Proper feeding of tomatoes in a greenhouse: what fertilizers and when to use

Which fertilizers do tomatoes really need in a greenhouse?

All feeding of tomatoes in the greenhouse is divided into three groups:

• minerals (potassium sulfate, calcium and ammonium nitrate, urea, superphosphate and nitroammophosphate);
• organic matter (compost and humus);
• organomineral mixtures and humus (Forte, OMU, Joy, Florizel, etc.).

There are also narrowly targeted drugs, such as stimulants of fruit formation, root formation, growth, and anti-stress (“Kornevin”, “Bud”, “Energen”, “Ovary”, “Epin”, “Zircon”, etc.).

Some farmers prefer to use a suitable fertilizer for tomatoes once in the spring in a greenhouse, receiving about 1–2 kg of vegetables per bush. But if you want a more abundant harvest, the maximum benefit from each meter of greenhouse soil can be obtained only with the help of competent regular fertilizing. The effort spent will pay off with an abundance of beautiful and tasty fruits.

Fertilizers for tomatoes and peppers

1. Superphosphate - is used for tomatoes most often in the practice of gardeners, because it contains nitrogen, which is so necessary for full development, and also contains magnesium, sulfur, etc. This product should be used in acidic and alkaline soil, since this fertilizer reduces these indicators. This fertilizer can be used not only for tomatoes, but also for any crops of the nightshade family. This fertilizer is sold in powder or granule form. In order to apply fertilizer, it is necessary to dilute the fertilizer and spray it.
2. Complex - These consist of several useful components, collected into one. It is a compound of potassium, nitrogen and phosphorus. This fertilizer is considered very good and beneficial for the growth and fruiting of tomatoes.
3. If you don’t want to use store-bought fertilizers, then natural substances will come to the rescue. It can be manure or humus, with the addition of ash, peat and soil. They are natural homemade fertilizers that are in no way inferior to store-bought ones.

What fertilizers should be applied in the spring when planting tomatoes?

When choosing what fertilizers to apply when planting tomatoes, you will have to consider different groups of fertilizers:

• NPK complex;
• potassium and phosphorus additives;
• nitrogen fertilizers;
• microelements.

NPK is nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Industrial agrochemicals are produced in sealed packages with detailed instructions. The most common drugs were nitrophoska and azofoska. The first has a beneficial effect on the quality of the soil, promotes the growth of greenery and the formation of large tomatoes. The second is universal, both for crops and types of soil, improves the condition of the root system and strengthens the green part of the bushes.

Fertilizing with nitrogen is needed during rooting, green growth and fruit set. Fertilizer is applied 2 weeks before planting or immediately before it. The most popular compositions are urea and ammonium nitrate.

Compositions with potassium and phosphorus are used simultaneously. Both elements ensure the development of fruits, give them taste and color. Additions begin from the period of formation of buds and the first ovaries. In the fall, it is advisable to enrich the soil with potassium and phosphorus for future harvests. Potassium salt, monophosphate, potassium chloride, superphosphate are on sale.

Microelements are embedded in the soil in advance; fertilizing is not recommended when planting tomatoes. The main substances needed by the culture:

• potassium sulfate (harvest keeping quality);
• magnesium and zinc (immunity and fetal formation);
• boric acid (yield).

What can be added from organic matter and in what quantities?

Organic matter that is used for tomatoes can be found in every farm. These are well-known humus, compost, ash, peat and some other means that can become sources of minerals and vitamins for tomatoes, for example, egg shells, onion peels and yeast.

Wood ash

After burning plant residues, almost all mineral elements remain in the ashes, except nitrogen, therefore, this is the fertilizer that needs to be applied when planting tomatoes.

It is enough to pour a handful of ash under each seedling bush, mix it with soil and plant the plant in the hole.

Yeast solution

Regular yeast can be a good fertilizer for tomatoes when they are planted in the beds. They contain a lot of minerals and vitamins, which, entering plant tissues from the soil, will help accelerate adaptation and survival, and strengthen the immunity of tomatoes.

