Overview of characteristics and description of the late Moscow cabbage variety, cultivation

Description of the variety

Moscow Late cabbage was bred by Russian breeders by crossing several varieties that were zoned in the Moscow region. To obtain high, high-quality yields, it is recommended to grow the Moscow Late variety in the Central, North-Western, Volga or Far Eastern regions of Russia.

The culture belongs to the late species, as is clear from the name. The period of plant development from germination to harvest is 120-140 days, depending on care and place of cultivation.

The rosette of leaves is large, voluminous, up to 90 cm in diameter, which is important to consider when planting

The rosette of leaves is large, voluminous, up to 90 cm in diameter. This is important to take into account when planting, so that the plants do not interfere with each other’s growth. The leaves are large, there are small but frequent wrinkles on the leaf blade. The color of the upper leaves is gray-green with a waxy coating, and the cross-section of the leaves is white. A ripe head of cabbage is dense. The petioles are long, the veins are sparse. The average weight of ripe cabbage is 4-6 kg, but there are champions weighing up to 15 kg! The inner stalk is short or medium in size, and the outer stalk is quite long.

Interesting!

You can find two varieties of this variety on sale. Moscow Late 15 and 9. Moscow Late 9 cabbage was developed from the first variety labeled 15 and has higher clubroot resistance. Otherwise, their characteristics are identical.

Lunar calendar for sowing cabbage 2022

Most summer residents and gardeners who professionally grow fruits and vegetables work exclusively in connection with the Lunar calendar. Focusing on favorable days of the Lunar calendar, specialists carry out certain works.

It is advisable to plan the harvest of early cabbage varieties at the beginning of July. Often the process lasts up to 6 months if different varieties of cabbage were grown on the site. Early varieties are not intended for long-term storage during the winter months. It must be used immediately. Middle and late varieties can be fermented, canned, or stored in the cellar.

To ensure that cabbage lasts longer in the winter safe and sound, harvesting is carried out only on favorable days according to the Lunar calendar.

Favorable days when to sow cabbage for seedlings in 2022 according to the lunar calendar:

• January 1-3, 6, 7, 11, 14-18, 21 and 28
• February 3, 4, 7-14, 22 and 23
• March 3, 6-8, 10-13, 15-17, 21-23, 29 and 30
• April 3-9, 12-16, 26 and 27
• May 1-6, 10-15,19, 24 and 31
• June 1-3, 7-14,16, 19, 20, 24-30

Characteristics of Moscow Late cabbage

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The advantages and disadvantages of Moscow Late cabbage are presented in the characteristics.

• The variety is used for cultivation in private, small plots and for industrial purposes.
• Late Moscow cabbage is grown in open ground. It is not suitable for greenhouses.
• There is resistance to clubroot and most other diseases.

  The color of the upper leaves is gray-green with a waxy coating, and in cross-section the leaves are white

• Heads of cabbage may crack, but this rarely happens.
• Heads of cabbage of commercial appearance.
• Transport quality is average.
• The yield per hectare, according to farmers, reaches 6-12 kg per square of plantings.
• It is stored under proper conditions for about 3 months.
• Universal use.

Growing Potatoes

Seeds are planted in early April. The planting depth of the material is 1 cm. After 7-9 days, seedlings appear. After 1.5 months, the seedlings are ready for transplantation into the OG. Typically, planting in open ground is carried out at the end of May.

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Since Moscow late is demanding on the type of soil, it is necessary to fertilize the soil well before planting. Also, predecessors play an important role. It is best to plant cabbage after cucumbers and potatoes.

If you take proper care of cabbage, you can safely expect a good harvest. This is a very responsive variety.

The basis for caring for Moscow late is watering. The vegetable needs to be watered abundantly, especially in the autumn.

Due to frequent watering, weeds will constantly grow around the plant. They must be removed without fail, as they greatly inhibit the development of the vegetable.

