Kabardinka plum: description of the variety and characteristics, planting and care with photos

Description of the variety

Early Kabardian plum ripens in late July and early August. The variety comes from the southern regions. This fruit tree has its own characteristics. It is low, with a strong crown, large, sweet fruits.

Dimensions of the crown and root system

Description of the Kabardinka plum tree: a medium-height trunk with a wide but sparse crown. At 10 years the plant reaches almost 6 meters in length. The crown at this age grows up to 3 meters in width and has the shape of a pyramid. The leaves are dark green, oval, with jagged edges and a sharp tip.

The seedling gradually begins to bear fruit 5 years after planting. The most productive age is 10-15 years. The tree, with proper care, lives up to 30 years. The root system is taproot, the main part of the roots is located at a depth of 40 centimeters.

All about flowering and fruiting

The Kabardinka plum blooms in late April and early May. Flowering is abundant. Description of flowers: small inflorescences, 1.5-2 centimeters in diameter, white, with 5 petals and long yellowing stamens. The plant is self-pollinating and does not require additional planting of pollinators. True, if other varieties of plums are planted nearby, the yield will be higher. From one tree (depending on age) you can collect 55-125 kilograms of sweet fruit.

The fruits are large, oval, weighing 45.5 grams. Sometimes there are fused plums weighing 90.5 grams. On roundish fruits the seam is almost invisible. The pulp is dense, juicy, amber in color. The skin is shiny, hard, purple-burgundy. The top of the plum is covered with a bluish coating. Inside the fruit there is a not very large seed. In a ripe plum, it is perfectly separated from the pulp.

Taste qualities of fruits

Kabardinka plum is the most delicious of the early varieties. The pulp of the fruit is refreshingly sweet, with a slight sourness. The plum is very juicy, retains its shape for a long time and does not spoil. Kabardian can be eaten fresh, made into jams, compotes, or dried, dried, or frozen.

Plum contains fructose, sucrose, glucose, vitamins A, B1, B2, PP, C, H, as well as minerals - potassium, magnesium, iron and others. Plum gently cleanses the stomach and normalizes the activity of the digestive tract. Calorie content - 45 kilocalories per 100 grams.

Angelino. Plum that lasts for five months

Plum is not particularly popular here. And all because the varieties Kabardinskaya rannyaya, Renklod Altana, Kuban legend, Stanley, Anna Shpet are most widespread. All of them are quite productive and also have high commercial qualities. But there is one significant drawback - their fruits are poorly stored. During the mass harvest, the harvests are such that the fruits in the markets cost pennies.

The latest variety - Anna Shpet - ripens at the end of September - the first ten days of October and can help out during the preparation of the plum conveyor. But the fruits are stored in room conditions for only 4-5 days. They will lie in the basement a little longer - 10-12 days, after which the flesh softens and turns brown. Therefore, by the end of October, only imported plums remain in stores at a very high price.

Promising variety

In this regard, a new promising plum variety, Angelino, whose planting material was imported from Italy, is of great interest.

Strictly speaking, Angelino is a hybrid of cherry plum and Chinese plum. Its fruits are closer in quality to plum fruits, and the tree has all the morphological characteristics of cherry plum: a vigorous variety with a powerful, wide-pyramidal crown. In the first years, summer pruning is required to accelerate fruiting and create a crown. It begins to bear fruit in the third year.

In the Central Black Earth region it also grows, but after 2-3 fruitings it becomes covered with gum and begins to die.

It lies for a long time

Today, Angelino is the longest-storing variety without freezing. In the refrigerator (at tº 0 2º C) the fruits are stored for 2-3 months (the fruits must be collected with herbs). If you put it in bags and squeeze out the air, it will last in the refrigerator for 3-4 months. When treated with an ethylene inhibitor (Phytomag), the shelf life increases to 4-5 months.

By the way, do not put more than 1-1.5 kg into bags and place them in no more than two layers of bags so that as they ripen, the lower fruits do not wrinkle. Interestingly, during storage, the taste qualities of Angelina improve: 4.2 points - ripened on the tree, 4.5 points - ripened in the refrigerator.

If there are no conditions for long-term storage of the crop, then fruits collected at technical maturity will still last longer than other varieties - 20 or more days. At this time, the demand for plums increases and the price rises significantly.

