Trellis for raspberries: the optimal way to care for the plant

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Raspberries are a very common and beloved berry by many. The fruits ripen early, smell wonderful, and also have excellent taste. The plant propagates easily and quickly. From a bush planted in spring, you can get a small harvest in the second year. And if you choose the right place for planting, the yield can be increased. A raspberry trellis will help simplify plant care. This article will tell you about the features of planting shrubs using supports.

To make raspberries tasty and healthy, it is important to properly care for the plant.

Raspberries: planting and caring for bushes of a fruitful plant

Raspberries are an unpretentious crop whose fruits have a pleasant taste and antipyretic properties. The jam made from this berry is very tasty and aromatic. Dense raspberries look beautiful in any area. Raspberries can be planted in spring or autumn. Growing raspberries in the country is not as complicated as it seems. If everything is done correctly, the bushes will quickly take root, begin to grow intensively and produce a rich harvest. From this publication you will learn how to tie raspberries to a trellis.

It is necessary to carefully choose a place for planting raspberry bushes

Raspberries belong to the Rose family. It is usually an upright shrub with small thorns. The flower of the plant is small. The fruits come in different shades - from light pink to almost black (in the case of blackberry raspberry varieties). Raspberries are yellow in color.

The branches on which the fruits will grow appear in the second year of the plant’s life. In the southern regions of Russia, fruits can appear already in the first year of planting raspberries. Currently, breeders have developed remontant raspberry varieties that are capable of producing crops at lower ambient temperatures.

Features, methods and schemes for planting raspberries, fertilizer for the plant

Raspberries should be planted on neutral or slightly acidic soils. It is better to choose a place for the bush that is sunny, protected from strong winds, and has good snow cover in the winter. You also need to ensure that the predecessors of raspberries are not plants that are prone to the same diseases, for example, tomatoes, strawberries, potatoes.

Raspberries can be planted in spring and autumn, the soil should be neutral or slightly acidic

The optimal time for planting raspberries is spring and autumn; green cuttings are planted in summer. It is necessary to prepare the soil for planting in advance, in the case of autumn planting - a month in advance. In spring, this can be done immediately 2-3 weeks before placing the plant in the ground.

Before planting, the future raspberry tree must be fenced with slate, digging it to a depth of about 35-40 cm. This must be done so that the raspberry root system does not spread to other beds and areas. The distance from the raspberry bush to the fence must be at least 1 m. There are several ways to grow the plant:

in separate bushes - about 10 branches are left on the bush and planted in separate holes;
trellis or tape method - plants are planted in one row in trenches.

To plant individual bushes, you need to make holes approximately 40 x 50 cm in size. You need to pour a small mound of the planting mixture into each hole. Before planting, it is recommended to moisten the roots of the plant in a nutrient solution of mullein or a special solution of planting mixture. Then they lower the raspberries into the hole and sprinkle the roots of the plant with a fertile layer of soil.

Raspberries can be grown as individual bushes or tied to a trellis

It is necessary that the distance between the bushes be about 1 m, and between the rows - about 2 m. The neck of the root should protrude several centimeters above the soil, so that after complete shrinkage of the soil and watering it will be at ground level. The roots of the plant should not be lowered too deeply, as this can lead to rotting of the root bud. A high planting is also undesirable for raspberries.

In the case of trench planting of bushes, it is necessary to dig a trench about 45 cm deep and about 50 cm wide. The number of trenches depends on the number of intended rows of raspberries. The optimal distance between rows is about 1 m, the gap between plants is approximately 40 cm.

You need to fill the trench with a nutritious planting mixture. It includes:

rotted manure or compost;
fertile topsoil;
mineral fertilizers - double superphosphate is best.

When planting in dug trenches, it is necessary to add a nutritious planting mixture

All components are added to the trench in layers or a mixture is made by mixing the components.

After planting, the seedlings must be watered and then mulched with humus, peat or regular dry soil. If the soil is well moistened by precipitation, then additional watering is not required. Provided that the buds of the plant are well developed, they need to be trimmed, leaving 30 cm.

Helpful advice! Nitrogen-containing fertilizers are not recommended to be added during planting. Raspberries will not take root well. It's better to add a little ash.

How to properly tie up raspberries: tips on care, watering and pruning

Raspberries need to be watered well, but in moderation so as not to flood the roots. The plant especially needs sufficient saturation with liquid in the spring and summer.

Raspberry stems must be shortened annually after harvesting the berries or in the spring.

