Gum treatment in peach: treatment and symptoms, prevention methods, what to do

Why does glue come out on a peach?

The reasons for the appearance of a sticky mass on a peach may be:

fungal or bacterial infection;
agrotechnical violations;
climatic conditions;
pest damage.

Chronic release of glue weakens the vitality of the plant. Therefore, gum therapy needs treatment.

Fungal or bacterial infection

Mechanical damage to the bark of peaches causes gum to leak. If bacterial or fungal organisms get into the wound, they only worsen the disease. The causative agents may be:

stone fruit cancer;
bacterial burn;
Clusterosporiosis;
moniliosis

Signs of gommosis are detected in all parts of the peach: on the fruits, trunk, branches.

Violation of agricultural cultivation techniques

Violation of agricultural technology can provoke the disease:

incorrectly selected soil. The disease develops in acidic soil. The favorable environment is heavy, floating clay soils;
oversaturation with fertilizers, especially nitrogen elements;
excessive watering;
high humidity;
excessive pruning;
incompatibility of the scion with the rootstock.

Climatic conditions

Resin release is aggravated under unfavorable climatic conditions:

excessive moisture is accompanied by cold;
in autumn, heavy rains are replaced by cold weather;
sunburn;
freezing of peach in winter;
frost breakers;

In the spring, at the first symptoms, treatment begins.

Pest infestation

Pests destroy the bark layer, thereby causing disease.

Wrinkled sapwood. Beetles and larvae cause damage to the tree. Insects make holes in the bark up to 2 millimeters, lay eggs, and then die, covering the puncture with their bodies. The larvae overwinter in passages under the disturbed surface layer. In the spring they open the holes and go outside. Over time, resin appears in the wounds and gum formation begins.

Rodents cause considerable damage to trees by destroying the bark. As a result, they provoke a disease - gommosis.

Plum moth. The caterpillars eat the flesh of the peaches, filling the voids with excrement. Hardened gum appears in the holes.

Reasons for development

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Treatment of apricot and plum trees begins only after the exact cause of the pathology has been established.

Fungal infection

Most often, resin appears on apricots and plum fruits due to the tree being infected with a fungal disease. On plums, gum can be observed during the development of moniliosis. On apricot it is formed due to curling. Lesions are noticeable both on young branches and on the trunk.

Young wood is most sensitive to damage. It begins to dry out, and new cortex cells stop forming.

Violation of agricultural cultivation techniques

The listed diseases can develop due to violations of agricultural technology. Trees are affected as a result of:

Improper application of fertilizer. The main reason why resin may come out is due to an excess of potassium, nitrogen and magnesium. Gardeners add these components in large quantities, but the soil does not lack them.
Violation of the watering regime. Both excessive and infrequent watering can cause gum formation. You need to water often, but not abundantly. Lack of moisture leads to a lack of microelements.
Untimely pruning, untreated cuts - all this causes the release of gum. Green growths must be removed at the green twig stage. This will reduce the risk of injury to the plant. The wounds after the cuts are immediately covered.

The appearance of resin on apricot trunks can be caused by improper pruning.

Advice! Do not apply garden varnish to a wet surface. In such a situation, pathogenic bacteria will begin to actively multiply under the layer of putty.

Climate conditions

After winter, you can see cracks and frost holes on the trunks of stone fruit trees. Prolonged thaws, which cause heating, are also dangerous.

If gum appears on apricots or plums, climatic conditions, which depend on the planting region, may be to blame. Therefore, it should be remembered that first of all you need to choose frost-resistant varieties that are less susceptible to frostbite, insulate trees for the winter, and plant them in places protected from the wind.

Recovery after illness

Diseases catastrophically reduce peach immunity. This culture, already delicate and demanding, having been ill, loses a lot of vitality and risks not surviving the winter.

How to restore peach health:

Feed the tree with complex mineral fertilizers.
Cover the tree more tightly for the winter. It is recommended to completely wrap the tree in burlap. And if the tree is small, you can even build a small hut over it. For greater reliability, the structure can be covered with spruce branches.
Use special preparations to boost the tree's immune system. Garden stores sell products with phytoactive properties that stimulate the growth and development of peach, as well as various kinds of immunomodulators.

