Favorable days for planting tomatoes in Siberia according to the lunar calendar 2022

February 27, 2022 ditim Home page » We can do it Views:

Svetlana Shcherbak from Krasnoyarsk shares her personal experience of growing tomato seedlings in Siberia:

Growing an enviable crop of tomatoes is an understandable desire of any gardener. This fascinating process begins with growing seedlings . In the conditions of the short Siberian summer, it is important to correctly calculate the sowing time , and then not make a mistake with the time of planting the seedlings in a permanent place - in a greenhouse or open ground. Tomatoes have been grown on our family’s plot for a very long time, and now personal experience helps us determine the optimal time to plant tomatoes in Siberia . Sometimes we also look at the Lunar Sowing Calendar, but more often only to find out unfavorable planting dates. It has been noticed: seedlings planted on favorable days develop better and produce an excellent harvest.

When to plant tomatoes in Siberia

For seedlings, sowing is carried out in March. A more accurate calculation depends on the planned time of moving the seedlings to a permanent place. It should be taken into account that two-month-old plants are considered the most viable.

When to plant seedlings in greenhouses

Gardeners begin to move young tomato plants under film cover in the first ten days of May. It is important that the soil has warmed up well by this time (up to 8-12 °C), so they focus on the weather.

When to plant seedlings in open ground

You can transfer tomatoes to beds that do not require additional film cover in the second or third decade of June. You need to make sure that by this time the night recurrent frosts have stopped. The air temperature during the day should be at least +18 °C.

When to plant tomatoes in Siberia in 2022 according to the lunar calendar

Favorable days for planting seedlings in open ground:

• April: 1, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 25;
• May: 5, 6, 10, 11, 12, 15, 16, 17, 22, 23, 24, 25;
• June: 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 13, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22.

Unfavorable days for planting: April 5-7, 12, 27; May 3, 4, 11, 2; June 10, 24, 27, 28 .

Planting seeds

To grow seedlings, you can use classic common boxes or individual containers. Peat tablets allow plants to take root well, which improves their ability to resist disease. Cassettes are convenient because you can choose any size, and also replace the peat they contain with your own mixture.

Interesting! When using classic containers, a drainage layer is placed on the bottom to remove excess moisture from the roots. Then the prepared soil is poured, watered abundantly and left under the film for several hours to evenly saturate the soil with moisture.

Seedlings need to be planted to a depth of 5 mm, 20 mm apart, sprinkled with earth, pressing down lightly. The distance between the grooves must be at least 20 mm so that the root system can develop normally and not be torn when replanting plants. The plantings are sprayed with water and covered with film to create a greenhouse effect and left at a temperature of at least +23 C. The first shoots will appear in 5-7 days, they will immediately need to be illuminated with fluorescent lamps around the clock for 2-3 days, and then switch to morning and evening supplementary lighting to provide 16 hours of daylight, because There is not enough sunlight in March and early April in Siberia, even on a well-lit windowsill.

Watering and fertilizing

Young plants need high humidity (at least 80%), so when greenery appears, the film should be removed gradually, opening the seedlings little by little over 1.5-2 weeks. This way the tomatoes will get used to the fresh air, but at the same time remain in the “greenhouse”.

There is no need to flood the crop: as soon as the top layer begins to dry out, you need to water each bush at the root using a syringe or pipette in the morning, before the sun comes out. After the final removal of the film, the plants will need to be moistened more often. Do not overdry the soil. The roots of the seedlings are located on the surface and may die.

Table: Common problems when growing tomato seedlings

Organic fertilizers (humus, vermicompost, guano) can be applied 2-3 weeks after germination and repeated weekly. The dosage must be reduced by 2 times from that recommended by the manufacturers so as not to burn the young roots.

Picking

Tomatoes tolerate replanting well, and proper picking even helps them grow roots, which only makes the plants stronger. You can transfer the bushes into large containers from a common box after the cotyledon leaves have developed well and the size of the true leaves is at least 0.5 cm, on days 7-10 on favorable days according to the Lunar calendar.

Interesting! Before removing seedlings from the old container, it is necessary to moisten the soil well in order to transfer the plant along with the earthen lump without damaging the roots.