Pruning for raspberries is needed to shorten fruiting shoots and remove too thick and unnecessary shoots at the roots. Usually, in the spring after planting, fruit-bearing branches are pruned by about 20 cm. From the second year of life, the stems of the plant are shortened annually after harvest or in the spring. After the winter period, the branches are cut off by about 10 cm to a strong bud.

In order not to frequently dig up the soil, the row spacing can be mulched - covered with straw or peat. To prevent frost damage to raspberries, many varieties need to be bent down. To do this, you need to tilt the bushes towards each other and tie them.

To prevent the bushes from breaking under the weight of the fruit, they need to be tied up. The most commonly used method is the fan method. In this case, you will need to drive two sticks between the bushes - and raspberries are tied to them at different heights: part of the shoots of one bush and part of the stems of the neighboring one. The result will be a kind of fan.

To prevent raspberry bushes from breaking, it is recommended to tie them up

In the case of the trench planting method, the best option would be to use a trellis garter. You will learn more about how to make a trellis for raspberries later in this article.

Why do you need a garter?

The procedure is suitable for all varieties of crops. The essence of tying is to protect thin shoots of the crop from breaking off due to:

gusty wind;
prolonged rains;
abundant fruiting;
tall plants: varieties that grow up to 2 m or more especially need tying.

Raspberry bushes
If tying is done correctly, the gardener will receive a lot of benefits. The main advantages are:

Without this method, small, tasteless berries often ripen: tying provides access to sunlight to the branches, due to which the fruits have the opportunity to fully ripen.
Organizing growing shoots: prickly bushes take on a well-groomed appearance.
Protection against fungus and insect pests.
For bushes growing in the middle of the row, favorable conditions for development are provided. If plants are planted densely and chaotically, then the bushes located in the thicket quickly die off.
Setting and ripening of a large number of large berries.
Uniform fruiting: berries receive the same amount of sunlight.
Convenient, fast, non-traumatic harvesting. This is especially noticeable in the presence of tall bushes with a lot of thorns.

In what cases is it not required?

There are raspberry varieties that are “indifferent” to tying. These include bushes with upright thick stems. You don’t have to tie up black raspberries, the following varieties:

"Modest";
"Spirina white";
"Balm";
"Coral";
"Bulgarian Ruby".

Care for these raspberry varieties must be special. Please note the following:

The first year, do not touch the raspberries, they should develop freely: at the end of the season you will get a hedge.
In the second year, cut out shoots that extend beyond the 70 cm width of the row.
Thin out the bushes by cutting out shoots: the distance between the stems is about 20 cm.

Benefits of using trellises for growing raspberries

A garter for raspberries is necessary, since the bush is tall - 1.5-1.8 m. At the same time, the shoots of the plant are relatively thin and flexible, and therefore they bend and often cannot support their own weight. A large harvest causes the branches to sink to the ground, causing the berries to become sick and rot.

Only low-growing raspberry bushes can do without a garter. For early ripening and high-yielding varieties, this procedure is simply necessary. In general, a trellis for blackberries and raspberries is very useful; this design has many advantages:

Thanks to trellises, raspberry bushes look neater and it’s easier to move between them

Thanks to trellises, you can easily form beautiful rows of raspberries.
The lower branches of the plant do not get dirty because they do not touch the ground. As a result, the stems, leaves and berries are not attacked by pests such as snails and frogs.
The berries, regardless of the weather, remain clean.
Thanks to trellises, raspberry bushes form regular straight beds with wide spaces between them. This promotes excellent wind blowing, which guarantees dryness of the bushes, and therefore prevents fungal diseases.
Using a trellis ensures that the raspberries are planted evenly, resulting in each branch receiving equal lighting. This promotes simultaneous ripening of the berries and simplifies harvesting.
It is easier for a gardener to care for plants. Watering, weeding and mulching the soil is very easy to do. In addition, the use of such planting allows you to see and eliminate damaged shoots in time.
It’s easier to harvest and then prepare the area for winter.
It's easier to move between bushes. Without trellises you will have to make your way through dense thickets.

If the raspberries are tied to a trellis, it is easier to care for them, water them and weed them

In order to get all the benefits, it is important to select and install the trellis structure correctly.

Helpful advice! The base of the trellis should be buried 80-100 cm into the ground, so the total length of the pole should be about 230-280 cm: 80-100 cm in the ground and 150-180 cm above it.

What materials are best to use

The purpose of the garter is to increase the yield of raspberries while reducing the time and labor required to care for them. Therefore, before proceeding with the construction of structures for this agricultural technique, it is necessary to select the right materials.