How to spray a peach for restoration:

phytoactivators – Stimmunol, Albit, Immunocytophyte;
growth stimulants - Epin, Kornevin, Heterauxin;
immunomodulators – Zircon, Silkom.

How to prevent gum from appearing

There are a number of measures that you can use to save the tree from the appearance of gum. If you find out the causes of such a disease, you can prevent its occurrence. What should not be done?

Do not injure the cortex

Firstly, you must not injure the apricot. Some gardeners mistakenly assume that it is necessary to remove completely frozen parts of the bark. But it is she who saves the wood. By removing the old bark, you will allow the fruit tree to overwinter with unripe bark.

Tree trunk bleaching

Caring for the trunk

Secondly, you need to take care of the trunks. For example, in winter and spring, the crop may get sunburn. To prevent this, trunks should be bleached in autumn and summer, as well as in February.

However, many gardeners do not always have time for this. Therefore, they apply whitewash in mid-autumn, and at the beginning of winter they insulate the trunk using burlap or other non-woven material. This will save the tree from rodent infestation.

Don’t forget to remove the covering material with the onset of spring.

In the spring, it is important to remove the bandage in a timely manner and, if necessary, treat wounds received in winter

Trimming

Thirdly, proper pruning of the plant is important. If you cut the apricot ahead of time, then it will not be surprising if gum appears after a while. It is recommended to remove excess shoots in the summer, when they are still green.

Soil acidity

Fourthly, it is important to monitor the pH level of the soil. If the soil is acidic, then it is recommended to lime it

In addition, experts have found that a lack of calcium can also cause gum formation.

It should be noted that apricots need to be fertilized with calcium chloride. Dilute ten milliliters of the substance in a ten-liter bucket of water and pour the fertilizer over the plant.

Furrowing

Another indispensable preventive action against the appearance of gum is furrowing trunks and branches in early spring. On the apricot trunk, furrows are made in a circular pattern, and the distance between them should be from 15 to 18 centimeters.

On branches, such furrows are placed vertically at a distance of eight centimeters from each other. Experienced gardeners advise furrowing every year or two. New furrows must be made between the old ones.

As you know, plants that love warmth most often suffer from frost, sunlight and damping off. Gum may also appear from such damage. For beginning gardeners, apricots most often survive only one winter.

Even if the plant has survived the winter, fluctuating weather in the spring will finish what was started in the winter and destroy the crop. Therefore, you need to grow crops depending on the weather conditions in your region.

Thanks to scientists, today many different varieties of apricot have been developed that can easily withstand winter. It is worth buying for those whose regions have cold winters.

Effective measures to prevent gum development

There are a number of preventive measures that will help answer the question of what to do if glue appears on apricots and peach, and how to avoid it. First of all, it is necessary to minimize the risk of injury to the tree and monitor the condition of the soil.

Do not injure the cortex

The tree will have fewer wounds and they can heal quickly if:

do not perform late pruning;
wrap the tree in burlap for the winter.

Important! To destroy pests that can cause infection, you need to regularly spray with copper sulfate.

Barrel protection

Sunburn is very dangerous for trees, which can occur both in spring and winter. To prevent them, you need to bleach the trunks three times a year. Before winter, they are insulated with burlap or any non-woven material.

The apricot trunk is bleached three times a year as a preventive measure.

Trimming

Resin appears in cases where untimely pruning was done, or the trees were cut too much. Unnecessary shoots are removed while still green. The wounds from them will be small and heal very quickly.

Soil acidity

Gum discharge often occurs due to a lack of calcium. It occurs due to excessive fertilizing with magnesium and potassium. To correct the problem, it is recommended to water the soil with plenty of water and water with a weak solution of potassium permanganate several times a season.

Furrowing

Furrowing the trunk is considered a good preventative measure. To do this, deep cuts are made on the bark down to the wood. They are done in parallel. This makes it easier for the tree to grow thicker. The furrows are made with a dotted line horizontally every 20 cm. The procedure should be carried out twice a year until mid-May.

