Description and characteristics of the grape variety “in memory of a Negro”

Advantages and disadvantages

Before planting grapes, it is necessary to find out all the advantages and disadvantages of the selected variety.

Pros:

• High yield.
• High rates of transportability and storage.
• Versatility of use.
• Frost resistance down to -25ºС.
• High immunity to mildew, oidium, gray rot, phylloxera, and grape mite.

Minuses:

• The need for crop rationing.

History of selection

The homeland of this variety is Moldova. Obtained by a group of breeders G. M. Zhuravlev. from “parents” - Pieppel and Moldavsky. Distributed not only in the southern territories, but also in the middle zone, it is found even in the Ural Mountains and Siberia - despite the fact that it needs shelter during the cold season.

Nadezhda Rannyaya, Odessa Souvenir and Denisovsky also require shelter.

Origin

In 1975, in the Moldavian SSR, a group of NIIVIV employees (M. S. Zhuravel, G. M. Borzikova, I. P. Gavrilov, I. N. Naydenova and G. A. Savin) developed a new grape variety “in memory of the Negrul.” It was obtained by crossing the “Moldavian” variety (“Corna Negra”) with the interspecific hybrid “Pierrell” (“Save Villar 20-366”). Subsequently, the new species was assigned the selection number VI-39-89, under which it was registered only in 2015. But this variety is still not listed in the Russian State Register.

Reference ! The variety owes its name to the Soviet scientist and breeder A.M. Negrulu, who was considered the real “King of the Grapes.”

Rules for planting grapes

Planting the variety will not pose any particular difficulties even for beginners. The variety is distinguished by good survival rate of seedlings and unpretentiousness to growing conditions.

Recommended timing

The variety is equally suitable for spring and autumn planting. For spring, the optimal time would be April-May; for autumn, choose the time before the onset of frost. It depends on the region.

Choosing a suitable location

When choosing a location, the composition of the soil should be taken into account. Grapes of this variety do not tolerate saline soils, clayey soil, or high groundwater levels. Grows well on loam, black soil, and moisture-permeable soil. You should also try to select a sunny, windless area for the grapes.

Selection and preparation of planting material

When selecting seedlings, special attention is paid to the condition of roots and growth. A grape seedling should have 3-4 roots, a base thickness of at least 2 mm, and a growth length of 20-25 cm.

Before planting, the roots are cut off and dipped in a clay mash. The shoot is also trimmed, leaving no more than 4 buds.

Landing algorithm

The planting process for the variety is traditional and does not have any special differences:

1. Prepare a planting hole for grapes in advance. For spring planting, it is optimal to do this in the fall, for autumn planting 3 weeks before the scheduled date.
2. The parameters of the pit are depth 80 cm, diameter 100 cm.
3. Place a layer of drainage on the bottom. Gravel, crushed stone and sand will do. Then a layer of fertile soil with the addition of humus, wood ash (500 g), potassium chloride (200 g) and superphosphate (400 g).
4. Place the seedling, straighten the roots, cover it with soil without mineral fertilizers, then cover with the prepared mixture.
5. Lightly tamp, water generously, and mulch the area around the trunk.

After planting, it is recommended to fix the stem on a peg to guide the growth of the grapes.

Main characteristics

Sweet and sour grapes “in memory of a negroul” are quite unpretentious in cultivation and differ from other hybrid forms in their high yield. It is worth noting other good varieties, such as “early gourmet”, “kodryanka” and “lora”.

Ripening period

The hybrid form of grapes “in memory of Negrul” is considered to be medium-late in terms of berry ripening: from the moment the sap flows in the plant and the formation of buds begins, about 145–155 days pass before the harvest begins. Typically, the clusters are fully ripened by mid-September, although winegrowers living in southern latitudes note earlier ripening of the clusters.

Bush

The “memory of a Negrule” grape is a powerful and tall bush, reaching a height of 3 meters, while the number of fruiting shoots is ¾ of the total. The preferred formation is a double-armed cordon with a trunk height of up to 80 cm , provided there is no need for shelter for the winter. In regions with a temperate or harsh climate, it is better to choose a design with obliquely directed sleeves without a standard.

The leaves are light green, five-lobed, with slight pubescence on the underside of the leaf blade.

The bush of the variety has male and female flowers, so flowering and ovary formation are always abundant and stable.