Harvest after the first frost. This is necessary so that the heads of cabbage become more juicy and palatable. But if the temperature has not dropped below 0, and the heads of cabbage are already fully ripe, then they simply take the “head” and turn it in a circle. This way, all the roots of the vegetable will be torn off, and it will stop developing, but at the same time it will be quietly stored on the site until the first frost, without losing its qualities.

Features of planting Moscow late

You can grow Moscow Late cabbage using seedlings or seeds. But the seed planting method is chosen, as a rule, in the southern regions, where the warm season lasts quite a long time. The seedling method is more popular and is used everywhere.

• Seedling growing method

Planting seedlings in a permanent place is carried out according to the 60x60 cm scheme

Seeds for seedlings are sown around the beginning of March. First, they are soaked in water (+70 degrees) for half an hour, then washed under cold water. Sowing is carried out in a common container to a depth of 1 cm. A distance of 5-7 cm is left between the seeds. The seeds germinate at a temperature of +23 degrees, but after the sprouts appear, it is better to reduce the temperature to +17 degrees maximum, so that the sprouts do not stretch and the root system developed normally.

Planting seedlings in a permanent place is carried out according to the 60x60 cm pattern. It is important to wait until the ground warms up, otherwise the sprouts will freeze and development will slow down.

Important!

Cabbage grows best on black soil or sandy soil. The acidity of the soil should be at level 5. If it is higher, you should add lime or dolomite flour before planting cabbage.

• Seed planting method

Sowing seeds directly into open ground is carried out from the end of April

Sowing seeds directly into open ground begins in late April. They are buried in the ground by about 3 cm, no more. The distance between seedlings is 40 cm. Initially, you can sow 2-3 seeds per hole. When they sprout, 1 is left - the strongest sprout, and the rest are replanted or removed. After sowing the seeds, it is worth covering the area with film. This will create a greenhouse effect and the seeds will germinate much faster.

Growing the variety

The variety under discussion does not have any special differences from the cultivation of other late-ripening cabbage varieties.

Seed preparation

The quality of the harvest depends on the quality preparation of seeds for sowing.

Before sowing cabbage seeds you need:

1. Place in water heated to + 50°C for 15 minutes.
2. After that for 1 min. immerse in cold water.
3. Then soak for half a day in a mixture of microelements dissolved in water.
4. Next, rinse the seeds thoroughly in clean water and place them in the refrigerator on the bottom shelf for 24 hours.
5. After this, dry the seeds and begin planting them in the prepared substrate.

Caring for Moscow Late cabbage

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Caring for cabbage must be in accordance with all the rules, otherwise you cannot expect a high-quality harvest.

• Late Moscow cabbage requires regular, moderate watering. You need to moisten the soil so that it is saturated, but not waterlogged, otherwise root rot will occur. Usually 1 watering per week is enough; during drought, you can add water once every 3 days. One head of cabbage should consume up to 3 liters of water.
• After watering and precipitation, it is important to loosen the soil so that it is soft and fluffy. At this time, weeds are uprooted and burned off-site or added to the compost.

  It is necessary to moisten the soil so that it is saturated, but not to become waterlogged, otherwise root rot will occur.

• Fertilizing is done 2 times a year. The first time you need to apply fertilizer 3-3.5 weeks after planting the seedlings. Organic matter is used - 2 kg of humus per 10 liters of water. Up to 1.5 liters of the resulting solution is poured under the bush. The second feeding is done when the heads begin to form. For 10 liters of water take 20 mg of potassium and the same amount of nitrogen. Up to 2 liters of solution should go under the head of cabbage.
• Mulching is not necessary, but recommended. Cabbage gets sick less often if you cover the ground with a thin layer of sawdust, compost or similar mulch.
• To prevent the cabbage from falling on its side and cracking, it is recommended to carry out regular hilling.
• The lower leaves can be picked off after the cabbage reaches maturity. This procedure eliminates rotting and prevents the occurrence of diseases. In addition, the plant will put more effort into forming a head of cabbage.

Pest and disease control

When describing the late Moscow cabbage variety, it is worth learning more about the diseases and pests of this crop.