Important! Furrowing should be done not with a garden knife, but with a grafting knife.

Proper prevention and treatment measures will help reduce the activity of gum formation on apricots. This can save the trees.

What is gommosis

Gum disease, to which most fruit trees are susceptible, is mistakenly interpreted as a non-infectious disease. It manifests itself in the secretion of a sticky brown liquid protruding through cracks in the trunks and branches. Less commonly, gommosis is observed on the leaves and fruits of plants in the form of sticky thick drops.

Gum or otherwise gum is not a resin. This is exudate of conductive tissue, the result of the formation of effusions - accumulation of liquid and plastic substances in the phloem (phloem), damage to the parenchyma - conductive vascular tissues. Together with wood (xylem), phloem ensures the transport of mineral salts, liquids, and products of photosynthesis.

It is the violation of its functions, including mechanical, that leads to the formation of exudate. In fact, gum is a high-molecular carbohydrate that carries sugars, polysaccharides, monocarboxylic acids, breakdown products of cell membranes - galactose, arabiose and other substances.

The pathological process begins to occur in the cambium of young wood. Instead of outer bark cells and inner wood cells, undifferentiated cells filled with starch - gum - are formed.

At the initial stage, individual vessels are filled with gum. Then the parenchyma (vascular tissue) becomes necrotic. Neighboring xylem tissues are affected, destruction reaches the bark: cracks and deep wounds appear, through which sticky “tree tears” appear.

When the bark and cambium are destroyed, the trunk becomes covered with cracks, branches dry out, young growth is absent, and fruiting is poor. As the amount of gum increases, the tree sheds its leaves, stops bearing fruit, and dries out.

What do affected stone fruits look like?

All stone fruits are susceptible to gum development: apricot, cherry, peach, plum and other representatives of the plum genus. For peach and apricot, the disease is often fatal; it is less critical for plums and cherries.

Hommosis manifests itself in different crops as follows:

On cherries - in the form of a dark brown sticky mass, known as cherry glue, abundantly flowing from cracks in the bark of the trunk. As a rule, cherry produces “glue” abundantly, and it is characterized by low density. Gum deposits reveal blackening under the bark, open ulcers, and large cracks.
On plums, gommosis affects the trunk, skeletal branches, and manifests itself in the form of dew on the leaves. Even on the fruits there are thick drops of dark brown influx.
Apricot is prone to gum development, which is destructive in advanced stages. The gum on apricot is thicker, amber-brown in color, almost transparent. It is concentrated more often on the trunk, and only with massive damage is observed on branches, leaves, and fruits.
On cherry trees, light yellow glassy deposits stand out from cracks in the trunk or branches. With massive tissue damage, cherry gum becomes cloudy-brown and protrudes profusely.
Peach gum bleed appears as orange-brown accumulations of clear liquid oozing from cracks in the bark. For a heat-loving crop, this is a common problem: peach trees often do not take root in a continental climate, not only due to low winter hardiness, but also often die from heavy gum growth.

Xanthan gum

Known as E415, it belongs to the stabilizers. Used in food production since 1968, it plays the same role as guar gum, but the source of this substance is different. Xanthan gum is a fermented waste product of the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris.

This type of gum is considered a strong thickener that performs well in cold and hot environments. Unaffected by enzymes, acids or alkalis. In the food industry it is used to thicken creams, foams, and emulsions.

In addition, xanthan gum has the ability to retain moisture. Cosmetologists noticed this property of tree resin and added an extract of the natural substance to moisturizing creams, lotions and other cosmetics.

How to treat gum on peach

When a thick mass appears, special attention is paid to wounds and cracks. The glue is thoroughly cleaned down to living tissue

Make a working solution: add 100 grams of copper sulfate to 10 liters of liquid. Treat wounds and cracks. As soon as the trunk dries, it is whitened with the following composition: copper sulfate, clay, lime. Next, the cause of the disease is determined and eliminated.

