Bellefleur Bashkir apple tree: description of the variety and its photo, features of planting, cultivation and care Selo.Guru

What type does it belong to?

Early winter Bellefleur Bashkir is a sweet food variety with high taste.
It was bred for the steppe and forest-steppe zones of the Urals, widespread in Tatarstan and Bashkortostan.

Among the winter varieties, the following varieties also demonstrate good taste: Nimfa, Orlovsky Sinap, Kandil Orlovsky, Aport and Orlik.

Chinese Bellefleur apple tree: how to properly plant a tree and care for it.

Planting time.

In mid-latitudes, it is recommended to grow apple trees in the spring, from the 15th of April. The variety can also be planted in the autumn season after leaf fall, 15-25 days before the start of frosty periods. The condition of the soil and weather conditions will tell you exactly when to plant a tree. Cultivation of this variety is required in the same way as planting other apple varieties.

Algorithm of actions for growing a Chinese Bellefleur apple tree

You should select a site for cultivation. The soil should not be heavy. It is preferable to cultivate on loamy and sandy soils.
The area should be well ventilated and should also be lit. This must be taken into account in order to prevent fungal infections.
Clay and peat soils, as well as those places where groundwater lies high, are not suitable for planting.

The correct choice of seedling is very important. It is advisable to purchase it from a trusted nursery. It is better to buy a two-year-old plant. The root system should not be damaged, the roots should be moist and alive.

Make sure that the root system does not dry out. Wrap the roots in moistened material. Place the root system in a bag of moistened sawdust. It is necessary to dig in the roots if planting is not done right away. Before planting, you need to dip the roots in mash. By purchasing a seedling with a closed root system, it will be easier for you, but it will be more expensive.
Next, you need to prepare the hole for planting in advance. If you plan to plant an apple tree in the spring, then the planting hole is prepared in the autumn season, but if in the autumn season, then 14-21 days before planting.
The soil is not always suitable for cultivating apple trees. But you can prepare a microclimate for the plant in a planting hole. You need to fill the pit with organic matter (compost fertilizer, humus, ash) and minerals (superphosphate).
The size of the hole depends on the size of the root system. Typically, the diameter of the planting hole is 0.8-1.2 m, and the depth is 0.6-0.8 m. But the size can be larger. The soil will tell you about it. Fertile soil should occupy ½ of the planting hole.
Sand and peat are added to clayey soil, and clay is added to sandy soil.
Then plant the plant. The planting should be watered with 2-3 buckets of water. Next, carry out mulching.
By the way, the root collar should rise above the surface soil level by 4-7 cm. This is after the soil settles.
When installing a seedling in a hole, tie it to a support.
The interval between apple trees should be 4-6 meters, no less. For good pollination, varieties are planted at a distance of less than 45-50 meters from each other.

Varieties that can pollinate the Bellefleur Chinese apple tree: “Brown striped”, “Autumn striped”, “Antonovka vulgaris”, “Pepin saffron”, “Slavyanka”.

Agrotechnical practices have a very good effect on productivity and the development of immunity to diseases.

To tolerate low temperature conditions, carry out preventive treatments with copper-containing fungicides: Bordeaux mixture, copper sulfate, copper oxychloride and various complexes. Use insecticides against harmful insects. Digging and mulching of the soil, regular watering (especially in the first year after planting), and application of fertilizers are also carried out. Nitrogen-containing fertilizers will “contribute” to fungal infections. And potassium and phosphorus fertilizers will help improve immunity. Apple trees should be well prepared for the winter season.

Bellefleur Chinese apple tree: procedure for pruning and crown formation

A very important preventive measure against fungal infections. Apple trees begin to be pruned at 2-3 years of age. Pruning is carried out early in the spring until the sap begins to flow. Dried, damaged and repeated branches are removed. The crown should be sparse for good ventilation and the sun to reach the branches. Circumcision is performed with clean and sharpened instruments. Sections must be treated with garden varnish or oil paint.