Bunches and berries

The brushes of this variety are cylindrical in shape, in most cases they have “wings”. The average size of the bunches is 20 by 12 cm, and the weight is 300–700 g, but especially large specimens can weigh up to a kilogram.

The dark purple, almost black berries of the “Memory Negrule” variety appear blue from afar due to the thick coating of pruin on them.

Their shape is ovoid, the tips slightly pointed towards the bottom. The average size is 3 by 2 cm, weight is 9 g. The crispy skin does not cause discomfort when eating the fruit. The pulp is juicy, fleshy, sweet (16 – 18 g of sugar per 100 g) with a light and pleasant sourness (6 – 8 g/l). Each berry contains 2–3 seeds.

Taste

The variety has a pleasant, harmonious sweet and sour taste without any special frills. However, the taste qualities of the “negrul memory” are highly rated by professionals - 8.5 points out of 10.

Productivity

If you comply with the requirements of varietal agricultural technology, you can get a decent harvest from one bush - 45 - 50 kg of fruits of excellent quality. On an industrial scale, average yields are also impressive: 180 - 200 centners per hectare.

How to care for grapes

When caring for seedlings, it is necessary to carry out the following activities, observing the deadlines:

• mulching;
• watering;
• fertilizing throughout the season;
• pruning and garter;
• spraying bushes against major diseases;
• shelter for the winter.

Important! To obtain a high-quality harvest, it is necessary to water the vineyard several times during the season.

Watering and fertilizing

Watering times:

• in early spring and autumn it is necessary to irrigate with water;
• vegetative irrigation is carried out before opening the eyes.

The last watering should occur in the third decade of July. Plants need to be fed at all stages, adding potassium and phosphate fertilizers to the soil during watering. After each watering, mulch the soil. This retains moisture and the weeds grow weaker. In hot weather, mulch protects the roots from overheating.

Grapes require moderate watering

Pruning and shaping bushes

Pruning is done in spring and autumn. Immature young shoots are removed before frost, and frozen, broken and dry shoots are removed in the spring. There are always 6-7 eyes remaining on the stems.

Garter

The garter is carried out in two stages: in early spring and after the shoots grow.

Spring gartering should be done before the buds open. This is due to the fact that they are very fragile, and when tying them up, you can lose some of the buds. Before starting work, you need to remove all old and damaged shoots. This type is called dry garter.

After the vines grow to 40-50 cm, you can start green garter. It is needed so that the plant does not break during strong gusts of wind. In addition, the shoots will not intertwine with each other, and during the flowering period they will be better pollinated.

Important! The shoots must be tied up very carefully to avoid the risk of damage.

Shelter for the winter

In regions where there is a lot of snow in winter, grapes are covered as follows. The vine is kept on trellises until precipitation falls. Then the stems are bent to the ground and covered with snow. In this case, the grapevine must be removed from the base, trimmed to the desired size and placed on a coniferous spruce tree. You can use straw. The vines are then tied together and secured with wire hooks to the ground along the beds. Then spruce branches and boards covered with roofing material or plastic film are placed on the vine.

Comparison with analogues

The “Memory Negrul” variety is one of the best varieties of black table grapes of medium-late ripening , which is confirmed by the table below with the comparative characteristics of the varieties of this group.

Disease and pest control

The Negrul memory variety has unique resistance to diseases and pests characteristic of the crop. But errors in care can weaken even such a strong immune system. To prevent attacks by parasites and damage by pathogenic pathogens, you need to keep the vineyard well-groomed. Work that needs to be done regularly:

• follow the planting pattern;
• remove weeds (can be replaced by mulching);
• do not allow the soil to become waterlogged;
• engage in the formation of a bush;
• apply fertilizers in a timely manner;
• harvest on time.

Features of cultivation

“In Memory of a Negro” is one of the most spectacular varieties in its appearance, which are often planted near gazebos in order to decorate the area.

Landing

Seedlings of the “Memory of a Negrul” variety can be planted in open ground in spring and autumn. The best time is April - May and October, but everything will depend on the geographical latitude of the region and the prevailing weather conditions. The main thing is that young plants in the first days of their “life” in the ground are not exposed to low temperatures.

