidity of at least 90%. During the rooting period, it is necessary to regularly moisten the soil and spray the cuttings. When the cuttings take first roots, the soil will need to be fertilized with mineral fertilizers (potassium + phosphorus in equal parts). After two months, the film can be removed and the young plants can be fed with fertilizers that contain potassium and phosphorus. In spring, seedlings can be planted in a permanent place in the garden. 1-shoot cut from the mother plant, 2-cutting prepared for planting, 3-cuttings planted in the garden bed, 4-rooted green cutting

Woody cuttings. In winter, you need to cut shoots at least 5 cm thick. Until spring, cut branches must be stored in the snow. In March, it is necessary to cut cuttings 15 cm long from the branches. Then place the cuttings in a container with water for two weeks. This is the time when the buds and first roots should form. After this, you need to prepare the soil by mixing humus, peat and river sand in equal proportions. Bury the cuttings into the soil 15 cm, leaving at least two buds on the surface. Then cover with film and ensure regular watering.

It is also important to maintain the air temperature within +27°C and humidity around 90%. When the cuttings grow to 50 cm, they can be transplanted into open ground. 1 - cutting a lignified cutting; 2- cuttings prepared for planting; 3- formation of roots on the cuttings

Sea buckthorn is not propagated by grafting, since rooting in such cases is minimal. It is also not recommended to propagate sea buckthorn by seeds. In this case, the characteristics of the variety will not be inherited, that is, the bush will grow wild.

Preparing for winter

The variety is highly resistant to frost, so special measures to prepare for the winter are not required. In late autumn, it is enough to sprinkle a 7–8 cm layer of mulch (leaves, sawdust, pieces of bark) around the bush. Shelter from the wind and additional insulation are not needed. It is not recommended to disturb the plant (pruning, replanting) during the winter months.

It is very important to provide sea buckthorn with rest during this period.

Features of cultivation

Sea buckthorn is suitable for both the garden and the vegetable garden. When planting crops next to vegetables, a sufficient distance must be maintained. The point here is that garden soil is not the most suitable for such shrubs. In addition, sea buckthorn has a branching root system that diverges deep underground, which causes damage to neighboring plants. The roots are not very deep and therefore difficult to damage. But it does not tolerate planting well, and various diseases begin.

Note! The plant should be planted in places where the soil layer will not be processed or dug up. An area at the edge of the garden, next to a fence or outbuildings is ideal.

Sea buckthorn needs a lot of light, and therefore a dark place is not suitable.

Sea buckthorn care

The root system of the shrub extends over several meters. It is not necessary to fertilize adult specimens. Jam sea buckthorn does not require complex care.

Care procedures are presented:

• watering;
• pruning;
• feeding;
• loosening and mulching.

Growing the variety does not cause difficulties even for inexperienced gardeners.

Also find out how to properly propagate sea buckthorn.

How to pollinate

Pollination involves placing male and female specimens at a certain distance during planting. The pollination process is carried out with the help of wind. It can be considered a pollinator for sea buckthorn. Without a male plant nearby, there is no way to grow a valuable crop.

Watering and fertilizing

After planting the plant, you should monitor the soil moisture so that it is not dry. After the seedling adapts to a new location, no watering is carried out. It is recommended to renew it only during periods of severe drought.

The variety is not picky about the nutritional value and fertility of the soil. The first year after planting, the plant does not need to be fed. Fertilizer will only be needed when the bush begins to bear fruit. In the spring it is fed with fertilizer that contains nitrogen, and in the fall with phosphorus-potassium fertilizer.

Loosening and mulching

Mulching is important to help retain water at the roots and keep as few weeds as possible. A layer of mulch is formed from sawdust or peat

It needs to be laid on top of the tree trunk circle. Weeding and loosening are rarely done. Their goal is to prevent weeds from spreading on the tree trunk and fill the ground with oxygen.

Important! After loosening, it is necessary to restore the destroyed layer of mulch.

Trimming

Sea buckthorn bushes grow slowly, and their crown is not very dense. Therefore, the plant does not require additional formation. Sea buckthorn has a negative attitude towards pruning and injury to branches. Such care can be carried out only for the purpose of prevention from diseases.

Pruning equipment must be used clean so as not to infect the plant with any disease.

Preparing for winter

The frost resistance of the variety means that it is not necessary to prepare the bush for cold weather. A young plant may not be ready to survive winter. To ensure a successful wintering, young sea buckthorn seedlings are fed and mulched around the tree trunk.

Possible diseases and pests

Sea buckthorn diseases can be identified by many signs. Fungal diseases are characterized by:

1. Yellow, black tint of leaves, their falling.
2. The color of the bark, which differs from the original due to the presence of stains, rot and mold.
3. Fruit shedding.
4. The appearance of neoplasms.

Read more about how to deal with sea buckthorn diseases and pests.

Among other diseases, scab often appears. It can kill the plant completely. Appears as black pigments on leaves and branches. Removal of infected branches and areas helps against fungus. Ulcers should be disinfected with a one percent solution of copper sulfate or Bordeaux mixture.

There are a large number of sea buckthorn pests; most often the plant is attacked by aphids. You can fight it by spraying the bush with drugs: Fufanon, Actellik, Fitoverm, or similar.

Video: how to care for sea buckthorn

Jam sea buckthorn is a variety with surprisingly tasty, sweet fruits. It contains a lot of vitamin C and various microelements. The plant is easy to grow on site, and the berries will become a sweet delicacy and natural medicine for the whole family.

