✅ Bere Luka pear: description and characteristics of the variety, cultivation and care, photo

History of selection

This pear is of French origin and originally grew wild in the forests of Sologne in the Loire-et-Cher department. In the 70s of the 19th century, the variety began to be cultivated under two names: Bere Alexandre Luca and Bézy de Saint-Agiles.

The variety came to the Russian Empire thanks to L.P. Simirenko, a former Honorary Member of the French National Pomological Society. Today, the fruits and seeds of this pear can be found on sale, including under the abbreviated names Lucas or Lyukasovka.

Characteristics and description of trees and fruits

Being a triploid (a form with three sets of chromosomes), young Bere Luke trees grow quickly, reaching 5–5.5 m in height, sending out light brown shoots with wavy foliage and forming a medium-dense, pyramidal crown. The variety enters the fruiting season early, 3–6 years after planting (depending on the rootstock). Bere Luca can be tasted starting in mid-September. Fruit:

large (200–400 g);
oval-conical shape;
sweet, without cloying, with a slight sourness;
when ripe, green with a reddish tint;
in consumer maturity - yellow with gray dots and an orange blush;
with juicy, aromatic, slightly granulated pulp.

Like all representatives of Beurre, the variety is characterized by a special oiliness, melting in the mouth fruit pulp (French “beurre” translated as “butter”). The tasting score of the pear is 4.8 points. The variety is very productive; from one tree you can get 43–54 kg of pears per season.

Terms and conditions for storing fruits

Depending on the Bere variety, the fruits are stored for different times. Autumn and winter varieties are most suitable for storage. In order for the crop to be preserved for the longest possible period without loss of taste characteristics, it is removed directly from tree branches at the stage of removable maturity.

Autumn and winter varieties are most suitable for storage.

If you keep the fruits on the branches, they will not last long.

To preserve the harvested crop for as long as possible, adhere to the following recommendations:

After harvesting, the fruits are sorted. Whole fruits without signs of disease are placed in a cool room.
Remove the pears by hand and carefully place them in containers with ventilation holes.
When removing, the stalk is not pulled, but twisted. It should stay on the fruit.
The containers in which the harvest is stored are covered with paper.
In the refrigerator, fruits are best stored in the fruit and vegetable compartment.
In the cellar, it is best to store pears in wooden or plastic boxes. Each layer is covered with paper. If the harvest is not too large, then each fruit can be wrapped separately.

If all storage rules are followed, pears can be stored without loss of taste until spring.

Planting a pear

Proper planting will be the key to good harvests. Let us consider in detail the features of planting young Bere Luke trees.

Preparing the site

Pear is extremely demanding on soil fertility and lighting. It should not be planted in the shade of buildings or other trees. It is necessary to select a sunny, wind-protected area of 5 × 4 m. It is preferable to choose loose, nutritious, moist soils (loams, chernozems). Like all triploid varieties, Bere Luca is self-sterile and requires nearby pollinating pears (Bere Bosc, Williams, Klapp's Favorite).

Selection of planting material

Seedlings are purchased from trusted nurseries. When buying on the market, there is a high risk of getting a mismatch. The requirements for quality seedlings are as follows:

age up to 3 years;
the presence of three main roots with a network of small roots;
no damage or thickening on the roots;
light and pure color of the cut on the root;
smooth, even bark of the trunk and branches.

Before planting, the roots of the seedlings are placed in water at room temperature for 2 hours (no longer, otherwise they will lose minerals and will not take root well).

Step-by-step landing instructions

The timing of planting depends on the climatic conditions of the region: in the south, pears are planted in the fall to quickly adapt the roots; in the middle zone, spring planting is recommended (the air should warm up to +15°C).

Planting holes are prepared in advance (in the fall or at least 2 weeks in advance). Its dimensions are 70 cm wide and 55–65 cm deep. Expanded clay for drainage and a nutritious mixture of peat, humus and sand in equal parts are placed in the hole. You can also add a glass of wood ash. The mixture is poured with a bucket of water.

The landing itself is carried out as follows:

The seedling is placed in a hole with the roots straightened.
Three wooden pegs about a meter long (from the prevailing winds in the area) are placed next to the seedling for support.
The hole is filled with fertile soil so that the root collar is 4–5 cm above the soil level. Gradually, the seedling along with the soil will settle and the neck will be flush with the ground.
The seedling is tied to the supports with synthetic ribbons, watered abundantly (3 buckets of warm water) and left to take root.

