What's good about this variety?
The key benefits of the plant include the following:
- resistance to frost;
- the beginning of fruiting 4 years after planting;
- resistance to scab;
- resistance to parasites;
- high productivity;
- simultaneous ripening of fruits;
- long storage period;
- excellent transportability.
Peculiarities of ripening in different regions
Despite the fact that the Zavetnoye variety has low resistance to severe frosts, this variety is widespread .
If winter temperatures are very low, this is not a reason to panic. The entire tree may not die, but only some of its branches and a little bark. Therefore, warm winter weather, weak winds, and moderate amounts of snow are considered the best.
Depending on climatic conditions, ripening can occur from late August to late September.
That is, if you plant a tree from Moscow to the Urals, then fruiting will be early, in the Siberian region - in September, and so on. Changes will occur as the temperature regime changes across the country.
Description and characteristics
Before planting a plant, you should familiarize yourself with its main characteristics and features.
Size and annual growth
This crop is called low growing. The height of the tree does not exceed 2-2.5 meters. In some situations it can grow up to 3.5 meters.
Crown and branches
The plant is characterized by a spreading, slightly thickened crown. Thanks to this structure, the sun's rays easily penetrate into the center. Due to this, the fruits ripen at the same time. Good air ventilation serves as a reliable prevention of scab.
Foliage and buds
The plant is characterized by small elongated leaves. They have a dark green color and a matte structure. The leaves are characterized by a concave plate.
Fruiting tree
The tree gives a good harvest. The fruits are characterized by excellent taste and attractive appearance.
Flowering and pollinators
The apple tree is characterized by small white flowers with a pronounced aroma. To achieve better pollination, it is recommended to plant varieties such as Bagryanoye, Altai Rumyanoye. A good option would be the Firebird.
Ripening time
The first fruits can be collected 4 years after planting the tree. At the same time, the number of apples increases every year. Ripening occurs at the end of August or mid-September - it all depends on the climate of the region.
The fruits ripen at the same time, which makes harvesting much easier.
Productivity and average fruit weight
This variety is characterized by stable yield parameters. Regardless of the age of the tree, up to 70 kilograms of fruit can be obtained every year. Ripening occurs in the second half of September. A characteristic feature is the possibility of long-term storage - until mid-winter.
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In the first years, the fruits of the apple tree reach 80 grams. Subsequently, their weight decreases to 40-60 grams. This is due to an increase in the number of fruits. That's why they become smaller. At the same time, the taste of the fruit does not suffer.
In addition, they are characterized by a beautiful appearance. The Zavetnoe apple tree produces small white fruits with a bright red blush.
Harvest and storage
In a cool place, the crop can be stored for 5-6 months. During this time, apples retain excellent taste and appearance.
Tasting assessment of the fruit and scope of application of apple trees
These fruits are characterized by dense, yet tender and juicy pulp. When broken, it produces a pronounced crunch. Apples have a pleasant strawberry flavor.
This variety is versatile. The fruits can be eaten fresh or used in cooking. Apples are often used to make jam and compotes. They can be dried.
The fruit contains a large amount of pectin. That’s why they are often used to make jelly, mousse or jam. The fruit is also suitable for making wine or cider.
Winter hardiness and drought resistance
The variety is considered frost-resistant, so it can be cultivated in Siberia and the Urals. In this case, the perennial bark may suffer from low temperatures. A mark of -40 degrees can lead to freezing of the plant.
The culture does not require frequent and abundant watering. In dry weather, the plant can be watered once a month. This will help increase yield parameters.
Susceptibility to diseases and pests
This variety of apple tree is characterized by high resistance to scab and other diseases. To avoid problems, the plant should be sprayed with a fungicide solution before flowering.
Reviews from gardeners
Alexey, 43 years old, Altai region
We planted a seedling of the Zavetnoye apple tree three years ago. This winter the tree froze a lot. I had to do some cutting. Only the lower branches, which were under the snow, remained intact, and the first harvest ripened on them. The apples are very beautiful, bright and tasty. The tree recovered well after the winter. New shoots have grown, their length is already about a meter, so the apple tree’s regenerative ability is good. I hope next year there will be a good harvest so that there will be enough apples for the whole winter.
