When to plant tomatoes for seedlings in Siberia in 2022, planting dates according to the lunar calendar?

When to sow tomatoes for seedlings in 2022 in Siberia is the main question for gardeners. Planting dates are of concern to everyone who is passionate about gardening and wants to get a rich harvest of these ripe and sweet fruits.
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Tomatoes are one of the most famous and sought-after plants and, in general, are quite undemanding in terms of care.

But for several decades, according to the recommendations of experienced gardeners, it is preferable to sow tomatoes as seedlings, and then transplant them into the ground on favorable days of the lunar calendar.

When to sow tomatoes for seedlings in Siberia in 2022, planting dates according to the lunar calendar?

Experienced gardeners usually use the lunar calendar as a guide, using it to determine the most successful days for planting tomatoes. It is no secret that lunar phases can favorably influence the growth and development of crops.

The lunar calendar allows gardeners to figure out which day will be the most favorable and safe for planting grains of this crop.

Which tomato varieties are suitable for planting in Siberia

Taking into account the weather conditions of the Siberian region (short summer, little heat, sudden weather changes), experienced gardeners recommend choosing those tomato varieties that meet the following requirements:

good tolerance to sudden changes in temperature;
quick friendly return of fruits;
ability to bear fruit in unfavorable conditions;
good taste and product quality.

By paying attention to these requirements, even an inexperienced gardener can choose a good variety of tomatoes that will give a rich harvest of this medium-sized and tasty vegetable.

Taking into account all the above requirements, the following varieties of tomatoes can be recommended as varieties and hybrids for Siberia: Siberian Kiwi, Beautiful Lady, Orange Boy F1, Lelya, Ultra-Ripe, Bulat, Metelitsa, Aphrodite F1, Siberian Lights, Ground Gribovsky, Scarlet Candles, Bychiy forehead, Siberian surprise, Budenovka, Velvet season, Pink honey, Alsou, Abakan pink, King of Siberia, etc.

When is the best time to sow tomatoes in Siberia, choose the time

It is customary to plant tomatoes as seedlings in the Siberian regions in the early to mid-first month of spring. But this period is not a limitation that does not allow the crop to be planted at another time, since the date is determined by the place where adult specimens are planted.

Despite the unfavorable climatic conditions, gardeners in Siberia grow tomatoes in a greenhouse, greenhouses or in the garden.

Each method has its own time for planting this sweet crop, so everything is relative.

As mentioned above, gardeners determine the date of planting tomatoes by the future location of the plants:

if the method of growing tomatoes is indoors (greenhouse), it is better to start sowing tomatoes for seedlings after mid-February and until the end of the first spring month;
if tomatoes are planted under film in the garden, it is better to plant in March;
When planting a tomato in an open garden that does not provide any protection, it is recommended to start sowing from mid-March until the tenth of April.

LET'S SUM UP : gardeners begin to sow tomato seeds in a greenhouse several months before planting, and tomatoes that are intended for planting in an open garden are planted 2.5-3 months before transplanting.

Hardening tomatoes

Before planting tomatoes in their permanent place, they must be hardened off, otherwise the plants simply will not take root. This begins to be done 2 weeks before the transplant. The temperature inside the room is gradually reduced from 19 to 15 ° C. A week before planting, the tomato seedlings are taken outside. The first day 2 hours is enough. Then, the time is increased, and on the last day, the seedlings are left to spend the night outside.

Favorable time for planting tomatoes in 2022 according to the lunar calendar in Siberia

You can plant tomatoes from February until the end of April, however, you need to choose more favorable days for this, relying on the phases of the lunar calendar.

So, the best days this year for planting tomatoes are:

February: 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 22, 23
March: 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 13, 21, 22, 29, 30, 31
April: 3, 4, 8, 9, 17, 18, 26, 27
May: 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 15, 23, 24, 27, 28

On other days, summer residents can safely prepare the soil for planting tomatoes.

Necessary conditions for cultivation

Tomatoes are one of the most heat-loving crops. The optimal temperature for growing them should be + 20-22 C during the day, and not lower than +16 C at night. This applies not only to the air, but also to the soil.

