Broccoli best varieties for Siberia

Growing broccoli in the Moscow region: choosing the best variety, tips for planting and care

Whatever they say, the climate of the middle zone and the Moscow region is best suited for growing exotic cabbage. To obtain a summer harvest, an open bed is sufficient, but for early and late production, you can use a greenhouse or film cover.

Broccoli is a fairly early ripening crop, so it can be grown without seedlings. Seeds are sown in open ground from mid to late April. Cabbage grows and develops well in moist and nutritious soils and easily tolerates frosts down to -7 °C. After the emergence of shoots and several true leaves, the seedlings are planted on a ridge at a distance of up to 50 cm from each other. About 30 cm is maintained between the rows. In the conditions of the Moscow region, almost any variety of this crop can be grown.

The following have gained popularity among gardeners:

These are varieties of different ripening periods, but harvesting cannot be delayed. If you do not remove the head in time, the side branches will produce unsaleable small heads of cabbage. By observing the deadlines, you can get a second harvest of marketable heads.

The “Vitaminnaya” variety belongs to the early-ripening varieties, the ripening period of which does not exceed 80-100 days. The head is not stored fresh for long; it is consumed first or processed. Cabbage is dark green in color, the marketable weight of the heads is up to 250 g. The second wave of the harvest produces smaller heads of cabbage. The yield of the variety is high, more than 2.5 kg per meter of bed.

Broccoli "Fiesta" is considered a mid-season variety, the advantage of which is the density of the heads and the absence of side branches. The pulp is juicy and tasty. The variety is highly resistant to wilting and other characteristic diseases. Productivity up to 3.5 kg per meter of planting. Cabbage is universal in use. It can be frozen for winter consumption, eaten immediately, or stored fresh for about two weeks.

The late-ripening variety “Laki” has a less delicate taste, but is stored longer than others. Cabbage is mainly used for canning and freezing. The ripeness of the heads occurs on the 130-145th day of cultivation. The heads of cabbage are dense, well covered with leaves, weighing up to 1 kg. The variety is resistant to powdery mildew, cold snaps and does not require fertilizing.

High-yielding varieties of broccoli that are best grown in Siberia with characteristics and photos

In Siberian conditions, predominantly early-ripening varieties of broccoli are grown, because the short summer does not allow for a good harvest from late varieties. It is worth taking a closer look at the hybrids of this crop, which are distinguished by their productivity, endurance and unpretentiousness. Gardeners have identified several varieties for themselves:

These varieties and hybrids are grown through seedlings, which are transferred to a permanent place at the end of May. But even here you need to be careful. If the weather suddenly worsens, you should build a greenhouse or cover the plantings with non-woven material.

The varieties “Venus” and “Vyarus” belong to the early varieties of broccoli. The hybrid "Venus" does not form side shoots and heads, unlike "Vyarus". The head of cabbage is dark green in color, very dense, with good taste. The ripening of the fruits occurs simultaneously, on the 80-100th day of cultivation, the heads by this moment reach a weight of 600 grams. The average yield of the “Venus” variety is up to 3.5-4 kg per meter of area. The hybrid is resistant to major diseases and fusarium.

The variety "Vyarus" bears fruit in two waves. The first harvest is formed on the main stem; the heads of cabbage are small, weighing only 150-200 grams. The second time the lateral branches bear fruit. The heads are dense, bluish in color, and tasty. The culture is resistant to low temperatures and easily tolerates heat. Productivity is within normal limits; up to 3 kg of cabbage is harvested per meter of plantings.

The Calabrese variety is considered medium in terms of ripening. It takes more than 100 days to form a commercial head. The plant is quite cold-resistant, bluish-green in color, with a dense head. The main crop is formed on the central shoot; the head reaches a mass of no more than 500 grams. After cutting, many lateral branches are formed, which produce small heads of cabbage. The yield of the variety is good.

Planting broccoli in the Urals: the best varieties with descriptions and characteristics

In the Urals, the crop is grown using seedlings. Seeds are prepared for planting several months in advance; in mid-May, the seedlings are transferred to an open bed or greenhouse. Preference is given to cold-resistant early varieties and some mid-early hybrids:

The early variety “Tonus” is considered one of the most delicious. The plant forms small heads that weigh a little more than 200 grams and lateral heads of cabbage. They keep up at the same time. The harvest requires timely harvesting, since the variety is not resistant to flowering. Cabbage is grown until frost, the average yield per meter of beds is 3-4 kg. The plant has good immunity and endurance.