Landing

To place sea buckthorn seedlings on a plot, a 3x2.5 m scheme is used. It is acceptable for the distance to be greater, but not less. When lowering the root into the hole, it needs to be straightened. For planted shrubs you need to install a support.

Recommended timing

The timing of planting a seedling depends on the presence of an earthen ball on the root. In autumn, it is customary to plant plants with a developed root system. Specimens without a root ball are suitable for planting in spring. Such seedlings are planted in open ground in March-April. You can start as soon as the soil thaws.

Important! Grafted specimens should be planted on a mound so that when watering, water does not fall on open areas after grafting.

Selection and preparation of a site

The choice of site for planting a bush depends on several important factors:

1. Plant male and female plants side by side so that the Jam sea buckthorn bears fruit abundantly, while when planting a male specimen, it is important to take into account the direction of the wind so that the quality of pollination is not lost.
2. Place the shrub in open, sunny places, away from tall plants.
3. Do not plant the crop in areas with close groundwater, so that the roots are not injured during frosts.

The shrub prefers to grow in any soil, but avoid acidic and heavy soils. Preparing the site involves forming holes 50x50 cm. You need to make drainage in it using sand and crushed stone.

1 bucket of organic fertilizer is applied to the drainage layer. Humus and compost are best suited. Next, add 200 g of superphosphate and cover the fertilizer layer with a small amount of loose soil.

Did you know? Sea buckthorn can often be found in Russia and some European countries, however, more than 90% of these plants grow in China.

Preparation of seedlings

Before planting, you need to evaluate the seedling for the absence of diseases and pests. When examining a plant, you cannot ignore the root system. It must be developed enough to be accepted in a new place.

The seedling should have 4–6 skeletal roots and a height of 25–30 cm. When planting a shrub in the spring, the seedling can be dipped in water for a couple of hours immediately before planting. Before autumn planting, you need to get rid of all the leaves on the seedling.

Planting process

Jam sea buckthorn does not tolerate transplantation, so it is better to immediately plant it in a permanent place.

Step-by-step instructions for planting sea buckthorn:

1. Dig holes.
2. Lower the seedling without pressing the root.
3. Cover it with soil so that the root collar is located above the soil level.
4. Water and mulch the planting site.

What varieties of botanical sea buckthorn are there?

The agricultural market offers a huge number of different varieties and types of sea buckthorn. Botanical sea buckthorn is considered one of the most popular among farmers. The varieties Aromatnaya, Luchistaya and Lyubitelskaya belonging to this species are often grown. They are characterized by a beautiful bright crown and large berries.

Did you know? The scientific name of sea buckthorn is translated from Greek as “horse shine.” This is due to the fact that this plant was fed to animals, and this improved their appearance.

The taste of the fruit is sweet and sour. Berries have a universal purpose, so they can be used to prepare various dishes and desserts. Some people prefer to eat them fresh to fill the body with useful minerals and vitamins. Sea buckthorn is a winter-hardy crop. It can withstand frosts down to -40°C. Life expectancy varies from 15 to 30 years.

Fragrant

The aromatic one was accepted for testing in 1987.

It has the following characteristics:

• medium-sized bushes. Their maximum height is 2 m;
• umbrella-shaped crown;
• leaves are lanceolate, dark green;
• the fruits are large. Their weight is about 0.65 g;
• the shape of the berries is round-oval;
• the surface is glossy, yellow-orange in color;
• The skin of the fruit is thin, but does not crack when ripe.

Sea buckthorn Fragrant bears fruit 3–4 years after planting. Ripening time is average. Flowering occurs in early summer, and fruit formation occurs at the end of August. The productivity of the variety is high. Farmers collect 10–12 kg of fruit from each bush.

Radiant

Sea buckthorn Radiant was bred in the Botanical Garden of Moscow State University. M. V. Lomonosov using free pollination. In 1997 she was accepted for state testing.

Did you know? At the Olympic Games in Seoul, which were held in 1988, athletes from China added sea buckthorn fruits to their diet. It was believed that this increases endurance.

Botanical description of the variety:

1. Medium-sized bushes, up to 2 m high.
2. The crown is umbrella-shaped, spreading.
3. The round berries have a rich orange hue, without blush.
4. The leaves are ovate, dark green.
5. The fruits reach a weight of 0.65 g.

Products of this variety have high levels of taste. Tasting score is 5 points out of 5

Amateur

Sea buckthorn Amateur was included in the State Register of Russia in 1993. Zoned for cultivation in the North-Western, Central and Volga-Vyatka regions.

We recommend reading, correct grafting of sea buckthorn.

The characteristics of this variety are as follows:

• medium-height or tall shrubs. The maximum plant size is 4 m;
• pyramid-shaped crown;
• there are a small number of spines on the surface of the shoots;
• The leaves are large, light green in color. There is slight pubescence on their surface;
• berry weight - about 0.7 g;
• fruit shape - elongated oval;
• the skin is thin, orange-yellow in color;
• Yield rates are high. You can collect 8–15 kg from a bush.

Characteristic

The description of sea buckthorn Jamovaya is presented in detailed varietal characteristics given below.

Main advantages

Jam is distinguished by high rates of drought and frost resistance (up to -35 0 C its shoots do not freeze slightly). Like most other varieties of sea buckthorn, it is unpretentious in care - with proper planting and minimal care it produces consistently high yields. When preparing a planting site for Jemova, you should take into account the type of soil - the variety grows well on any soil, except heavy and acidic.