The main root is shortened by a third to stimulate the growth of the fibrous root system, and the tomatoes are buried down to the cotyledon leaves. Transplanted tomatoes are sprayed and placed in a shaded place. Supplemental lighting can be resumed 4-6 days after transplantation.

Soil preparation

In spring, it is important to select a nutritious, loose soil substrate for the seedlings. It can be purchased at a specialty store.

If garden soil is used, humus, sand, and ground peat are added to it in equal parts. To disinfect the soil, use a pink solution of potassium permanganate or pour boiling water over it.

The area for tomatoes is allocated a sunny area, with protection from prevailing winds. There should be no waterlogging caused by the high location of aquifers. Cucumbers, carrots, and peas are considered good predecessors. You can grow tomatoes after cauliflower. But it is dangerous to use ridges where nightshades were cultivated this season.

The beds begin to be prepared in the fall season. Before digging, potassium salt (25 g) and superphosphate (50 g) are evenly scattered per 1 m2. Depleted light sandy loam is additionally saturated with organic matter using rotted humus (5-6 kg/m2).

In the spring, 7-8 days before the predicted planting, the soil is again loosened with a pitchfork, adding per square meter. meter of rotted compost (0.5 kg), ash (1 cup) with ammonium sulfate (25 g).

The greenhouse is installed on level ground away from tall buildings and trees. This will provide the tomatoes with sufficient lighting. The soil is used the same as on the site with the necessary nutrients added.

It is taken into account that under permanent shelter, when dangerous infections appear, it is recommended to cut off the top soil layer by 10-15 cm every 3-5 years. In its place, after autumn disinfection with a pink solution of potassium permanganate, a fresh soil substrate is added.

The land used for cultivating tomatoes must be neutral. A slightly acidic reaction is allowed. If the soil is acidic, then in the fall, before plowing, lime is added - fluff (crushed chalk or dolomite flour), using 300-400 g/m2.

Growing seedlings and care

To get a good harvest, you need to grow strong seedlings. To do this, you need to provide favorable conditions for the seeding material - select suitable soil and provide regular care for the seedlings.

Soil and seed preparation

The soil for growing tomatoes should be slightly acidic, enriched with nutrients, and allow water and air to pass well to the roots. You can buy a ready-made mixture at a gardening store, or use your own. The culture grows well on mixtures:

• humus with black soil (2:1);
• chernozem, soil for growing seedlings and sand, mixed in equal volumes;
• deoxidized peat and sand (3:1).

The prepared mixture must be shed with a warm, concentrated solution of potassium permanganate to prevent the occurrence of fungus or bacterial infection. Store-bought soil does not need disinfection.

Before planting, seeds must be soaked in a warm aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide for 10 minutes to prevent disease. They also need to be germinated. To do this, the seeds are wrapped in a cloth moistened with a growth stimulator so that they do not touch each other, and placed in cellophane or a plastic container. Keep the seed at room temperature until hatching, for 1-3 days, ventilating two to three times a day.

How to plant tomatoes in Siberia

Sowing seeds is performed in the following sequence:

1. A seedling box with a drainage layer on the bottom is filled with prepared substrate, which is moistened.
2. Mark grooves 15 mm deep, leaving a gap of 6-8 cm between them. Lay out the tomato seeds at intervals of 2-2.5 cm. If sowing is carried out in separate cups, make 3 holes in them. Excess shoots are then cut off.
3. Cover the seeds with soil and spray the soil surface with settled water from a spray bottle.
4. Stretch a transparent film over the container, which is removed after sprouts form. Keep in a warm, bright room.

Picking individual pots from a common box is carried out after 3-4 leaves appear on the seedlings.

To move seedlings to open beds or under cover in a greenhouse, choose the evening. During the day, at high temperatures, young seedlings quickly dry out, which causes poor survival rate.

Algorithm of actions:

1. Markings are made on the prepared ridge. The row spacing is left 0.7-0.7 m wide. The interval between the holes for compact low varieties is about 40 cm. If tall varieties are planted, the step is increased to 50-55 cm.
2. Digging planting holes. Their depth is on average 30 cm. Place a Heteroauxin tablet in each hole. This drug improves root formation and helps prevent dangerous diseases.
3. Carefully remove the tomato seedling from the container without destroying the earthen ball.
4. Place the plant in the center of the hole and carefully fill all the voids with soil, lightly compacting the layers. If the seedlings are very elongated, they practice laying the stem with the lower leaves removed on the wall of the hole, and then covering it with earth. The upper part with foliage should be above the surface of the ground.
5. A strong peg is driven in next to the plant, to which the stem is tied. This will protect it from damage. The greenhouse is equipped with trellises, to which it is more convenient to fix tomato bushes as they develop and form.

