Vegetable growing » Cabbage
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Kira Stoletova
Yubileiny cabbage is recommended for planting in household plots, garden plots and small farms. It is unpretentious in agricultural technology compared to other crops.
Features of Yubileiny cabbage
Description of the Yubileiny cabbage variety
The originator is agro. The main goal when breeding the Yubileiny F1 cabbage variety was to obtain a hybrid that has a relatively short ripening period and at the same time can be stored for a long time. Overall, the originator coped with the task. The ripening period for Yubileiny cabbage ranges from 90 to 100 days. It can be stored for 5-6 months.
The number of outer leaves of the Yubileiny variety rarely exceeds 5-6 pieces
Externally, it is an ordinary white cabbage, having a round or slightly flattened shape and a white-green color. The leaf blades are slightly oblong, with a strong seal at the base. The diameter of the heads is about 22 cm. The weight of ripened cabbage is from 1.5 to 2 kg.
Attention! In some cases, the outer leaves of the Yubileinaya variety have a slightly corrugated structure.
The best mid-season varieties
Mid-season varieties require a longer period for ripening - from 130 to 145 days. These varieties, unlike early ripening ones, contain more sugar and vitamin C. They are suitable for short-term storage and are suitable for pickling, pickling and other pickles.
Rinda
Hybrid from Dutch breeders. Experts recommend growing it in the Central and Volga-Vyatka regions of Russia, but gardeners in Siberia and the North-Western region also cultivate it without any tricks.
The fork is round, very dense, weighing from 3.2 to 3.7 kg, prone to cracking. When cut, it has a yellow-white color. The leaves are thin, elastic, light green. The stalk is short.
Rinda has high yields, tolerates temperature changes, is immune to various diseases, but suffers from attacks by pests - white butterflies, cruciferous flea beetles and slugs. However, this hybrid does not tolerate prolonged droughts and needs plenty of sunlight.
Tobia
Another Dutch hybrid, which is intended for cultivation in most regions of Russia, with the exception of the Northern, Central Black Earth, North Caucasus, Lower Volga and Far Eastern regions. The head of cabbage has a round shape and weighs a maximum of 3 kg.
The leaves are gray-green with a waxy coating of medium intensity. They are thin, without coarse veins. The cutout of the forks is painted white. When overripe, it does not crack. Cabbage is immune to Fusarium wilt. If overwatered, the lower leaves may rot. Cabbage can be stored for no more than 3 months.
Slava 1305
Soviet variety, bred in 1938. It can be grown in all regions of the Russian Federation. The head is round or round-flat, medium or large in size, dense. Weight can reach up to 7.9 kg, minimum - 2 kg.
The leaves are medium-sized, finely wrinkled, round, grayish-green or green, covered with a weak or medium layer of waxy coating. There is no point in delaying harvesting, as cabbage is prone to cracking. The variety is not resistant to clubroot, Fusarium wilt and vascular bacteriosis.
Present
Another Soviet variety, which still does not lose popularity among gardeners and is intended for cultivation throughout Russia. The variety is characterized by high yield, seedling resistance to frost and is suitable for long-term storage (up to 5 months).
The head of cabbage is resistant to cracking. The fork is rounded or rounded-flat, very dense with an average weight of 3.5 kg. The leaves are wrinkled, gray-green in color with a strong or medium waxy coating. The edges are slightly wavy.
Belorusskaya 455
This cabbage is considered one of the best for pickling and is cultivated in all regions of the Russian Federation, with the exception of the North Caucasus and Lower Volga districts. This is a moisture-loving, cold-resistant variety that prefers to grow only on fertile soils and is demanding on soil moisture.
The head of cabbage is round, very dense, weighing up to 4 kg, and is not prone to cracking. The leaves are slightly wrinkled or smooth, and the color varies from gray-green to dark green. The stalk is short. The variety is not immune to clubroot and vascular bacteriosis.
Menza F1
A Dutch hybrid that is drought-resistant and high-yielding. The round-flat head of cabbage is very dense, colored white in cross-section, weighing from 4 to 9 kg, and resistant to cracking. The leaves are gray-green and completely covered with a waxy layer.
The hybrid is grown in almost all regions of Russia. Its advantage is its resistance to powdery mildew, tobacco mosaic and bacteriosis, however, it does not have immunity to clubroot. Cabbage can also suffer greatly from pests - cabbage flea beetles and aphids.
Aggressor
A Dutch hybrid that has taken root throughout Russia, with the exception of the Arkhangelsk and Murmansk regions and the Republics of Karelia and Komi. The head is dense, medium in size and round in shape. In cross section it has a yellow-white color.
The leaves are green with a strong waxy coating. They are round, slightly bubbly, and slightly wavy along the edge. The plant is resistant to fusarium and is not damaged by cruciferous flea beetles and thrips, thanks to its rough leaves. The greatest danger to “Aggressor” is represented by whiteflies and aphids; the plant is affected by diseases of fungal origin.
Cabbage tolerates unfavorable weather conditions, lack of nitrogen in the soil, and can grow on depleted soils. When salting, bitterness may appear.