Flowering period and ripening time

Female Jam Sea Buckthorn trees bloom in early to mid-May, producing yellowish flowers without fragrance. The ripening period of the variety is average, so the fruits can be harvested in early autumn. Since climatic conditions are different in different regions of the country, these dates can be considered conditional.

Yield indicators, fruiting dates

The sea buckthorn variety Jamovaya is considered very productive and produces about 12 kg of fruit from one bush. After planting, the sea buckthorn bush bears fruit in the 4th year.

Area of ​​application of berries

The dessert taste characteristics of sea buckthorn berries of the Dzhemovaya variety allow them to be widely used in processing and preparing preparations for the winter: juices, jams. The fruits are suitable for freezing.

Resistance to diseases and pests

The variety has good resistance to possible diseases and pests, with the exception of the sea buckthorn fly - this insect most often affects Jemova bushes.

The most productive varieties of sea buckthorn

If you really want to try planting a variety marked “self-fertile,” then try to protect yourself from unscrupulous sellers. Buy the plant only from the manufacturer. If the seedling is advertised by a nursery, find out who the manufacturer is. Look on the website of the specified company for information that they actually carried out such breeding work and received a plant with the declared characteristics.

Look for any evidence that the advertised sea buckthorn exists. And don’t forget to play it safe by planting regular bushes - male and female, so that if your purchase turns out to be not self-fertile, you won’t be left without berries.

Important! Due to the very delicate peel, sea buckthorn berries cannot be transported over long distances. The review should start with the Flame variety

This is what is advertised on some websites as self-pollinating. But in the Belarusian state register of varieties this property is not mentioned. You can find an indication of the originator - this is the Nizhny Novgorod Agricultural Academy together with the Belarusian Institute of Fruit Growing and this only means that the variety exists

The review should start with the Flame variety. This is what is advertised on some websites as self-pollinating. But in the Belarusian state register of varieties this property is not mentioned. You can find an indication of the originator - this is the Nizhny Novgorod Agricultural Academy together with the Belarusian Institute of Fruit Growing, and this only means that the variety exists.

Other stated characteristics:

• yield: 19 kg (maximum 29 kg);
• beginning of fruiting: 4 years after planting;
• berry weight: 0.8 g;
• shape: oval;
• color: orange-red;
• Features: winter-hardy, drought-resistant.

One variety of sea buckthorn cannot contain both male and female plants. Therefore, this parameter must be indicated in the description

Plamennaya does not indicate it, which gives rise to speculation and discussion. Therefore, if in doubt, it is better to pay attention to traditional varieties. Many of them have long proven themselves to be good and have even larger berry size or yield

Productivity is measured by several parameters:

• the weight of one berry;
• the total weight of the harvest.

As for weight, sea buckthorn is characterized by small berries up to 0.5 g. Fruits that weigh 0.8–1.5 g are considered large.

Varieties with large berries:

• Augustine - 1.5–2 g;
• Amber necklace - 1.5 g;
• Openwork - 1 g;
• Altai - 1 g;
• Bonfire - 1 g;
• Star Trek - 0.9 g;
• Giant - 0.9 g;
• Naran - 0.9 g;
• Ayula - 0.83 g;
• Valentine - 0.8 g;
• Jam - 0.8–0.9 g;
• Chanterelle - 0.8 g;
• Parade - 0.8 g;
• Tenga - 0.8 g;
• Yakhontovaya - 0.8 g.

The yield of varieties can be high even when the berries are small. High-yielding ones can be used for industrial cultivation of sea buckthorn.

Important! Large-fruited varieties do not retain this trait for life. Their berries begin to shrink 5–7 years after the start of fruiting

Therefore, it is recommended to replace the bush at least once every 10 years.

According to the state register, the yield of some varieties will be as follows:

• Moscow pineapple - 188 c/ha;
• Inya - 161.5 c/ha;
• Nivelena - 161 c/ha;
• Tenga - 156.7 c/ha;
• Otradnaya - 150 c/ha;
• Moscow beauty - 150 c/ha;
• Bonfire - 147 c/ha;
• Amber necklace - 136 c/ha;
• Red-fruited - 134 c/ha;
• Naran - 126 c/ha;
• Triumph - 121 c/ha;
• Turanskaya - 119 c/ha;
• Yakhontovaya - 108.6 c/ha;
• Solar - 102 c/ha;
• Sokratovskaya - 93 c/ha;
• Sudarushka - 95 c/ha.

When choosing an interesting variety for planting and growing, always check the accuracy of the information provided by the seller. And do not forget that the development of a plant is influenced by a lot of factors, including growth conditions, distance between plants, and others. For a bountiful harvest, they should be selected correctly.

Sea buckthorn “Jamovaya” - characteristics of the variety and tips for planting and care

We are used to planting currants, gooseberries, fruit trees, and less often barberries and honeysuckle in our dachas, but we don’t see sea buckthorn so often. Many summer residents have a very negative attitude towards shrubs with sunny fruits. Like, it’s not clear how to eat the berry, because its taste is specifically sour, how to store it, how to twist it during the winter, and there’s no point in talking about the shoots and thorns. Therefore, they plant the same familiar crops, with which there is a minimum of worries, and the harvest is used to the maximum. Yes, it’s just that summer residents don’t know good varieties, for example, such as sea buckthorn “Jamovaya” - with it, even picky gardeners’ opinions will change.