The wells are watered with a yeast solution one day before planting plants in them. For each, 0.2-0.25 liters are consumed. The solution is prepared at the rate of 20 g of yeast per bucket of warm water.

Rotted manure

Fresh manure is not placed in the holes, but rotted manure is used quite often. The manure of any farm animals and birds will do: horses, cows and pigs, goats, rabbits, chickens and geese, ducks, etc.

Folk remedies for the benefit of the harvest

Whether it is worth using organic fertilizers when planting tomato seedlings in a greenhouse is a question that causes debate among farmers. The majority speak positively about the effect of humus on young shoots. You can apply it during soil preparation, calculating a consumption of 5–6 kg per 1 sq. m. m. Then they dig up the bed. Dung for greenhouse fertilizing is diluted with water in a ratio of 1:10. Treatment is carried out 20 days after planting the seedlings in the greenhouse.

A good option for natural fertilizer when planting tomatoes in a hole is eggshells, wood ash, manganese solution. Ash is added at the rate of 100 g per hole. The shells are crushed before application, and a solution of potassium permanganate is used to treat the soil against fungi and bacteria.

Universal fertilizers when planting tomatoes (in a greenhouse, in open ground):

• iodine solution. It has a good effect on the speed of ripening and weight of tomatoes, and protects against late blight. For 10 liters of water take 4 drops of iodine. 2 liters of solution are poured under each bush;
• herbal infusion. Chopped dandelion leaves and nettle greens are placed in a 200 liter barrel. The approximate volume of greens is 1/3 of the container. Add 1 bucket of manure and fill with water. Cover with film and leave for 10 days. The finished concentrate is diluted with water at the rate of 1:10. 3.5 liters are poured under each bush;
• milk-iodine solution. Disinfects the plant, protects against late blight, increases productivity. For 10 liters of water take 1 liter of whey and 20 drops of iodine. For each bush, 1 liter of solution is consumed;
• mullein solution. The bucket is filled in half with mullein and water, and left under the lid for a week. The finished concentrate is mixed, water is added in a ratio of 1:10. 0.5 liters of liquid is poured under each bush.

How can you fertilize the soil in a greenhouse?

High-quality greenhouse soil is the first condition for obtaining a high yield. It is best to use organic fertilizers.

Humus

This organic fertilizer is obtained from rotted and decomposed leaves, plant debris, and manure. Humus saturates the soil with useful substances. This soil is favorable for seedlings, so experienced gardeners always use humus for young plants. High-quality humus must rot well, only then can it be used.

Feeding with peat

Peat needs light high peat. You can replace it with lowland dark. Experienced gardeners advise taking a transitional one. Pure is not recommended, as it has a high level of acidity, which will not have the best effect on the soil.

Peat is used “ripe”, that is, specially prepared. To obtain fertilizer of the required quality, first a layer of peat is poured - no more than half a meter high, then there is a layer of manure, and a layer of peat is again poured on top. The fertilizer must be covered and kept for a year without using it. The resulting peat is added in the spring when digging the ridges. The soil becomes airy, loose, rich in substances valuable for plants.

How to compost

Compost is peat, fallen leaves, manure, wood ash and soil, taken in approximately different proportions. Slaked soda is also added to the mixture. The mixture is poured with water, mixed thoroughly and covered with a peat “blanket”. Can be used as shelter and sawdust. Compost is usually stored in a wooden box, so it will better reach its condition. Compost is good for growing vegetables. Compost is added when digging the ground to a depth of half a spade.

How to properly apply manure to the ground

Gardeners seeking high yields believe that there is no better approval than manure. Manure contains many elements valuable for plants; manure has a positive effect on soil structure. Usually manure is applied to the ground in the fall and dug up. And in the spring the ridges are essentially ready. You can “flavor” the soil with manure in the spring, but with rotted manure. Fresh manure, which has the ability to increase soil temperature, is used if it is necessary to create a thermal effect. In addition, liquid fertilizer is prepared from fresh manure.

