How to treat the soil with copper sulfate before planting

Being one of the most accessible and cheapest, treating the soil with copper sulfate before planting is practiced by many gardeners on all types of soils and in any climate.
The main effect achieved from the use of copper sulfate is the inhibition of fungal spores, a negative effect on some insect pests, and repelling rodents. At the same time, copper, which predominates in the composition of the substance, is one of the key microelements for the proper development of all types of plants. Dear readers! For you, we have created communities on social networks in which useful articles and interesting ideas are published several times a day! Subscribe and receive useful content in a convenient format!

Why till the soil before planting?

The main task that copper sulfate copes with is disinfecting the soil from harmful flora and fauna.

Copper sulfate is a crystalline substance that easily dissolves in liquids. It is copper sulfate, diluted in different concentrations with water, that is used in vegetable gardens and orchards. Moreover, being a rather mild agent for soil and garden crops (subject to small concentrations), it can be equally easily used for prevention and for getting rid of proliferating pests or raging diseases.

There are several problems that copper sulfate successfully solves:

1. Inhibits the development and growth of spores of fungal diseases . In this case, the substance does not destroy fungal infections that have already developed at the time of use, but seriously stops their growth. If you use the product together with a binding soap solution, it lingers longer on the stems and leaves, thereby providing a lasting effect.
2. protection against infectious diseases of plants and even some pests, including rodents, is activated
3. The composition of the soil improves , since the available copper allows crops to better absorb various compounds of potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, etc., and therefore produce a better harvest. A lack of copper, on the contrary, leads to a deterioration in the processes of respiration and photosynthesis.
4. The immunity of garden crops increases , since it is known that copper sulfate stimulates resistance to cold snaps and sudden temperature changes in general. Garden crops also tolerate possible fluctuations in humidity less painfully.

At the same time, the effectiveness of the product is high enough for it to be used not only in private gardening, but also in large agricultural complexes.

General cleaning of the greenhouse

General cleaning includes not only disinfection of the structure itself inside and out: tools, auxiliary items and structures, and soil need to be treated and disinfected.

Deadlines

In autumn, harvesting is carried out immediately after harvesting, before the onset of frost. Repair work may be needed, which is more convenient to carry out in the warm season:

• rust removal and painting;
• replacement of damaged parts of the structure.

Did you know? Monolithic polycarbonate was invented in 1955. The material was used only in the space and military industries.

Step by Step Actions

The more thoroughly the cleaning is done, the less risk of diseases and pests appearing in the beds.

Cleaning of additional structures

Greenhouses may contain water tanks and heating devices, which also need to be removed and washed.

All equipment needs to be removed and cleaned:

• tools;
• supports for garter;
• racks;
• cabinets;
• buckets;
• wire, etc.

Complete removal of debris and plant debris

After harvesting, you need to carefully collect all inedible parts of the plants. It is strongly recommended to dig up the soil to remove any debris that may contain eggs or larvae, spores and bacteria over the winter. Mulch also needs to be removed - it is the most likely breeding ground for pathogenic microorganisms.

Did you know? Cellular polycarbonate was invented by the Israelis in 1976, which allowed them to grow record crop yields in the desert. This is why the country is called a paradise oasis.

Washing

The greenhouse should be washed both outside and inside. For thorough cleaning work, you will need brushes with long handles, with soft but short bristles that can penetrate into crevices at joints and seams. Polycarbonate cannot be cleaned with aggressive chemicals and detergents containing abrasive particles, as this can damage the structure of the material and affect its light and heat conductivity. For washing, it is better to use laundry soap (grate it and dissolve it in water) or baking soda, which destroys most bacteria.

Video: how to wash a polycarbonate greenhouse

Disinfection of the entire structure

Disinfection methods are discussed in detail above. We only need to add that when choosing a product, you should carefully read the instructions for it. Perhaps this particular drug is not suitable for polycarbonate. Also consider how often a particular product can be used indoors when growing table crops. For example, fumigation with a sulfur bomb is recommended to be used no more than once every 5 years.

Disinfection and soil treatment

Soil treatment against diseases can be carried out using several methods:

• biological - planting green manure in the fall;
• exposure to high temperatures - the beds are spilled with hot water (100°C), covered with non-woven moisture-resistant material;
• chemical - spill with prepared solutions (copper sulfate, bleach, Fitosporin).