Video: instructions for planting a pear

Bere Klerzho

Klerzho is a low-growing tree with a narrow pyramidal crown. The branches generally grow at an acute angle to the trunk. The pear has a fairly early period of fruiting, since seedlings begin to bear fruit already in 4-5 years.

The fruits are large in size, which can reach approximately 200-240 grams. In appearance, the pears are slightly curved, which can be seen in the photo.

Clerjos are distinguished by their smooth, glossy skin, which when fully ripe becomes golden in color, with a slight reddish blush. The pulp is creamy in color, sweet in taste, and simply melts in your mouth.

Note

The advantages of pear include the high taste of the fruit and its good presentation, as well as resistance to scab.

The disadvantages are the thin stalk, due to which the fruits often fall off before reaching full maturity, as well as the frequent infestation of the fruits by the codling moth.

Variety care

Basic agricultural practices include watering, several fertilizing per season, pruning and preventive measures aimed at protecting against pests and diseases.

Watering

It is not recommended to water the pear with cold water from a hose. For irrigation, warm, settled water and devices that simulate drip irrigation (sprinklers) are used. You can water the pear from a watering can along 10 cm deep grooves dug around the tree.

Young trees are watered 5-6 times per season; adults will need 3 waterings (before buds open, after flowering and in the fall). The watering rate is 2 buckets per 1 m², but weather conditions and soil conditions should also be taken into account.

Feeding

Fertilizing is combined with watering and carried out several times a year:

In spring - nitrogen fertilizers (nitrophoska, urea at the rate of 30 g per 1 m²).
In summer - phosphorus-potassium sprays on the leaves.
In autumn - a mixture of 30 g of superphosphate and 15 g of potassium sulfate per 1 m², diluted in 10 liters of water and added during digging. You can also add vegetable ash (150 ml).

Pruning and crown formation

Pears are formed according to a sparse tiered system:

Post-planting pruning. It is carried out immediately after spring planting or after severe frosts (when planting in autumn). The central conductor is shortened by 15–20 cm. Long skeletal branches are cut by a third, the cut is made to the outer bud. The competing shoot is removed, as well as branches that form an acute angle with the trunk (such branches will break under the weight of the pears).
Formative and maintenance pruning. Conducted annually for the next 10 years. The pear tree does not require such intensive pruning as, for example, the apple tree. A small correction is enough: removing too densely growing branches and fatty shoots (vertically located non-fruit-bearing branches, the growth of which wastes a lot of nutrients).
Anti-aging pruning. It is carried out for mature trees once every 2-3 years. Cut out old, withered branches. Bent branches are replaced with young shoots that grow above the bend.
Thinning pruning. Her object is old trees. Remove diseased branches, as well as shoots that shade the crown.

Harvest and storage

Bere Luca is a late-season variety and ripens in mid-September - early October. Pears are harvested during the day, in dry, sunny weather. You should not hesitate to collect. To increase shelf life, pears are picked at ripeness and left to ripen. In a storage facility with an unregulated gas environment (for example, in a regular refrigerator or in a basement) at a temperature of +2. +3°C fresh fruits are stored for about 4 months. When storing in the cellar, boxes lined with foam chips or oak leaves are used. Place the pears in the refrigerator in a tight, airtight bag.

Advice from experienced gardeners

When growing a pear, it would be useful to familiarize yourself with the recommendations of experienced gardeners:

Bere Luka does not tolerate severe frosts, so for winters with little snow with temperatures below –10°C, the tree needs to be insulated in the fall: wrapped in burlap or covered with pine branches.
(plants to improve the soil structure) is planted between the rows Mustard, lupine or phacelia are used as green manure.
Do not trample the soil around the pear after planting: the roots will not have enough oxygen. You need to gradually add soil to the roots and carefully water them with water from a watering can.
Try to attract insectivorous birds (tits, wagtails) to the site. They will help fight pests.
The main whitewashing of the trunk should be carried out in the fall on dry bark (to protect against changes in temperature and humidity). In spring, whitewashing is done again in early March. For whitewashing it is better to use special paints; homemade ones can harm the wood.

Bere Luca is not as famous as other representatives of the Bere group, but the excellent taste of its fruits, high yield and ease of care make it more and more popular every year among domestic gardeners. The variety has a great future both in industry and for breeding.