Diseases and pests of the variety

Late Moscow cabbage variety is resistant to many diseases. She even rarely gets sick from fungal diseases. If there are concerns, you can carry out treatment (preventive) with special preparations, but usually gardeners do this only if signs of illness appear. So, for diseases you can use such drugs as “Fitosporin-M”, “Planriz”, “Fundazol”, “Albit”, “Gamair”.

The butterfly does not like treatment with Bordeaux mixture - 10 mg per 10 liters of water

Interesting!

To prevent slugs from spoiling the heads of cabbage, you can mulch the area under the bushes with broken walnut shells, eggshells or seed husks. And simple tulle can help against cabbage butterflies. They cover the heads of cabbage with it and press it on the sides to the ground so that it does not rise from the wind.

Of the pests, the plant is most often attacked by butterflies, fleas, and aphids. For fleas, you can use a solution of potassium permanganate (20 mg/10 l of warm water). The butterfly does not like treatment with Bordeaux mixture - 10 mg/10 l of water. Aphids disappear when cabbage is sprayed with “Assistant”, “Inspector”, “Alpha-Super” or similar preparations. Colloidal salt (50 g/10 l of water) also helps quite well. Treatments are carried out no more than once every 10 days, or less frequently.

Planting seedlings in open ground

Cabbage seedlings can be planted in open ground when they have reached the stage of 5-6 true leaves. 2-3 weeks before this, the plants need to be accustomed to the external environment (hardened), for which it is enough to take them out into the fresh air for several hours every day.

To plant cabbage, you need to choose areas that are well lit by the sun, where potatoes, cucumbers, grains or legumes previously grew. If other cruciferous plants grew in the selected beds, then cabbage can be planted there only after 4 years.

To plant seedlings in previously loosened and leveled soil, you need to make holes at a distance of 70 cm from each other, maintaining an interval between rows of 60 cm. The plants are placed in prepared holes along with a lump of earth so as not to damage the root system. Then the soil near them is compacted and watered, directing the water under the root of the seedlings.

Harvest and storage

Due to the density of the heads of cabbage, the crop can be harvested manually or mechanically. Heads of cabbage are usually collected after the first autumn frosts. If you collect them earlier, the shelf life will be reduced. The cabbage is cut with a sharp knife and folded so that the top leaves are not damaged. At the same time, it is worth removing the remaining tops with rhizomes.

The heads of cabbage are collected after the first autumn frosts. If you collect them earlier, the shelf life will be reduced.

The harvest is perfectly stored at a temperature of +1 degrees and humidity in the range of 90-95%. The use of Moscow Late cabbage is universal. It is suitable for fresh food, pickling, and fermentation.

Tips and reviews from experienced gardeners

Experienced gardeners recommend:

• harvest in cool weather, this will extend the shelf life of the forks;
• do not use drip irrigation - water getting on the heads of cabbage can lead to their cracking, despite the lack of a tendency for the variety to do this.

Vegetable growers speak positively about the variety.

Irina, Bryansk: “My mother and grandmother grew this variety, and now here I am. I see no reason to change it to something else. Moscow Late is an unpretentious cabbage that requires minimal care. The heads of cabbage are large, dense, very tasty, juicy and sweet, and when pickled they are simply delicious. The harvest is stored for a long time, enough for the whole winter.”

Vasily, Rostov region: “When I planted this variety for the first time, I thought that I would never return to it - all the heads of cabbage fell over, some cracked. In general, the first damn thing is lumpy. A few years later I decided to try again, already knowing that this variety definitely needs to be hilled and make sure that when watering, water does not get on the forks. As a result, I got an excellent harvest of large, dense, tight and very tasty heads of cabbage.”

Reviews from gardeners about the Moscow Late cabbage variety

The opinions of gardeners about the Moskovskaya Pozdnyaya cabbage variety can be studied below.