No less popular is the Macho variety , which tolerates both low and high temperatures. The head is dense, weighs no more than 250 grams, dark green. The variety produces excellent yields, with one meter of planting yielding up to 4 kg of cabbage. The heads store well for several weeks at a temperature of 3-5 °C. The plant is grown on well-fertilized soils, ash and organic matter are added in the fall, and mineral fertilizers should be abandoned.

Of the large-fruited varieties, Continental cabbage . Its heads grow up to 1 kg. After cutting the main crop, additional heads of cabbage are formed on the side shoots. The heads are tight, juicy, dark in color. The variety endures all the vagaries of the weather and is well transported. Suitable for processing, freezing and preservation. The harvest takes about 115 days to ripen on average, so cabbage is grown under film.

Cauliflower

Another variety of cabbage to grow in the Siberian region is cauliflower. It requires good lighting and solar heat, but some varieties have adapted to the short Siberian daylight hours, rare sunny days, and even tolerate light frosts.

Movir

The cauliflower variety Movir-74 is an ultra-early variety, ripening in 55 days, so it can be planted even in open ground. The fruits are white in color and weigh up to 1.3 kg. The cold-weather-resistant variety can withstand both the cool Siberian summer and the hot conditions of other regions.

Snowball

Ripening in 2 months, the Snow Globe takes root well in open soil, withstanding frequent cold snaps and showing high resistance to disease. Among its distinctive characteristics is its long shelf life. Vegetables grow 600 g each, dense, lumpy, and have a regular symmetrical shape.

Color Express

The early ripening Tsvetnoy Express is considered one of the best in Siberia in terms of yield and frost resistance. The growing season of ripening is no more than 60 days from the moment of sowing the seeds. The technological period of maturity can be reduced to 55 days when cultivating Tsvetnoy Express in a greenhouse. The average weight of vegetables is 0.5 kg.

Broccoli varieties

According to the timing of harvest ripening, plants are divided into:

Start harvesting the main heads of broccoli:

for early varieties - after 50–100 days;
for mid-season - after 105–130 days;
for later ones - after 130–145 days.

Plants can be varietal or hybrid (indicated F1 on the packet of seeds). Varietal broccoli has better taste but a longer growing season. Hybrids have a slightly simpler taste, but they are more resistant to temperature changes, pests and diseases, and also tolerate transportation better.

Table: early varieties of broccoli

dense head with covering leaves, medium size;
very tasty.

small, dense head with delicate texture;
delicious.

dense, compact head;
amicable maturation;
withstands frosts down to -7 ° C.;
great taste.

tall plant without side shoots;
the head is medium-sized, dense, without covering leaves;
delicious.

plant with one stem, medium height;
the head is of medium size, medium density, the leaves do not cover it;
great taste.

medium-height plant with one stem;
long petiole;
the head is dense, without covering leaves, medium size, finely tuberous;
good taste.

the head is medium-sized, finely tuberous, without covering leaves;
the taste is excellent.

plant with one stem, medium height;
petiole of medium length;
the head is of medium size and density, without covering leaves;
great taste.

the heads are very uniform;
amicable maturation;
resistance to stem voids;
the taste is excellent.

In varieties marked with an asterisk, young peduncles grow from the lateral axils after 7–10 days.

Photo gallery: early varieties of broccoli

Let's take a closer look at the Green Magic F1 variety. It has received recognition from many gardeners and is recommended for cultivation in all regions. Ripens 60–65 days after planting seedlings in open ground. The plant is not very large, but produces a good harvest. The central heads have to be removed in a short time. The variety is great for freezing and canning. New heads form on the side shoots and grow until frost. All season long you can prepare dishes from fresh heads of cabbage.

Description of the broccoli hybrid Lord F1

Broccoli Lord F1 is a first generation hybrid. Suitable for cultivation in all regions of our country due to its high resistance to cold weather. It is distinguished by impressive productivity indicators and ease of care.

Main characteristics

Broccoli Lord cabbage is popular among gardeners due to its characteristics.

Description of the plant

The height of the plant exceeds 0.5 m. The leaves are large, with a waxy coating. The heads are large, dense, heavy, fine-grained. The weight of each reaches 0.7-1.5 kg. After cutting off the central heads, it forms large quantities of lateral heads (more than 10 pieces). The weight of each side head is 200 g. The stem is powerful, does not bend or break under the weight of the heads.