Wounds are also treated with garden varnish. It prevents rotting and drying out. Large wounds are covered with clay and mullein. If the provocateur of the disease is fungal diseases, use Horus, a systemic drug. In the fight against plum moth, Fitoferm is used.

Apricot gum

Drops of gum also appear on the bark of apricot trees. Almost half of its composition is galactose, a little less - arabinose. There is also glucuronic acid and protein substances.

After assembly, apricot gum must be dried (previously spread on paper) in a dry, well-ventilated area. Typically, an attic is suitable for such purposes. Dry resin is used as a coating preparation. Use diluted (you should get a not very concentrated aqueous solution).

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What are the benefits of cherry resin?

Gum discharge harms the tree, but for humans this phenomenon is very useful. After all, cherry resin contains a lot of tannins, pectins and valuable sugars. Gum is used in modern medicine to treat diseases of the respiratory system, blood vessels, gastrointestinal tract and diabetes.

Resin is also useful for those who want to lose weight. Even a small piece of gum, entering the stomach, mixes with liquids and forms a jelly-like substance. At the same time, it is not absorbed by the intestines, which creates a long-lasting feeling of fullness. Therefore, with the help of gum you can significantly reduce the amount of food consumed.

In addition, this substance helps reduce cholesterol in the blood and cleanses the body of waste and toxins. But when treating with gum, remember that abuse causes stomach cramps and nausea.

Despite the benefits of cherry resin, you should still not allow it to appear. After all, this will lead to long-term illness and death of the tree. Therefore, do not forget about gummosis prevention measures, and there will be no gum disease in your garden.

I remember, in my distant childhood, my friend and I carefully peeled off the resinous deposits from plum and cherry trees and put them in our mouths. The amber transparency of natural “chewing gum” promised candy-like sweetness, but the sticky lump turned out to be insipid and even bitter, sticking together the teeth, leaving an unpleasant aftertaste in the mouth.

Dried deposits played the role of jewelry in our games. We showed off to each other our fancy “fruit amber” figurines, wondering why our parents didn’t share our delight. Only many years later did I learn that the appearance of such growths on the trunks is an alarming symptom of a disease that can result in the death of the plant.

Guar gum

In fact, probably everyone reading this text knows what gum is from an early age. Don't believe me? Well, have you never plucked amber resin drops from the trunks of cherry trees? And this is the same gum, hidden as an unknown word in the list of ingredients of products from the supermarket.

This tree resin, which flows out in places where the bark is damaged, is called by chemists a high-molecular carbohydrate and a fiber polymer, and is widely used by industry workers to create various products. From a chemical point of view, gum can be defined as “soft fiber”, and its composition contains galactose, glucuronic acid and other beneficial substances.

Gum is contained not only in the trunk of the plant, it is in the leaves, small branches, roots and even fruits of trees, and “breaks out” only in places of mechanical damage. Initially, this substance is a liquid sticky substance, but under the influence of the environment it hardens and acquires a more saturated color. However, if necessary, it can be easily dissolved in water.

Traditionally, tree resin is collected during dry weather in summer or early fall. But besides gum in its pure form, there is stone gum resin. This variety has poor solubility, but due to this it is used in various liquids.

The source of this substance is guar beans. In the food industry, it is designated by the E412 index and is used to preserve the structure of the finished product during freezing and thawing. Having no taste and being a low-calorie substance, it is used in a wide variety of products. When creating ice cream, gum prevents the formation of ice crystals, gives volume to cheeses, improves the taste of baked goods, and gives plasticity and uniform consistency to minced meat. E412 is also capable of extending the “life” of some products.

Properties of guar gum:

easily dissolves in water;
Adds viscosity to liquid food;
reduces the concentration of cholesterol, triglycerides and lipoproteins;
removes toxins from the body;
normalizes intestinal microflora;
“starts” the work of the digestive system.

Used as:

laxative;
drugs against diabetes, atherosclerosis, obesity;
thickener in creams, gels, shampoos, masks;
component in the production of baked goods, cheeses, sausages, yoghurts, puddings, various sauces and jams;
a product used in the paper, textile, oil, and coal industries.

An overdose of guar gum can cause diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, and allergies.