Good to know! Everyone knows that black currant is a storehouse of substances we need. But imagine that sea buckthorn will defeat your favorite black berry in the competition for the amount of vitamins and minerals in its composition.

Recommended varieties

Among sea buckthorn there are varieties:

• Sweet. Sea buckthorn berries have always been sour, but today varieties with fruits of increased sweetness have been bred - Lyubimaya, Ruet, Tenga, Moskvichka, Nizhegorodskaya sweet, Moskovskaya pineapple, Klavdiya.
• No thorns. Without thorns, harvesting is greatly simplified. Popular thornless varieties are Solnechnaya, Zhivko, Sokratovskaya, Velikan, Podruga, Altaiskaya, Excellent, Chechek.
• Large-fruited. Sea buckthorn is strewn with small berries. If a crop is planted for the purpose of producing berries, it is advisable to plant large-fruited varieties - Elizaveta, Naran, Essel, Azhurnaya, Zlata, Augustina, Leykora.
• High-yielding. Sea buckthorn is not only a highly ornamental plant, but also has economic benefits. There are varieties that yield 5-6 kg per plant, and there are also 20-25 kg. Among the high-yielding varieties are Obilnaya, Chuyskaya, Botanicheskaya aromatic, Panteleevskaya, Podarok Sad, Dar MGU.
• Short. Harvesting sea buckthorn by hand is labor-intensive work. If the plant is tall, then picking berries is even more difficult. The easiest way to pick berries is from bushes no more than 2.5 m high. Low-growing varieties of sea buckthorn include Yantarnaya, Thumbelina, Inya, Druzhina, Moscow Beauty, Baikal Ruby, Chulyshmanka, Bayan Gol.
• Frost-resistant. Sea buckthorn is naturally more valued in the north, while fruit is preferred in the south. To bear fruit in northern conditions, the plant must be very frost-resistant. Sea buckthorn varieties with increased winter hardiness include varieties - Dzhemovaya, Zolotoy Pochatok, Trofimovskaya, Perchik, Ayula, Dar Katuni, Otradnaya.
• Men's. These are varieties for the production of pollen, which pollinates female plants. Breeders have developed special “male varieties” with improved pollinating abilities - one plant can pollinate up to 20 sea buckthorn bushes. These varieties include Gnome, Alei, Ogni Yenisei, Sayana, Ayaganga.
• Red-fruited. Red fruits are a rare phenomenon for sea buckthorn. Breeders managed to develop only a few red-fruited varieties - Ryabinovaya, Sibirsky Rumyanec, Krasnoplodnaya, Krasny Fakel, and Elochka.

How does pollination occur?

It is preferable to plant one female plant and two male plants. This is due to the fact that the latter very often die, and moreover, a pair of plants provides better pollination of female seedlings. Therefore, the gardener has many chances to harvest a harvest that has excellent taste. Male plants are planted near each other at a distance of less than 100 cm. However, there is also self-pollinating sea buckthorn.

In addition to the above varieties, there are also the following:

• Aley;
• Chechek;
• Tenga;
• Solar;
• Dwarf;
• Thornless;
• Vorobievskaya;
• Sudarushka;
• Etna;
• Pearl mussel;
• Sweet;
• Amateur;
• Present.

Among such an amazing variety, every gardener can easily find a variety that is right for him.

Description and characteristics of the variety

When choosing fruit-bearing varieties of sea buckthorn, gardeners often pay attention to the density and size of the thorns on the trunk, excessive tallness of the bushes and the degree of damage to the berries during harvesting. Regarding the Alei variety, these criteria are not relevant, since it is sterile. Like all plants of the Lokhov family, of which sea buckthorn is a representative, the described variety is characterized by a scaly covering of foliage and branches

Because of this feature, it seems that the bush is covered with a shiny silver-olive coating.

Like all plants of the Lokhov family, of which sea buckthorn is a representative, the described variety is characterized by a scaly covering of foliage and branches. Because of this feature, it seems that the bush is covered with a shiny silver-olive coating.

Did you know? The ancient Greeks noticed that when horses were fed sea buckthorn, their coat became shiny and their wounds healed faster. For this reason, the berries received the Latin name Hippophaë rhamnoides, which translated means “shiny horse.”

Alei is characterized by high winter hardiness and tolerance to unfavorable growth factors. Due to root nodules with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, the plant can take root even on poor, depleted soils. Externally, the variety is a shrub or tree up to 2.5 m high, with non-thorny, smooth shoots that form a powerful crown.

It is characterized by:

• narrow elongated leaves of light green color, arranged alternately;
• inconspicuous unisexual small flowers with a flat receptacle (always appear before the foliage);
• simple perianths.

The perennial produces exclusively male flower buds: due to prolonged budding, they provide over 95% of viable pollen. For regular and abundant fruiting of sea buckthorn on a site, it is advisable to plant at least 1 male bush near 5 female shrubs.

Botanical description of the plant

Jemova sea buckthorn seedlings can be either male or female. It is correct to plant them close to each other. The plant can reach from 1.5 to 2.5 m in height, and produces its first harvest 3 years after planting. Fruits weigh 1 g, stick to the branches.

Did you know? The first information about sea buckthorn was recorded in the 8th century in the medical records of Tibetan doctors.

With a good climate and proper care, you can collect 1.5–2 buckets of berries from one bush. The branches are straight and without thorns, and the crown is not dense. This makes harvesting convenient and safe. The berries of the variety have a sweet and sour taste and are oval in shape. The color of the fruit can vary from yellow to red.