Bere Kyiv

Pear Bere Kyiv is represented by a medium-height tree. The crown of the pear is wide, pyramidal, and has medium density.

The fruits are characterized by their large size, because their weight can even reach 270 grams. The skin of the fruit is dry, but smooth. The color of the fruit is predominantly green, but when fully ripe a yellowish tint is observed. The pulp has a creamy tint, is juicy and tender.

The taste of the pear is sweet and sour, however, the chemical composition of the fruit shows that it contains about 11% sugar, which gives it a good taste.

Advantages and disadvantages

So, having examined a brief description of the Kiev pear, we can note the following advantages: large fruits, high taste qualities of the fruit, fairly high yield, especially when the tree is mature.

Read also: Ussuri pear, Chinese pear, loosestrife other types of pears in the photo

The disadvantages include the late ripening of the tree and low yield in the first years after planting the seedlings.

Description of the Bere pear variety

Bere pear is a tall growing tree with a spreading and asymmetrical crown. It is presented in the shape of a pyramid. The young seedling grows very quickly. The branches are long and geniculate. The shoots are presented in a grayish-brown color. They are thick and have small lentils. The leaves are large, ovoid in shape. The tip of the leaf is elongated, the color is dark green, and the length of the petiole is 0.7-1.5 cm. How rust is treated in the spring, and how to do all the work yourself, is described in the article at the link.

The flowers of the tree are large and wide open. The petals are presented in an oval shape. Since flowering occurs late, the flowers are not afraid of spring frosts.

The fruits are large in size and weigh 190-250 g. They have an elongated bottle shape. The skin is orange. It is thin and rough. The stalk is thick and has a curved shape. The pulp is juicy and creamy in color.

The pear has a special taste, almond. Harvesting occurs 7-8 years after planting.

How columnar varieties are cared for in the spring, and what you should pay attention to, is described in great detail in the article.

What gall aphids look like and what can be done about this problem is indicated here.

Various diseases and parasites

Pear Bere Dur

In areas, this fruit crop can be subject to some diseases, for example, rust, mosaic disease, scab, fruit rot, fire blight, subcutaneous viral spot, black cancer, sooty fungus, and cytosporosis.

Fungal diseases can be cured. Effective preparations are chemicals, for example, you can buy Bordeaux mixture, copper sulfate and much more. Immediately after the diagnosis is made, it is necessary to select the right treatment, spray the branches, foliage, and flowers. Fungal diseases are much more difficult to cure. Antibiotics may be used. If there are no noticeable changes, immediately remove the plant from the area and burn it.

Most often, fruit crops are attacked by gall mite, subbark leaf beetle, aphid and codling moth. It is possible to use traditional medicine.

Despite the large number of ways to combat various diseases and parasites, it is necessary to carry out preventive procedures. What they include:

- pruning dried, infected, broken branches.
- destruction of fallen leaves.
- cleaning weeds.
— loosening the soil.
- whitewashing of trunks.
- timely spraying with chemicals.

Varieties

The Bere pear variety has many subspecies. Each of them has its own growing characteristics.

Giffard

Giffard is a representative of the summer variety. The tree grows up to 5 m, has thin branches, and the surface of the bark is rough. After planting, intensive development occurs, but then growth slows down. The shoots are thin, red in color. The leaves are light green and the flowers are large. Ripe fruits have the correct shape. Their skin has light brown spots. The pulp is so juicy and tender that it literally melts in your mouth. The variety is not picky about soil, but it is better to plant it on fertile soil. The tree begins to produce its first fruits at the age of 6. Every year the yield only increases. The winter hardiness of the pear is average. It is also worth learning more about how a disease such as rust is treated, and what you should pay attention to first.

What does the Clerzho variety look like?

This Clergeau variety was obtained in Western Europe. It has satisfactory winter hardiness. But in the northern regions it is necessary to take care of shelter. It begins to bear fruit early - in early September. The fruits are large, they have a pleasant taste and aroma. But if you are late in harvesting, the pear begins to lose its taste. The tree itself has a narrow pyramidal crown, and the shoots are red in color. The leaves are medium in size, and towards the end they are narrowed. What early varieties of pears exist, what their name is, and what they look like can be seen here.

Russian

This variety belongs to the autumn-winter variety. It is short in stature - 3-4 m, with a wide pyramidal crown. The color of the bark is gray, and the shoots are medium in thickness. Russian inflorescences are collected in an umbrella-shaped brush.

