Description and characteristics of the Odrinka cherry variety, planting and care

History of variety development

This cherry variety was bred by the Lupine Research Institute, located in the Bryansk region. The author and originator of Odrinka is the famous breeder M.V. Kanshina, who has bred more than a dozen varieties of cherries.

Photo of Odrinka cherry

This breeder was engaged in the work of breeding Odrinka cherries at the end of the last century. When breeding the variety, specialists cross-pollinated hybrids 3-14 and 3-36. At the beginning of this century, the new Odrinka cherry was presented for inclusion in the Russian State Register, where it was added after tests in 2004.

The variety is recommended for cultivation in central Russia, but has proven itself well in more southern regions.

History of creation

Odrinka cherries were created under the leadership of Ilya Michurin, who is the author of the Odrinka variety. He carried out all the experiments, experiments and crossings. After the variety was created, he decided that everything possible should be done to spread this variety in the regions farthest from the south.

Different varieties took part in the crossings; preference was given to crossing Firstborn and Lastochka. As a result of the experiment, a variety with sour fruits was obtained. This result did not please the author, and he decided to crossbreed with hybrids. After a huge number of crossings, a wonderful variety was obtained, which is now called the Odrinka cherry variety.

The Odrinka variety of cherries is perfect for any climate, due to the fact that a cherry hybrid was used during crossing. At the end of I. Michurin’s work, assistants were needed, so the variety has several authors. They are considered to be A.A Astakhov, L. Zueva and Michurin. After final checks for quality and all necessary criteria, the variety was entered into the state register.

Cherry Odrinka: description of the variety

In Russia, this variety of cherries is mainly grown in the Krasnodar region, although in the Moscow region there are nurseries in which frost-resistant varieties of cherries are planted, including Odrinka.

The trees of this cherry tree are of medium vigor; therefore, they rarely grow in height above 3-3.5 m. The shape of the crown is pyramidal, medium dense. The skeletal branches and main shoots are quite thick, located at an acute angle to the central trunk, and have medium foliage. The color of the smooth bark of shoots and branches is rich brown. The buds are cone-shaped, located at an angle to the shoots. The foliage is obovate, medium in size, tips and bases are pointed. The leaves are shaped like a boat, the edges are covered with small serrations.

The petioles are medium in size and have a pair of glands.

The buds are also medium in size, collected in inflorescences, each of which can have up to 4 flowers. The petals are round in shape, touching each other, and white in color. Flowering begins around mid-May.

The weight of ripe Odrinka berries is approximately 5.5-7.5 g. The berries are round in shape, the skin of the berries is dark burgundy. The pulp is compacted, the juice is dark ruby ​​in color. The stalks are thickened and shortened. The seeds are small, ovoid, and easily separated from the pulp of ripe fruits.

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Thanks to the dense pulp, the collected berries tolerate transportation well at any distance. Ripe fruits are easily separated from the stalks without releasing juice.

On a note!

Odrinka cherries have a sweet taste, the tasting rating of taste is 4.7 points out of 5 possible.

The collected fruits are used for dessert purposes; they can be eaten fresh, frozen, or used for canning.

The Odrinka cherry variety is quite winter-hardy, frost-resistant,

the tree itself, buds and buds survive early frosts well. When the air temperature drops to -27-28 degrees Celsius, no more than 15% of flower buds may die. More destructive for this variety of cherries is the spring return of cold snap during the bud opening period. When the air temperature drops to +5 degrees Celsius during flowering, tree productivity decreases by 30%.

Resistance of Odrinka cherries to periods of drought

– average, since the root system of the tree goes deep into the soil, it does not have problems with moisture.

Cherry Odrinka. Brief overview, description of characteristics - video

Pollinators

Pollinators must be planted near this cherry variety in order to obtain a stable and full harvest of healthy berries. The best of them are those that have similar flowering periods.

Revna

The tree is small, the crown shape is pyramidal. Refers to self-fertile varieties of cherries with high yields. The fruits are small in size, but very sweet, aromatic, and tasty. Revna is highly frost-resistant and can withstand temperatures down to -6 °C even during the flowering period. The harvested crop retains its quality for a long time and is suitable for transportation over long distances.