Find out more about how to treat soil in a greenhouse in the fall against diseases and pests.

When to treat before planting, how to choose the time

Copper sulfate is traditionally applied in the spring before planting, when the snow has completely melted and life processes in the garden are just awakening. Most often, the substance is used for processing along branches, so then they try to do it before the buds open.

Tilling the soil with copper sulfate before planting usually occurs in mid- and late April. Less often in early May. In this case, spring tillage is more preferable, since before planting it is possible to enrich the soil with copper, which will later be used by plants for flowering and fruiting.

It is important to use copper sulfate strictly in the prescribed doses. It is known that excess copper leads to inhibition in plant development and therefore will do more harm than good.

It is for this reason that tillage before planting is done once for the entire season. And only if in the future you cannot do without copper sulfate, then additional procedures are carefully performed. As a rule, already in the warm season, the product is applied to the leaf and targeted to the affected areas.

IMPORTANT! Here's an example. Tilling the soil with a 6% solution of copper sulfate before planting is carried out urgently and only in case of very severe damage by any pathogens. Treatment with such a concentrated product is even called “etching,” and it is not recommended to grow anything at the site of application for at least a year.

All types of processing are carried out in dry weather, when there is no strong wind. It is preferable to schedule work either early in the morning or in the evening. It is also possible to work during the day, but then cloudy weather without rain is desirable.

Preventive procedures are also acceptable in the fall. There are no strict prohibitions at this time of year, but this happens less often, since the efficiency of processing drops significantly, because copper will be washed out to one degree or another during the winter and the subsequent melting of snow.

Release form and cost

Copper sulfate for treating tomatoes against late blight can be found on sale in the following forms:

• In the form of a dry powder, packaged in plastic bags or bottles. This packaging of vitriol is intended not only for growing vegetables, but also for other purposes (for example, builders etch moldy corners of rooms with vitriol solution during repairs, and technicians use it for galvanic treatment of copper surfaces.). Vitriol powder is packaged in bags from 100 g to 25 kg.
• In the form of a concentrate for the preparation of Bordeaux mixture. In this case, it is packaged in plastic bottles with a volume of usually about 500 ml.

The cost of vitriol is about 300 rubles per bottle of Bordeaux mixture concentrate and from 130 to 200 rubles per 1 kg of powder. The price varies depending on the quality of purification and concentration.

Before planting which plants can the soil be treated with copper sulfate?

Let's look at this question in more detail.

Tomatoes and potatoes

It is believed that treating the soil with copper sulfate before planting tomatoes and potatoes is especially effective, since these crops are especially “loved” by various harmful late blight.

Moreover, either preventive treatments before winter or spring work are applicable.

Often, seed potatoes are treated with copper sulfate before placing them in a warm place for germination just before planting. In all cases, a preventive concentration of 100 g of the substance per 10 liters of water is suitable. It is also possible to prepare a combined mixture: 50 g of copper sulfate, 100 g of boric acid and 10 g of manganese per 10-liter bucket of clean water.

Currant

Shrubs are treated before the gardening season, and in case of damage to the leaves and trunk by various diseases.

A 1% solution of copper sulfate is suitable, which is applied in an approximate ratio of 1.5 liters for each bush (and the ground under it).

Strawberry

A special processing technique is observed when caring for strawberries. Typically, gardeners use a weak solution of copper sulfate (no more than 50 g per 10 liters of water), spraying both the ground and the bushes at the same time.

It is still permissible to treat strawberry mustaches as a preventive measure before replanting. True, for this purpose an even weaker solution is taken (10-20 g of copper sulfate per 10 liters of water), into which each shoot is dipped for 2-3 minutes, and then washed well with water.

Grape

Untreated grapes will almost certainly suffer from mildew or oidium. Therefore, in the spring it is necessary to treat the plants with a 1% solution of copper sulfate even before the buds open. Both the branches and the soil under the grapes are treated.

This crop can be processed later in the summer. But a month before harvest, all treatments are definitely excluded.

Roses (all garden flowers)

The roots are treated with copper sulfate before replanting: 50 g of crystals per 5 liters of water. The root is dipped in the composition for a few minutes, then washed with running water and planted.