After watering and planting, it is recommended to cover the tomatoes with mulch (hay, chopped straw, dry crushed peat), which retains moisture and maintains the loose state of the soil.

Is it necessary to adhere to the timing of planting tomato seedlings?

They try to sow tomato seeds in a strictly defined period. The harvest of the next season depends on this. If you sow very early, the tomatoes will outgrow and be sick for a long time after transplantation, take root poorly, and you won’t be able to expect abundant fruiting from them.

When sowing tomato seeds late, there is a risk of not waiting for fruiting at all, especially when it comes to Siberia. The lunar calendar recommends sowing in March. In this case, the seedlings turn out to be strong and produce an excellent harvest over time.

Sowing tomato seeds for seedlings step by step

To properly plant tomato seedlings and avoid basic mistakes, pay attention to the instructions below.

1. Place a thin drainage layer at the bottom of the container. The role of drainage can be played by: expanded clay, small stones and other materials.
2. Pour the pre-prepared soil into the box, water it well and let the moisture saturate the soil.
3. After the water has been absorbed, the soil surface must be divided into rows. The depth of the holes should reach one centimeter, and the distance between the rows should be 4-5 centimeters.
4. Sow tomato seedlings in these holes.
5. Lightly dust the top with soil (no more than 5 mm).
6. At the end, you need to irrigate the soil with a spray bottle and cover the container with glass or polyethylene.
7. Place the container in a warm and bright place.

Common mistakes and ways to avoid them

Different varieties are suitable for greenhouses and open ground, so this nuance is thought through at the planning stage. The next step is drawing up a work plan. 24 hours before the new moon, weeds and traces of last year's harvest are removed. Damaged shoots must be harvested, otherwise they will become a breeding ground for pests. A day before the new moon, they loosen the soil and collect seeds. The seed collected on the eve of the new moon is characterized by increased resistance to pests and diseases.

Compliance with the listed recommendations, based on the phases of the moon and human observations, does not guarantee a good harvest. Botanists urge regular inspection of plantings. As soon as signs of pest activity or disease are detected, the area is treated with a fungicide, and the affected tomato is disposed of. 1-2 sprayings with an interval of 5-6 days are enough.

Note! If the leaves become pale or curl, check the light level or soil accordingly. The problem is solved by increasing the level of illumination or more intensive watering.

In the Siberian region, field work begins in April. The date is chosen taking into account the lunar calendar and the characteristics of the variety. Tomato is an unpretentious crop that requires moderate watering and fertilizing.

How to select and prepare seeds for sowing?

Be sure to prepare high-quality seed material, then you will be able to grow strong seedlings.

1. First, select the unsuitable seeds. If there are few of them, sort them out with your hands: those grains that have turned black are damaged and throw away the thin seeds. It is easier to sort out a large number of seeds by filling a glass jar with warm water and immersing all the seeds in it for ten minutes. After the specified time, throw away all the floating pacifiers, and strain the seeds that have settled at the bottom through a sieve.
2. Then disinfect the selected seeds. Prepare a steep solution of potassium permanganate: you will need 2 grams of crystals per tablespoon of water. Dip the seeds into the prepared solution for 5-10 minutes, and then rinse them with warm running water.
3. Next is soaking the seeds. They are immersed in hot water for half an hour - this is done to awaken the embryos. And while they are awakening, start preparing a nutrient solution from fertilizers. However, if you want, you can prepare such a solution yourself: you only need settled water and a little aloe juice. Soak the seeds in the resulting solution for 24 hours.
4. Now place them in the refrigerator for a couple of days - this will harden the seeds. After this, they will be prepared for germination. Next, they should be laid out between two layers of cotton cloth or gauze (it should be damp), spread on a saucer and placed in a warm place until they peck. Be careful! Do not even think about placing the saucer on the radiator, as at temperatures above +30 degrees the embryos will die.