This substance, created from the pods of Mediterranean acacias, received a second name in the food industry - E410. Its chemical composition is somewhat reminiscent of guar gum. Typically, this component can be seen on the labels of products that have been artificially added to their fluffiness and slightly extended their shelf life. Most often these are a variety of pastries and processed cheeses.

Food additive E410 is a yellowish powder, odorless. The substance does not lose its properties in an acidic or salty environment, and also does not undergo decomposition when exposed to high temperatures. It has a high degree of viscosity, and can only melt completely in boiling water.

Drops of gum also appear on the bark of apricot trees. Almost half of its composition is galactose, a little less - arabinose. There is also glucuronic acid and protein substances.

We invite you to familiarize yourself with Preparations for the treatment and prevention of bird diseases.

Gum. Gum deposition of fruit trees

09.08.2017 Gum

or
gommosis
is a disease that occurs in a fairly large number of plants. In appearance, the gum resembles a frozen sticky mass that stands out on the trunks, fruits and even leaves of stone fruit trees.

Most often, resinous secretions are formed on heat-loving tree crops: cherries (cherry glue), cherries, plums, apricots, nectarines and peaches.

If gum appears on trunks or branches, then, as a rule, quite deep wounds are found underneath it, through which the sticky liquid (sometimes in large quantities) comes out and hardens.

Gum can have a wide variety of shades: light brown, saffron, amber, dark brown. Resinous hardenings, as a rule, have a glossy surface and are clearly visible in the sun.

The gum has no smell and tastes slightly sweet. There is hardly a person who, as a child, did not pick out resin from cherry trunks and taste it. The tart and viscous mass tightly sticks the teeth together and has a cloying bitter taste.

Causes of gum appearance

There can be many reasons for the formation of wounds on a plant: damage to the plant bark by insects, fungi and viruses, damage to the tree by severe frost, unfavorable conditions for the formation of the tree, excessive application of fertilizers, sunburn and other factors (for example, in peaches active gum formation can be observed in as a result of infection with curly

» leaves).

When wood is damaged, pathogenic foci can form inside the plant, in which the infected parenchyma, transforming, gradually turns into tree resin, increasingly corroding the tree bark. The formation of pathology occurs locally and the initial point of origin of the disease is the cambium (lat . cambium

) - plant educational tissue. As a result of damage, the cambium cells divide, forming deformed cells with a thickened shell, filled with starch, which, accumulating, gradually create a growth of intercellular substance on the fruit tree.

Chemists call gum a “high molecular weight carbohydrate” and a “fiber polymer” because it contains such beneficial substances as galactose (one of the simple sugars) and glucuronic acid (an organic acid formed during the oxidation of glucose).

Unfortunately, heavy gum decay seriously weakens fruit trees, significantly reducing their productivity, and can lead to premature death of plants in the garden.

Methods of resistance and prevention of gum formation

Since the appearance of gum on a fruit tree is often provoked by diseases, harmful microorganisms, pests and difficult weather conditions, it is advisable to select varieties for the formation of a garden that, first of all, have good vitality and high resistance. For example, tinder fungal diseases such as moniliosis

"(apricot is most susceptible to damage by spores of this fungus), "
clusterosporiosis
" and others, cause damage to trunks and shoots.

In order to prevent mechanical damage, trees should be pruned carefully and in a timely manner, and the cut area must be sealed with garden varnish.

In autumn and spring, it is advisable to whitewash trees with a special lime mortar.

Before the appearance and swelling of buds, it is useful to treat trees with a one percent solution of copper or a three percent composition of iron sulfate, which combines the properties of an insecticide, fungicide and microfertilizer. Don’t forget about the effectiveness of the Bordeaux style

» liquids.

To prevent gnawing animals, it is necessary to wrap the trunks of young trees with matting, burlap or thick paper in the winter.

You should not overuse the application of nitrogenous fertilizers. The release of gum can also be caused by excess amounts of potassium and magnesium fertilizers.

It must also be remembered that most often the disease affects fruit trees that were planted in heavy, clayey and acidic soil.