The value of the plant lies not only in the benefits of the fruits, but also in its special decorative effect during the fruiting period. The variety is resistant to drought and low temperatures. The shoots do not lose their vital properties even at temperatures as low as -35°C. The plant is easy to care for, and when planted correctly, it produces a large harvest.

Female specimens of the variety begin to bloom in mid-May. The flowers are yellow-white, without much odor. The harvest ripens from the end of August until frost. Ripening dates cannot be determined precisely; they depend on certain climatic conditions.

• Jam sea buckthorn has a whole list of benefits:
• small plant height;
• absence of tenacious thorns;
• large fruits;
• good resistance to frost;
• excellent taste.

Features of sea buckthorn “Jam”

Varietal shrubs are bred by breeders so that they are maximally adapted to the requirements of summer residents and can bring real benefits. Sea buckthorn with the appetizing name “Jam” has many advantages, and the berry is useful, like an elixir, which can overcome more than one ailment.

• low-growing shrub - up to 2.5 meters, which is very convenient for harvesting;
• it does not have sharp thorns, which are unloved by all summer residents;
• the berry has an orange-red color, the shape of the fruit is elongated;
• semi-dry tear-off variety;
• sea ​​buckthorn “Jamovaya” has a dessert purpose;
• taste according to experts is 4.4 points out of 5 possible;
• frost-resistant sea buckthorn. It can partially freeze out only in very rare cases. Productivity, accordingly, will decrease in such a year;
• diseases and pests are not terrible for the variety. It is extremely rare that the sea buckthorn fly can bother you; resistance to it is relative;
• taste – sweet and sour, pleasant;
• high-yielding variety - one bush can produce up to 12 kg of sea buckthorn, the fruits weigh up to 1 gram;
• has a medium-late ripening period;
• A pollinator variety is required.

Let’s talk separately about the last item in the list-description of the sea buckthorn variety “Jamovaya”. If the tree is not pollinated, then it may bear fruit, but this does not happen every year, not in all regions, and the quality of the harvest is not very good. Therefore, if you plant a female sea buckthorn seedling, then somewhere nearby a male bush should grow in the direction of the wind flow. It is advisable that there are no obstacles in the form of outbuildings in the way.

It is easy to distinguish male and female seedlings - the former have larger buds, they are covered with scales that consist of several cells, while the latter are smaller in size, with only two scales. Choose seedlings correctly, it is better to do this in a nursery, they will tell you exactly which varieties are male and which are female. You can take cuttings from shrubs that grow somewhere nearby; they inherit the characteristics of the “parent”. And if we talk about sea buckthorn, it is better to buy seedlings that are at least 2-3 years old.

On a note! Pollinators that are suitable for the sea buckthorn variety “Jamovaya” are “Adam”, “Aley”, “Ural”, “Dear Friend”, “Gnome”. These are male varieties.

It is also worth noting that the fruits contain a lot of useful substances: vitamins - A, E, K, P, C, B1 and B2, minerals - nickel, magnesium, calcium, potassium, manganese, sodium, strontium, iron, phosphorus, acids – wine, lemon, coffee, apple. It is also a source of essential oils, carotenoids, and fiber. Calorie content in 100 grams of berries is 82 kcal.

Agricultural technology for growing sea buckthorn. Variety "Jam"

Requirements for place and soil

Sea buckthorn is a very unpretentious shrub, but still it may not produce a good harvest or even die in one area or another. The shrub is very sensitive to close-flowing groundwater and lowlands where water accumulates in the spring. Temperature changes inside such a swamp lead to the fact that the roots begin to rot, rot, and gradually the sea buckthorn dies. Therefore, an important condition is moderately moist soil and plenty of sunlight.

It is also worth noting that you do not need to plant shrubs where you are digging a vegetable garden or flower beds, since the root system spreads greatly to the sides and you can injure it. Remember that you will have to plant two varieties at once for pollination, and the male one in the direction from which the wind will blow it so that the pollen can fly. As for the soil, sea buckthorn “Jamovaya” grows well on chernozems, sandy and loamy soils. Heavy soils that do not allow air to pass through harm the roots; good drainage is required here.

On a note! Regarding soil acidity, it is best to plant shrubs where the pH level is 6.5-7. That is, on slightly alkaline or neutral soil.

Site preparation and planting

So, you have found an area where there will be plenty of space for the roots, where there is an opportunity to plant another variety nearby, there is a lot of sun for the crown, and there are no tall trees. The last condition is also important, since sea buckthorn in the shade may wither and not produce a good harvest. The optimal time is spring so that the seedling has time to take root. Now you need to dig a hole - 50/50 cm or a little less, put a sand substrate in it for drainage and add a bucket of compost or rotted manure, superphosphate - 200 grams.

Then place the seedling in the hole, just below the level at which it grew in the pot, to form additional roots. You dig a hole, compact the soil, and water it. Now you need to trim the side branches, leaving only the central trunk. You can mulch the soil to retain moisture and heat.

Advice! If you have very little space on your site to plant two types of sea buckthorn at once, then you can graft 2-3 branches of a male tree onto a female one. This is often practiced by experienced summer residents.

Further care

After planting, you need to mow seedlings of sea buckthorn “Jamovaya” and the pollinator variety for the first month so that they take root faster. But we remember that in swampy, wet soil, roots can be prohibited. Therefore, everything is good in moderation; after watering, loosening is necessary. Once sea buckthorn has taken root, it will only need moisture on dry days. Fertilizer is applied once a season, and any organic fertilizer is best. There is no need for excess, the bush does not like it.

