Raspberries are one of those cultivated plants that you don't have to worry too much about. What can I say, it will give many weeds a head start in terms of vitality and filling the free corners of the area adjacent to the raspberry tree.
Raspberry ovaries in July
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Pruning remontant raspberries in the fall for beginners
Raspberries have become smaller: let’s look at the reasons
But sometimes it happens that individual raspberry bushes, part of the shoots, ovaries and berries on them, suddenly begin to dry out and wither without obvious reason. There can be many reasons for this behavior, let’s look at the main ones.
How can you tell if raspberries are wilting?
The phenomenon of drying out leaves and stems is called dieback syndrome. Mostly young shoots are at risk. They are susceptible to cracking during the period of active growth. Because of this, larvae or fungal spores can easily get inside. Their activity contributes to the withering of the bush.
There are several signs of bush damage:
- yellowing and curling of leaves;
- reduction in foliage size;
- increased stretching of stems;
- deformation of the root system;
- absence of ovaries or partial drying of berries.
When planting seedlings, you should always pay attention to their condition. Healthy shoots are less susceptible to attack by parasites and diseases.
The berries are drying up
The berries on the affected bush do not turn red. Some of the grains acquire a white or gray tint. The fruits dry out before they ripen. This phenomenon is associated with exposure to direct sunlight and growing in low humidity conditions. Most often, plants that are not properly cared for are at risk.
The most common mistakes gardeners make include:
- irregular irrigation;
- watering during hot weather and moisture getting on the leaves;
- lack of minerals.
Raspberries need to be watered at the root - in the morning or evening. It is advisable to mulch the soil. This will retain moisture and nutrients longer.
The leaves are curling up
This is one of the signs of the appearance of aphids and the development of the disease - yellow mosaic. A certain period passes from the moment of infection. The disease appears only after the berries have ripened. Then the appearance of the leaves changes:
- they become covered with light spots;
- the tops of the leaves curl;
- the leaves become deformed and dry out.
Important! Affected areas must be torn off and burned. Then the disease will not spread further. And to combat parasites they use chemicals - “Iskra” or “Inta-Vir”.
Leaves turn yellow in spring or summer
During this period, wilting and yellowing of foliage is associated with the following phenomena:
- excess moisture;
- drought;
- micronutrient deficiency;
- development of chlorosis.
The raspberry tree can be revived. To do this, plants are fertilized with nitrogen preparations and diluted bird droppings. Potassium salt and superphosphate cannot be used during this period.
In hot weather, bushes are often irrigated with warm water. And with high humidity and frequent precipitation, it is better to refuse watering.
The stems are twisting
In conditions of high temperature and humidity or when the planting density is excessive, raspberries become a favorable environment for anthracnose pathogens. Then the stems become spotted and curl up.
To prevent the disease it is necessary:
- pull out weeds in a timely manner;
- thin out bushes;
- In spring, treat plants with 1% Bordeaux mixture.
Attention! Infected shoots cannot be treated. Affected stems are cut off and burned. After this, the land is treated with fungicides.
Dried greens along with berries
On raspberries, ovaries form only on annual stems. Old shoots gradually dry out and die. But sometimes young branches dry out along with the fruits. Then the raspberry tree needs thinning and abundant watering.
Plants also dry out when infected with fungi or viruses. Then they are treated with one of the drugs of your choice:
- fungicide "Oxyx";
- Bordeaux mixture;
- urea.
In case of severe damage by diseases or pests, the bushes are dug up and burned.
Drying of branches and berries: fungi or shoot gall midge
This problem often arises when raspberry branches dry with berries. This process is called die-off syndrome. Young plants often suffer from it, since as they grow, the shoots begin to crack. Such conditions are ideal for the activity of various parasites and fungi, which provoke drying out.
If fungi are to blame for the disease, then death occurs in early spring. After wintering, the branches grow much slower and gradually dry out. If raspberries do not have enough water, then everything happens at an increased speed. If you do nothing, there is a possibility of losing all the stems and ovaries. The same effect is typical for overfeeding the soil with growth accelerators.
Another culprit of the disease is the shoot gall midge. It penetrates through cracks into the shoots and stems, lays larvae there, and they devour the bark and destroy the periderm. As a result, the bush is very vulnerable to any harmful influences. A characteristic sign of gall midge activity is ulcers that do not allow nutrients to spread throughout parts of the plant. The top of the stem dies.