Advantages and disadvantages
The positive properties of the hybrid include:
- relatively short ripening periods;
- storage duration up to six months;
- excellent taste raw and fermented;
- high resistance to almost all diseases;
Negative properties are:
- deterioration of taste during heat treatment.
Jubilee cabbage is a typical representative of salad vegetables. It is practically not used for preparing hot dishes and baking.
History of selection
Jubilee cabbage is a first generation hybrid (F1). Brought out in Russia on the basis of an experimental breeding station. N. N. Timofeeva. Employees of the company, which is the main supplier of seeds, took part in the work. The variety is registered in the register of genetic achievements (accepted in 1998).
The hybrid successfully passed tests, during which it showed resistance to various climatic conditions. Therefore, Yubileiny cabbage can be grown in almost any region of Russia, from the center and south to Siberia and the Far East.
Planting and caring for Yubileiny cabbage
It is recommended to grow Yubileiny cabbage in open ground. When planting seeds in mid-April, the harvest will be obtained in the second ten days of July. If earlier cultivation is required, use the seedling method.
In this case, the seeds are planted in boxes in early March. The seeding material is buried 1 cm. As soon as the seedlings appear, the boxes with seedlings are placed in a bright place with a low temperature (from + 5 ° C to + 8 ° C). Planting in open ground is carried out 35-40 days after the seed hatches. Planting pattern – 60x50 cm or 60x70 cm.
Planting in open ground occurs when the hybrid has three or more leaves.
Caring for Yubileiny cabbage consists of watering and fertilizing. Soil treatment is also required in the form of loosening and hilling as necessary. Watering is carried out at intervals of several days, while focusing on the moisture content of the top layer of soil. Recommended norms are up to 20-30 liters per 1 sq. m.
Fertilizing is done three times per season. The first is carried out in early May. In this case, organic fertilizers are used in the form of a solution of mullein or chicken droppings. The second is performed about a month later, using the same composition. The third feeding is mineral (phosphorus-potassium mixture in standard concentration for cabbage, no more than 50 g per 1 sq. m). It is applied 1-2 weeks before the expected harvest date.
Important! The indicated application times are for crops planted in open ground. When grown by seedlings, they are carried out 1-1.5 months earlier.
Use of cabbage on the farm
This vegetable has long been widely used in folk medicine. What do you think was the purpose of Pythagoras growing it? I tried the beneficial effects of cabbage leaves on myself when I gave birth to my eldest son. I had a lot of milk for feeding, and sometimes it stagnated.
Sauerkraut juice, for example, helps restore the body after a long period of cold weather. It saturates the body with vitamin C and, thus, is a natural prevention of spring vitamin deficiency. Liquid extracted from fresh cabbage leaves has wound-healing properties, cleanses the body of toxins, relieves colds, and reduces joint pain.
Face masks with the addition of cabbage are widely used in folk cosmetology. It saturates the skin with nutrients, whitens it, smoothes wrinkles, and improves tone. And this natural remedy gives smoothness and dazzling shine to your hair.
Very often these vegetables, or more precisely, the waste from them in the form of leaves, are used to feed livestock. Such food is cheap for people and nutritious for animals.
White cabbage, by the way, can be not only tasty and healthy, but also beautiful. Caring Japanese breeders have developed a number of ornamental varieties of this plant. So, for example, its headless garden variety is a rosette, in which the outer leaves are painted green, and the inner leaves, tightly adjacent to each other, are bright and pale pink, lilac, purple
If you plant this variety in a flowerbed, in the fall you will get huge flowers that attract attention and are pleasing to the eye.
How to grow cabbage at home?
Cabbage can be grown in a city apartment
To do this, it is important to prepare the soil, consisting of a mixture of turf soil (or peat), ash and humus
The prepared seed should be pre-stratified, that is, treated with cold to increase its viability, disinfected and germinate. Before sowing, the soil is moistened, and the first shoots are thinned out and planted (transplanted from a smaller container to a larger one).
If you don’t know how to care for this plant, just remember one simple saying: “Cabbage loves water and good weather!” Try to provide your seedlings with enough light from the window and a fluorescent lamp, do not allow the soil to dry out, and also provide the young leaves with warm air, the temperature of which ranges from +18 to +20 °C. And then cute round heads of cabbage will settle in your house.
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Diseases and pests
The most common disease affecting the hybrid is clubroot. External manifestations include wilting of the leaves and subsequent death of the plant.
The cause of the disease is a fungus that leads to the appearance of growths on the rhizome
There is no treatment; affected specimens must be dug up and destroyed off-site. Preventive measures to combat the disease include pre-planting soil treatment with slaked lime (up to 500 g per 1 sq. m) and other methods of reducing its acidity. Clubroot does not appear on alkaline soils.
The main pest of the Yubileinaya variety is the cabbage moth. Considering the timing of ripening, the plant can be affected by the first and second generations of the insect.
Cabbage moth larvae make large holes in the leaves of the Yubileiny variety.
Pest control is carried out using chemical and biological agents. An effective remedy against moths will be the insecticides Butizan or Decis. The bacteriological drugs Bitoxbacilin and Dendrobacilin have also proven themselves well.