Bed processing schedule

When using different fertilizers for tomatoes in a greenhouse during planting and during the growing process, it is necessary to strictly adhere to the dosage and timing of application. An approximate diagram is as follows:

1. Treatment with complex compounds or nitrophoska 2 weeks after planting. For 1 liter of water take 0.5 tsp. composition.
2. After 10 days, use nitrophoska and a weak solution of potassium permanganate.
3. After 14 days from picking, add potassium sulfate and superphosphate (1 tablespoon each per bucket of water).
4. Treatment after transplantation into the hole. You will need superphosphate and saltpeter - 1 tbsp for each hole. l.
5. After 10 days from transplanting, water the soil with a weak solution of potassium permanganate.
6. After 14 days, fertilize the soil by dissolving 20 g of ammonium nitrate in 10 liters of water.
7. Foliar treatment is carried out weekly with a composition of 10 g of superphosphate, urea, potassium sulfate and 10 liters of water.
8. When the brushes appear, a solution of azofoska and mullein is poured onto the tomatoes at the rate of 25 g per bucket of water.
9. The main fertilizer is applied every 14 days. The most popular option is potassium sulfate and mullein. Instead of the latter, saltpeter can be used.

Advice from gardeners: the better way to fertilize the soil in a greenhouse in the spring

The soil in the greenhouse is prepared as follows: in the spring, before planting seedlings, compost and manure are poured, approximately 6 kilograms of organic matter are taken per square meter. Then mineral fertilizers are applied to the formed ridges.

What to add to the ground before planting tomatoes

In order for the soil to acquire the desired fertile composition, it must contain three components - potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus. It is possible to use complex fertilizers, such as OMU “For tomatoes, peppers, eggplants”, “Signor Tomato”, “Spring-Summer Universal”.

If you use the fertilizer “For tomatoes, peppers, eggplants,” then put 20 grams in the hole. You will need a tablespoon of Signor Tomato fertilizer for each hole. The preparation “Spring-Summer Universal” for feeding is taken in the amount of two tablespoons per hole.

If specifically phosphorus, potassium or nitrogen fertilizers are used, it is important not to confuse the proportions so that fertilizing does not harm the plant.

Diammofosk is applied in the amount of half a teaspoon per well. Ammophoska, which contains 15 percent potassium, 15 percent potassium, 12 percent nitrogen, is added to the hole in an amount of no more than 6 grams of the drug.

Wood ash is a suitable organic fertilizer. You need to add about one and a half tablespoons of fertilizer to each hole. You can also use humus. Approximately 50 grams of it are taken per hole, that is, a couple of handfuls. It is worth noting that it is strictly forbidden to try on fresh manure - the plants will actively increase their growth, but there will be few fruits.

Nutrients according to folk recipes are also added to the soil. This can be onion peels (a handful is enough for one hole), yeast infused for a day, crushed eggshells.

Yeast is infused like this: 10 grams of yeast are diluted in a bucket of water and left for a day. Before planting tomatoes, water the hole with the solution. Take a glass for one well.

Powder from the shell is poured into each well - a couple of tablespoons is enough.

How to feed tomatoes after planting in the ground

What to add to the ground before planting cucumbers

The land for cucumbers needs to be prepared as follows: a ditch is dug in the ridge and filled with humus. Then add ammonium nitrate and superphosphate. Spill to moisten the soil.

Before planting the seedlings, place a handful of onion peels and wood ash in the holes. Some gardeners specifically add several tablets of gliocladin as a powerful means of preventing root rot. Chopped fresh nettle is also used as an organic fertilizer. Humus is placed on top of the fertilizer, and cucumber seedlings are planted on it. This method of planting cucumbers, according to experienced gardeners, gives a high yield.

How to form cucumbers in a greenhouse step by step

What to add to the ground before planting peppers

Loamy soil is what peppers love most. Therefore, in order for pepper to develop well and delight you with a rich harvest, you need to create all the necessary conditions for this capricious crop.

How to fertilize the soil in a greenhouse in the spring. To create the desired soil structure, sawdust, humus, peat and sand are added to it in equal proportions per square meter. If peat beds are prepared, you will need sand, turf and humus in equal proportions. If the soil is acidic, you need to add a neutralizer - alkali.