It is permissible to treat affected flowering plants with no more than a 0.5% solution of copper sulfate.

Trees

Copper sulfate is also actively and widely used for treating stone fruit trees (quince, peach, apricot, etc.), as well as apple, pear, and plum trees. The product is used to prevent diseases, pests, and in the warm season to combat already developed unwanted infections, fungi, and insects.

Again, 1-1.5 months before harvest, all treatments should be stopped.

Disinfection options before planting in the ground

It is believed that steam treatment is a more gentle method than calcination over fire. But at the same time, quite reliable.

• it is necessary to prepare a large container, for example a tank;
• lay bricks or an iron grate on the bottom;
• pour water below the level of the bricks;
• place soil in a canvas bag or fabric bag on the lattice or bricks;
• cover the tank with a lid, put on fire and steam the soil in a water bath for about two hours.

Calcination of soil in the oven

• line a colander with a cloth;
• fill a large saucepan with water and wait until it boils;
• Reduce heat and hang a colander with soil over the pan. Or install it on top so that the water does not touch the ground;
• warm up for half an hour. Steam penetrating the soil sterilizes it.

Steaming the soil can also be done in a double boiler, in a special container.

There is one caveat: heat treatment kills both pests and beneficial microflora. This means that the above procedures must be done in advance in order to have time to restore the soil before planting.

Some plant growers recommend combining both temperature methods. First, steam it, then take it out into the cold.

This is one of the most convenient and simple methods of cleaning the soil from harmful microorganisms that still remain in it after freezing. This way you will finally get rid of clubroot or late blight pathogens, which are not afraid of negative temperatures.

If you have prepared some soil mixture, an ordinary 5-10 liter pan and a colander will be enough for you:

• Line the bottom of a colander with a thick cloth and place the soil in it.
• Fill the saucepan with water to 1/3 - ½ volume, place on medium heat and wait until it boils.
• Place a colander on top and set a timer for 20-30 minutes.

If you don't have a colander in the kitchen, do it a little differently.

Pour water into a large, tall saucepan so that it fills ¼ to 1/3 of the volume. Place a piece of cotton fabric over the top of the dish so that the ends hang freely over the edges. Tie them with strong twine. But make sure that there is a small depression left in the center of the fabric - this is where you will place the seedling soil.

If you want to disinfect 5-10 liters of soil or more, there is no point in fiddling with a saucepan. There is another cool way to do this:

• Take a spacious tank, place it on the stove and place 1-2 bricks on the bottom - as many as will fit.
• Pour water into the bowl so that its level does not reach the top of the bricks.
• Place a bucket on them, in the walls and bottom of which you drill small holes in advance.
• Place seedling soil in a bucket and steam for 1-2 hours after the water boils.

Wet steam treatment kills harmful bacteria and moisturizes the substrate for seedlings. If you didn't catch the essence of the technology from the description, watch a short video.

How does copper sulfate affect plants?

It is well known that copper in the soil is an essential chemical element for the proper development of all plants without exception. With its help, oxidative and metabolic processes occur during the growing season. Copper is involved in the process of photosynthesis. Thanks to the microelement, plants grow normally, bloom in a timely manner and bear fruit abundantly. The quality of fruits increases: more starch is formed in potatoes, and sugar in berries and fruits.

DANGER! Excessive accumulation of copper in the soil is harmful. In this case, this has an adverse effect on the plants: they bear less fruit, the harvest is small and of low quality. It is known that cabbage reacts especially strongly to the abundance of copper in the soil, reducing its yield several times.

That is why it is important to follow the dosage when treating the land with copper sulfate before planting and not to apply treatments frequently (for the most part, once a year is enough).

Advantages and disadvantages of application

The main advantages of copper sulfate are:

• prolonged action – tomatoes will be protected for up to 1 month after treatment;
• multidisciplinary application, which allows you to cope with diseases and viruses 100%, covering not only tomato seedlings, but also the planting site;
• low cost;
• economical consumption of substances;
• the ability to spray bushes with fruits and eat them after a minimum period of time.

Unfortunately, there are disadvantages to the use of copper sulfate. These include:

• in case of overdose, you can burn the bush;
• It is difficult to independently determine the required dosage.

Interesting! The effectiveness of copper sulfate decreases if the air temperature is above +20 degrees.

What pests can I use copper sulfate to treat the soil against?