At the first signs of the appearance of gum, you should carefully clean the place of its formation with a sharp knife, and cover the resulting damage with garden varnish. If the wound turns out to be quite impressive in size, it is advisable to apply a garden bandage on top of it.

A good preventative against the formation of gum is the environmentally friendly drug " Mikosan B

" They should treat the trees just before flowering begins.

Useful properties of gum

It is now reliably known that gum has a large number of healing properties. Tree resin contains a significant amount of tannins, as well as sugars and pectins that are valuable for the human body.

Gum is successfully used in medicine in the treatment of diabetes, respiratory organs, vascular diseases and gastrointestinal tract, since it cleanses the body well of toxins and wastes.

In addition, gum secretions have antibacterial properties, so wood resin is actively used in the perfume and cosmetics industry as a thickener and emulsifier.
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How to prevent non-communicable disease

It is much easier to prevent, since treating gum disease on cherries will take more time and effort.

Compliance with agricultural technology and the use of simple tips from professionals will help prevent the development of the disease, and therefore preserve the varietal tree:

Careful handling of the plant. Do not injure is the main rule of growing not only cherries, but also any other fruit plant. Some gardeners, especially beginners, fanatically tear off the old bark on the trunk and cut off the branches on a large scale. Stop this kind of treatment! The bark is a natural protector, and removing dead tissue leads to damage to living fibers. As a result, cherries are more susceptible to the negative effects of sun and frost.
Competent selection of varieties in accordance with the climatic characteristics of the region. Professionals recommend giving preference to zoned varieties.
Whitewashing trunks and skeletal branches is a reliable protector from the scorching spring sun. Wrapping the trunk in the winter with covering materials - burlap, spruce branches - will also help prevent gum deposition in cherries (what to do with this method).

Competent pruning in a precise time frame. Damaged branches and thickening during the dormant period should be pruned. The cut must be covered with a special garden varnish. Administer recommended medications in controlled doses in a timely manner. Watering with a manganese solution will help strengthen the plant's supporting forces. The product is used 2-3 times a year. Calcium chloride should also be used (10 ml of the substance per bucket of water).

Foreign gardeners who grow cherry orchards recommend using the furrowing method: shallow furrows are made along the circumference of the branches every 18-20 cm. The operation is repeated every 2 years. Also, a proven method of prevention is spraying the plant with a solution of copper sulfate (in winter, a 3% solution is prepared, in spring and summer - 1%). Treatment is carried out up to 4 times a year.

Treatment of the disease

What to do if resin appears on the cherry? Sometimes discovering the cause of a disease is the main factor in recovery. Still, to treat tar deposits you will need a sharp knife (disinfection in a manganese solution is required), a solution of copper sulfate and garden pitch.

Stages of treatment:

Clean the affected area on the trunk or branch. The cut is carried out right up to the appearance of healthy wood.
Treat the cut with a 1% solution of copper sulfate. After 10 minutes, repeat the procedure.
Cover the “wound” with garden varnish.
Observe the condition of the cut site.

The operation should be carried out with clean hands as carefully as possible. Additional mechanical damage to the tree is not necessary.

Carob gum

In products, it prevents the formation of crystals during cooling and maintains their gel-like structure. It is not fermented in the digestive tract and is excreted almost unchanged. It is considered a safe substance and is included in some infant formulas. A safe dose is considered to be a concentration of 0.1 to 1 percent of the total weight of the product.

Varieties of peaches resistant to disease

According to gardeners, peach tree species that have fruits with yellow, fleshy pulp are less likely to develop leaf curl. The greatest disease resistance to fungal diseases was recorded in the following varieties:

Golden Moscow;
Kyiv early;
Golden Jubilee;
Early Simferopol;
Kuban is early.

Regardless of what type of peach was chosen, prevention is the best way to protect the plant from curling. Peach plantations are pampered, heat-loving areas. The tree will quickly die if you do not follow agricultural practices and preventive options for protection against damage by fungi and pests.

Peach diseases and their treatment

The capriciousness of the peach extends to all aspects of agricultural practices, including diseases. Tender foliage, juicy peaches and tree wood are constantly attacked by a variety of fungi. It is the latter that are the causative agents of most peach diseases.