Basic requirements for materials for tying plants:

The surface of the material should not slip, since in windy weather it can cause damage to the raspberry stems.
The material should not oxidize or rust.
Materials such as fishing line, steel or copper should only be used with insulation as they can scratch and cut branches.
Preference is given to lightweight and flexible means. Steel and galvanized wires are not used.
Resistance to chemical solutions guarantees a long service life of the structure.

Trellis, stakes, pillars. Load-bearing structures can be made of wood, reinforced concrete, metal.
Their thickness can be any, and the height for support from any material ranges from 1.8–2.5 m. Wire for garter. As a material for tensioning between the supports, you can use either new plastic wire or improvised means. They will help significantly save on construction costs.

Special wire for garters made of plastic or polyester is a priority. This material is soft enough not to injure the shoots. The disadvantage is that the stems slip in strong winds, but this problem can be easily solved by securing the shoots with clip holders.
Installation galvanized cable. The optimal diameter is 2.2–4 mm. Very comfortable, no slipping of branches. However, it is susceptible to rust, which can damage the plant, so it is not recommended to remove the insulation from it.

Trellis for raspberries: features of using the device

Raspberry is a very flexible plant, so under the weight of the harvest it bends strongly, and the stems of some varieties even lie on the ground. It is for this reason that it is recommended to grow raspberries on trellises. This is especially true in the summer – during fruiting.

The design of the trellises is very simple: on both sides of the row with the plant you need to install supporting horizontal poles (or wire) attached to posts. The raspberry stems are tied to the supports with twine.

The simplest trellis is dug posts, between which wire is stretched and attached in 2 rows

This trellis is easy to make and is known to all gardeners, but its design can be slightly complicated and benefit from it. The support is placed on one side, not at the edge of the row, but at a distance of 30-40 cm from it. All fruiting branches are tilted towards the trellis and fixed. Thanks to this tying, adult stems do not interfere with the growth of young shoots.

Next, we’ll tell you how to tie up raspberries in the spring. The trellis should be installed before the buds open. When the stems are placed at an angle, all the buds grow upward, and the crop is placed on the illuminated side. Growing stems do not mix with two-year-old stems and do not interfere with harvesting. Detaching young shoots from fruiting ones promotes better lighting and ventilation, and also prevents damage to the stems by fungal diseases.

Related article:

Trellis for grapes: optimal support for a climbing plant
Advantages of use, material for production, types of designs, tips, recommendations, photos and drawings for creating with your own hands.

After the last berries are collected, the two-year-old shoots are removed. They are cut down to the very base, leaving no stump. At the same time, you need to remove damaged, thin and short annual stems. It is necessary to leave the strongest, thickest and tallest shoots. The soil under the bushes needs to be loosened. Garden forks are best suited for this; it is important to remove weeds and also water if necessary.

The variety of methods, their pros and cons

There are many ways to garter raspberry bushes, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages.

The stake method of tying is characterized by:
simplicity of the process;
low cost of materials used.

However, it also has some disadvantages:
uneven illumination of shoots by the sun;
not all ovaries develop evenly;
increased risk of fungal infection;
possible injury to shoots during harvesting.

The trellis method is more complex.

It allows:

young shoots grow freely;
uniformly illuminate the maximum number of branches;
ensure air circulation throughout the entire height of the bush;
harvest without discomfort.

The disadvantages of this method are the complexity and duration of bush formation.

The fan method provides free air circulation and access to the sun to young shoots , but is not very popular among gardeners.

To choose the most convenient way to secure branches, you must first study the features of each of them.

Find out when and how to prune raspberries correctly.

Raspberry garter on a trellis: device and types of support

Growing raspberries on a trellis is the best option for gardeners who want to increase their berry yield. These supports are made of various materials: wood, steel pipes, angles, posts or stakes. The dimensions of the raspberry trellis may vary, but on average they range from 2.2 to 2.5 m in height.

DIY drawing of a Y-shaped trellis for bushes

If wood is used as a support, the material must be treated with iron sulfate for two or three days before installation. To prepare the solution, you need to dilute 1 kg of the chemical in 50 liters of water.

Trellis for climbing plants can be classified as follows:

A single-strip trellis consists of small posts with a single wire stretched to provide support to the raspberry branches on one side. Each branch is attached to the wire separately. This fastening method is suitable for small areas of raspberry fields.
A two-strip trellis includes two rows of wire, which are stretched parallel to each other at a distance of 0.5 m. This design ensures the correct formation of the plant, the plantings do not thicken, because the stems of the bush are inclined in different directions. Suitable for use on both small and large areas.