Gift for Stepanov

Medium-sized tree with a pyramidal crown. It is resistant to adverse weather conditions. Cherry fruits are medium-sized, heart-shaped, and become dark red when ripe. Taste qualities were rated by tasters at 4.9 points out of a possible 5.

The harvest is suitable for transportation and short-term storage, and is used for all types of processing. Cherry itself is characterized by increased drought and frost resistance.

Rechitsa

This variety belongs to the bigarro group. It is characterized by high cold resistance and the ability to grow in harsh climates. Cherry fruits are small, dark red in color and very sweet in taste. Has increased resistance to common diseases.

Tyutchevka

The medium-sized tree is characterized by very high cold resistance and immunity to disease. Produces a bountiful harvest of medium-sized, bright red cherries. The harvested crop is suitable for freezing, processing, and transportation over long distances. The variety is considered partially self-pollinating.

Pollinator trees for the Odrinka cherry variety

This cherry variety is self-sterile, like most other cherry varieties. Therefore, simultaneously with seedlings of this variety, it is necessary to plant other varieties so that after cross-pollination, a sufficient number of berries are produced on these stone fruit trees. Such trees are planted next to each other at a distance of approximately 3-3.5 m.

The best pollinators for Odrinka cherries are:

• Ovstuzhenka;
• Rechitsa;
• Revna.

Description of culture

The Odrinka cherry grows in all parts of Europe except the north, as well as in Bulgaria and Poland. In the CIS countries it is found in Moldova, Ukraine and Uzbekistan. In Russia, it is grown in the Krasnodar Territory, although in Moscow there are private reserves that practice breeding varieties for this climatic zone. The Odrinka cherry tree has small dense crowns. Odrinka's height is average. The buds are small, like the leaves - generative ovoid. They deviate from the escape to the side. The petiole is small, has 2 glands. In the inflorescence of the Odrinka cherry there are only 3-4 flowers, which cannot be called large. The petals are white, the corolla is saucer-shaped.

The fruits weigh 5-7 grams, and their height reaches 2.5 cm. The width of the cherry fruits is 2.4 cm. They are round, the funnel is narrowed, and the top is oval. There are clear light dots in the central part. The juice of the Odrinka cherry is red, the pulp of the fruit is juicy, sweet, and purple in color. The stone occupies 6% of the volume and is easily separated from the fleshy fruit. According to the tasting assessments, Odrinka cherries received 4.7 points.

Odrinka blooms later, ripening is the same. It begins to bear fruit already in the 5th year after planting. The fruits appear on bouquet branches. It is a self-fertile tree, so pollinators are needed. The best of them are considered to be the trees Ovstuzhenka, Rechitsa, Revna. But the Odrinka cherry tolerates harsh winters well, although it grows in warm latitudes. The average yield is 77 c/ha, and the maximum can produce 221 c/ha.

Odrinka cherry yield

This cherry variety is early ripening - the first harvest is formed in the 5th season from the moment the seedlings are planted in a permanent place.

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The average yield when grown on an industrial scale is approximately 80-85 centners per hectare, with good care you can harvest up to 180-190 centners per hectare. When grown in garden plots, approximately 80 kg of ripe fruits are collected from one mature Odrinka tree.

Diseases and pests

This variety of cherries is practically not affected by diseases characteristic of other varieties of these stone fruit trees.

Odrinka is highly resistant to the following diseases

:

• cleasterosporiasis;
• coccomycosis;
• moniliosis.

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The risk of developing fungal diseases occurs with high air and soil humidity.

The best prevention of possible diseases is regular treatment of fruit trees, removal of excess branches, and autumn digging of the root zones of cherries.

To prevent pests from attacking these berry crops, you should spray the aboveground part of the cherry with an insecticide solution. Be sure to remove all plant debris and fallen leaves from the tree trunks in the fall, in which “harmful” bugs love to hide for the winter.