Interesting! If the soil is colder than necessary, the main root will not fully absorb nitrogen and phosphorus, preventing the development of adventitious roots. Because of this, access to water will be limited: the seedlings will not take root well. At +10 C, plants will not absorb nutrients from the ground at all.

Most varieties do not care about the length of daylight hours in order to begin to bear fruit, but the intensity of light directly affects the volume of the harvest. With a lack of light, crop growth slows down, the time from the appearance of flowers to the beginning of fruit ripening can increase by more than 15 days, which will certainly affect the quality of the crop.

Tomatoes are demanding of moisture. Seedlings and vegetables planted in a greenhouse are watered with warm water every 4-7 days in the morning, those grown in open ground - in the evening. The optimal humidity for growing this crop is 70-80%. If the indicator is too high, the pollen will stick together and will not fall out. Also, with high air humidity, there is a high probability of fungus and bacterial growth. Low humidity prevents pollen from germinating and fruits are not set.

Tomatoes are not demanding on the composition of the soil, but preference should be given to loamy and sandy loam soil with a slightly acidic reaction (pH = 6-6.5), because good air exchange and water permeability are important to them. The culture grows well after cabbage, zucchini and cucumbers. But you shouldn’t plant tomatoes after nightshades and legumes, because... they greatly deplete the soil and also have common diseases.

Unfavorable time for sowing tomato seedlings in 2022 in Siberia

Unfavorable dates for sowing tomato seeds in 2022 are as follows:

In February
– 1, 2, 16
In March
– 1, 2, 3, 18
In April
– 1, 2, 16, 29, 30
In May
– 16, 29, 30, 31

IMPORTANT! You should take into account various life situations that may contribute to the impossibility of working within the numbers recommended above. In this case, experienced gardeners resort to neutral days, that is, those that are neither favorable nor unfavorable.

The weather can also be a hindrance.

Therefore, when planning sowing in the ground, it is necessary to review the long-term weather forecast and forecasters’ assumptions regarding precipitation and other factors compiled specifically for such cases.

Why you need to respect sowing dates

This risky farming zone has very harsh climatic conditions:

long and cold winter with severe frosts - about -35°C;
dry and warm summers;
the soil heats up to the required temperature (10-12°C) only in the last ten days of May, and the outside air temperature reaches 15°C in early June;
in the period from June to the end of August, the temperature is between 25-28°C;
The first frosts come suddenly, this happens in early autumn.

Given the harsh and unstable conditions, seedling cultivation of tomatoes is recommended - sowing seeds at home and then planting the plants in a greenhouse or greenhouse.

Seeds should be sown at a certain time.

Planting too early (in February) can lead to elongation and overgrowth of seedlings. Such tomatoes do not take root well in a new place, grow slowly and produce a poor harvest.
There will also be a negative result if planting is late - the plants will not have time to form fruit ovaries, and the vegetables will not ripen before the first autumn frosts.

The optimal time for sowing is the last days of March. This is the best time for tomatoes so that they have time to get stronger, build up the underground and above-ground parts and be ready for planting in the greenhouse.

The main condition for successfully growing tomatoes in such conditions is the correct choice of varieties. These, of course, should be early ripening or super early ripening varieties with a short growing season. Late-ripening varieties can only be grown in a heated greenhouse.

What is the best way to sow tomatoes for seedlings in Siberia, tricks

When the sowing time has come, you can begin directly planting home seedlings. However, before sowing tomato seeds, you need to prepare the soil, pots and other material.

Preparing the soil needed for planting

Soil with a neutral composition and favorable parameters is considered an important condition for the fruitful cultivation of crops. You can buy soil at hardware stores or make it yourself. Experienced summer residents recommend starting to prepare the soil a week before sowing.

IMPORTANT TO REMEMBER! For the seeds of this crop, it is necessary to have specialized soil intended specifically for tomatoes. You can buy this soil in almost every store.

In addition, there are quite popular rumors, which have been confirmed more than once by the positive experience of gardeners: at the time of preparing the soil, it is worth adding soil taken from the garden, into which the seedlings will subsequently grow. This manipulation makes it possible to reduce the stress of the plant during transplantation and will help it quickly adapt to the new soil.