Place and soil

Grapes are picky about the soil in which they will grow. The best option is chernozem, loam, salt marshes and heavy soil with a high percentage of clay are unacceptable.

Another condition for successful cultivation of the variety is the absence of groundwater close to the surface.

“In Memory of a Negro” looks impressive as a living decoration of a personal plot: its lashes are often entwined with gazebos, special arches, and walls of buildings. It is important that the location of such a “decorative element” is on the south side of the objects, which will allow the sun to heat the heat-loving plant throughout the day.

The technology for planting seedlings of this grape is simple and no different from the classic scheme:

• Digging a hole 80 cm deep and 100 cm in diameter.
• Filling the bottom of the hole with drainage.
• Part of the soil removed from the pit is mixed with superphosphate and potassium chloride - it is subsequently poured on top of the drainage; the other part is with humus or compost. This soil will lie on top of mineral fertilizers, which can burn the tender roots of a young plant.
• Installing a seedling in the middle of the hole, straightening its root system.

• Covering it with soil, compacting the soil surface and watering it abundantly.
• Mulching the soil with sawdust, mown grass, hay, peat or humus.

Important! It is advisable to immediately tie the fragile shoots of the “negrul memory” to a wooden peg, which will help support the plant and give the future bush the desired direction.

Watering and fertilizing

The variety “Memory Negrule” is considered drought-resistant, but you should still not forget to water it. The irrigation scheme includes moistening:

• early spring and after shelter;
• when the eyes open;
• as the top layer of soil dries out.

It is important to remember that, despite the weather conditions, all watering must be stopped 30 days before the expected harvest date.

Watering is often combined with the application of liquid fertilizers. Mineral fertilizers are applied according to instructions and at certain times: in the spring - nitrogen-containing fertilizers for the development of foliage and shoots, during the formation of the ovary and in the summer - potassium and phosphorus, which have a direct impact on the quality of the taste of future fruits and their size.

In the fall, it will not be superfluous to fertilize with fresh manure, which will enrich the soil with beneficial bacteria.

Trimming

After the leaves fall, dry and diseased branches are removed, and damaged ones are removed in the spring. Also, during the spring “haircut,” it is advisable to shorten the vine to 7–8 eyes. The recommended load per bush is 45 eyes and 20 shoots. It would also be advisable to remove stepsons and immature shoots.

Diseases and pests

The Moldavian variety has strong immunity to most fungal diseases (mildew, oidium, gray rot, etc.). But you shouldn’t forget about prevention. Regular treatment with industrial fungicides can prevent the risk of developing any disease.

The variety also needs protection from birds that are not averse to eating juicy berries. There are a lot of tricks and scarecrows for them, but the birds quickly figure out that neither the scarecrow, nor the foil strips, nor the bells pose any danger to them. One of the rational solutions is a reinforced inflexible mesh fencing the grape bushes.

Wasps can be controlled by destroying their nests, as well as using sweet and sticky traps soaked in insecticides. The most humane way to deal with insects is to pack each bunch in a mesh bag: flying sweet tooths simply will not be able to get close to the berries and, therefore, harm the fruits.

Wintering

The variety has increased frost resistance - minus 25ºС. In a cold climate zone, where such temperatures are constant, it is still advisable to insulate the grape bushes.

The insulation scheme involves a standard set of measures: after trimming the bush, the lashes are removed from the supports, tied, bent to the ground and covered with it. Another option is to use agrofibre, hay, spruce branches or dry leaves.

Harvest storage

The “memory negrul” variety can retain all its taste characteristics and excellent presentation for 4 months, subject to proper storage conditions: temperature 0ºС – +5ºС, humidity – 90%.

Cultivation regions

Grapes “in memory of a Negro” are cultivated in the southern territories, as well as in the regions of the Middle Zone. Experienced winegrowers who grow the variety responsibly can enjoy its fruits even in the Ural Mountains and Siberia.

Advantages and disadvantages of the variety

Taking into account the characteristics of the variety and reviews from winegrowers, the positive features of the Negrul memory grapes include:

• frost-resistant;
• unpretentious;
• easily adapts to different climatic conditions;
• drought-resistant;
• high-yielding;
• self-pollinating;
• has strong immunity;
• presentation of berries;
• good taste.

Of the negative features, we can only note the presence of seeds in the berries, which in fact is not a significant drawback.