CHERRY SEEDLINGS

In recent years, new varieties of cherries have been developed that are suitable for cultivation in the middle zone. In our zone, in the Central region, varieties with high winter hardiness of the tree and, most importantly, flower buds are required. Currently, a number of new varieties have appeared that are close to cherries in winter hardiness, but at the same time surpass them in yield and resistance to fungal diseases. All varieties of cherries are highly resistant to fungal diseases. They are practically not affected by coccomycosis, which causes significant damage to cherry plantations. In terms of productivity, new varieties of cherries are superior to most varieties of cherries grown in the Non-Black Earth Region, and in taste they are close to southern varieties of cherries.

Almost all varieties of cherries are self-sterile, since they cannot be pollinated by their own pollen. Pollination conditions for cherry are quite complex. Cherry blossoms early, so there is a risk of flowers getting frosted; in some years, during the cherry blossom period, rainy weather is observed, which interferes with the flight of insects, normal pollination and leads to a decrease in yield. Cherry plantings may contain varieties that do not pollinate each other. To avoid infertility in one area, it is necessary to have at least two, but preferably three or four varieties that mutually pollinate each other. There are very few incompatible combinations between individual cherry varieties. Interestingly, a typical indicator plant indicating the possibility of successful cherry growth is Rosa canina. Where this plant grows well and bears fruit, you can count on getting a good harvest of cherries.

Our garden nursery grows a large collection of winter-hardy cherry varieties, collected over the thirty-year period of existence of the Sadograd nursery. You can freely buy cherry seedlings in our nursery. These varieties are: Bryansk pink, Leningradskaya black, Iput, Revna, Veda, Rodina, Dessertnaya Morozova, Priusadnaya yellow and others. Our seedlings are not imported. We are located at: Moscow region, Ramensky district, village. Mikhailovskaya Sloboda, 251. We graft cherry seedlings onto a rootstock - Magaleb cherry, which ensures high winter hardiness and drought resistance of the root system, restraint of tree growth, and the absence of root shoots. Cherry seedlings grow on this rootstock even better than on cherries. The seedlings are grown by planting grafts from cuttings taken from our own mother plantings, located here in the Ramensky district of the Moscow region, where the grafted cherry varieties grow and are tested. Seedlings with a closed root system are grown in bags, overwintered and hardened in them. They can be planted by the buyer throughout the growing season; high quality ensures maximum survival rate. It is better to plant cherry seedlings with a closed root system at one or two years of age, because Cherry trees do not tolerate replanting of older trees very well.

It should definitely be noted that in dry years, cherry trees need late-winter, moisture-recharging watering. It is made in October, during leaf fall. The root layer of soil is saturated with moisture to full moisture capacity. Late autumn irrigation protects trees from drying out and freezing, promotes healthy vegetation in the spring, reduces the need for spring watering, and increases productivity.

If you want to know the characteristics of the variety, click on the photo

How to plant cherries correctly

It is better to plant this variety of cherries closer to apiaries, then there will be no problems with pollination of Odrinka.

Purchased seedlings are planted in the autumn approximately 28-30 days before the onset of cold weather,

so that young trees have time to acclimatize and take root in a new place.

Photo of cherry planting scheme

To prevent this cherry from being exposed to northern winds and strong drafts, it is better to plant it in places protected from the negative effects of cold. The area should be well illuminated by sunlight, and the soil should be loose, neutral and fairly fertile.

On a note!

The age of purchased Odrinka cherry seedlings should be no older than 2 years.

How to properly plant and care for cherries - video

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The dimensions of the planting hole should be as follows:
diameter - about 0.7 m, and depth - 0.6 m. The distance between adjacent holes is at least 3 m. A layer of limestone is laid on the bottom of the hole, then a layer of nutrient substrate (3 parts of the garden soil). 1 part of rotted manure is added to the soil).
If the soil is clayey, coarse river sand should be added to it. A stake is driven in near the center of the hole, to which the planted seedling is tied so that it takes root better. The seedling is placed in the center of the hole, the roots are covered with soil, which is well compacted. Then watering is carried out - 10-15 liters of water are applied to each tree. The seedling is tied to a support.

Landing Features

Planting Odrinka has its own characteristics, on which the health of the tree itself, as well as the quality and quantity of the future harvest, depends.