First, the holes where the plants will be planted are disinfected with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. You can also use a solution of copper sulfate, in this case a tablespoon of the product is diluted in a bucket of water. However, the vitriol solution cannot be poured into the wells immediately before planting the seedlings. All work must be carried out three days before planting.

For the growth and strength of seedlings, for yield, half a teaspoon of superphosphate is introduced into the hole. This drug helps seedlings adapt better. Humus, ash (a tablespoon), and soaked onion peels are also added to the hole, which will help resist harmful bacteria that cause disease. As a rule, the bottom of the hole is lined with husks. Fertilizers are laid out in layers.

Instead of organic fertilizers, you can use universal soil, as well as complex preparations, such as “Nitrophoska”, which is taken at the rate of a teaspoon per hole, “Fertika”, which needs a tablespoon per hole.

How to grow bell peppers

What to add to the ground before planting eggplants

The soil begins to be prepared almost three weeks before planting day. The soil must be highly breathable and moisture-holding, with an acidity level of no more than 7.0 units, clean, balanced, and fertile.

Soil composition for eggplants:

1. Peat;
2. Sphagnum;
3. Turf, rotted, prepared in the fall;
4. Two-year compost;
5. Leaf soil;
6. Humus;
7. Vermicompost;
8. Wood soil prepared from rotted sawdust;
9. Eggshell powder;
10. Ash.

The following inorganic components are welcome:

1. Agroperlite, which gives better air permeability;
2. Vermiculite, which absorbs moisture well;
3. Sand, to create a loose soil structure;
4. Expanded clay serving as drainage.

It is prohibited to introduce clay into the soil for eggplant seedlings. It will make the soil heavy, depriving it of breathability and moisture capacity.

How to fertilize the soil in a greenhouse in the spring. Before planting eggplants, the soil is disinfected. To do this, you can use a weak solution of potassium permanganate.

Experienced gardeners recommend introducing into the soil per square meter: magnesium sulfate - 20 grams, humus - 5 kilograms, superphosphate - 70 g, ammonium nitrate - 35 grams, potassium sulfate - 45 grams. Dig up the soil. On the day of planting, make holes for seedlings. Before the seedlings are planted in the greenhouse, they are pre-treated with a weak solution of potassium permanganate.

Growing eggplant seedlings at home

How to fertilize the soil in a radish greenhouse

Radishes prefer loam. Therefore, the soil must be combined with sand so that the soil structure becomes light, airy, and breathable. You can replace the sand with sawdust, well-rotted, of course. Acidity should be between 5.6-6.0. An indispensable condition is that cruciferous vegetables have never been grown in this bed, otherwise you should not expect a good radish harvest.

In the spring, when preparing a place for radishes, you need to lay compost between the rows, and enrich the soil with nutrients using complex mineral fertilizers. For example, “Agricola” is suitable for carrots, beets, and radishes.

Radishes: planting and care in open ground

How to feed the soil in a greenhouse in the spring to grow greens

The soil for growing greens should contain manure, compost, superphosphate and potassium chloride.

1. When planting dill, the soil is treated with nitrophoska.
2. Before planting lettuce, use mineral fertilizers, for example, Kemira Lux.
3. Parsley can do without fertilizers, but it prefers light soil, so it is advisable to prepare the soil using turf and ash.
4. Celery also prefers light soil. Before planting root celery, the soil is fertilized with organic matter, and a tablespoon of superphosphate is added to each hole.

The healthiest greens

Natalia

Author

Ask a Question

Good yield largely depends on the quality of the soil. If the gardener takes into account the requirements of garden crops, if the correct doses of organic and inorganic fertilizers are used, then the result will not be long in coming. Plants will receive strong immunity, will not be afraid of diseases, and the level of fruiting will be high.

Recommended fertilizer application procedure

Feeding tomatoes in a greenhouse is carried out taking into account the stages of plant development. Nightshades go through 3 main stages before harvesting:

1. vegetation (building up the green part of the bush);
2. flowering with the formation of ovaries;
3. filling of fruits followed by ripening.

With each stage, the need for nutrients changes.