Useful properties and applications

“Memory Negrule,” like many black grape varieties, has a number of beneficial properties that have a positive effect on the human body and its life support systems.

The variety is recommended for fresh consumption, as well as for use in jams, compotes, liqueurs, juices, and in a blend of semi-sweet red wines.

Planting principles

The soil must be prepared in advance. When digging the ground, remove weeds and roots. Criteria for planting material: excellent quality, health. And also the strength of the seedling. The shoots must be mature. The root system must be strong.

Holes for planting. Diameter – 1 m, depth – 80 cm. It is necessary to lay a drainage system containing sand and crushed stone in the bottom of the pit.

The soil is divided into two parts:

• The first one is folded near the pit. Superphosphate and potassium chloride fertilizers are added to it. It needs to be used to fill the drainage system.
• The second is fertile. Humus or compost fertilizer is added there. This composition needs to be supplemented with the second half of the hole. There should be no contact between the roots and the mineral mixture. To avoid root burns. The plant is placed in the central part of the hole and covered with soil. After this, a good, volumetric watering is carried out.

To conserve water in the soil, mulching is carried out. Young shoots are fragile. Therefore, they require instant garter to pegs. Support is needed to give the bush the right direction.

Photo

Below, check out the photos and reviews about the “Memory of a Negro” variety.

Feeding

When the seedlings are watered, liquid fertilizers are immediately applied. The plant needs potassium and phosphorus. They are needed for the vine to develop well and correctly. To form fruit buds. To obtain a rich harvest. And also to improve the vital activity of seedlings. Mineral fertilizing must be done according to the recipe at certain periods.

Seedlings of this variety need fresh manure. The plant is fertilized with it in the fall. Organic fertilizers promote the settlement of “good” microorganisms in the soil. Because they have an excellent effect on the growth and development of shrubs.

Irrigation and spraying procedures are of particular benefit. For this purpose, special store-bought preparations are used.

Reviews

The berry of Memory Negrul is beautiful, nipple-shaped and elongated; in wetter summers the berries are longer than in hot summers. To prevent diseases, two preventive treatments are sufficient. The harvest is stable every year. As a disadvantage, if there is heavy rain during the ripening period, some berries may crack. Gregory, Poltava region.

The variety is very vigorous, frost-resistant, and has a late ripening period. I cover it just in case. The taste is not expressive, simple, but not bad. Oleg, Kharkov

Unlike last year, PN’s taste is not so flat, and even with a pretense of harmony, the flesh is crispy, very dense, the skin is not noticeable. The wasps loved him! Anatoly, Volgograd region.

Description of the Memory Negrul grapes

For gardeners, any parameters describing the Memory Negrul grape variety are important. Although they are most interested in yield, the appearance of the plant also affects the ability to grow the variety.

The grape variety forms powerful tall bushes. The length of the shoots is about 3 m, they ripen in almost one growing season, and are colored light brown. Fruitful specimens make up a significant part of the total number - at least ¾ of the shoots. The bush can easily bear such a load.

The flowers of the grape variety are bisexual. This allows you to grow the variety without pollinating neighbors.

The clusters of the Pamyati Negrulya variety are large, medium-loose in density, and cylindrical-conical in shape. According to gardeners, the Memory Negrul grapes weigh up to 0.5 kg per bunch; with good care, specimens weigh 1.5 kg. Brush length 20 cm, width 12-14 cm.

The berries are elongated and have a rich dark purple hue. A dense waxy coating gives the fruit a color closer to blue. The grapes have a slight point at the tip. Weight reaches 7-9 g, length 3 cm. The pulp is juicy, fleshy, there are 2-3 seeds inside the berries, the peel is medium thick. The sugar content of ripe grapes is 14%. The taste is sweet with a slight sourness.

The grape variety is recommended for planting in the regions of the middle zone and areas with areas of uncovered viticulture. It is even grown in Siberia and the Urals. In the photo there are grapes in Memory of Negrul:

Pollinator varieties

If the air temperature is low during the flowering period of grapes, the pollination process is inhibited. As a result, the bunches turn out to be sparse, loose, and the yield is significantly reduced. If the air humidity is high, then the moistening of the stamens makes it difficult for pollen to spread through the air. Low humidity also negatively affects pollination.