Every spring, carry out sanitary pruning of excess growth, old and frozen branches. We have already said that “Jamovaya” sea buckthorn can sometimes freeze. If a fly begins to bother you, you can first try to get it out using simple folk remedies, for example, spraying the bush with a soap or ash solution. If all else fails, then insecticides will be needed, but their use is strictly prohibited during the period of fruit set and fruiting.

Diseases and pests

For clarity, possible diseases and pests of sea buckthorn variety Dzhemovaya are collected in tables indicating preventive and treatment measures.

Table 1 - Pests

Mulching the tree trunk circle with a layer of 15 cm makes it difficult for the pest to escape from the soil in the spring

Chemicals: Intavir, Iskra, Fitoverm. Folk remedies: digging up the soil in late autumn, treating with tansy infusion

Spring spraying during bud break with a solution of biological preparations (“Entobacterin”, etc.)

Treatment with chlorophos (0.4%) during bud break, metaphos (0.3%) during budding

Sea buckthorn aphid, gall mite

Timely removal of weeds and plant debris

Chemicals: Intavir, Kleschevit.

Folk remedies: repellent infusions of tobacco, onion peels or garlic, potato and tomato tops

Table 2 - Common diseases

Swelling and redness form on the bark of the shoots, the leaves turn yellow and wither, the fruits are painted in a varietal shade, but do not fill out

Carrying out sanitary pruning to ensure air permeability of the bush, followed by destruction of the pruned shoots (burning).

Black ulcers and spots on the bark and leaves of mainly young branches, as well as fruits

At the end of the season, the affected parts of the bush are pruned, and in the spring they are treated with Bordeaux mixture of 1% concentration

The fruits become covered with light spots and burst, and slimy grayish pulp flows out of the berry shell.

Timely removal of affected fruits along with the branch. After flowering and during fruit filling, spray with Bordeaux mixture of 1% concentration

Diseases and pests most often affect weakened plants, the basic care requirements for which are not met.

In order for the Jamovaya sea buckthorn bushes to remain healthy and bear fruit successfully, it is necessary to pay special attention to fertilizing, pruning, weeding and loosening

Late ripening varieties

Sea buckthorn of this segment is recognized by its resistance to frost and bright orange berries that ripen by winter. They taste better after the first frost.

Ryzhik

Shrubs of lower than average height with a moderately spreading crown and smooth shoots. The yield is good - 12.5-14 kg of sea buckthorn per bush. The berries are purplish-red and look like pointed cylinders. Sourish, but large, 0.7-0.8 g each. Thanks to the thick peel, they do not deform during transportation. Universal to use.

Orange

A bush of medium height with an oval crown and a minimum of thorns. Productivity 15 - 25 kg. The berries are orange-red, elongated, sour with astringency. They tear off dry and do not wrinkle during collection and transportation. Useful due to excess vitamin C. Winter hardiness is good, but the plant dries out due to mycosis.

Zyryanka

Bush 2.3-2.6 m high with an oval crown and sparse thorns. The harvest is good, 12-14 kg per season. Sea buckthorn is sour, but large (0.65 - 0.75 g). It looks like light orange cones with red spots.

They are not deformed during collection and transportation. “Indifferent” to fusarium.

Baltic surprise

A bush under three meters with a luxurious crown and few thorns. 7.5 - 8.5 kg of red-orange berries ripen on it. They are no larger than 0.4 g, moderately sour, aromatic.

Amber necklace

These light orange berries resemble amber beads. Each weighs more than a gram. Although sea buckthorn bushes are not tall, each yields 12-14 kg. Good winter hardiness, almost universal immunity to disease.

Mendeleevskaya

A shrub no taller than two meters with a luxurious crown. Gives 7-8 kg of berries. They have an oval shape, a rich yellow peel color and a good weight - 0.50 - 0.65 g. Another plus is that sea buckthorn is rich in ascorbic acid.

Yakhontovaya

Late ripening sea buckthorn variety from new ones. Shrubs of medium height with a moderately spreading crown and a small number of thorns. 9.6 - 10.7 kg of sweet and sour fruits are collected from the bush. They are large (0.85 g), slightly elongated. The peel is thin but dense, light red with mottling. Good resistance to frost, dry winds, and diseases.

Galerite

A variety that ripens by mid-September. A shrub no taller than two meters, with a spreading crown. An adult plant produces a maximum of 10 kg of sea buckthorn. It is large - 0.85 - 0.95 g, light orange with a reddish spot on the top. The sour and bitter pulp is wrapped in a thick, glossy peel.

Lady fingers

Another newcomer to the sea buckthorn family undergoing testing. The name is given by the cylindrical shape of the berries. It is a bush of medium height with a compact crown. Gives up to 6 kg. The berries are bright orange, 1.1-1.3 g each. They are endowed with a dessert sweet and sour taste.

Options for regions

Sea buckthorn is a plant with northern roots. Therefore, almost all cultivated species bear fruit in Siberia.

Other regions have less choice:

• Types of sea buckthorn for the Middle Zone - Alei, Botanical, Lyubimaya, Krasnoplodnaya.
• Lyubimaya, Moskvichka, Otradnaya, Perchik, Trofimovskaya are recognized as the optimal varieties of sea buckthorn for the Moscow region. The list is supplemented by thornless sea buckthorn varieties for the Moscow region: Botanicheskaya (both types), Velikan, Moscow Beauty, Nivelena. And also Gift to the Garden, Augustine, Excellent.
• The best varieties of sea buckthorn in the Siberian region: Golden Cob, Altai News, Panteleevskaya. Also recommended are Chuyskaya, Ruet, Sayana, and Siberian blush.