They are small and white. Ripe fruits have a rough skin surface. The pulp is presented in a white shade.

Kyiv

This type of pear was obtained in Ukraine. The crown of the tree is of medium density. Bere Kyiv is characterized by high winter hardiness. Fruits steadfastly resist the defeat of Scab. You can get the first harvest 4 years after planting. Find out about the Severyanka pear variety in this material.

Winter Michurina

This variety has average winter hardiness, so the tree can only be grown in areas with black soil. The tree is strong and has a pyramidal crown. The fruits are large, they have white skin, and there is no astringency. Harvest can occur at the end of September. From the collected fruits of the Michurin variety, you can make jam, compote or dried fruit.

Diseases and pests

Lucas pear trees can be affected by the following diseases if not properly cared for:

Scab. Small rounded brown spots appear on the leaves, which subsequently spread to the entire tree. Later, the spots increase in size, and the fruits begin to crack and do not grow. Scab must be combated by spraying with a mixture of lime and copper sulfate several times a year, as well as by removing affected parts of the tree and spoiled fruits.

For the purpose of prevention, the following measures will help: trees should be planted in sufficiently lit places with good ventilation, at a distance of at least 5 m from each other; remove weak branches in a timely manner; promptly remove fruits that have fallen to the ground; At the end of the growing season, carefully remove fallen leaves from the garden.
Read also: Very tasty and aromatic Alligator cucumber for fresh consumption
Sooty fungus. A dark sooty coating appears on trees in the form of spots without a specific shape. Spots cover leaves, branches and fruits, after which the fruit loses its presentation and taste. Long-term presence of the fungus on trees leads to slow growth of shoots, death of foliage and reduced fruiting.

You can remove sooty fungus at the beginning of its development by removing plaque from flowers and treating trees with Fitoverm fungicide. Removing dried leaves and branches will also help, after which they need to be burned. At a late stage of development, the fungal infection is treated with Horus or Skor.
Fruit rot. At the beginning of the disease, small brown spots appear on the fruits, which subsequently grow over their entire area. The fruit pulp turns brown and softens, making the pears unsuitable for food. After 10 days, large yellow-beige growths appear on the fruit in the form of concentric circles, containing fungal spores. These spores inseminate other fruits through wind, rain and parasites.

A measure to combat fruit rot is preliminary spraying of trees (30 days before harvest) with Fitosporin, Zircon or iodine solution (10 ml per bucket of water; repeat after 3 days).” Prevention: spraying trees with the specified products twice in the spring, with a 2-week break.

The pear of the described variety is affected by the following pests:

Pear gall midge (leaf). The larvae of the parasite suck the juices from the leaves, as a result of which compacted curved ridges of a reddish or yellowish color are formed at their edges. Due to severe damage, the leaves become underdeveloped and begin to curl around the central vein. At the end of their development, the larvae fall to the ground and overwinter in it, pupating in the form of false cocoons, and in the spring they pupate completely.

Spraying with the preparations “Ditox”, “Fufanon”, “Bitoxibacillin” helps fight leaf gall midges.
Codling moth. The parasite is a butterfly that lays eggs on fruit. Its larvae penetrate inside the fruits and feed on their seeds. After which the pears begin to crumble en masse and rot.

During the mass flight of parasitic butterflies, trees are treated with Iskra, Karbofos, Klinmiks, Agravertin - insecticides effective against the codling moth. Prevention: since the larvae of the parasite have the ability to spend their entire life cycle in the same fruit, so that the drugs have the most effective effect on them, trees are treated before and after flowering (in the evening in dry weather).

How and when to plant

It is best to carry out planting activities in April, while the buds have not yet swelled. You can also plant the plant in October, when the leaves have already fallen. The choice of location must be approached responsibly, since this pear variety does not like numerous transplants. It is best to grow Bere in an area located in the western or southwestern part of the garden. For high fruiting, it is necessary to choose a place that will be thoroughly illuminated by the sun's rays. There should also be no draft at the chosen location.

And although the Bere variety, like the description of the Chizhovskaya pear, loves moisture, it needs to be planted where the groundwater level is at least 2 m. For the full growth of the seedling, it is worth giving preference to loose soil. To improve the aeration qualities of the soil, it is necessary to combine it with 10 kg of coarse sand. This will give the soil lightness and airiness.