Productivity

High. More than 5 kg of crop is harvested from 1 m². On average, 3 kg of vegetables are obtained from one plant.

Harvest dates

Early cabbage. The harvest is ready for harvest 50-65 days after sowing the seeds. Does not bloom within 2 weeks after the head appears.

Immunity

The manufacturer claims resistance to stem hollowness and downy mildew. According to reviews from gardeners, broccoli Lord F1 rarely suffers from other diseases.

Transportability

High. Dense inflorescences do not fall apart during long-term transportation. The hybrid remains fresh for more than two weeks after harvest.

Endurance

Resistant to cold weather. Suitable for cultivation in all regions of our country. Inflorescences form before the first frost.

Attention! The hybrid is prone to throwing out barren flowers. It is not recommended to plant it in early spring because of this feature.

Features of the plant

Similar to cauliflower, broccoli comes in different varieties. On the territory of Russia, popular green varieties are Calabrian, with dense heads of inflorescences on a thick stalk. Stem plants are distinguished by the delicate taste of small inflorescences. European farmers have popular purple and white heads of cabbage that ripen in early spring. Broccoli attracts the attention of domestic gardeners with its good yield. When planting on country or private plots, it is important to focus on the varietal specifics of the vegetable:

ripening periods - early, middle and late. For beginning gardeners, cabbage of Canadian selection with small buds growing from summer to autumn is justified;
duration of growth - annual and perennial types of early ripening varieties ripen in 35-55 days;
weight of heads - the central one can weigh 60-600 g, and up to 1 kg of crop can be harvested from a bush;
demands on soils. Cabbage does not tolerate acidic soils, so in the fall the soil is dug up and limed. The second fertilizer complex based on compost, superphosphate and nitrate is applied in the spring.

The vegetable is one of the healthiest because it contains antioxidants, selenium, vitamin U and sulforane. Broccoli has virtually no calories, is suitable for the diet of people suffering from heart and central nervous system diseases, and is indicated for stomach ulcers and cancerous tumors.

Criteria for choosing a plant for cold regions

The entire line of hybrids, of which there are more than 200, is suitable for central Russia. When growing cabbage in low temperature conditions, species with minimal ripening periods are selected. Harvest broccoli cabbage provides the best varieties indicated for cultivation in Siberia - only early ripening ones. A vegetable that ripens in summer or autumn is not suitable for northern regions. A long growing season means the death of the plant at the first frost. When planning to plant a plant on your site, choose early varieties of broccoli:

Lazarus. From planting to the formation of dense and large heads, only 70 days pass;
Broccoli F1. The hybrid plant is characterized by an average density of rich green heads. Large heads can be stored for several months without loss of taste;
Tone. The harvest can be harvested after 2.5 months. The central head weighs approximately 200 g, and the side shoots - 70 g. The color of the heads of cabbage is dark green, and the taste resembles canned peas;
Linda. The harvest is harvested after 100 days. The dark green heads weigh about 350 g; in place of the cut main one, several small ones grow, weighing 50-70 g;
Emperor. It takes 80 days for cabbage to fully ripen. Heads of cabbage, painted green, look like Christmas trees. The diameter of the conical buds is 10-12 cm;
Comanche. Despite the long ripening period - 90 days, the variety is resistant to cold weather. The heads weigh approximately 300 g, they can be transported and stored for a long time.

Seedlings with early ripening periods are transferred to open ground in April. The optimal age of shoots is 7 weeks; as the time of container growing increases, the fruits become small.

The best late ripening broccoli

Parthenon F1 (Japan - France, 2011)

Late-ripening broccoli hybrid for open ground. Ripens depending on weather conditions and region 100 - 120 days after germination. It grows in one stem, 0.9 - 1 m high, with a vertical rosette. The leaves are green with a gray tint, medium in size, bubbly, with a wavy edge. The head is dome-shaped, flattened, dense, with a turquoise tint, slightly lumpy, open, weighing 500 - 900 g. It produces side heads moderately and when favorable conditions are created: a sparse planting pattern, watering, fertilizing. Suitable for fresh consumption, freezing and short-term storage in the refrigerator.