In terms of shelf life, the variety has no competitors and is unlikely to appear. Commercial quality is also quite at the level - the average size is 60-120 g, when the harvest is rationed, all the fruits will be leveled and reach up to 90 g. The appearance of the fruits is very beautiful. The pulp is greenish-yellow, juicy, sweet and sour taste, the seed is very small. Harvesting maturity occurs in the second half of September. Annually high yield...

But there are also weaknesses - the variety is self-sterile. He needs a pollinator. We tried to plant cherry plum nearby, but to no avail. Angelino blooms 5-7 days later. It’s good that it avoids frost, but the cherry plum fades earlier.

The most suitable pollinator of the common cherry plum varieties is the Traveler variety. But its flowering period does not completely coincide, which can affect the yield.

Today, Angelino is one of the best varieties of plums, in many ways surpassing even the “extra” category. You can make excellent prunes from it, prepare it and freeze it. During storage, fruit rot began from the injured area (attachment of the stalk). When harvested by hand without special tricks, the variety will last in the refrigerator for 3-4 months without serious losses.

Resistance to diseases and pests

The plant is resistant to many common plum diseases. Kabardian rarely suffers from red, brown spot, moniliosis. Diseases that can affect this variety: witch's broom, gum bleeding, plum pockets, clasterosporiasis. To prevent diseases, it is recommended to spray the tree with a solution of copper sulfate or Bordeaux mixture. To combat fungi, the following drugs are used: Topaz, Skor, Horus.

Insects that infect Kabardinka: plum moth, mites, aphids, plum sawfly. Various insecticides are used to control pests. For example, the drugs Gaupsin, Bitoxibacillin.

Planting and growing Kabardinka on the site

It is advisable to plant Kabardian plum in the spring. If planted in autumn, young seedlings may die over the winter. During spring planting, the plant will have time to take root well in its new location and gain strength over the summer.

For plums, it is advisable to choose a sunny place, protected from winds and drafts. Kabardian prefers fertile, loose, non-acidic and non-boggy soil. The distance to groundwater must be at least 1.5 meters. It is advisable to plant plums away from pears, poplars, and birches. Neutral neighbors - apple trees, gooseberries, raspberries.

For planting, prepare a hole 50-70 centimeters deep. It is advisable to purchase seedlings up to 2 years old. A bucket of rotted humus or compost is placed into the dug hole. In addition to organic additives, the plant needs mineral fertilizers. The earth is mixed with superphosphate (100 grams), potassium sulfate (120 grams), potassium chloride (80 grams), wood ash (500 grams). The seedling is lowered into the hole and sprinkled with soil up to the root collar. Then the soil is compacted, watered, and sawdust is sprinkled on top.

Tree care

The Kabardinka plum needs to be constantly looked after: regularly pruned, watered, fed on time, and preventative measures taken against diseases and pests. With the right agricultural technology, the tree will delight you with an abundant sweet harvest every year.

Irrigation frequency

Kabardinka plum is demanding of moisture, but does not tolerate waterlogged soil. At the end of spring, when the ovaries appear, the tree must be watered during the dry season. Watering is carried out twice a week. The soil should be well saturated with moisture. In dry summers, the tree is watered during the period of fruit ripening. Depending on the size, pour 1 to 5 buckets of water under the tree.

Regularity of feeding

To obtain high yields, the plant must be constantly fertilized. In September, it is advisable to add half a bucket of rotted humus, as well as 40 grams of double superphosphate and potassium sulfate. In spring, the plant is fertilized with urea (30 grams). Before applying fertilizers, the soil near the tree is watered and then loosened. If the soil is too acidic, add 300 grams of lime or 500 grams of wood ash.

Tree trunk care

It is advisable to water the soil near the tree, loosen it and treat it with insecticides. In spring, the trunk can be whitened with slaked lime. The soil will not lose moisture if it is mulched with tree bark or sawdust. In autumn, all fallen leaves and dry branches should be removed from under the tree and burned. They may contain pests.

Crown formation

Crown pruning is carried out in the third year after planting. The branches are formed into a fan shape. The crown is shortened by 20 centimeters in early spring, before the buds awaken, or in late autumn, after leaf fall. Be sure to remove dried and diseased branches. Make a crown that is too thick less often.

How to plant a plum tree in the spring in the Urals

When to plant plums in the Urals

In the Urals, plums are usually not planted in the spring. There are almost no spring types of berries here. Plum planting in the Urals occurs in the spring, before the onset of cold weather and snow.