Before planting seedlings, greenhouse soil is fertilized per 1 m2:

• a bucket of compost/humus as a soil loosener and source of nitrogen;
• 2 cups of wood ash as a source of trace elements, potassium and phosphorus.

Another option for preparing soil for the same area:

• 1 tbsp. l. ammonium nitrate/urea;
• 1 tbsp. l. potassium sulfate and superphosphate.

The third option involves adding 1 tbsp. l. nitroammophoska per 1 m2 of greenhouse beds. It is recommended to use sawdust, last year's leaves or dry grass as a loosening agent for heavy soil.

After planting in prepared soil, the plants adapt within a week. The appearance of leaves means that the root system has begun to work and receive the nutrients introduced earlier. Beginning gardeners often make a mistake at this stage: noticing the appearance of leaves, they feed the plants generously with organic matter. The result is juicy leaves and thick stems, but fruiting is inhibited. Excess nitrogen leads to fatliquoring (thick tops with small fruits).

The vegetable grower’s task at this stage is not to accelerate growth, but to achieve abundant fruiting in the future. The first feeding for tomatoes in a greenhouse consists of the following activities:

• during the planting process, use “Rooters” or “Kornevin” (produced by different manufacturers);
• spray the bushes after planting with one of the growth stimulants (Energen, Epin).

The listed preparations contain vitamins and essential amino acids, as well as growth hormones and a sufficient amount of micro- and macroelements.

If the bushes are planted with the first cluster of flowers, you need to wait 1-2 weeks for the plants to take root and begin laying the next clusters. At the same time, the first buds are formed on other bushes. Fertilizing is applied as soon as mass flowering begins. During this period, potassium fertilizer is needed to ensure the flow of nutrients to the actively growing ovaries.

Potassium takes phosphorus, nitrogen and trace elements from stems and foliage. It is important to prevent thinning of stems and leaves, so complex NPK mixtures, in which potassium predominates, are used. To mix complex fertilizer for tomatoes in a greenhouse with your own hands, you will need:

• 20 g potassium sulfate;
• 10 g superphosphate;
• 10 g of ammonium nitrate or urea.

To supply tomatoes with microelements, add 1 tbsp to a bucket of the prepared solution. wood ash. Fertilizer consumption is 10 liters per 1 m2 of beds.

What difficulties arise when feeding tomatoes in a greenhouse?

As you can see, there is nothing complicated about properly fertilizing tomatoes. The main problem is applying too much fertilizer:

1. Nitrogen. The plant goes into the tops to the detriment of the formation and ripening of fruits.
2. Phosphorus. An excess of the element threatens to interfere with the absorption of zinc.
3. Potassium. Oversaturation has the opposite effect - inhibition of development and fruiting.

The lack of the listed components also does not bring anything positive:

1. Nitrogen. The bushes are formed undeveloped, dwarf. The leaves are very small, with a tiny area for photosynthesis. A seedling deprived of nitrogen will not be able to produce a rich harvest.
2. Phosphorus. A deficiency of the element results in plant susceptibility to diseases and negative environmental conditions.
3. Potassium. When there is a deficiency, productivity decreases noticeably. Plants become defenseless against fungal infections.

I’ll tell you how to recognize a lack of microelements:

1. Manganese. Yellow spots appear on the plant in a chaotic manner.
2. Chlorine. The leaves become bronze, fade, and chlorosis appears.
3. Iron. The tops begin to turn yellow from the base. Then the growth of the plant is inhibited, the leaves become white with green veins.
4. Sulfur. The bush forms very weak, brittle stems. The leaves turn light green and then yellowish.
5. Calcium. First, the tip of the young leaf is deformed, and then the entire plate dries out. The old tops grow larger, darken, and blossom end rot develops on the tomatoes.
6. Molybdenum. The foliage curls and becomes speckled with chlorosis.
7. Zinc. The plant produces small leaves, which then become covered with spots that resemble burns.
8. Magnesium. Yellow chlorosis on old tops becomes noticeable.

Now you know how, when and with what to properly feed greenhouse tomatoes. These effective recipes and methods have been tested by the experience of more than one generation of gardeners. Don’t forget about modern medications that will make your work much easier. Always act only according to the instructions given - not only a lack of nutrients is harmful to plantings, but also an excess of nutrients.