Copper sulfate solutions have insecticidal properties and are therefore effective against small and large insects, even some types of rodents.

Insects

Among the insect pests that do not tolerate treatment with copper sulfate: codling moth, aphid, scale insect, copperhead, flower beetle, gall midge, raspberry beetle, silkworm caterpillars, hawthorn, and moths.

Rodents

Copper sulfate will be harmful against field mice, and etching with the product can even drive away moles for a while.

Precautions when working with the drug

It should be remembered: copper sulfate is a substance of class III hazard. Despite the relatively low toxicity for humans (the lethal dose for an adult is about 10 g), poisoning is possible, so the following rules should be observed when working:

1. The solution must be prepared only in a separate container. Once used for eating, it should no longer be used.
2. Contact with solutions and dry vitriol should only be done with rubber gloves.
3. When spraying plants, you should wear safety glasses and, if possible, a respirator or gauze bandage to avoid inhaling the spray sprayed in the air.
4. The vitriol solution should be applied pointwise. Its use is permissible only in small garden plots; this drug is not used in the industrial cultivation of tomatoes.
5. After completing the treatment, you should wash the exposed skin with soap and, if possible, change clothes and take a shower.

During spraying, there should be only one person in the work area - the gardener himself with the sprayer. Neither strangers nor animals should be there at this time.

How to make working solutions of copper sulfate for cultivating land, recipes

There are three types of solutions based on copper sulfate.

Medicinal (standard) recipe

The most common format used for cultivating the land before planting. Most often, 200-300 g of copper sulfate per 10 liters of clean warm water is used. Approximate consumption of the finished solution: 2 liters per square meter of area.

Processing in season

If diseases or pests are rampant directly during the active growing season, then copper sulfate can also help. But it is not recommended to use concentrated solutions, but only those that contain approximately 1% of the active substance (100 g per 10 liters of water).

It is better to apply it pointwise, treating only the affected areas of plants.

"Etching"

Areas particularly affected by pests and diseases are treated with a 6% copper sulfate solution. In this case, 600 g of the substance is added per 10 liters of water, the soil is spilled in the spring, and nothing should be grown on it for the next year.

Some recipes suggest adding doses of copper sulfate to the solution in tablespoons or matchboxes. So remember:

• in a tablespoon there are about 16 g of copper sulfate;
• a matchbox holds 23 g of crystals.

With such measuring containers, knowing their exact volume, you can easily prepare all the necessary recipes and not be afraid to overdo it before planting.

How to treat the soil against late blight in spring

You can start by improving the soil health. To do this, you will have to use compost, to which you add special preparations. For example, “Baikal EM” or “Shine”. With their help, it will be possible to restore the number of microorganisms that are necessary for the normal development of cultivated plants.

But this is still not enough; special treatment of the land against late blight will be required in the spring. If the greenhouse could not be opened for the winter so that the ground in it is thoroughly frozen, then the soil can be thoroughly spilled with boiling water. You can also pour boiling water into the soil in the greenhouse in the fall. after harvesting when preparing the greenhouse for winter. Then cover it with film. This will ensure better soil steaming. It is only recommended to use this method of treating the soil against late blight in early spring. It is then that there is a chance to destroy late blight in this way.

Later, potassium permanganate will disinfect the soil well. Some summer residents mix it with chopped garlic. You can use not only the cloves, but also the leaves. One hundred grams of this plant needs to be crushed and poured with a glass of boiling water. Let it sit and then pour it into a bucket of water with one gram of potassium permanganate. It should be remembered that the maximum effect will be achieved only with good soil moisture. After such treatment, it is recommended to water the beds with a solution of beneficial microorganisms, for example, phytosporin. It will need to be taken in the proportion of 1 tbsp. spoon per liter of water. You need to use up this entire bucket for one square meter of soil.

Those gardeners who are fundamentally against chemicals in their garden will find information about traditional methods useful. Decoctions of pine needles or nettles are effective. In both cases, you will need half a bucket of branches or grass, which you need to pour boiling water over. It is enough to simply infuse the nettle, but the pine branches will have to be boiled for 20 minutes.