Sea buckthorn without shoots are varieties of Altai origin. For example, Altai News, Altai News and others.

Conclusion. The variety of sea buckthorn varieties makes it possible to choose the desired option according to various criteria: size and taste of the fruit, productivity, resistance to natural disasters. Finally, plant size, aesthetics and region.

Overview of varieties

First, you should take a closer look at the variety of varieties of healthy berries.

• Sea buckthorn Essel is one of the new products of Siberian breeders. Excellent fruit characteristics are noted. One berry can weigh about 1.2 g. They have an oval shape and are sweet in taste. Ripening occurs in August. The berries are weakly attached to the brush.
• Sea buckthorn Chuyskaya . The description of the variety will appeal to many gardeners. The crown of the tree is quite sparse, and therefore there are no problems with its formation. One plant can produce up to 12 kg of harvest. The berries have an oval, slightly elongated shape and a sweet-sour taste. Ripening occurs in the summer months.

Sea buckthorn without thorns: varieties

Without exaggeration, these varieties can be called the pride of breeders. They do not pose a danger to harvesters and are easier to maintain.

• Giant . There are 2 varieties of the variety: shrubs and trees. The crown has the shape of a cone, there are no thorns, it can grow up to 3.5 m. The fruits are bright orange in color, cylindrical in shape and have a short stalk. It boasts a sweet-sour taste and large berry size.
• Sea buckthorn Podruga has a shrubby form and weak spreading habit. The shoots are thornless, rather thin, and grow straight. The culture has shiny leaves, light green in color. The berries are large, oval in shape, weigh on average 1 g. The fruits are consumed both fresh and used for various processing.
• Altai variety . The crown is practically without thorns. The harvest ripens at the end of August. The average weight of one berry is about 0.7 g. The taste is pleasant, there is a pineapple smell. The berries are easily separated from the stalk.
• Solar . This shrub boasts a large size, a spreading crown and the absence of thorns. The berries weighing about 0.7 g have an amber color and increased oiliness.
• Sea buckthorn Excellent . The variety has an average ripening period, which occurs at the end of August - beginning of September. The harvest begins 4 years after planting. 7.1 kg of berries are harvested from one bush, the average weight of one is 0.76 g. The fruits are easily transported. The variety is winter-hardy.
• Moscow pineapple sea buckthorn. This variety has berries weighing up to 0.6 g. They are pear-shaped, the color of the skin is dark orange, and there is a red spot on the top. The berries are easily separated from the bunch. The ripening period is average, up to 14 kg of harvest is obtained from 6-year-old bushes. Winter hardiness is good. Suitable for growing in the North-West region and the Middle Zone.
• The description of the sea buckthorn variety Dzhemovaya says that the shrubs are short-growing, capable of reaching 2.5 m, which provides certain convenience during harvesting. There are no sharp thorns. The variety is frost-resistant; in very severe frosts it partially freezes out. Jamovaya is a high-yielding variety; about 12 kg of fruits are obtained from one bush. It is imperative to plant another pollinator variety along with this sea buckthorn.

Large varieties

Wild plants are capable of producing berries weighing about 0.3 g. Cultivated varieties produce fruits weighing about 0.5 g. However, there are a number of varieties with berries weighing about 1.5 g.

• Sea buckthorn openwork . The tree has a beautiful spreading crown; there are no thorns on the branches. The skin of the fruit is orange, cylindrical in shape. One berry weighs 1 g. It belongs to varieties with early ripening. Additional positive qualities are frost resistance, good drought tolerance, and immunity to diseases of fungal origin.
• Sea buckthorn Augustine . The weight of one egg-shaped berry with an orange skin is 1.1 g. Due to the fact that the fruits are formed into loose clusters, harvesting will be quite easy. Shoots with a small number of thorns. The variety is characterized by early ripening; one mature tree can produce up to 18 kg of berries.
• Sea buckthorn variety Elizabeth . The shrub boasts a dense, neat crown, so no pruning is required. The average weight of one berry is 0.9 g. The taste is sweet and sour. The fruits have long stalks that are easily separated from the clusters. The ripening period is late. A special feature of Elizabeth is its winter hardiness and immunity to plant pests.

Yield varieties

Recently appeared sea buckthorn varieties are distinguished by high yields. If up to 6 kg of berries are collected from some bushes, then up to 18 kg from new varieties.

• Botanical . Most often, seedlings of this variety are planted at agricultural firms. If proper care is provided, about 20 kg of berries are harvested from 5-year-old trees. The fruits are large in size, juicy in taste, and have an orange-red skin. The berries are separated from the stalks very easily and do not lose their presentation during transportation.
• Moscow beauty . Its varietal feature is the medium size of the shrub and its compact crown. The berries have a dessert taste, large size up to 0.6 g. Every year, up to 15 kg of harvest can be harvested from one sea buckthorn. Excellent winter hardiness, unpretentiousness to care and growing conditions are additional positive qualities of this variety. The Moscow beauty is reliably protected by an excellent immune system.
• buckthorn Favorite . The shrub is of medium size, the crown has an oval-flat shape. The shoots are practically thornless. The leaves are light green on top and silvery on the bottom. The fruits are oval in shape, have a dense skin and slightly loose flesh. Ripening occurs in August. The harvests are large and stable. Most often, the berries are used in canning. The variety is characterized by winter hardiness and an excellent immune system.
• Nivelena . The shrub is of medium size, the crown is slightly spreading, and has the shape of an umbrella. The shoots are light brown in color and have a small number of thorns. The leaves are small, and the fruits are large and have an orange-yellow color and a sweet and sour taste. Ripening occurs at the end of summer. During transportation, the berries do not lose their presentation. Like many other varieties, Nivelena is winter-hardy and is immune to various diseases.