Single-strip trellises are divided into vertical flat, fan, free, inclined, horizontal. Two-lane supports come in several designs:

A two-strip trellis consists of two rows of wire that are stretched parallel to each other.

in the shape of the letter T - horizontal dies are attached to the vertical posts, and a wire is fixed to them and the shoots of the plant are tied up;
in the shape of the letter V - raspberry branches are located at an angle and supported on both sides, the central part of the bushes remains free and is well blown;
in the shape of the letter Y - a movable structure with adjustable angle of inclination.

Helpful advice! Using a bush (fan) trellis somewhat simplifies the garter. Observations have shown that this option contributes to worse yields than when using other types of construction. An improved one-sided trellis allows you to harvest 2 times more than when using a vertical support. This is possible due to more complete harvesting of berries and reduction of losses.

When to carry out

Beginning gardeners, faced with growing raspberries for the first time, often wonder when exactly they need to tie up shoots in a raspberry garden and how to do it correctly.

Depending on the purpose, gartering is carried out twice a year: in early spring and late autumn. Spring garter helps prevent the plant from being damaged by pests and diseases, simplifies the care and collection of berries, and ensures abundant fruiting. In the fall, the procedure helps increase the chances of raspberries surviving the winter.

Find out how to properly prepare raspberries for winter.

Seasonal features of the procedure

Spring gartering is carried out in early spring, when the night temperature rises above 0°C and the top layer of soil dries out a little.

First of all, a two-stage pruning is carried out: the first time after the snow has just melted, and the second time after the buds open and dry shoots and shoots that have already borne fruit are clearly visible. Next, proceed directly to gartering using any of the selected methods.

Winter garter is necessary to prepare the bush for the cold period. To do this, a wire is pulled between the bushes at a distance of approximately 0.25 m from the ground. The shoots of the plant are bent to this wire and secured using synthetic ropes. In winter, snow cover will protect the branches from severe frosts.

Did you know? It is believed that the first raspberry garden was created by Yuri Dolgoruky. The garden was so large that bears and other animals lived in it.

DIY trellis: selecting materials for construction

Raspberries need support already in the second year after planting. Therefore, a trellis for shoots should be installed within the first two years. It is best to place poles and anchors immediately after planting. Next spring, even before the snow has completely melted, while the poles are firmly held in the frozen soil, it is necessary to tension and secure the wire.

To make trellises, you can use reinforced concrete posts or metal pipes of small diameter

Standard reinforced concrete structures with a cross section of 10×10 cm can be used as pillars. Substandard pipes with a diameter of 8-10 cm are also suitable for these purposes. Wood can also be used.

The total length of the poles is 2.2-2.5 m, while their height above the soil surface is 1.5-1.8 m. Before installing them on a raspberry field, metal poles are treated with anti-corrosion substances, for example, immersed in a bath of bitumen, and wooden ones - with antiseptics (soaked for 2-3 days in a solution of copper sulfate). The optimal distance between posts on a plantation is 10-20 m. For 1 hectare you will need from 200 to 400 pieces.

The posts at the end of the row must be additionally secured with anchors. Stainless steel wire is perfect for tensioning between vertical supports. But it is best to use a polyethylene-coated product, polyamide wire or reinforced polyethylene (or propylene) twine.

Each shoot of the plant is tied separately. The stems can be attached to the main wire with another long thread of soft wire or twine, braiding the main thread along with the shoots. The ends of the twine are secured to the outermost posts.

Wood is great for making your own trellises

Helpful advice! When creating a double-sided trellis, the costs will be 30% higher than when creating a one-sided trellis, and 70% more than when constructing a vertical one.

Single support

The most popular garter scheme , in which 2 pairs of two-meter supports are installed at a distance of 3 m. Between the supports you need to stretch 2 (or 3) rows of wire.

Fruiting shoots should be tied to the wire, each separately. Unlike other methods, here the upper part of the shoot remains free. When the top grows above 0.2 m above the top wire, it must be bent and tied.

Important! For tensioning, it is better to use wire made of lightweight materials to prevent increased load on the supports. It should also be remembered that the heavier the material for tying, the smaller the step between the supports should be.