Treating the soil against late blight in the spring also includes digging. You can dig the soil in both spring and autumn. As already mentioned, under no circumstances should you bury tomato tops. Just burn it. She is a carrier of late blight. To treat the soil in the greenhouse, you can bury the stems of marigolds, calendula and dill shallowly (so that they have time to rot) with a pitchfork in the fall. This will disinfect the soil and fertilize it. We also recommend planting mustard in a greenhouse after harvesting. This is an excellent green fertilizer.

Late blight on tomatoes is a problem that harms not only novice gardeners, but also those who have sufficient experience in growing this crop. Therefore, do not despair. And carefully read all the recommendations. Then purchase early-ripening varieties of tomatoes that are resistant to late blight, which will have time to produce a harvest before the disease gains strength. And of course, carry out thorough sanitization. Experienced gardeners advise combining different methods. This achieves the best effect in the fight against late blight.

Can copper sulfate be used in greenhouses?

The treatment of soil with copper sulfate also has its own peculiarities for greenhouses. If you carry out the procedure in the fall, then in the spring you can safely do gardening without worrying about colonies of harmful microorganisms or insects remaining in the greenhouse.

The only important point is that treatment is needed not only on the soil, but also on the entire internal surface of the greenhouse. It’s even better if before treatment you clean all areas where there is mold, remove plant debris and debris. And in order for the copper sulfate to linger longer before wintering, it is ideal to spray a weak soap solution in the greenhouse before it.

It's all in the soil

The healthier the soil, the stronger the seedlings that grow on it, this is an axiom. But not everyone has the opportunity to purchase ready-made soil for seedlings every year. So practitioners are thinking about how to disinfect last year’s or vegetable garden soil.

Before planting seedlings, the soil must be decontaminated to destroy bacteria and pest eggs.

It’s even better to carry out the treatment in such a way as to protect the soil from pathogenic bacteria and not harm beneficial microorganisms.

All methods can be divided into two groups. The first uses traditional methods, the second uses disinfection using various purchased products. Let's start with traditional methods.

Answers to frequently asked questions

Is it possible to apply copper sulfate before planting this season if it was applied in the past?

Not recommended. In this case, it is better to give preference to purchased insecticides or fungicides.

What to do if there is an excess of copper in the soil?

Give the area a rest and do not process it for the next 1-2 seasons.

How long is treatment with copper sulfate?

Normally, the drug acts against diseases, fungi and pests for the next 20 days (less if it rains). If you add soap to the solution, the product will stay on the plants for up to a month.

How to change soil acidity?

Simultaneously with disinfection, it is necessary to equalize the acid-base balance of the soil. After all, even in disinfected soil that has an acidic reaction, sulfur stalk and clubroot develop well.

Peat soil and garden soil have an acidic reaction. To alkalize, slaked lime or dolomite flour is added to the soil. Moreover, different cultures have their own proportions.

To reduce soil acidity, slaked lime or dolomite flour is used

Folk means of disinfection, such as calcination, steaming and freezing, are more environmentally friendly. But they do not destroy 100% of pathogens. In addition, to use them you need 2-3 free months. It is necessary to begin disinfection using such methods in winter.

The use of various purchased drugs is highly effective and does not require a long period of time. So, each method has its pros and cons, taking these into account, you can prepare the soil for planting seedlings as much as possible.

Making a solution

So, how to prepare a preparation of copper sulfate so that it is suitable for disinfecting a greenhouse structure? In fact, this is easy to do: to disinfect the soil, you need to dilute 5 grams of the substance in 10 liters of water. You need to moisten the soil with this solution at the rate of 2 liters per 1 m2.

Important to follow! This treatment is carried out precisely in the autumn, since copper sulfate is still harmful to plants.

To disinfect the wooden surfaces of the frame, the preparation must be made more saturated. In this case, dissolve 100 grams of powder in 10 liters of water, and for better effect, gardeners recommend adding 1 tablespoon of vinegar to the preparation. The table below shows the ratio of powder to water for different uses of this substance.

Treatment of the greenhouse in the spring before planting: treating diseases, destroying pests

Spring treatment of the greenhouse is included in the list of mandatory activities, without which it is almost impossible to obtain a high yield. The reason for this is the fact that conditions are formed in the greenhouse that are comfortable not only for cultivated plants, but also for weeds, pests and pathogens.

And you need to fight them constantly, and not only when they have already manifested themselves and begin to cause damage.