The best and popular varieties

Gardeners who are just choosing a type of sea buckthorn to plant in the garden should study the description of the most common species found in summer cottages.

Pepper

Created at the experimental station of Moscow State University. Technical data:

• the berries are slightly rough;
• fruit color is orange;
• few seeds;
• the taste is sweet with sourness;
• The aroma of the pulp has a hint of pineapple.

Maximum yield - 15 kg/tree. The species is included in the State Register and recommended for cultivation in the Central and Northwestern regions.

Aley

This is a male sea buckthorn. The bushes do not produce fruit, but are excellent pollinators. A distinctive feature of Aley is the high winter hardiness of the buds. The plant is included in the State Register and is recommended for pollinating female sea buckthorns in the West Siberian region.

Vitamin

The basis for developing the variety was wild Altai sea buckthorn, growing on the banks of the Katun. Specifications:

• ripens early;
• spherical berries;
• the taste of the fruit is sweet and sour;
• high winter hardiness;
• Maximum yield occurs in the 3rd year of fruiting.

Berries have a universal purpose. The species is affected by fungal diseases.

Khikul

An unpretentious variety of male sea buckthorn. Has high frost resistance of flower buds. Breeders note that when Hikul pollinates sea buckthorn, the latter's yield increases.

Lakera

This is a very prickly sea buckthorn. The variety is fast-growing: the shoots stretch 50 cm per year. The plant reaches a height of 3 m. The fruits are yellow-orange, sweet and sour. Maximum yield 18 kg/plant. Leukora is a frost-resistant species. Prefers to grow on neutral and alkaline soils.

Augusta

Augustine's second name. The species produces fruits at the end of summer. This feature gave it its name. Technical data:

• yield up to 18 kg/bush;
• elongated berries;
• Orange color;
• There are few thorns.

Augustine is attracted by its simultaneous drought and frost resistance. Practically does not get sick and is not damaged by pests.

Buckthorn

This is the most common type of sea buckthorn. Distinctive features:

• vigorous plant - up to 4 m in height;
• gives an abundance of root shoots;
• the fruits reach technical ripeness in the first ten days of September;
• the species is resistant to berry shedding;
• berries are sour, medium-sized (up to 0.5 g);
• The color of the fruit is yellow-orange.

Frost resistance is high. The plant does not tolerate acidic heavy soils.

Dwarf

Male sea buckthorn. Gnome is a tall plant (up to 4 m). The crop is frost-resistant, but flower buds are damaged by return frosts.

Ulala

The plant habit is moderate. The berries ripen in late autumn. Plant characteristics:

• the fruits are bright, juicy, ribbed;
• excellent transportability (due to the thick skin);
• begins to bear fruit in the 5th year after planting in the garden;
• the taste of the berries is sweet and sour.

The fruits have a universal purpose. They are used to make tinctures, jams or freeze them.

Lomonosovskaya

The plant has few thorns, which is very attractive to gardeners. Features of the species:

• yield up to 14 kg/plant;
• berries are bright orange;
• the skin is shiny;
• crown slightly spreading;
• The pulp is juicy and aromatic.

The frost resistance of the plant is high.

Inya

The parent of the variety is sea buckthorn Panteleevskaya. Currently, variety trials are underway in Siberia and the Volga-Vyatka region. Characteristic:

• yield up to 15 kg/bush;
• the berries are sour, the color is bright;
• glossy skin;
• ripens early.

Gardeners are attracted to the plant's moderate habit.

Ray

The second name is Radiant. The species was created by Siberian breeders. The variety is currently being tested in Siberia. Distinctive features:

• the fruits have a sour taste;
• berries are large, orange-red;
• the skin is dense;
• high winter hardiness;
• ripening later.

Due to the too juicy pulp, the crop does not tolerate long-term transportation.

Pineapple

Full name: Moscow pineapple. Features of the plant:

• small number of spines;
• fruits are dark orange;
• the skin is thin;
• the pulp is juicy with the aroma of pineapple;
• transportability is low;
• has an average ripening period;
• universal purpose of fruits.

The species is recommended for cultivation in the North-West.

Varieties of thornless sea buckthorn

Thornless sea buckthorn forms an ordinary shrub characteristic of the culture, the only difference of which is the absence of sharp thorns. We should be especially grateful to the breeders for this variety, since caring for such a plant is absolutely safe for the gardener.

This variety can be presented in several varieties - the plants form a shrub or a full-fledged tree. The variety is characterized by classic taste (sweet and sour), color (bright orange) and shape (cylindrical).

Altai sea buckthorn is almost completely devoid of thorns; the ripening period occurs in the last days of August. The berries are attractive, orange, medium in size, and have a sweet taste. This variety of bushes is easy to harvest - the fruits are easily torn off without violating the integrity of the shell.

The plant is a spreading, impressive bush with a lush crown. The berries are characterized by a pleasant amber hue, a sweetish taste and a high content of sea buckthorn oil.