How to tie raspberries correctly: tips for using a trellis

The simplest support is a vertical flat trellis for raspberries (the photos clearly confirm this). Its design is quite simple: these are two rows of wire, fixed at different heights from the soil in the same vertical plane. Usually the first thread is located at a height of 0.6-0.9 m, and the second - 1.2-1.5 m. It is to them that the fruiting raspberry branches are tied at a distance of 7.5-10 cm from each other. In this case, young shoots grow freely, interspersed with fruiting stems, making harvesting a little more difficult. To simplify the garter, you can stretch two strands of wire at each level and place the shoots between them.

If the raspberry patch is located in an area that is well protected from winds, then both strands of wire are pulled at the same level (about 1-1.5 m). In this case, the horizontal distance between the trellises is 0.4-0.5 m. In this case, all shoots are placed between the wires without tying them. This somewhat reduces the cost of gartering.

If the raspberry bushes are well protected from the winds, then the threads need to be pulled at the same level

The distance between the wires can be increased to 1 m. Then the fruiting shoots are tied at a slight angle, forming an inclined double-sided trellis. Thus, young shoots end up in the center of the row and do not interfere with the development of fruiting branches. This placement of raspberries on a trellis (photos demonstrate this) promotes high-quality berry picking both manually and mechanized.

Using an inclined trellis allows you not to tie the shoots, but to clamp them between pairs of wire threads. Such support can be one-sided, but even in this case, separation of young and fruit-bearing stems is achieved.

It is most convenient to do the tying work with two people: one pulls up the shoots, and the other attaches them to the wire. Every 5-10 m it is recommended to tie the twine to the main wire. You can make a loop on the intermediate post. Such actions help prevent branches from being knocked into groups under the influence of the wind. This option will also help reduce labor costs for tying and cutting out old shoots (compared to securing each shoot with a separate thread).

When tying raspberries to a trellis, it is necessary to separate the young shoots from the fruiting stems

There are many photos on the Internet on how to tie raspberries. They will make the process easier. We also recommend watching a video of gartering raspberries on a trellis.

Do I need to tie up raspberries?

Raspberry is a berry plant consisting of tall specimens. On average, the height of the shoots is 1.5-2 m. Over time, highly elongated branches begin to bend to the ground. They are hit by strong gusts of wind. Frequent heavy rainfall can break flexible shoots. It can also break under the weight of the filling crop. Raspberry garter will come to the rescue.

There is another important agricultural technique, but it will not replace the garter - cutting. Even if you trim most of the specimen, the shoots will continue to move upward. As a result, they will become an obstacle to caring for the bush: loosening, fertilizing and high-quality watering.

Attention! Long vines will interfere with harvesting.

A factor that also indicates the need for tying is the light-loving nature of the berry plant. Only with an abundance of light is the crop able to reach biological ripeness, having collected the appropriate amount of sugars. If the berries are in the shade, they are predominantly sour and do not achieve varietal characteristics - weight, shape. This can be avoided if you properly tie the raspberries, ensuring access to sunlight to each fruit-bearing shoot. The optimal time for carrying out agrotechnical measures is early spring, immediately after pruning excess and frost-damaged branches.

We make a trellis for raspberries with our own hands, photos of finished structures

You can buy a trellis, or you can create it yourself. To do this, you need to follow the recommendations and tips that will tell you how to make a raspberry trellis with your own hands.

As a basis, stakes made of wood, iron fittings and other available materials are used. The only requirement for the material is that it should not sag or break under the heavy weight of the plant. Wire, twine or fishing line are pulled between the structures. It’s easy to find photos of raspberry trellises of any design on the Internet.

Trellis made from wooden tracks are easy to use, functional and look good on the site

Regardless of the type of trellis for raspberries, the wire is usually pulled in two rows - one under the other. The first row is used for fixing young branches, and the second for two-year-old shoots. The lower one is stretched at a distance of 40-60 cm above ground level, the upper one - 1.5 m. This value may vary depending on the height of the bushes. It is best to fix the thread 30-40 cm below the maximum height of the plant. The optimal distance between the bases is 7-9 m. However, when choosing it, you need to take into account the strength and elasticity of the wire.

Helpful advice! You can organize a trellis for other types of plants. For example, a DIY rose trellis will ennoble the area and be pleasing to the eye.

Making a trellis for raspberries with your own hands: step-by-step instructions

First you need to treat the base with protective substances. If wood is used, it must be coated with a protective varnish. This will slow down the process of decay of the material in the ground. Similar actions must be performed with iron structures to prevent the corrosion process.
When creating a T-shaped or Y-shaped trellis, you need to nail the strips with nails (at least 5 cm long and 3 ml in diameter).
For the foundations, holes are dug in the soil. It is recommended to do this with a special drill, but it can also be done manually.
The wire is secured with nails. It is important that they are driven in at the same distance from the ground, otherwise the branches of the bushes will slide along the wire in one direction.
The wire is pulled tightly between the bases and firmly fixed on the nails.