Broccoli Parthenon was bred specifically to form a head in the cool season. The best results can be obtained in the middle zone. In Siberia and the northern regions, the hybrid does not have time to set a good head.

great taste
high yield
good marketability and transportability

weak formation of lateral heads

Broccoli for greenhouse cultivation

Late types of cabbage take root well in the Siberian climate. A good way to get a vegetable that can be stored for 2 months is to plant it in greenhouses. The heads are formed 70-90 days after planting the seedlings and 130-145 days after sowing the seeds. Late varieties have excellent resistance to temperature changes.

Cabbage selection

Siberian gardeners can organize a greenhouse in which broccoli will grow - the best varieties with average ripening periods for Siberia are the following:

Lucky. A crop with good yield and large head weight - up to 900 g. The plant bears fruit 70 days after planting, resistant to powdery mildew;
Continental. Produces fruits weighing almost 600 g. The round heads are distinguished by good transportability and a pleasant green color. When the main fruit is cut, 4 new ones are formed;
Marathon. Not exposed to low temperatures, characterized by high yield (3.5 kg per bush). Tall shoots develop 80 days after placing the sprouted seeds in the ground; they contain heads weighing up to 1 kg. The vegetable is tasty when pickled;
Calabrese. Mid-season variety with a dense turquoise-colored head weighing 400 g. Resistant to low temperature conditions;
Arcadia. The harvest is harvested 110 days after sprouting. The head of dark green tubercles weighs 400 g, the fruits on the side shoots weigh no more than 70 g;
Monterey. The variety, classified as mid-late-yielding, produces fruits weighing 1.5 kg. The central head of a dark green hue is formed by lateral branches.

When planting a plant in a greenhouse, it is important to take into account the temperature and humidity conditions.

Greenhouse organization

Greenhouse cultivation of broccoli in Siberian conditions allows you to guarantee a harvest in the summer. The temperature and daylight hours are regulated by the gardener. When working in greenhouses, it is necessary to follow agricultural techniques:

Place the seedlings in the ground in mid-spring. Seeds are sown at the beginning of winter and are kept under special phytolamps;
soil – loams and chernozems should be fertilized with organic and mineral mixtures;
maintain the required temperature conditions - from +15C to +25C;
thin out potted seedlings after leaf formation;
Apply fertilizing no more than three times. Initially, the plant is fertilized with a mixture of potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen, the second time involves the introduction of nitrogen additives, the third feeding is similar to the first;
Water the cabbage only in the morning.

Readiness for transplanting from peat pots into soil is determined by the color of the plants. The appearance of 4 green-purple shoots indicates that it is too early to replant the crop. Broccoli with light green leaves should be hardened off and then placed in soil without shaking the roots. The seedling needs to be compacted. A strict distance between shoots is maintained - 30 cm. The first watering is carried out after 7 days.

Features of caring activities

Cabbage grown in a greenhouse requires regular watering, loosening the soil and fertilizing. The duration of daylight hours should be from 14 to 17 hours. The temperature is maintained at 16 - 17 degrees, manure dissolved in water is added once every 14 days. The plant develops optimally at a humidity of 70-80%.

Criteria for choosing broccoli for Siberia

Summer residents have access to seeds of varietal and hybrid crops. Hybrids are resistant to pests, diseases, and early maturation. Their taste is not as pronounced as that of varietal vegetables. The best broccoli varieties listed above are ideal for collecting seed material, characterized by a rich fruit taste and long ripening. To choose the right cabbage for planting, agronomists recommend paying attention to:

ripening time. In short summer conditions, crops that ripen in 50 days will be relevant. Late species, which form heads after 140 days, are grown only in greenhouses;
productivity. Depending on the type, from 1 to 7 kg of fruits are collected from one square meter;
speed of ovary formation after removal of the heads;
taste qualities;
shelf life and transportability.

All indicators depend on the variety. Suitable for the Siberian climate include Caesar, Vitaminnaya, Lucky, Continental, Tonus and Comanche. When planting in open ground, it is important to prevent cross-pollination with related crops. The area needs to be weeded before planting seeds.

What dishes are made from broccoli?

Cabbage tastes like white cabbage, so the culinary processing of the product is similar. It is not recommended to overcook broccoli; blanching and steaming are suitable thermal processing methods. The fruits are used to prepare casseroles, salads, soups and vegetable stews. Despite the cold climatic conditions of Siberia, broccoli cabbage, all the above varieties and possible hybrids are selected according to ripening time (material with early germination is preferred). By following agricultural techniques, you are guaranteed to get a good harvest.