Site selection and soil preparation

The factors by which you need to choose a landing site completely coincide with those that apply in Siberia. In the Urals, varieties appear for which, in order to prepare the soil for planting a tree, in the spring you need to dig up the place, removing all the weeds.

How to plant plum trees in the Urals

Usually in the Urals plums are planted not in the spring, but in the fall, two people at a time. Next you need to follow the following points:

Depending on the size of the root system, you need to dig a hole. In this case, the upper (fertile) soil must be folded in one direction, and the lower one in the other.
You need to drive a meter-long stake into the center of the hole.
Now you need to prepare the earthen mixture by mixing:
Superphosphate, 200 grams.
Wood ash, 350 grams.
Previously deposited topsoil.
The prepared mixture is poured in a mound around the stake. Moreover, the root collar is 6-8 centimeters above the ground, and the stake should not exceed the height of the trunk (the distance from the ground to the branches).
A seedling is placed in the “hill”, north of the stake, and its branches are straightened.
After planting, the soil around the seedling is compacted and watered with 1-2 buckets of water.

Caring for plums in spring in the Urals

Caring for plums in the Urals is almost no different from Siberia. The only differences are the start times of the procedures. During their implementation, most of the snow should melt away.

Preventative treatments

As a preventive measure, you can spray the plum with a solution of copper sulfate or Bordeaux mixture. If signs of any fungal disease appear on the tree, then all diseased branches, fruits and leaves must be removed. Then the plant is sprayed with a solution of any fungicide. The tree gets sick less often if you constantly trim off excess branches and regularly fertilize the roots.

To prevent pest attacks in spring and autumn, the plant is irrigated with insecticides. The following drugs are used: Chlorophos, Karbofos, Apollo, Neoron. You can use traditional methods and spray the plum with tincture of wormwood, pine needles, and gasoline solution.

Care requirements

The early Kabardin plum variety is a medium-height tree. The relatively early age of fruiting is already in the 4th year. An adult tree develops a beautiful rounded, dense crown.

This variety of plum blossoms early and abundantly, usually in the period from late April to early May. For pollination, there is no need to plant another type of plum tree nearby, since it is self-pollinating. The fruits are medium in size, the average weight of one plum is approximately 40-45 grams. Their shape is round, wide, the peel is colored purple-brown. The pulp is yellowish in color, soft and juicy.

It has a sweet, pleasant taste and strong aroma.

Plum care

Plum is a high-maintenance tree, so it needs to be given more attention than other similar plants. Choosing the right location and regular watering will result in a rich harvest and large juicy fruits.

Plum is a heat-loving tree. It is necessary to choose a planting site carefully. She does not like drafts, and during the flowering period she should be sheltered from strong winds. The soil must be fertile and have a good drainage system. To prevent fungal diseases from appearing on the tree and for the fruits to ripen well, the place should be warm and receive plenty of sunlight all day long. Plum is a moisture-loving plant. Therefore, in order to get a good harvest and juicy fruits, you need to water the tree regularly.

This is especially important in a dry year; during such a period, additional moisture is introduced during the period of flowering, ovary and fruit filling. But when the plums are full, watering is reduced and subsequently removed completely

This is due to the fact that if there is an excess of moisture, the fruits can burst and quickly deteriorate.

A young tree is placed in the hole so that the roots lie along the entire perimeter, and the root collar protrudes slightly above the ground. A support is placed carefully near the trunk to which the tree is tied. Next, the hole is filled with prepared soil and compacted. After this, the plum needs to be well watered and the hole mulched with peat or sawdust.

Basically, the process of pruning trees is carried out in the spring, usually in early March.

During this period, the plant is still in a state of half-asleep and this process will not do much harm. To form a beautiful crown, you need to start growing the plant at 3-4 years of age.

When pruning, excess branches are removed so that the tree is not too dense. Also during this period, sick and frostbitten parts are removed. The first rejuvenation of the tree should be carried out at 8-10 years. In this case, old branches are removed to stimulate the growth of younger and stronger ones. Gardeners recommend carrying out the next such process at the 15th year of the plant’s life.

Plum has many beneficial properties. It contains a substance such as coumarin. It is responsible for the expansion of coronary vessels and also prevents the formation of blood clots. This fruit is low in calories and can be classified as dietary, so it is recommended to be consumed by people prone to such diseases.