The nuances of foliar feeding

Treatment on the leaf is carried out with solutions containing all the necessary microelements: calcium, boron, iron, iodine, manganese, copper, etc. A complex fertilizer for tomatoes in a greenhouse with a suitable composition is chosen in stores from ready-made mixtures. These may be the following names: “Clean Slate”, “Red Giant”, “Bio Master”, etc.

Experienced vegetable growers recommend not to overuse spraying, but to carry out the activity only in cases of urgent need, when the roots are not able to receive nutrition from the soil (bad weather, the ground cooling to +13 °C, etc.). The problem with spraying is creating favorable conditions for fungal development on wet leaves. Therefore, the event is held in open windows on warm days.

Spraying is scheduled if the plant is sick or a lack of one or another nutrient is determined by its appearance. The bushes are treated with fungicides, solutions of microelements, and nutritional compounds.

Feeding cucumbers in a polycarbonate greenhouse

Cucumbers are very demanding on soil fertility, so when grown in a greenhouse, nutrients are added regularly, in fractional portions (Figure 6).

Features of fertilizing greenhouse cucumbers are as follows:

• A few days before planting, the seedlings are sprayed with a solution of microelements and fed. To grow cucumbers in a greenhouse, you can use soil consisting of manure and turf soil.
• In new greenhouses, layer-by-layer application of organic matter and soil mixtures is recommended. Compost or manure is added to the underlying layer, then dug up. Fresh horse manure on sawdust is added on top of it. Such a pillow will serve as drainage for the root system. Composted soil is laid on this layer and useful substances are added in the form of potassium, phosphorus, nitrogen and magnesium preparations.
• In winter, in greenhouses in low light conditions, nitrogen must be added in nitrate form.

The soil that is reused is mixed with manure and loosening materials before planting cucumbers, and then dug up.

Figure 6. Fertilizer application for greenhouse cucumbers

When the root system of cucumbers develops poorly, root fertilizers are used in combination with foliar fertilizers. Foliar ones are more suitable for sick plants, namely those affected by root-knot nematodes. But foliar ones will not replace good nutrition through the root system. Regardless of the type, it is better to apply nutrients in cloudy weather or just before sunset.

From the video you will learn more useful information about feeding cucumbers in a greenhouse.

Rules for root feeding

Root feeding of tomatoes in a greenhouse is carried out using organic fertilizers. The most valuable in terms of nutrient content are fresh litter and manure, but they are not applied in the spring due to their aggressive effect on plant roots. Wood ash contains phosphorus, which is necessary for the root system. Ash is added before planting. Compost is prepared a year before use.

Features of using organics:

1. Ash is dissolved at the rate of 2 tbsp. for 10 liters of water. Leave for a week and use for watering.
2. Manure and droppings are applied in the fall, when the crops are harvested. At the same time, phosphate rock or superphosphate is used to feed tomatoes in the greenhouse. For 1 m2 of beds, 5 kg of manure and 200 g of phosphate rock are required.
3. Compost leads the list of the best organic fertilizers for greenhouse tomatoes. It is applied for digging in spring and autumn, when the harvest is harvested.

Traditional methods of feeding tomatoes in a greenhouse

I will present to you an effective old-fashioned method of feeding greenhouse tomatoes - using “green tea”:

1. Chop 4-5 kg ​​of weeds - nettle, plantain, dandelion. Remove fruits and inflorescences first.
2. Place the green mass in a 50-liter barrel, fill ¾ with water.
3. Add a bucket of cow manure solution.
4. Pour a glass of ash.
5. Mix the mixture thoroughly.
6. Leave it on for a few days. The readiness of the infusion is judged by the cloudiness of the mass and a persistent unpleasant odor.
7. Dilute the concentrate with another 50 liters of water.
8. Use the composition for root feeding - pour 2 liters of liquid under each bush.

“Green tea” is especially good in the early stages of plant development. Then, from folk remedies, an ash solution or a suspension of boric acid is used.