• Lyubov Kvitchinska : “I know Moscow cabbage Late 15 firsthand. I grew it for many years until I “met” more modern hybrids. The cabbage itself is not bad, and is stored better than many other varieties, and it rarely gets sick, but such cabbage requires regular hilling or supports under the heads of cabbage. It grows on a long head of cabbage, the head itself is large, so it can fall to the ground and break under its own weight. In addition, with frequent rains, the heads of cabbage crack and are then poorly stored. So this variety is not bad for practice, but there are better ones.”
• Stanislav Belyaev : “I grow Moscow Late cabbage every year for storage. She is growing well and has almost no illnesses. The taste of cabbage that has already rested is pleasant and juicy. It lies in the basement without problems until April. I have not yet found a more profitable variety to grow. There are, of course, similar analogues, but they either suffer from taste or suffer from everything possible.”
• Yana Kurys : “Moscow Late 15 is a worthy old variety of cabbage. There is always a high demand for it. I have been growing it for more than 5 years. Every year I learn something new, but without a doubt there is only one thing - the variety needs quality care. Weeding, watering, hilling, fertilizing are the foundation for obtaining a good harvest. Also, a couple of times a year it may be necessary to treat pests, and the variety rarely gets sick because it has strong immunity.”

Advantages and disadvantages of the variety

• Based on the above features of Moscow late cabbage, its advantages include:
• good yield;
• density and juiciness of forks;
• sugar content of forks and high content of ascorbic acid in them;
• almost simultaneous maturation of forks;
• high taste qualities when fermented;
• no signs of cracking in heads of cabbage;
• good keeping quality;
• successful resistance to clubroot disease.

This cabbage variety has no serious drawbacks, otherwise it would not have lasted more than 80 years. Some problems for vegetable growers are caused by the tall stalk, which sometimes cannot withstand the weight of a large head of cabbage, causing it to fall to the ground. You have to hill the plant high and even put supports under it. Also, not everyone is comfortable with the need, due to the large forks of cabbage, to allocate large areas of the plot for it and at the same time water the plants abundantly.

Did you know? In the world today there are about a hundred different types of cabbage, belonging to only three varieties of this crop: cabbage, cauliflower and deciduous. And the most common are not the varieties of white cabbage we are used to, but red cabbage, Beijing cabbage, broccoli and cauliflower.

Rules of care

Late varieties are loved because they require virtually no care. Unlike early-ripening cabbage, Moscow Late cabbage rarely gets sick and does not require the constant presence of a gardener.

Here's how to care for cabbage beds:

1. Water during periods of drought using settled warm water. Watering should be done at the root, best done in the evening, when the heat has subsided. When the heads of cabbage are formed, the amount of watering is halved to prevent the cabbage from cracking.

2. Cabbage loves fertilized soil; it accepts organic matter best - cow manure or bird droppings diluted in water. The crop needs to be fertilized three times during the summer: 20 days after planting the seedlings, two weeks after the first fertilizing, and another 10-12 days.
3. Moscow Late mulching is well tolerated. The soil is covered with a layer of humus or compost, thereby further saturating it and preventing cracking.
4. To prevent diseases and pests, you can use an insectofungicide or adopt traditional methods, such as wood ash, dolomite flour, decoctions of tomato tops, garlic, onions, and wormwood.
5. Weeds between cabbage beds are regularly removed; they not only draw strength from the plant, but also contribute to the proliferation of insects and slugs.

6. Cabbage bushes need to be regularly hilled, raking the soil to the roots. This tactic will help prevent the heads of cabbage from falling to one side and coming into contact with the ground.
7. If hilling does not help, the fallen cabbage is strengthened with supports or pegs.
8. The Moscow Late crop is harvested at one time - when the first frost has passed. The heads of cabbage are carefully cut with a sharp knife and folded, being careful not to damage the upper leaves. The tops must be pulled out along with the roots (if necessary, dug up with a shovel or pitchfork) and taken away from the site.

Important! The harvest should be stored in a cool place with above-zero temperatures and low humidity.

Next season, cabbage seedlings are planted in another place; the land must “rest” from this crop for at least two to three years.