It is impossible to predict weather conditions, so many farmers take insurance and plant pollinating varieties of the sultana variety next to the In Memory of the Surgeon grapes:

• Premier;
• Zaporozhye;
• Moldavian;
• Veles;
• Sprinter;
• Rusbol;
• Rilines.

For beginner and expert

In Memory of Negrul - table, black variety. Developed by crossing the Corna Neagra and Datier de Saint-Vallier grape varieties. Refers to mid-late. The ripening period is 145-160 days. The plant is unpretentious. The creators have tried, there is no doubt, they have done everything possible to ensure popularity and meet the current needs of winegrowers and gardeners - both lazy and hardworking.

This is a frost-resistant variety that can withstand temperature drops down to -26. Prefers black soil and loamy soils. When planting, it is advisable to provide a drainage layer of sand and crushed stone - grapes do not like it if the moisture in the soil stagnates. He will feel bad in this case. He is truly comfortable only where there is a lot of sun and light, and enough moisture, but no more and no less.

Sweet, juicy, large, elongated berries weigh from 5 to 9 grams. They will please both the beginner, who does not know all the secrets of effective care, and the professional, because Memory Negrul has a high yield - from 180 to 200 centners per hectare.

There are varieties with higher performance, but they are often more troublesome. They must constantly remove part of the ovaries, otherwise the vine will not support the weight and will break. Instead of income, you will have to incur losses. Soon the plant will heal itself, but you can still be upset about broken branches. There is less hassle with this variety. Its branches are strong and strong. You can leave most of the ovaries, look at the bush, and evaluate its potential. Of course, it is better to start with a small harvest and gradually increase the load, however, this is not always convenient; circumstances may interfere. If the soil is well fertilized, the branches of Memory Negrul will support significant weight. The percentage of fruiting shoots is also high - at least 55%, up to 70%.

Productivity, as well as the strength of vines, the percentage of fruiting and non-fruiting shoots are genetically determined parameters. Therefore, to be successful, a gardener or winegrower has to tinker with one variety, while with another everything works out by itself. You can get a lot of pleasure from working with this type. You can forget about it for a while when you come to the dacha on weekends, for example. Its flowers are bisexual and self-pollinate. The seedlings are taking root well. The harvest can be expected in the second year.

If the soil is well fertilized, the branches of Negrul's Memory will support significant weight

Watering

Despite the fact that this grape variety is drought-resistant, it requires moisture to fully ripen the berries. Otherwise, the fruits will begin to fade, losing their taste and attractive appearance.

Watering the plant is carried out according to the following scheme:

• at the beginning of spring and autumn, after covering the grapes, gardeners carry out moisture-recharging irrigation, which gives the plant strength for further growth;
• the next time the grapes are watered is when the eyes open;
• then it is necessary to moisten the soil depending on the climate and as the soil dries out;
• 30 days before harvest, watering must be stopped.

Rules of care

The “In Memory of Negrul” grape bushes are not too demanding, but respond well to proper care and adherence to agricultural technology. The main measures that will ensure the best development and growth of plants are as follows:

• carrying out moderate but fairly regular watering;
• loosening, weeding and mulching the soil around the grape bushes;
• providing the plant with high-quality shelter for the winter;
• grapevine pruning;
• systematic application of fertilizers;
• carrying out a full range of protective measures.

Pruning is done in the middle. On each grape bush, no more than 45 eyes and 4 replacement knots should be left. Many experts recommend long pruning of the fruit vine, with 8–14 buds, but, as practice shows, short pruning with 3–4 buds is also allowed.

Bush

The first thing that distinguishes this variety from the rest is its durable and powerful trunk. Even under heavy load, it is able to please with a stable and abundant harvest. The number of fruiting shoots is ¾. Experts assure that the survival rate of sprouts is high and is about 100%. The variety also boasts excellent shoot ripening, which is almost 90%.

Be careful with the young vine: the branches are quite fragile and break under slight loads. It is imperative to provide reliable and strong support for all shoots of the first year. The Moldavian type of grape is of high grade.

Five-lobed leaves of a rich light green color have a rounded shape.

The plant attracts attention during the flowering process due to its lush and abundant inflorescences. Due to the fact that the plant has male and female flowers, fruits are set in large quantities

Thanks to this characteristic, grapes do not need additional pollination; moreover, the variety copes well with the role of a pollinator for other plants.