As soon as the snow melts, the greenhouse can be prepared for planting

Description of basic procedures

Stages of spring work

So, in the fall, after harvesting and removing plant remains, the soil was dug up, and the structure itself was dismantled or closed for conservation. In the spring we have to start all over again.

Work in the greenhouse can be divided into stages:

• Cleaning the area.
• Assembling the greenhouse structure (if it was disassembled for the winter).
• Washing of load-bearing elements and glazing.
• Disinfection of soil and premises.

Beds closed for the winter

When does spring processing of greenhouses begin? As a rule, disinfection should be carried out several weeks before planting the first seedlings. So if you plan to grow early or cold-resistant crops, then processing can begin at the end of February.

Initial training

First of all, it is worth once again collecting all plant debris, as well as the remains of materials that were used in the greenhouse in the previous season (ropes, pegs, garter nets, etc.).

If you are not sure of the quality of the roots, tops and leaves, then it is better to burn them. If there were no disease outbreaks last season, then the biomass can be placed in a compost pit.

Next, you should pay attention to the design of the greenhouse itself. First of all, you should consider the frame.

During the winter, the following defects may occur:

• Rotten wooden parts.
• Deep corrosion of metal elements.
• Mechanical damage to structures (cracks, breakages).
• Mold or microbial contamination.

Note! Inspection must be carried out even if the structure was stored disassembled.

It is better to replace all damaged parts. Particular attention should be paid to blackened or moldy elements - they will require more thorough disinfection.

Transparent fragments of the greenhouse covering should also be carefully examined.

The instructions for processing the transparent parts of the greenhouse are as follows:

External cleaning of transparent parts

• We wash the glass. The better we wash them in the spring, the more light our plants will receive during the growth period.
• We retighten the film, seal the torn areas or replace them.
• We thoroughly wash the polycarbonate fragments of the greenhouse without using abrasives or hard brushes. We replace panels with cloudiness and impaired transparency with new ones.

It is best to wash transparent parts with regular window cleaners. After treatment, be sure to wash off any remaining chemicals with clean water.

Disinfection

Techniques used

If the treatment of the greenhouse in the spring began early, and there is still snow on the soil, then before starting disinfection work it is necessary to melt the snow.

• If time allows, you can sprinkle the snow cover with something dark - ash, peat, earth. The dark surface will absorb more sunlight and the snow under this flooring will melt faster.
• If the greenhouse has heating equipment, you can turn it on in test mode.

When the soil of the greenhouse has warmed up enough and it can be dug, we move on to the main stage.

Spraying with a chemical solution

Disinfection methods can be divided into:

• Biological;
• Temperature.
• Chemical.

Biological method

The longest and most complex method is biological.

It means:

• Replacing soil.
• The use of green manure (special plants grown for the purpose of subsequently fertilizing the soil and inhibiting the growth of weeds).
• Replacement of crops.

Not every gardener can afford to remove and remove soil from the entire plot or leave the greenhouse for several years without planting, therefore biological soil treatment in a greenhouse in the spring is used mainly by industrial greenhouse farms.

Temperature method

In early spring, the greenhouse soil can be frozen. If your February and March are cold, then it is better not to cover the soil with snow - then it will freeze to sub-zero temperatures and the larvae of many parasites and bacteria will die in it.

Steamed soil

Sometimes the question arises, how to treat a greenhouse in the spring using the high-temperature method? Boiling water will help with this. The ground is watered abundantly with hot water and immediately covered with dense, moisture-impervious material. Steam under the greenhouse film will kill up to 80% of pathogenic microflora in a few hours.

Chemical method

The most common method is chemical.

When choosing how to treat a greenhouse in the spring, it is worth analyzing several options, since the market offers both broad-spectrum preparations and those aimed at specific groups of pests.

• If a lot of crops are grown in a greenhouse, and as a result they will be attacked by a lot of different parasites, if you are just an amateur and don’t know where to expect trouble, choose drugs with a wide spectrum of action. Since they have been well known for a long time, their price is usually not high.
• But if the culture is defined, and in past years there were outbreaks of specific diseases, it is worth focusing on them.

Wet disinfection

Processing of polycarbonate sheathing

The following chemicals are used for wet disinfection:

• Bleaching powder;
• Carbation.
• Creolin.
• Formalin.
• Copper sulfate.