Vitamins PP, A, C and D are also included in plums.

It is used for food mainly fresh. Due to its high taste, it can be considered one of the best-selling varieties. Plum fruits are also used in cooking in the preparation of cakes and sweet pastries.

This fruit also makes good compotes, jams and preserves, which are easy to prepare at home and can be stored for 2-3 years in a cold room if all canning rules are followed.

Early Kabardian plum grows well in warm regions and, with proper care, produces a bountiful harvest.

It can grow in every garden and bear its juicy and fragrant fruits every year. It mainly needs to be protected from severe frosts, otherwise the plant requires the same care as other trees.

More information can be found from.

Caring for this early plum is simple. Regular high-quality watering is required. The first watering is carried out in early April, using 30 liters of water per bush. The next time the plant needs watering is at the end of April and mid-July. There should be such an amount of water that the soil is moistened 30 cm deep. After watering, remove the formed crust on the soil around the tree and eradicate all weeds.

Fertilizing is carried out 3 times during the entire growing season.

At the beginning of April, each bush is watered with 30 liters of humus solution (300 g per 10 liters of water). This will ensure uniform formation of the ovaries.
In June, water the tree again with 20 liters of humus solution (400 g per 20 liters of water) to ensure timely ripening of the fruits and reveal the taste of the berries.
At the end of September, pour in 30 liters of superphosphate solution (40 g per 8 liters of water). This procedure will provide additional protection against frost.

Reproduction methods

The plant can propagate in various ways: cuttings, grafting, root shoots. Seed propagation is used only to obtain rootstocks. Cuttings are small twigs cut from the mother plant; they are grafted onto another variety of plum in the spring, when the juices from the ground move upward. This usually occurs in April or May. Kidney grafting is carried out in the summer, during the period of the most active movement of juices (in July or August).

When propagating by root shoots, the root that connects the young shoot to the mother tree is cut. The plant is transplanted to a new location in the spring. It is advisable to choose the seedling that is farthest from the mother tree. This plant almost feeds on its own. A shallow hole is prepared for the young seedling. The earth is fertilized with organic matter and minerals. The plant is planted in a hole, covered with soil and watered abundantly. The tree trunk soil can be mulched.

Plum trees can be propagated by root cuttings. To do this, in the autumn, roots are dug up at a distance of one meter from the tree. Planting material should be 15 centimeters long and 1.5 centimeters thick. The dug up roots are stored in a sand-peat mixture until spring.

At the end of April, root cuttings are planted in specially prepared (fertilized) soil. They must take root and sprout. When the seedlings grow a little, they are transplanted to a permanent place.

When does the crop begin to bear fruit?

The tree begins to bear fruit 3 years after planting in the ground at the age of 4–5 years. Not all flowers end with the formation of an ovary. At the beginning of summer, the first plum ovaries are observed on the tree.

Flowering and pollinator varieties

The early Kabardinka variety begins to bloom in mid-April. The plum is completely self-fertile, which is rare among garden stone fruit crops. It does not require nearby pollinators. Not all flowers force the ovary.

The flowers on the tree are large, white and round in diameter. The corolla contains 5–7 petals, the core with stamens is yellow. The flowering period is short, as the variety is early. After 7–10 days, the formation of ovaries begins.

Important! The presence of nearby trees with the same flowering period increases productivity

Ripening time and harvest

Kabardinka is most often grown in the south. There it ripens by mid-July. After ripening, the plum begins to drop its fruits. This significantly impairs the keeping quality of plums. Therefore, gardeners come up with various devices to protect them from impacts. The following designs are used:

A net is placed over the crown of the tree and tied to the trunk. The net should have large breathing holes; this also serves as protection against birds.
A thick layer of soft material is laid under the tree. This method softens the impact of a fall.
Under the crown of the plum tree, install a net at a height of 50 cm from the ground. If the plant is inconveniently located, then there will be nothing to tie the net to.

Tasting assessment and scope of application of berries

The maximum taste rating for tasters is 5. Kabardinka plum has a rating of 4.8, which is a high indicator among the crop. The pulp is juicy, sweet, yellow. It has a sweet taste with sourness. This variety is universal for use. It is grown in the south for industrial purposes and in their own gardens. The berries are used to prepare:

compotes;
prunes;
canning;
jam;
jam;
juices;
homemade wine.