If only the berries dry, the plant suffers from a virus carried by cicadas or aphids. With viral chlorosis, the fruits have problems with development and do not gain sufficient weight. With a yellow mosaic, the crop either dries out or develops one-sidedly. Curliness is characterized by poor formation of berries and their drying out. The bushes die off within a few years.
Why does the bush dry out? Main reasons
A dried plant may die. Sometimes you have to renew entire raspberry plantations. Deformation of the bush occurs under the influence of the following factors:
- Root cancer. It appears in the form of growths on the roots.
- Presence of parasites – stem gall midges or aphids.
- Purple spot disease.
- Dry soil.
- The raspberries did not have time to take root before the onset of winter. Then, during severe frosts, the root system is damaged.
Important! The choice of location for the raspberry plant is also important. In the shade, the bushes will feel uncomfortable and lack light. In this case, the foliage will begin to die.
Wrong climate
Plants will wilt and turn yellow under the following conditions:
- when water stagnates;
- with high or low humidity;
- with a lack of sunlight.
The bushes are growing rapidly. Moisture does not evaporate well. And dense thickets become a favorable environment for pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, the raspberry tree needs to be thinned out periodically.
Interesting! Raspberries cannot be planted in lowlands. After heavy rains, the groundwater level may rise. Then the roots will begin to rot.
Lack of moisture
Shoot dieback syndrome usually occurs in hot weather. Stems and leaves begin to dry out from lack of water. Then the ovaries also remain without moisture and without nutrition.
You can fix the problem as follows:
- Moisten raspberries as the soil dries out.
- Water early in the morning or evening. In the heat, moisture quickly evaporates, and the roots do not have time to absorb it.
- Mulch the beds. Then the moisture is retained in the soil longer.
During severe drought, up to 80% of the crop can be lost.
Damage to the root system
Raspberry roots may be damaged in the following cases:
- from diseases;
- from cockchafer larvae;
- if the soil is loosened improperly;
- when the soil becomes waterlogged.
Then the plants cannot fully receive moisture from the ground. After this, nutritional deficiencies also occur. And if the root system is severely deformed, new shoots stop growing. The old branches begin to dry out and die.
Improper care
The raspberry root system is actively growing. At the same time, new stems are formed. Excess growth should be removed 1-2 times a year. Otherwise, the plants will dry out and turn yellow.
The most common mistakes in the care process also include:
- irregular watering;
- the presence of weeds in the garden;
- failure to comply with pruning deadlines;
- deficiency or excess of fertilizers.
The soil must be moist. But there should not be stagnation of water. If raspberries grow on sandy soil, they will more often need feeding. Minerals are washed out of sand faster.
Prevention - proper care, feeding, watering
The easiest way to avoid many problems is to purchase varieties that are resistant to diseases and unfavorable growing conditions. Even in this case, it is recommended to strictly follow the rules of prevention. The first requirement is to plant young bushes correctly. Maintain a distance between plants (up to half a meter) and rows (at least a meter). Consider the size of adult bushes - if tall raspberries are grown, it is recommended to increase the distance or replant as they grow.
It is also recommended to adhere to the rules for growing crops:
Using mulch will also help significantly improve the condition of plants. A layer of compost or peat will protect the roots of the bushes from drying out, prevent compaction of the soil, and provide useful elements.
Prevention also includes treating bushes against pests. It is recommended to use Actellik or Karbofos solution as prophylactic agents. A prerequisite is to alternate preparations; insects quickly get used to one composition.
Having discovered that raspberry leaves are drying, it is recommended to immediately determine the factor that caused the appearance of this alarm signal. If the problem consists of mistakes made in care, immediately correct the shortcomings - this is enough for the bushes to continue active growth and build up beautiful green mass. If the problem is pests or diseases, you will have to apply treatment in the form of drugs or home remedies, otherwise it will be easy to destroy the plants.
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Diseases and how to treat them?
Improper care combined with an unfavorable microclimate makes bushes vulnerable to various diseases.
The following diseases pose a danger to raspberries:
- powdery mildew;
- anthracnose;
- canker spotting;
- gray rot.