Elena, 37 years old, Gorno-Altaisk
The treasure has been growing in our garden for ten years now. I believe that this is the best variety for our region. It is both winter-hardy and productive, and the apples taste great. The tree is low, compact, and easy to harvest. The fruits are beautiful, bright, and stored for a very long time. I think that it has not yet been possible to develop the best variety for our climate. Many gardeners are looking for new varieties of apple trees, but I recommend Zavetnoye to everyone, because it has been proven over the years.
Natalya, 44 years old, Barnaul
This apple tree is very good, practically does not get sick, the apples are beautiful and marketable. The pulp is snow-white, juicy, of excellent taste. When we bring them to the market, buyers quickly take them apart. Caring for the tree is simple. To prevent scab, we treat it once in the spring with Bordeaux mixture; it has been confirmed that this is quite enough to protect the apple tree. The harvest is produced every year, almost always high. The tree is quite winter-hardy, even if it freezes slightly, it quickly recovers. Apples can be stored for 4-5 months, but we never have them for that long because we eat them quickly.
How to plant Treasured on the site
Even beginners can plant an apple tree of this variety on their site. However, autumn planting is not recommended, since in this case the plant has poor survival rate and may die. In the fall, you can prepare a hole for planting and fill it with soil.
Another feature of the plant is the insulation of the trunk. It is forbidden to use sawdust for this procedure. They retain moisture, causing the soil to become overly soggy.
Required soil composition
This variety of apple tree requires black soil. It can also be planted in loamy or sandy soil. If necessary, it is permissible to add peat, sand, clay, and humus to the soil.
Selecting and preparing a landing site
This variety needs a warm place protected from the wind. In winter, snow should accumulate in this area. It is not recommended to plant the crop in lowlands. Groundwater should be 1.5 meters from the soil surface.
Dimensions and depth of the landing pit
To prepare a hole for planting, you need to decide on its size. Usually a hole is made with dimensions of 60x60 centimeters. The prepared hole should be filled 2/3 with a composition based on fertile soil, manure and mineral fertilizer.
Timing and step-by-step algorithm for planting a seedling
It is recommended to plant an apple tree in the spring. In this case, the soil should warm up to +8 degrees. It is best to wait for stable warm weather. In Siberia it occurs only in April. To carry out planting work, you should perform the following steps:
- straighten the root system of the crop and install it in the recess;
- cover the trunk with soil so that the root collar is 5-8 centimeters above the soil surface;
- dig a peg to the trunk and tie the plant with a figure eight;
- water the soil;
- Cover the plant from above with a composition based on sawdust, dry grass and peat.
Video
We invite you to watch videos filmed by experienced gardeners who share their opinions about the Zavetnoe apple tree and tips for growing it:
Biologist by education. He is interested in discoveries in the field of natural sciences and the achievements of modern breeders. He is interested in indoor floriculture. I will be happy to share my knowledge with readers.
Found a mistake? Select the text with the mouse and click:
“Frost-resistant” varieties of garden strawberries (more often simply “strawberries”) need shelter just as much as ordinary varieties (especially in those regions where there are snowless winters or frosts alternating with thaws). All strawberries have superficial roots. This means that without shelter they freeze to death. Sellers’ assurances that strawberries are “frost-resistant,” “winter-hardy,” “tolerates frosts down to −35 ℃,” etc. are deception. Gardeners must remember that no one has yet managed to change the root system of strawberries.
Humus is rotted manure or bird droppings. It is prepared like this: the manure is piled up in a heap or pile, layered with sawdust, peat and garden soil. The pile is covered with film to stabilize temperature and humidity (this is necessary to increase the activity of microorganisms). The fertilizer “ripens” within 2-5 years, depending on external conditions and the composition of the feedstock. The output is a loose, homogeneous mass with a pleasant smell of fresh earth.
A new product from American developers is the Tertill robot, which weeds weeds in the garden. The device was invented under the leadership of John Downes (creator of the robot vacuum cleaner) and works autonomously in all weather conditions, moving over uneven surfaces on wheels. At the same time, it cuts off all plants below 3 cm with the built-in trimmer.