Leaf diseases

Most peach tree diseases are caused by fungal diseases. Violation of agricultural practices and unfavorable conditions almost always lead to the appearance of the most delicate part of the tree - leaves. Photos of affected fruits, trunks and leaves will help you recognize peach diseases.

Clusterosporiasis

Peach clasterosporiasis or hole spot is a dangerous disease that affects all above-ground parts of the tree. The causative agent is a fungus that penetrates all plant tissues. The fungus forms mycelium, which over time infects plant cells.

Fruit rot

This is one of the forms of moniliosis, since the disease is provoked by the same pathogen. In this case, the plant is affected directly through damage to the fruits caused by the codling moth or hail. The appearance of brown or brown spots is characteristic. Gradually they spread throughout the entire peel. By that time, circular clusters of gray dots have formed on it. These are fungal spores. You also need to keep in mind the fact that they have the ability to scatter throughout the area. The sooner action is taken, the fewer infected fruit trees there will be around.

To avoid this situation, you need to treat peach diseases in a timely manner. The scheme is usually as follows. In May, they practice spraying the buds with “Topsin M” (for powdery mildew, scab, moniliosis). After flowering, use “Delan” or “Horus” (alternating). As a result, your garden is protected from fungal diseases, and delicious fruits ripen on the branches and are waiting in the wings to get to the table.

How does the disease manifest itself and what is the danger of the disease?

Peach leaf curl is a fungal disease that is detected in the spring. It is with the arrival of warmth that the shoots grow vigorously and the fungus immediately overcomes the peaches. The disease appears on young foliage and shoots. Leaves that are 5 days old will become infected faster than their 2-week old counterparts.

The manifestation of the malaise is expressed in the form of vesicular tumors on the leaves. Initially they are light greenish in color, then they acquire an amber-reddish color, and then become brown with a waxy gray coating. This is where fungal spores mature.

The bubbles on the foliage gradually become brittle, the leaves themselves thicken, dry out, turn black and fall off. First the lower ones, then in the middle of the process. Eventually some leaves remain at the tip of the shoot.

Shoots at the age of 1-2 years and the branches themselves are affected. They acquire a yellow tint, thickening, curvature and soon dry out. Trees without shoots stop bearing fruit. The affected buds die off in the first year of infection without producing fruit. If they do form, they turn out deformed.

Symptoms of plant damage

The disease manifests itself at the very beginning of the growing season. Young, recently opened leaves have a yellowish or red-pink color and a corrugated surface.

The size of the affected leaves is much larger than healthy green ones. Over time, the lower part of the infected leaves acquires a waxy white coating - fungal sporulation. Diseased leaves soon turn brown and fall off, exposing the base of the shoot. Infected shoots dry out; those that survive, as a rule, freeze off at the onset of frost.

Absence or untimely spraying of peach seedlings against curling will ultimately lead to the entire tree being exposed. It is weakening and is unlikely to survive the next winter frost.

Causes and treatment

Gum discharge has a second name - gommosis. This is a painful condition of plants, the main symptom of which is the secretion of gum, and the sticky liquid appears not only on the trunks and branches, but even on the fruits and leaves.

Gum production is a tree’s reaction to unfavorable factors. These include:

mechanical damage to the trunk or branches;
overloading trees with fruits during a particularly fruitful season;
sudden temperature fluctuations;
sunburn;
freezing of trees in winter;
increased air humidity, characteristic of spring, autumn and winter thaws;
incompatibility of the scion with the rootstock;
heavy, clay soil;
increased doses of fertilizers, especially nitrogen;
excessive tree pruning;
failure to comply with pruning deadlines;
damage by insect pests;
fungal infections.

It is believed that most gommosis occurs due to damage to the bark - in this way the plant tries to close the wound. In addition, pathogens of fungal and viral infections, which are present everywhere, penetrate deep into the tissues of the tree through the gum. As a result, the tree increases the secretion of gum, weakens and may die.