DO NOT FORGET! Before sowing seedlings into the soil, no matter whether purchased or prepared with your own hands, it must be subjected to a disinfection procedure, that is, placed in the oven and heated for 30-40 minutes.

How to choose a suitable container for seedlings

In order for the seedlings to be comfortable and have plenty of free space for development and growth, it is important to choose a suitable pot for it, which will be the “home” for the tomatoes for the next few months. At the gardening store you can find pots of any material and size.

The main thing is to take into account the number of grains sown so that later the seedlings are not crowded.

How to choose seeds for seedlings

When choosing grains for tomato seedlings, do not forget that literally everything depends on the quality of the seeding material: from the health of the tomatoes to a rich and sweet harvest. Experienced gardeners advise purchasing seedlings from reliable manufacturers who produce exceptionally high-quality products.

NOTE! When buying tomato seeds for seedlings, look not only at the manufacturer’s advice and beautiful packaging, but also at the expiration date. Gardeners advise purchasing seed produced no more than two years ago.

In addition, in addition to the option of purchasing seedlings in specialized stores and online markets, grains can be collected and stored for sowing in the future.

How to select and prepare seeds for sowing?

Be sure to prepare high-quality seed material, then you will be able to grow strong seedlings.

First, select the unsuitable seeds. If there are few of them, sort them out with your hands: those grains that have turned black are damaged and throw away the thin seeds. It is easier to sort out a large number of seeds by filling a glass jar with warm water and immersing all the seeds in it for ten minutes. After the specified time, throw away all the floating pacifiers, and strain the seeds that have settled at the bottom through a sieve.
Then disinfect the selected seeds. Prepare a steep solution of potassium permanganate: you will need 2 grams of crystals per tablespoon of water. Dip the seeds into the prepared solution for 5-10 minutes, and then rinse them with warm running water.
Next is soaking the seeds. They are immersed in hot water for half an hour - this is done to awaken the embryos. And while they are awakening, start preparing a nutrient solution from fertilizers. However, if you want, you can prepare such a solution yourself: you only need settled water and a little aloe juice. Soak the seeds in the resulting solution for 24 hours.
Now place them in the refrigerator for a couple of days - this will harden the seeds. After this, they will be prepared for germination. Next, they should be laid out between two layers of cotton cloth or gauze (it should be damp), spread on a saucer and placed in a warm place until they peck. Be careful! Do not even think about placing the saucer on the radiator, as at temperatures above +30 degrees the embryos will die.

READ ALSO: How to plant cucumber seedlings in open ground
Sometimes you can find pelleted tomato seeds on sale. Their advantage is that they are protected by a special shell. In addition, they go through all stages of preparation in production, and therefore such seeds can be sown immediately in the ground.

Sowing tomato seeds for seedlings step by step

To properly plant tomato seedlings and avoid basic mistakes, pay attention to the instructions below.

Place a thin drainage layer at the bottom of the container. The role of drainage can be played by: expanded clay, small stones and other materials.
Pour the pre-prepared soil into the box, water it well and let the moisture saturate the soil.
After the water has been absorbed, the soil surface must be divided into rows. The depth of the holes should reach one centimeter, and the distance between the rows should be 4-5 centimeters.
Sow tomato seedlings in these holes.
Lightly dust the top with soil (no more than 5 mm).
At the end, you need to irrigate the soil with a spray bottle and cover the container with glass or polyethylene.
Place the container in a warm and bright place.

Seed preparation

Seeds should be disinfected before sowing

The procedure for preparing seed material is carried out 2-3 days before the planned sowing in several ways:

You can cull by dipping the seeds in a saline solution (1 tbsp per 1 liter of warm water). After half an hour, all the seeds that have flared up are disposed of, and those that have settled to the bottom are washed with clean water.
The second option is manual culling. All thin and broken seeds covered with mold and black spots are thrown aside. For sowing, large specimens with a smooth and uniform surface are selected.
After rejection, the seeds undergo a disinfection procedure - they are soaked in an iodine solution (6 drops are used per glass of water). Soaking time - 30 minutes.

Features of caring for tomato seedlings in Siberia

Although tomato seedlings do not require any specific care, they are worth keeping an eye on and creating comfortable conditions.