READ ALSO: Planting tomatoes for seedlings in 2022 - January, February, March or April
Sometimes you can find pelleted tomato seeds on sale. Their advantage is that they are protected by a special shell. In addition, they go through all stages of preparation in production, and therefore such seeds can be sown immediately in the ground.

How to feed tomatoes

Baby, promotes the development of the root system, you can soak the seeds;

Urea is used if the seedlings have 2-3 true leaves;

Nitrophoska, used 7 days after liquid fertilizer to further enhance growth and nutrition;

Potassium humate, a universal fertilizer, you can soak seeds in it, water seedlings, spray leaves.

Traditional recipes for feeding seedlings

• Dilute one packet of dry yeast in a glass of water, add 2 tablespoons of sugar, leave for 30 minutes, dilute in 5 liters of water;
• heat the eggshells in the oven, chop them and fill them with water for 24 hours;
• pour 1 liter of warm water over 1 banana skin, leave for 24 hours;
• Dissolve 2 teaspoons of sugar in a glass of water.

Lighting tomato seedlings

If not properly cared for, young tomatoes can become elongated. Weak and fragile seedlings always mean a poor harvest or no harvest. To prevent stretching of tomato seedlings, you need to know the causes of this condition.

The first and most important reason is the lack of sunlight. To prevent elongation, seedlings must be illuminated with phytolamps. The daylight hours for seedlings should be 12-16 hours.

The second most popular reason for pulling young tomatoes is close proximity. Seedlings need periodic thinning. It is recommended to plant tomato seedlings maintaining the required distance. If necessary, you can re-pick already grown seedlings into individual containers.

Overwatering can also cause tomatoes to become stretched. Seedlings should be watered only when the top layer is dry. Overwatering is caused by a problem with the drainage holes in the container. Check and clean them.

Incorrect feeding can lead to stretching of young tomatoes: excess growth funds, lack of fertilizers for the formation of greenery. Fertilizers must be applied strictly according to the schedule, following the proportions according to the instructions.

What to do if tomato seedlings have stretched out

Cut off part of the tomato after the sixth leaf and place in a container with water. When the seedlings produce new roots longer than 1 centimeter, transplant them into a container.

When transplanting to a permanent place, you can bury the overgrown seedlings. Dig grooves 10 centimeters deep and water. Place the tomatoes horizontally, with their roots facing south. Sprinkle the seedlings with soil, leaving a top of 10-15 centimeters.

Do not water the seedlings for several days so that they wilt a little. Fold the stem into a spiral and cover with soil.

D. Mittleider's innovative method: regularly trim the lower leaves when the plants touch each other.

To prevent the stem from stretching, the drug “Athlet” is used. Helps redistribute nutrients and strengthens the root system.

The quality of seedlings is assessed 14 years after germination.

How to know when tomatoes are ready to plant

A healthy one has the following characteristics:

• uniform bright color of all leaves;
• elastic, not limp greens;
• height from 25 to 45 centimeters depending on the variety;
• stem thickness 8 mm;
• the number of developed leaves is more than 6.

Correct room indicators for healthy tomato seedlings:

• temperature not higher than 23 degrees;
• humidity 60-65%.

Hardening off tomatoes before planting in open ground

Before planting in open ground, tomato seedlings need to be hardened off. To do this, she gradually needs to get acquainted with the open air and sun. Start by hardening off on the loggia with the windows open or on the balcony, and you can also take the plants outside for a short time.

We gradually increase the interval of the seedlings being outside until it can be safely left for the whole day.

Strong, healthy seedlings with strong stems and a developed root system are the key to a rich tomato harvest. We wish you good seedling growth and a luxurious harvest in the new season!

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Common mistakes

When growing tomatoes in their gardens, summer residents often violate the rules of agricultural technology and make primitive mistakes. They can lead to plant diseases, death, or a modest harvest. The most common mistakes are

• wrong choice of seedlings: not suitable for the climate, etc.;
• unsuitable soil;
• use of contaminated land;
• premature landing;
• excess moisture and frequent watering;
• late transfer of seedlings to an open garden;
• dense sowing of grains in a container;
• preventive work against late blight is not carried out;
• later removal of stepchildren.

NOTE! Planting overgrown tomato seeds can lead to late flowering, and consequently the absence of ovaries on the very first tassels.