Advice from experienced farmers

With the beginning of each season, vegetable growers are concerned with questions: what fertilizers for feeding tomatoes in a greenhouse will be most effective, what new things are offered by the agro-industrial complex, etc. Experienced farmers recommend adhering to traditional growing methods, strictly following the instructions for timing and dosage. To protect greenhouse plants from diseases, you should:

• control soil acidity;
• use biological products with beneficial bacteria;
• apply fertilizers according to schedule;
• After harvesting, burn plant residues.

Some vegetable growers spread fresh manure around the site so that the ammonia destroys harmful microorganisms on the walls of the greenhouse, but this method has not become widespread due to its unproven effectiveness.

Growing tomatoes in greenhouse conditions requires complex influences: the use of mineral fertilizers and organic matter, chemicals against diseases and pests, as well as maintaining the level of humidity and temperature. A competent approach will be rewarded with a good harvest.

Bloom

Proper feeding of greenhouse tomatoes during flowering will ensure good fruit set, so it is worth paying attention to. Fertilizers should contain potassium and phosphorus; it is these substances that tomatoes lack during the appearance of buds; nitrogen should be excluded altogether during this period (you can learn more about the types of phosphorus fertilizers in this material).

When the buds just begin to appear, the tomatoes need yeast feeding. The same fertilizer recipe is used as for seedlings before planting. In addition, you can add a little ash to the soil.

During flowering, it is recommended to perform one root feeding and one foliar feeding (more information about the best methods of foliar feeding can be found here). For root feeding, use: potassium sulfate (3 teaspoons), half a liter of bird droppings. All this is dissolved in 10 liters of water, after which half a liter of liquid mullein is added. Tomatoes are watered at the rate of 1 liter of fertilizer per 1 bush.

For active formation of ovaries, tomato bushes are sprayed with milk-based fertilizer: 15 drops of iodine, 1 liter of milk, dissolved in 4 liters of water, the leaves are treated in the morning and evening.

Features of nightshade care

Immediately from the moment of planting, tomatoes need potassium-phosphorus supplements to restore the root system. The tomatoes acclimate and regrow their roots using minerals and vitamins derived from the soil. With the help of nitrogen, seedlings adapt and develop better. You need to be careful with nitrogen so as not to increase the mass of greenery to the detriment of the harvest. During flowering, phosphorus, calcium, potassium, sulfur, and iron are needed.

In addition to fertilizers, to successfully grow nightshades, you need to choose the right soil, provide sufficient light and heat, and protect from the wind. Planting in the ground and in a greenhouse has its own advantages, and in each case you cannot do without fertilizers.

How to pour and how much to put: rules for applying fertilizers

The main requirement when adding fertilizers directly when planting tomatoes in a hole is their correct placement in the hole.

Firstly, all added substances must be mixed with soil inside the planting hole with a garden spatula, and then spilled . A layer of soil of several cm is applied to the mixture so that the roots of the tomato seedlings do not come into direct contact with the fertilizer.

For example, the application of nitrogen-containing types of fertilizers should be strictly controlled by the summer resident - an increased level of nitrogen in the soil provokes the development of green mass of bushes. At first glance, strong tomato plants that are bursting with health will end up producing no fruit at all.

Since little fertilizer is added directly when planting tomatoes, there is no point in digging deep and wide holes. If you make holes 30x30 cm, then this will be enough to lay organic and mineral fertilizers , a small layer of soil and place an earthen ball of the seedling.

Tricks for fertilizing soil

Of course, it is easier to apply fertilizers using the continuous method, that is, over the entire area at once. But experienced gardeners advise doing this locally, when planting seeds or seedlings. With this method, fertilizers are applied in small quantities into holes or furrows, then mixed with the soil. This method allows you to apply the appropriate type of fertilizer for each crop.

If the plant needs nitrogen, then it is necessary to add not only it, but also phosphorus and potassium, since these elements enhance its effect.

Some, hoping for a good harvest, try to follow the lunar calendar, while others do their best to provide vegetables with normal conditions for growth and do the right thing. Fertilizers play an important role in the life of crops, especially those growing in a greenhouse.