Watering

This procedure should be carried out with great care and only after the soil has dried. If tomatoes grow in constantly damp soil, there is a high risk of them rotting quickly. Water the plant with infused water at room temperature.

Additional lighting

If tomato seedlings don't get enough light, they will begin to stretch out. Therefore, the bushes will have to be provided with light for 12-14 hours a day.

Top dressing

A crop that grows well, develops and has a thick, healthy stem does not need to be fed. However, if short soil was used during planting and the grains do not germinate well, the tomatoes need to be fed.

Lighting arrangement

Tomato seedlings love light. There is not enough daylight for plants, especially in February. It is optimal for tomato seedlings to receive light for 16 hours. For the first 3 days, it is generally advisable for hatching borers to organize round-the-clock lighting. Simple incandescent lamps are not recommended. They generate a lot of heat, plus they are not able to emit the entire color spectrum required by plants. LED or fluorescent light sources or a combination of both are better suited.

Common mistakes

When growing tomatoes in their gardens, summer residents often violate the rules of agricultural technology and make primitive mistakes. They can lead to plant diseases, death, or a modest harvest. The most common mistakes are

wrong choice of seedlings: not suitable for the climate, etc.;
unsuitable soil;
use of contaminated land;
premature landing;
excess moisture and frequent watering;
late transfer of seedlings to an open garden;
dense sowing of grains in a container;
preventive work against late blight is not carried out;
later removal of stepchildren.

NOTE! Planting overgrown tomato seeds can lead to late flowering, and consequently the absence of ovaries on the very first tassels.

Sowing technique

You can sow tomatoes in any capacious container at least 10 cm high with drainage holes. Its bottom is sprinkled with drainage - small crushed stone, expanded clay, crushed eggshells.

The soil

Light and loose garden soil with a neutral pH level is suitable for sowing. To improve nutritional value, it can be mixed with sand and humus in a ratio of 1:1:1.

Before placing it in a container, the soil is spilled with a raspberry solution of potassium permanganate or calcined in the oven to destroy pathogenic microflora, which can cause various diseases in seedlings.

Some gardeners use ready-made substrate for growing vegetables.

Sowing scheme

Depending on the type of container, the sowing pattern will be different:

in seedling boxes or containers, seeds are sown in grooves up to 1 cm deep and at a distance of 3-4 cm from each other;
when sowing in peat pots, plastic cassettes or disposable containers (400 ml volume), seeds are sown to a depth of 1 cm, 1-2 pieces each. in each.

The crops are sprinkled with a thin layer of soil and irrigated with a spray bottle.

Answers to frequently asked questions

How often to water seedlings?

Watering should be done when the soil dries out. Excessive amounts of moisture will lead to plant diseases or rotting.

What additional lighting should I use for favorable growth and development of seedlings?

You can use a lamp, setting it above a container. As soon as the sun sets outside, we turn on the lamp.

Is planting seeds on neutral days according to the lunar calendar fraught with plant diseases and slow development?

Some people, due to life circumstances, do not have the opportunity to sow seeds on favorable days according to the lunar calendar. There are neutral numbers for this, where planting seedlings is also encouraged without further adverse consequences.

Feeding seedlings

When plants have their third true leaf, they especially need light as the first inflorescence begins to form. Ten days after replanting, a new root system is formed and the seedlings noticeably increase in growth. At this time, you need to add some soil. If you planted the seeds in a purchased soil mixture for tomatoes, then you don’t have to feed the seedlings. Usually, when growing tomato seedlings, two feedings are done. The first feeding is carried out 10 days after picking with the following solution: 5 g of urea, 35 g of superphosphate, 15 g of potassium sulfate per 10 liters of water. The second feeding is carried out after another two weeks: 10 g of urea, 60 g of superphosphate, 20 g of potassium sulfate. You can also fertilize with ready-made complex fertilizers with microelements.

If tomato seedlings are grown correctly, then by the time they are planted in the ground they will be plants with a stem thickness of about 1 cm and a height of 30-35 cm. They should have 8-9 leaves and the first flower cluster. The seedlings are planted in a permanent place in calm, cloudy weather.

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