In order not to lose the plant, it is necessary to take emergency measures when the first signs of gum disease appear. Treatment of fruit crops is carried out by “surgical” intervention:

Using a sharp, disinfected garden knife, cut the gum from the diseased area, capturing 4-5 mm of healthy tissue. In places of cracks, the gum is carefully cleaned out so that only healthy wood remains.
After cleaning, treat the wounds with a solution of copper sulfate (1%). To do this, just blot the cleaned areas with a sponge soaked in the solution. Then leave the tree for 1-2 days so that the solution is absorbed into the wood tissue and dries.
Carefully cover all cuts with garden varnish, trying not to miss a single millimeter of the surface. A garden bandage is applied to larger wounds.

As an alternative to sealing wounds, some gardeners use nigrolic putty or Kuzbasslak.

Treatment of trees with gum disease can be carried out in spring, summer or early autumn. If the treatment is carried out later, the wound will not have time to heal, and the tree may freeze in winter.

Causes of gum

Pear moniliosis - signs and causes of the disease

If gum disease appears on an apricot, every tree owner should know what to do. Methods of salvation must be determined, taking into account that this is not a disease, but only a symptom. There can be many reasons why an apricot secretes resin:

spread of bacterial or fungal infection;
increased air and soil humidity;
sunburn, freezing;
violation of agrotechnical measures: frequent watering, improper pruning, lack of vitamins;
pest damage.

Gum secretion is especially dangerous for apricots.

Resin also flows from plums and apricots in cases where there is incompatibility between the rootstocks and the scion.

How to prevent gum development

Gommosis can be avoided. To achieve this, a number of comprehensive measures are carried out:

Winter-hardy varieties of peaches are used in cold regions.
Select the correct soil and acidity level.
Before wintering, the soil is insulated with spruce branches, the trunk is wrapped in paper and planks. Fencing and insulation will protect against rodent attacks and temperature changes in the spring.
Take comprehensive measures against diseases and pests.
Trees are whitewashed in a timely manner to prevent burns.
Feeding peaches should be balanced.
During pruning, the tools are disinfected and the cuts are treated with garden varnish.
To prevent fungal diseases, rub the trunk with sorrel leaves. After drying, treat with garden varnish. The procedure is repeated three times.
In the spring, when the buds swell, the trees are sprayed with Bordeaux mixture or copper sulfate.
Fufanon is used against beetles as soon as they begin to fly. Thoroughly wet the trunks and branches.

After such procedures, the tree will not be damaged.

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What is gommosis?

The release of a sticky mass on tree trunks is a disease called gommosis (gum). Mostly stone fruit plants suffer: peach, cherry, plum.

Trees react to various types of damage. The process occurs in young wood. Cambium does not form new bark elements outside or inside. The biological functioning of cells is disrupted. As a result, new cells appear, inside which starch accumulates.

Over time, the amount of intercellular substance increases, and the shell cannot withstand it and cracks. Then the cell membrane and starch dissolve. As a result of decomposition, a liquid, sweetish mass flows onto the surface of the trunk and hardens, forming gum.

How to prevent gum development

Gommosis can be avoided. To achieve this, a number of comprehensive measures are carried out:

Winter-hardy varieties of peaches are used in cold regions.
Select the correct soil and acidity level.
Before wintering, the soil is insulated with spruce branches, the trunk is wrapped in paper and planks. Fencing and insulation will protect against rodent attacks and temperature changes in the spring.
Take comprehensive measures against diseases and pests.
Trees are whitewashed in a timely manner to prevent burns.
Feeding peaches should be balanced.
During pruning, the tools are disinfected and the cuts are treated with garden varnish.
To prevent fungal diseases, rub the trunk with sorrel leaves. After drying, treat with garden varnish. The procedure is repeated three times.
In the spring, when the buds swell, the trees are sprayed with Bordeaux mixture or copper sulfate.
Fufanon is used against beetles as soon as they begin to fly. Thoroughly wet the trunks and branches.

After such procedures, the tree will not be damaged.

How to treat gum on peach

When a thick mass appears, special attention is paid to wounds and cracks. The glue is thoroughly cleaned down to living tissue