The pride of the Black Sea region - the grape variety “In Memory of the Surgeon”

Small clusters, dim, but very beautiful and tender, with sweet and large berries - all this is about the “In Memory of a Surgeon” variety.

Add to this the fact that it is not affected by either cold or parasites - it is not difficult to understand the love of farmers for this fruit of amateur selection.

Yes, you won’t really decorate the walls of your home like this, but the taste is irresistible.

You will learn more about the heat-loving grapes “In Memory of a Surgeon,” as well as a description of the variety and photos of the berries in the article below.

Description of the variety “In Memory of a Surgeon”

In Memory of the Surgeon is a table pink subspecies of amateur selection. Ripening period is early, flowering begins in June. It is popular among farmers because it does not require special care, is not afraid of fungi, and produces fragrant and sweet berries.

Usually used fresh, it is also good in liqueurs and desserts, less common in wine. The berries tolerate storage and transportation well, do not crack or rot. They are in good demand among buyers for their excellent presentation and taste advantages.

Appearance

The bush is distinguished by its high growth vigor. The bunch is medium in size, can reach 700 g, moderately loose, cylindrical or cylindrical-cone-shaped. Varieties such as Galbena No, Charlie and Rosmus are particularly vigorous.

The flower is hermaphrodite. The leaves are rich green in color, round, medium in size, strongly cut, three-lobed. The shoots are brownish, with dark red nodes.

Asya, Descendant of Rizamat and Romeo also have hermaphroditic flowers.

History of selection

Memory of the Surgeon is the result of the work of amateur breeder E.G. Pavlovsky. Distributed throughout the Black Sea region and southern regions of Russia. It is not found further north due to its heat-loving nature. The same breeder owns Ayuta Pavlovsky, Korolek and Super Extra.

Peculiarities

The declared frost resistance is -23 degrees Celsius, but many farmers claim that the figure is somewhat underestimated - in fact, this variety is much more heat-loving. One way or another, it requires indispensable shelter for the winter. Crystal, Pink and Super Early Seedless also need shelter during the cold season.

The cuttings take root well and their compatibility with rootstocks is satisfactory. The percentage of sugar content is 19-22 Brix, acidity is 6-8 g/l. Productivity is average; normalization is required. The bush is pruned with six to eight eyes, the norm per bush is 35. Higher productivity is demonstrated by the Anniversary of the Kherson Summer Resident, Rkatsiteli and the Gift of Magarach.

Diseases and pests

Few tasters did not appreciate the taste of this grape. So the wasps appreciated it, and this despite the rather dense skin of the berries. Therefore, all detected wasp colonies and nests on the site must be destroyed, and poisonous baits are placed.

By the way, in this case you won’t have to kill striped huntresses, because they not only have a sweet tooth, but also cleanse the garden of other pests, such as aphids.

Birds have hunted and will hunt for any grapes, but this enemy is not terrible - it is enough to fence the bushes with a strong, inflexible net. “Signal” balloons and posters depicting the frowning, big-eyed faces of birds of prey are not effective. Jays, sparrows, magpies and tits quickly understand that they are being led by the nose and are mistaken for berries.

Therefore, you will have to spray the bushes with carbon disulfide. The recommended concentration is 300-400 cubic cm per square meter. It is at this dose that both eggs, larvae, and adult parasites die. True, the bush itself will have a hard time, but one bush is better than the whole vineyard - and this is precisely what low doses are fraught with.

Some gardeners claim that 80 “cubes” are enough, then the bush is almost guaranteed to survive, and the aphids will not make themselves known for a long time.

Do not neglect the use of preventive measures against such common grape diseases as mildew and oidium, anthracnose and bacteriosis, chlorosis and rubella. If carried out in time, they will protect both the plants and the harvest.

The Surgeon's Memory variety is good for everyone - both experienced gardeners and beginners. It does not require sophisticated care, it is unpretentious, although it is heat-loving, as befits a southern fruit.

It’s better not to be lazy and protect it properly from phylloxera and wasps - then desserts and wonderful sweet berries, which are not a shame to offer for sale, will not be left on the table.

Useful video

Learn more about the ripening period and appearance of the “In Memory of a Surgeon” grape variety from a short video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S0Zfs1fSQd0

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