Drying shoots must be removed and burned. The raspberry tree itself is treated with Nitrafen. This helps destroy insects that carry the infection. After this, the soil under the bushes is dug up. But at the same time you need to try not to damage the root system.
Pests - how to deal with them?
Fruit crops are very attractive to parasites. Most of them feed on the juice from the leaves. This causes the plant to turn yellow and die.
Raspberry pests include:
- glassware;
- aphid;
- gall midge;
- spider mite;
- nematodes;
- stem flies.
Important! To prevent parasites, raspberries are sprayed with garlic tincture 1-2 times a month. And when they invade, insecticides are used.
Leaves turn yellow and dry out due to pests
Garden pests carry infections and viruses that can destroy the entire planting. They eat leaves and shoots, suck out the juices from them, and the plates begin to wither and turn yellow.
1. Aphids are the most dangerous carrier of mosaic and other incurable viruses. Usually it hides on the inside of the plates and seems to leave a coating on the surface.
2. Berry weevils eat leaf cuttings, which is why they cannot grow normally. Later, the pests move on to the buds and pedicels.
3. Caterpillars of various butterflies eat holes in the shoots and pupate. Weak and diseased leaves grow on damaged branches, the shoots do not bear fruit, and then completely dry out.
4. Spider mites leave a whitish coating on the leaves and drink the juices from them. First, the plates become covered with small yellow-brown dots, then they wither and dry out.
Photo: frukti-yagodi.ru
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What to do if the raspberries are missing?
If measures are not taken in time, the bushes may die. Further actions depend on the degree of damage to the raspberry tree:
- Death of 10-20% of shoots. The thickets need to be thinned out. After some time, new shoots will appear.
- Up to 50% of the bushes were damaged. It is enough to remove damaged shoots and eliminate the cause of their drying.
- Almost all the plants were gone. It is necessary to select healthy shoots and transplant them to a new location. It is better to dig up the old bed and treat the soil with Bordeaux mixture.
And if the root system is damaged, you will have to purchase new planting material.
First aid
At the first signs of wilting, you need to immediately take measures to save the bushes. To do this you need:
- carefully examine the shoots;
- cut damaged ones down to ground level;
- burn them;
- loosen the soil.
Next, the plants require proper care. Do not allow the soil to dry out or water to stagnate in the area.
Peculiarity! After eliminating the causes of yellowing, raspberries can be fed with complex fertilizers. Then she will recover faster.
How to treat the bush?
Raspberry processing is effective only in spring. At this time, insect activity is still low. In this case, the air temperature should not be higher than +12 degrees. To protect against parasites, shoots are sprayed with a 0.2% Chlorophos solution. After 2 weeks, the procedure is repeated.
During the formation of ovaries, insecticides are used:
- "Karate";
- "Confidor";
- "Calypso".
They treat the lower part of the stems.
Verticillium wilt of young shoots
One of the most dangerous diseases for raspberries is verticillium wilt. It affects the entire plant, the bushes wither and die in a short time. The top of the shoot of an infected plant begins to dry, then the leaves near the ground. Dark purple spots form on the branches, and the bark begins to crack. The disease virus penetrates the branch through a wound or any mechanical damage, develops rapidly and destroys the crop. Verticillium wilt is very difficult to treat.
Tobacco dust is often used in gardening against pests. The product is considered environmentally friendly because…
Regular treatment with antifungal drugs will help defeat the disease:
Preventive treatments with fungicides in the spring will help avoid infection. Healthy planting material and loosening the soil will also reduce the likelihood of fungal spores appearing on the shoots.
In any case, the appearance of a large number of dry branches and stopping the development of young shoots should alert the gardener: you must first establish the cause, and then begin treatment. Raspberries can be revived if you use an integrated approach to processing and remove suspicious shoots.
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Gardening tips for those who lose raspberries
Complete wilting of raspberries can be prevented. To do this you need:
- Trim damaged areas. Sprinkle the cut areas with ash.
- Tie up the remaining healthy shoots. This will also make it easier to collect the fruits and prevent them from rotting.
- Mulch the soil with old newspapers or a layer of grass.
After harvesting, it is better to remove old stems immediately. Then they will not interfere with the development of young shoots.
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