Let's look at a few examples of how to treat a greenhouse in the spring using these chemicals:

• bleach in the proportion of 400 g of dry matter to 10 liters of water. Let the solution sit for about 4 hours. We wipe the transparent elements of the greenhouse with the upper suspension, and use the sediment to treat supporting structures.
• If spider mites were noted in the greenhouse last season, then we change the proportions of the solution: 1 kg of dry matter to 10 liters of water.
• When disinfecting with copper sulfate in the spring, we use a 10% solution to treat the internal surfaces of the greenhouse. This will help protect the future harvest from powdery mildew, late blight, scab and some bacterial diseases.

Of the specific chemicals, the following should be noted:

• "Fitolavin-300" against pathogenic bacteria and rot.
• "Bayleton" from gray gili.
• “Lightning” from spider mites.

The instructions on the manufacturer’s website will tell us how to dilute these substances.

Some farmers also recommend using decoctions and infusions of plants (garlic, mustard or tobacco) for disinfection, which you can prepare yourself. They are, of course, less effective, but they are safe for the future harvest.

Gas disinfection

The most famous method of gas disinfection is sulfur fumigation. For this purpose, special sulfur bombs are used. Before the treatment of greenhouses in the spring with the help of these devices begins, it is necessary to caulk all the cracks well and close the windows.

Photo during smoke treatment

The optimal consumption is 60-80 g of sulfur per 1 m3. If the greenhouse is affected by spider mites, the dose should be increased to 150 g.

Advice! Do not use sulfur fumigation if your greenhouse structures are metal: the gas released will accelerate corrosion.

Conclusion

As you can see, a farmer has a lot of work to do. To fight for a good autumn harvest, you should decide in advance how and with what to treat the greenhouse in the spring: then the risk of infection will be minimal, and the harvest will be abundant and healthy. The video in this article will show some more useful information, watch it!

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Security measures

Copper sulfate is also dangerous for humans. To protect yourself from negative consequences, take safety precautions.

• When preparing the solution, wear thick rubber gloves and eye glasses.
• Wear long sleeves during all preparations and spraying to protect your skin from burns.
• When working with this substance, avoid drinking cigarettes, drinking water, or eating food.
• If the product gets on an open area of ​​skin or mucous membrane, immediately rinse the area with cold running water. The longer you wash the affected area, the lower the risk of burns.

If you use the substance in small quantities, toxicity will not accumulate in tomatoes. In case of overdose, there is a risk of poisoning from the collected fruits.

The insecticide belongs to the category of chemical substances, so adhere to the following rules:

• the treatment procedure is carried out with a spray bottle or a soft brush with long bristles;
• store the finished composition for no more than 3 hours;
• Keep children and pets away from the area where you are preparing the chemical.

The use of copper preparations in higher concentrations than required leads to leaf burns. This manifests itself in the fact that the edges of the leaves become brown, a brown mesh appears on the leaves, the leaves warp and may fall off. When preparing solutions, many gardeners rely on the volume of the bucket, which, in their opinion, has a volume of 10 liters. But buckets can have different volumes! It is better to use a graduated measuring cup when preparing the solution.

Recommended timing

If there is a need to process the elements of a polycarbonate greenhouse, then all work should be carried out after the sowing work has come to an end. For these purposes, prepare a solution of the required concentration and spray all elements of the greenhouse or greenhouse.

In most cases, the land is cultivated several weeks before the planned date of planting. During the work, there should be no plants in the greenhouse, as they may die. Particular attention should be paid to the concentration of the drug used, since there is a high probability that significant harm will be caused to the earth. It is best to follow a step-by-step work algorithm, as a result of which you can quickly achieve the desired result and effect.

And more about the drug

In addition to tomatoes, vitriol solution is used in gardening for processing grapes and for disinfecting saw cuts when pruning fruit trees. It is also useful for pre-planting treatment of potato tubers.

In addition to the vegetable garden, orchard and greenhouse, copper sulfate will also be useful in household work. It (especially in combination with chlorine-containing preparations) perfectly kills mold in damp corners of buildings, basements, and sheds.

Copper sulfate is an effective remedy for controlling late blight on tomatoes. However, it is important to observe the dosage, timing of application, solution concentration and safety rules when using this chemical.