Selection of seedlings

It is preferable to purchase cherry seedlings from trusted places and nurseries. For planting on the site, preference is given to trees with a height of 0.8-1.2 m. Young cherries should not have mechanical damage, broken branches, signs of disease, blackened areas, or mold.

Root system

The roots of Odrinka seedlings should be well developed and not overdried. Mechanical damage and mold are not allowed.

Trunk

For planting in the garden, select a cherry seedling with a main conductor thickness of about 15 mm. Its bark should not have deformations, stains or scratches. Before purchasing, it is advisable to rub the barrel at the bottom with a damp cloth. If darkening becomes noticeable, then it is better to refuse to purchase such a plant.

Age

Cherries that take root best are those that are 1-2 years old at the time of planting.

Availability of vaccinations

The final characteristics of the cherry largely depend on which rootstock is grafted onto. It is necessary to pay attention not only to the description of the fruit, but also to the height of the tree, the spreading nature of the crown, frost resistance and care features.

Choosing a landing time

Cherries are planted both in spring and autumn. The tree must have time to take root before the onset of persistent cold weather, so planting is completed in early October. In the spring, it is preferable to manage before the buds begin to bloom, that is, until the middle or end of April.

Site selection

Cherries are planted in a well-lit area protected from drafts. Odrinka should not compete with neighbors for nutrients and moisture, therefore it is advisable to remove it from apple trees, plums, pears and other fruit plants.

It is preferable to plant on the western or southern side of the site. The groundwater level should not be closer than 2 m to the soil surface.

Pit preparation

It is preferable to dig a planting hole for cherries a couple of months before the planned planting. The hole is prepared for spring planting in the fall. During this time, the soil should shrink. If necessary, fertilizers for young cherries are immediately added there so that they have time to decompose and rot over the winter.

The size of the hole is 70 x 70 cm, and its depth is about 0.8 m. Before planting, the Odrinka form a small mound of fertile soil mixture at the bottom, on which the young plant is placed, the root system is carefully straightened and covered with earth. After this, the cherries are watered abundantly and the circle around the trunk is mulched.

Planting scheme

The distance between Odrinka and neighboring fruit trees or shrubs should be at least 3.5-4 m.

Further care

If young trees of the Odrinka cherry variety are well cared for, they will quickly grow and will soon begin to actively bear fruit.

The main thing is to ensure stable, regular watering, in which moisture does not stagnate in the soil, and cherries do not suffer from drought.

These fruit trees need a large amount of moisture during flowering and ovary formation. And during the period of active ripening of berries, the amount of watering is reduced, since excessive soil moisture can cause cracking of the cherries.

After watering, it is necessary to loosen the tree trunk circles while simultaneously removing weeds. You can maintain moisture in the soil and reduce the amount of weeding by regularly mulching the root zone of the cherry tree.

Cherry feeding

If all the necessary fertilizers were applied when planting Odrinka, then fertilizing is not required in the next two seasons.

In the spring of the third season, fertilizers containing nitrogen:
ammonium nitrate or urea are applied to the trunk circle of this stone fruit tree.

To do this, prepare a fertilizer solution as follows: dilute 2 tbsp in a bucket of water. l of the preparation and water the soil.

After flowering has ended, only fertilizers containing potassium and phosphorus should be applied to the cherry tree trunks. Either 35 g of these preparations are embedded in each square of the area, or the same amount of fertilizer is dissolved in a bucket of water and applied to the tree trunk circles.

How to feed cherries - video

Pruning Odrinka cherries

In the first years, formative pruning is carried out, in which the crown is given a sparsely tiered shape. In each tier, no more than 4 of the strongest shoots are left, the rest are cut off. The distance between tiers should be at least 50 cm.

You should also carry out sanitary pruning of Odrinka cherries - in the spring before the start of sap flow and in the fall after leaf fall.

At the same time, frozen, damaged and dry branches are removed, as well as those growing deeper into the crown and thickening it.

Photo of cherry pruning

Preparing for winter

The process of preparing Odrinka cherries for winter is very important - if it is done incorrectly, then this fruit tree may freeze during the cold period.