Drawing of a T-shaped trellis for raspberry bushes

The use of modern technologies to obtain a good raspberry harvest is impossible without the use of special devices. A raspberry trellis is an excellent opportunity to conveniently grow berries in a small area.

There is no better method to increase the yield of a plant and reduce the time it takes to care for it than tying up raspberries in the spring. This process is difficult and time-consuming, but it will fully pay for itself after increasing the productivity of the shrubs. You can buy a raspberry trellis or make it yourself. For manufacturing, any durable material is used, including plastic trellis.

Beautiful and functional trellises improve the yield, make it easier to care for plants and help protect them from diseases. Raspberry trellises are the best solution that has many advantages. Indeed, thanks to this design, the process of tying up shoots becomes quite simple. In addition, you can change the garters over time. It is also recommended to use a trellis in a greenhouse.

Materials used for garter

The best materials for gartering raspberry plantations have always been considered:

nylon tapes or threads;
wooden slats 2 m long;
precast concrete pipes;
metal posts;
stakes made of wood or plastic;
steel bars;
skeins of twine;
synthetic fabric strips;
wire with plastic braid;
twine made of harsh threads.

There are still a lot of different products suitable for knitting. With proper ingenuity, you can come up with many ways to fasten branches to various supports. It is important that the products used do not injure the skin and the branches of the plant themselves.

Tilling the soil and fertilizing raspberries in spring

Caring for raspberries must necessarily include soil treatment and feeding of seedlings. Gardeners often combine the process of applying fertilizers with watering, removing weeds and loosening the soil.

Loosening and mulching the soil

No matter where raspberries grow, care in the spring necessarily includes loosening, especially if the soil is waterlogged. It is necessary to cultivate the soil in early spring especially carefully, going deep only up to 15 cm between rows, and up to 5-7 cm near raspberry bushes, so as not to damage the roots of the plants.

After loosening the soil in the raspberry field, it is necessary to mulch with a layer of peat, compost, sawdust or straw to retain moisture. The mulch layer after settling should be at least 5 cm in height.

Irrigation technology

Raspberries are sensitive to both excess and insufficient moisture. Therefore, it should be watered as the soil dries out, and in accordance with weather conditions - pouring water into the grooves of the bushes up to twice a week.

Mulched areas need moisture less often. To make the process even more convenient, economical and efficient, you can use the drip irrigation method.

How to feed raspberries in spring

Fertilizers can be applied in spring to moisture-saturated soil from mid-April. For the first feeding, nitrogen-containing fertilizers (ammonium nitrate, urea) are suitable at the rate of 100 g per 1 sq.m., or humus - about 3 kg for the same area of land.

At the moment of formation of the ovary, so as not to inhibit the growth of shoots, gardeners additionally use superphosphates, which contain, in addition to nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur. Approximately 40 g of fertilizer is taken for each square meter of raspberry plant.

During active growth, in addition to synthetic fertilizers, you can feed the raspberries 2-3 times with organic matter, for example, chicken droppings or mullein diluted in water (1 kg per 5-10 liters of liquid). This composition is poured directly into the grooves of the seedlings at the rate of 5 liters per meter.

Types of trellis fastenings

There are a number of techniques for gartering raspberries.

Garter on a single trellis

A single garter on a trellis involves creating a support by tensioning the wire at three levels between small posts.

Single trellis

Brief instructions on how to secure raspberry bushes to a trellis support:

two-meter pillars are dug into the soil 0.5 meters deep;
the placement of supports relative to one another is 4 meters;
support pillars are dug in;
the remaining supports are placed;
pull three rows of wire;
secure the structure with bolts and brackets.

The trellis design is compact, which allows it to be built in small gardens. With this method, each stem of the raspberry bush, including the remontant variety, is tied separately, which guarantees an abundant supply of sunlight and protection from the winds.

The negative side of choosing a trellis garter is the risk of breaking fruiting branches during harvesting in the fall, which can happen if there is no garter for the row located closer to the ground.