Convenient Android applications have been developed to help gardeners and gardeners. First of all, these are sowing (lunar, flower, etc.) calendars, thematic magazines, and collections of useful tips. With their help, you can choose a day favorable for planting each type of plant, determine the timing of their ripening and harvest on time.
In Australia, scientists have begun experiments in cloning several varieties of grapes grown in cold regions. Climate warming, which is predicted for the next 50 years, will lead to their disappearance. Australian varieties have excellent characteristics for winemaking and are not susceptible to diseases common in Europe and America.
Variety care
For a culture to fully develop, it needs to be provided with quality care. It must be comprehensive.
Watering mode
It is recommended to moisten the soil 2 times a year. This is done in the spring - before flowering begins, and in the fall - after the leaves fall. It is recommended to pour 100 liters of water under the apple tree. In dry weather, it is worth doing 2 additional waterings - in July and August.
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We apply fertilizers
In autumn, the soil around the plant should be fed with mullein. In the spring, to prevent the development of pathologies, spraying with mineral fertilizers is carried out. For this it is recommended to use urea.
Trim and shape the crown
In the spring, before the active movement of sap begins, it is worth removing frozen and affected branches. In this case, it is recommended to form the crown in the form of a bush. It is important to try to preserve all horizontal branches, since they are the ones that produce the most fruit.
Loosening and mulching the tree trunk circle
It is recommended to systematically loosen the soil around the apple tree. This provides the root system with oxygen and nutrients.
Mulching the tree trunk circle is of no small importance. To do this, use dry leaves or mowed grass. Thanks to this procedure, it is possible to prevent moisture loss and avoid active weed growth.
Prevention and protection of wood
The apple tree of this variety is resistant to most diseases. However, experienced gardeners advise carrying out preventive treatments on the plant:
- It is recommended to use catching belts against codling moths;
- Bird feeders are installed to protect against pests;
- for mice, synthetic bark materials and various chemicals are used;
- against scab and other diseases, spring spraying is carried out with a composition based on 10 liters of water, 700 grams of urea and 50 grams of copper sulfate.
Covering a fruit tree for winter
To prepare the plant for winter, it is worth removing all the leaves from under it. In this case, it is recommended to cover the trunk with spruce or artificial materials. This will help protect the crop from rodents. The trunk and lower branches of the apple tree will be covered with snow.
Reproduction methods
An apple tree can be propagated in different ways - by grafting, cuttings, and root suckers. To obtain a rootstock and subsequent grafting, it is worth using seedlings from root cuttings. Planting material should be harvested in the spring, before the sap begins to flow. The cuttings should be 20 centimeters long. It is recommended to store them in the cellar, sprinkled with sand.
You can also root the plant by layering. To do this, the shoots should be bent into the surface of the earth, secured and sprinkled with soil. Roots will appear during the summer. By autumn you will be able to get full-fledged seedlings. In the spring, it is recommended to trim them with pruning shears and plant them in a permanent place.
Main problems and methods for solving them
When growing an apple tree of this variety, you may encounter various problems. In such a situation, it is worth taking timely measures.
Apple tree not growing?
The cause of the problems is excessive deepening of the root trunk. As a result, when watering, rotting of the bark is observed. As a result, the development of the tree stops and it dies.
Do rusty spots form on the leaves?
This symptom indicates the development of scab. To cope with this disease, it is recommended to treat the crop with a fungicide.
Is it possible to replant a 10-year-old tree?
The formed tree is distinguished by its large size and strong roots. An attempt to move it to a new place can lead to the development of various diseases. If this cannot be avoided, it is worth preparing a planting hole and filling it with humus. Immediately after transplanting, it is recommended to water the tree abundantly.
History of selection
The Zavetnoye variety was obtained using the selection method at the Scientific Research Institute of Horticulture of Siberia named after Mikhail Afanasyevich Lisavenko
With the help of experienced specialists under the leadership of Lisavenko, this variety was bred by crossing apple trees of the Melba and Autumn Joy in 1958.
Thanks to selection, the variety has become more resistant to cold, diseases and pests . This variety was included in the register in 1995.
The following varieties can also boast resistance to frost: Zavetny, Quinti, Arkadik, Winter Beauty and Aport blood-red.