After the end of leaf fall, it is necessary to carry out moisture-charging irrigation,

to nourish the roots after abundant fruiting with sufficient moisture. Then the tree trunk circle is covered with a layer of humus or peat, the thickness of which is at least 15 cm.

A metal frame is installed around the trunks of young trees, onto which any non-woven fabric is stretched. To prevent rodents, it is recommended to wrap the trunks with a metal mesh with small cells.

Subsequent care of the crop

Young Odrinka cherries need to be fed. Usually this is done:

1. Slurry - for May feeding 2 times a season, for trees older than 3 years - 3-4 times in June.
2. Complex fertilizer is added in the amount of 1 spoon per 1 bucket of water for each tree.
3. Ash is necessary for the stability of the immune system.
4. Urea is used before flowering so that the fruits are not attacked by insects.

Annual pruning is also necessary. All branches that go inside the trunk are removed. The cuts are made neat and even. Watering is carried out 2 times a year during drought.

Diseases and pests, methods of control and prevention

Since Odrinka cherries are disease-resistant, as a rule, they are not treated with any drugs. The only thing that can happen is a rodent attack. Prevention consists of using standard complex solutions that contain urea. The following drugs are also recommended:

If the berries are affected by disease, it is best not to eat the crop. Infection of branches and small twigs is possible only in the presence of rotten fruit.

Cherry variety Odrinka: reviews from gardeners

Anna, 56 years old, Bryansk region: I have been growing cherries for only a few years. I planted the Odrinka and Revna varieties on the plot. I allocated a sunny area for these trees and first applied the necessary fertilizers to it. These cherry varieties began to bear fruit 4 seasons after planting. And I liked Odrinka’s fruits even more – tasty and sweet. Gardener friends said that late varieties of cherries can be damaged by the cherry fly, so I carry out regular spraying against these pests. So far, my cherry varieties have not gotten sick or frozen even in cold winters.

Maxim, 45 years old, Volgograd region: In the autumn, I planted two varieties of cherries: Ovstuzhenka and Odrinka, bought at a nursery. After a few seasons, my trees began to bear fruit, and Odrinka turned out to be a very tasty variety. A few years after the start of fruiting, the yield increased to the values ​​​​specified in the description of the variety. I recommend this variety for growing to everyone.

This cherry variety is perfect for growing in the Moscow region and other regions with similar climatic conditions.

Odrinka is highly resistant to cold and fungal diseases, high yield and good appearance of the fruit.

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Characteristics

Odrinka cherry is winter-hardy. The tree, flowers and buds can survive early winter and spring. It never suffers from fungal diseases, and when infected, the quality of the fruit does not change. The following characteristics are discussed in more detail.

Drought resistance, winter hardiness of Odrinka cherries

The Odrinka cherry freezes at a temperature of -16 0C, and at -12 0C it can already withstand strong northern winds. In summer, it feels great in a temperature range of +30 0C, which indicates a wide range of temperature conditions - it is very important for farmers that the crop does not suffer from changes.

Pollination, flowering period and ripening time

Odrinka cherry is partially self-fertile, so for better fruiting it is necessary to plant pollinators. Usually, two Rechitsa and one Revna trees are planted 3 meters from Odrinka. These are late varieties, so you need to prepare pits in the fall. In the spring, you can prepare planting material and dig holes to prepare for next year. The flowering period occurs in early spring, the fruits are harvested in the fall.

Productivity, fruiting

Odrinka cherries produce an average harvest closer to June-July. If the tree grows in the southern regions, you should not expect a large harvest. It may bloom in spring, but not for long.

Area of ​​application of berries

Odrinka cherries are used in households and industry. Most often they are sent for export, since storing the crop is quite difficult.

Resistance to diseases and pests

It tolerates coccomycosis well, and Odrinka is also resistant to clasterosporiasis and moniliosis. Diseases affect cherries no more than once every 2-3 years.

Advantages and disadvantages

Despite the variability of the climate where cherries grow, they have the following advantages:

• Does not get sick or suffer from fungal diseases.
• Always bears fruit, even if the harvest is small.
• Odrinka loves both winter and summer.

Attention! The only disadvantage we can highlight is the fact that the berries are small in size and weight, which are not always suitable for retail and wholesale sales.