Feeding tomatoes with milk

For abundant formation of ovaries in the greenhouse, foliar spraying is used:

• pour 1 liter of milk into the container;
• mixed with 4 liters of water;
• Add 15 drops of iodine to the resulting solution, mix everything thoroughly.

Note! Spray the plants in the early morning, when there is no scorching sun. If for some reason this was not possible, you can start processing the plants late in the evening.

This fertilizing also prevents the occurrence of late blight.

Milk contains almost all the minerals necessary for plant life.

Green manure is the best fertilizer

They are also called green fertilizer. These are special plants that are specially grown in a greenhouse or garden. They are able to improve the structure of the soil, enrich it with nitrogen and prevent the growth of weeds.

The main advantage of green manure is its naturalness, but there are other advantages:

• they regulate the acid-base balance of the soil;
• increase the soil’s ability to absorb moisture and oxygen, changing its density;
• enrich the earth with nutrients;
• are the prevention of certain diseases and pests.

Green manure should be planted 6–7 weeks before the intended planting. First, you need to loosen the soil, then make shallow grooves along the bed and sow the seeds. When they grow to 20–25 cm, you need to dig up the bed, burying the plants inside. The best green manures are oats, barley, clover, calendula, rapeseed and buckwheat.

Growing seedlings according to schedule

Seedlings begin to be grown in March, so that by the time the weather warms up, they can get stronger and gain weight. Hybrid seeds are not suitable for replanting. It makes no sense to collect them from the previous harvest. Regular seeds are taken and a number of procedures are carried out to determine quality:

• soaking

• germination;

• monitoring germination;

• culling weak shoots.

You should not spare weak shoots. Nothing worthwhile will grow from them anyway, and they will take up space in the greenhouse and take food away from good bushes.

Pre-planting seed treatment

Seeds can be processed in several ways:

• In a solution of soda. Dissolve 10 g of the substance in 1 liter of water and leave the seeds for a day.

• In succinic acid. 15 g per liter of water. Also soak and leave for a day.

• In a solution of potassium permanganate. Place the seeds in a 1% solution for 20 minutes. Then rinse and you can plant.

• In hydrogen peroxide. Place the seeds in a 2% solution for half an hour. Then rinse with clean water and plant.

There is another way to check seeds for quality. Place a teaspoon of salt in a glass of water and stir. The seeds are dipped into the solution and allowed to stand. The bad ones float up - you can throw them away. The rest can be checked further using the methods described above.

Pre-planting treatment helps destroy mold and mildew spores, as well as bacteria.

Germination

You need to germinate the seeds on cotton cloth in a container with water poured into the bottom. The ambient temperature should be 25 degrees. Good sprouts appear after 7 days. Those that are late can be thrown away. The very first ones are also not suitable. The bulk can be transplanted into a container.

If you use regular soil, you can immediately water it with a weak solution of mineral fertilizer, which contains the full complex - nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus.

Picking

Tomatoes need to be planted when 2–3 leaves appear. Do not be afraid of this procedure - the more transplants are done, the stronger the bushes will be. In larger containers, the bushes first take 7 to 10 days to take root.

Then you can feed further. Nitrogen fertilizers come to the fore. This could be urea 5 g per 10 liters of water. Water carefully so that the solution does not get on the leaves. Nitrogen promotes the growth of green mass and strengthens the plant.

Planting in a greenhouse

How to feed tomatoes after planting in a greenhouse depends on the availability of fertilizers - organic or mineral. If there is manure or chicken droppings on the farm, you can make an infusion. These substances cannot be used fresh - they contain too much ammonia, which will burn the roots in one day.

The container is filled halfway with chicken droppings, filled with water and left for 10 days, stirring. For irrigation, each liter is diluted with water 1/20. Mullein is prepared in the same way, but for watering it is diluted 1/15.

Tomato feeding in the greenhouse is carried out no earlier than 2 weeks after planting. What fertilizers and when to use to feed tomatoes in a greenhouse depends on:

• on the timing of ovary formation;

• on the rate of green mass gain;

• on the appearance of the resulting fruits and the speed of their ripening.