Pollination

This variety of fruit trees is self-fertile; pollination occurs through proximity to other apple trees.

Fertilizers can be : Antonovka, Bashkir handsome, Anise Sverdlovsk, Titovka seedling, Titovka and any other varieties that coincide in the flowering period.

Fragrant flowers are resistant to early morning spring frosts.

Diseases and pests

The main damage to Bellefleur Bashkir is caused by:
Apple codling moth (caterpillars damage fruits and contribute to large drops). To get rid of the codling moth, double spraying with a solution of Parisian greens (strong poison) in proportions of 100 g per 16 buckets of water is carried out immediately after flowering and in early June, when the ovary has reached the size of a hazelnut.

Apple aphid . Destroyed with a solution of 200 g of crushed laundry soap per bucket of warm water with the addition of one glass of thick tobacco decoction (shag), a quarter glass of kerosene, ground with a half glass of wood ash. It is advisable to dip infected branches into a bowl of mixture or treat them with a sponge or large brush.

Scab , a fungal disease, appears as a grayish-greenish coating on the wrinkled bark of a tree. It is removed by spraying diseased trunks with 2% Bordeaux mixture in early spring. Treatment should occur before buds develop and shoots appear.

It is also worth taking measures against fruit sapwood, leafmining moths, hawthorns and silkworms.

Growing a good harvest of apples is a gardener's dream. It becomes real if you plant good varieties of fruit trees. Bellefleur Bashkir is one of these.

Its advantages are excellent taste (sweet), average frost resistance, high yield, good transportability and shelf life.

Description of the Bellefleur Bashkir variety

The Bellefleur Bashkir apple trees inherited from their parents the slenderness and strong planting of round fruits on the branches. Let us dwell in more detail on the distinctive features of this fruit plant.

The tree is medium-sized, of a classic round structure with branches at right angles, the ends of which are directed upward.

The Bellefleur Bashkir apple tree has thick and strong branches and tolerates winter frosts quite well.

The leaf blades are large.

The tree is suitable for the role of a mother plant during hybridization; the root system easily accepts transplantation to a new location.

The fruits of Bellefleur Bashkir have a slightly elongated oval-round shape . The color is greenish, browned on one side with pink-red stripes and specks. The size of the apples is small, up to 150 g.

The apples have medium-length stalks, deeply planted in the funnel of the fruiting body. The seed nest is small with closed chambers, the seeds are medium-sized.

The tender pulp of apples has a light, fine-grained structure, a piquant sweet taste with a strong, pleasant aroma.

Ripening and fruiting of Bellefleur Bashkir

Beginning of fruiting

The variety can be called early-fruiting. The buds on it may bloom for the first time in 2-3 years, but it is better to cut them off. They are unlikely to form apples, most likely they are barren flowers. Therefore, it is better that the tree does not waste extra energy on flowering. You can start harvesting the first crops in 4-5 years. You don’t have to expect a lot of fruit then, but you can still collect a few dozen apples for testing.

Flowering time

It is believed that Bellefleur Bashkir flowering occurs in the middle period. By the beginning of May, beautiful rich pink buds appear on it, which by the middle or towards the end of the month bloom into delicate whitish-pink flowers, large, beautiful and strongly fragrant. The process lasts approximately 12-16 days, so the bees and the wind have enough time to carry out cross-pollination.

Fruiting and growth

The trees do not grow slowly, but also not extremely quickly, expelling approximately 55-70 centimeters per year. They very quickly become as tall as possible, beginning to produce full harvests. Already in 8-9 years there will be a really large number of apples. The yield increases gradually, and then remains with minor fluctuations within the same limits.

Picking maturity occurs at the end of August, but it is still better to pick apples at the beginning of September, so as not to make a mistake. Apples do not crumble, but they can become liquid and translucent, then they can no longer be stored and require immediate processing. In the cellar, fruits collected on time can last no less than mid-to-late February, and in a special refrigerator until early March. They can be transported very well in boxes in 2-3 layers.