Fastening to a double trellis

A double garter on a trellis is carried out on two installed crossbars, the height of which is about half a meter. A wire is stretched at the ends of each of them. The lower edge of the wire is placed at a meter height, and the upper edge at a level of 1.5 meters. The construction of a double trellis structure allows the placement within the same territory of a number of fruit-bearing shoots that is many times greater than the number of stems that can be tied to a single trellis, which will allow for a larger harvest. But collecting ripe fruits and cutting stems with this method of fastening becomes more problematic. In addition, you can injure your hands on the thorny stems of raspberry bushes. The risk of damage to shoots is also high.

Constructing a trellis in Scandinavian style

If a novice gardener is concerned about the question of how to beautifully fence raspberries, it makes sense to pay attention to the Scandinavian scheme for constructing a support structure. The Scandinavian method of trellis gartering consists of constructing a wire structure on a meter-high crossbar, which is placed at a distance of a meter from the ground surface

You also need to install paired pillars. Adjacent paired supports are located at the same interval. Weaving around the Scandinavian trellis structure, the stems of the raspberry bush sprout in a V-shaped profile.

Garter on a moving turnstile

The technique of trellis gartering on a movable turnstile is complicated in terms of execution technique. The advantage of this design is the ability to change the position of the supports towards a vertical or horizontal tilt with fixed fruit-bearing shoots, the maximum limit of mobility of which is 120o. Fruit harvesting is greatly facilitated. A rich harvest is achieved thanks to good sunlight on the fruiting stems.

Tied remontant raspberries

How to prepare raspberries for wintering - when to start pruning and how to do it correctly

Gardeners have differing opinions about when to start caring for bushes in the fall. Some believe that it is necessary to cut them right before frost, thus causing minimal harm to the plant - the movement of sap stops at this time, and it would be best to cut off part of the shoots. Others argue that immediately after fruiting it is necessary to remove unnecessary shoots, which will give the rhizome more energy for development.

But most gardeners are sure that pruning should be done in early September, the deadline is early October. The argument is very simple. The fact is that it is at this time that the amount of juice in the stems is still large, but its circulation is much lower than in summer, for example. After pruning, you need to wrap the bushes, tie them and bend them to the ground, and doing this at the end of October and November will simply be impossible due to the high fragility of the stem.

We’ve decided on the deadline, now let’s turn our attention to the pruning process itself. In order for the bush to be properly prepared for winter, we need to remove:

Old dry shoots. Regardless of how you care for the plant throughout the year, dry shoots cannot be avoided and they will definitely be present in some quantity. We remove them at the root to clean up the thickets a little and allow us to move normally around the plantation.
Young shoots. Many novice gardeners leave them and make a big mistake. They will freeze anyway, since the stem has no wood, and any frost will be fatal for it. The young shoot only wastes the energy of the bush, that is, useful substances that could be sent to the rhizome and developed. We remove such shoots at the root as early as possible!
Unnecessary branches in too dense bushes. Please note that the number of shoots affects the weight of one fruit and the more thickets you have in your garden bed, the smaller the berries will be. You need to leave no more than 5-7 shoots on a 3-4-year-old bush - this is the best option if fertilizers will be constantly applied. If there are none, then 5 shoots is the maximum so that the root system has enough strength to provide the entire vegetative mass with a sufficient amount of nutrients.

Methods

High yields of most raspberry bushes are possible only if they are properly and, most importantly, timely tying up. In this case, the key point lies in the skill and experience of the gardener, as well as the features of the chosen method of fixing the shoots. It is no secret that it is not enough just to purchase and plant a good variety of raspberries. Without proper care, the berries will very quickly become crushed, lose their taste, and as a result, the bushes may stop producing any fruit at all. That is why it is recommended to pay special attention to choosing the most suitable garter method.

At the moment, there are three main options, each of which has proven itself exclusively on the positive side. These methods have been successfully used for many decades and at the same time make it possible to maximize the yield of berry crops. And in this case we are talking about the following methods:

Naturally, the choice in favor of a particular option is determined by the characteristics of the raspberry variety being processed, the gardener’s availability of materials, as well as his personal preferences and experience.

Climatic conditions in the region will also play an equally important role. By the way, taking into account the listed criteria, experienced gardeners often practice combined garter methods, which include elements of all three mentioned methods.

Particular attention should be paid to single tying of bushes, which will be the optimal solution for small areas. The algorithm of actions in this case is as follows.

The main advantage of this method is the reliable protection of bushes from gusts of wind . If we talk about its disadvantages, it should be noted that this approach increases the risk of damage to young shoots. You can avoid breaking off the growth by tying it to a plastic wire at the bottom.

Kolovy

The main feature of this method of constructing structures for garter is that a 2-meter stake or rail is placed in the center (hammered into the ground). It should ultimately be 0.4 or 0.5 m higher than the bushes. After this you need:

Bunch or stake version of tying raspberries

This option for tying raspberries involves tying the stems into a bunch of 6-7 pieces. They are tied to a pole at a level of one and a half meters. It is stuck in the center of a semi-shrub. When the plant is taller than the pole, its top bends like an arc and is also secured to the pole.

This is the simplest, but not the most effective option for tying raspberries. Plants are densely packed and lack light and air. Berries ripen later, plants get sick more often.

Pruning raspberries in the fall - a few “commandments” of a successful gardener

When to prune raspberries - optimal timing

You need to use only sharp pruning shears and monitor the quality of the cut so that the wood does not “chew” or bend the area below the cut. Don’t be afraid to remove more - all the energy will then go into the remaining green mass and will be returned to you in large quantities of fruits next year.

Pruning raspberries can be done immediately after fruiting

Raspberry is a shrub with a round stem covered with straight thorns and producing many shoots. In the first year, the branches of the plant are green, and then they gradually become woody. In their place, new shoots grow from the same root. The flowers of the plant are small, collected in panicles. Raspberries are usually red. Its pulp has small seeds. Flowering of this representative of the flora begins in June. To get and maintain a good harvest, you need to tie up the plant. We will talk further about how to tie raspberries correctly. This plant is very popular among gardeners and gardeners.

Only fruiting stems are tied to the top; at a distanceA trellis can be made of different types,

Fig. 1 The simplest trellis

50-70 cm

With such a garter

Caring for conventional varieties and the “double cut” method

These side shoots of raspberries are also shortened, leaving on each

Do not use stiff wire or tighten it on the shoot

If you think that a properly organized bush is only a decorative decoration for the garden bed, then you are deeply mistaken. This is a necessary operation that will achieve the following goals:

- this is what gardeners do who want to get a large number of stems next year and develop the bush, and not get a large harvest of berries. Most often, after fruiting, unnecessary shoots are immediately cut out and no more than 5-7 shoots are left, which will survive until next year. They can be shortened at a time when the air temperature is below 10 degrees and the movement of juice will slow down significantly.

Types, varieties and ripening times of raspberries 7-10 cm

vertical or inclined

Garter of bushes - its advantages and types

Fig. 2 Sloping trellis

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the picking of berries is made easier and the annual shoots are not damaged (they grow vertically upward in the center of the bush), the access of light and air to the plants is improved and, as a result, the yield is significantly increased.
Stake garter.
3-6 kidneys
- it grows quickly and will absorb it inside over time, slowing down its growth. It is also worth remembering that closely tied branches are a potential “home” for insects and a future breeding ground for fungal diseases, so try to provide maximum ventilation. Do not install the trellis too high; it is better to pin the top in time and make a fan - you will get much more fruit next year and it will be more convenient to harvest.

Reduce the number of pests and reduce the risk of fungal diseases. A properly organized bush does not darken the ground and is well ventilated, due to which brown and white spots almost never appear on the leaves. The number of insect pests is significantly reduced, for which there is very little shelter.

Techniques that can be used on ordinary varieties will not always work as effectively on remontant varieties of raspberries. Here it is necessary to take into account one feature - they bear fruit almost the entire season, starting from July and ending with the first frosts. Therefore, if you want to get the maximum yield, then shortening the stems in summer and cutting raspberries in the fall will no longer suit you. Some sacrifice the harvest and develop the bush as much as possible in the first 2 years, so that later they can get a lot of berries from two-year shoots. There is no extreme limit when you need to prune raspberries - this can be done even in frosty weather if you want to enjoy the berries longer, but if possible, it is better to hurry.

Raspberries are divided into the following varieties: traditional, large-fruited and remontant. Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages.
one from the other.
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Fig. 3 Gartering the stems by weaving twine to the wire on a vertical flat trellisNext yearThe best way to tie raspberries is on the page - Growing raspberries on a trellis

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Fan method

In this version of the garter you have to work with each pair of bushes. The stakes will be installed between them. The bush is divided into two halves, each of which is tied to adjacent poles, on the left or right. In turn, 2 halves of adjacent bushes are tied to one peg.

The tied shoots look like a fan, hence the name of this type of garter. The fan method allows young branches to grow without interference. Raspberries receive all the necessary favorable conditions for development: warmth, light and good ventilation. With this option of tying raspberries, it is easy to pick the berries.

This method of tying raspberries to a support is used in small areas.