Even before planting, you need to dig up the soil, adding mineral fertilizers, peat, and humus to it. This procedure is extremely important, otherwise the tree may not take root due to lack of nutrients.

Since the Bere tree has a lush crown, a distance of 3-4 m must be maintained between seedlings. The depth of the hole should reach 1 m and the width 60-80 cm. Such large sizes are necessary for better growth of the root system. But how to plant the best summer varieties for the middle zone, as well as what they are called, is described in great detail in this article.

The video shows a description of the pear variety:

Make a mound in the prepared recess. It should be 3-5 cm above the main soil. Place a tree trunk on it, and carefully distribute the root system in a circle. Be sure to drive a peg so that the tree does not break from the wind in the first years of its life.

Before sprinkling the seedling with soil, you need to add 10 liters of water to the hole. Next, lay a layer of mulch, which will retain moisture in the soil and protect it from drying out.

How to care

This pear variety is not capable of self-pollinating, so other self-pollinating plants must be planted near the tree. In addition, caring for the pear should be thorough and regular.

Watering

Bere, like the Lada pear variety, responds positively to moisture, so it needs to be watered regularly. For these purposes, it is best to use a special nozzle on the hose, which creates a rain effect. If there is no such attachment, then dig a 15 cm wide hole near the root system and pour water into it. In total, water the tree 4-5 times per season, but if there is drought, then increase the number of waterings. There are 30 liters of water per 1 m2.

Fertilizer

The amount of fertilizer applied is determined taking into account the age and growth of the tree. If this is a young tree, then within a year its shoots should grow to 40 cm, and for an adult - 20 cm. If these numbers are reduced, then it is worth helping the tree to fully grow and develop. To do this, fertilizers are added to the soil. This should be done in spring and autumn, when the seedling is 2 years old.

If we take into account the description of the Pamyat Yakovlev pear, then for it, as for the Bere variety, it is enough to add organic matter once every 3 years. But mineral supplements are used more often. To increase fruiting and activate tree growth, it is necessary to apply 20 g of ammonium nitrate per 1 m2.

Trimming

Unlike the Conference variety, this variety requires pruning. When the seedling is 2 years old, you can begin to form a crown. To do this, select 3-4 main branches. They should be at an equal distance from each other. Trim them to ¼ height. But the trunk should be 20-30 cm higher than the other growths. Every year you need to remove diseased and downward growing branches.

Shelter for the winter

Since the Bere variety has average frost resistance, it is necessary to prepare for wintering. For insulation, you should use straw or paper. Wrap the tree trunk with these materials. Then the roots can be maximally protected from cold and sharp gusts of wind. You may also be interested in information about what varieties exist for the Urals and Siberia.

Planting and caring for Bere pears

Compliance with agrotechnical measures is a guarantee of health and abundant fruiting of fruit trees.

Crops grow well in light, loose, fertile soils with an acidity level of 5.7-6 pH. Black soils and gray forest soils with loamy subsoil are optimal. The pear will not take root in excessively depleted and heavy clay substrates. Despite the love for moisture, it is necessary to plant the crop in areas where groundwater lies below 2 m.

Bere pears do not tolerate transplantation well, so they deliberately choose a suitable site. First of all, it must correspond to the dimensions of the tree and be well lit. It is advisable that the place be oriented to the west or southwest.

Planting of seedlings in the garden is carried out in spring or autumn, or rather in October, after the leaves fall, in March - before the buds open. A few weeks before the procedure, the ground is dug up, adding humus, sand, peat, and mineral fertilizers. The size of the pit for Bere pears is 0.8 x 0.8 m and 1 m deep. The dimensions are taken with a margin for better growth of the root system. At the end of the event, the seedling is watered abundantly. The circle around the trunk is covered with a layer of mulch, which will help retain moisture in the ground. The distance between trees should be maintained up to 4 m, and between rows 4-5 m.

In the future, Bere pears need careful, regular care:

The seedlings do not need frequent watering. 4-5 water procedures per season are enough. If the summer is too dry, then the amount of watering needs to be increased. Calculate the volume of water based on the norm of 30 liters per 1 sq. m.
The number of feedings carried out is chosen based on the age of the tree. A young plant needs feeding, especially on poor soils. In the spring, nitrogen nitrate is added to stimulate the growth of seedlings at a rate of 20 g per 1 square meter. m. Organic fertilizers are given once every 3 years.
Crown formation begins after two years of age. The main 3-4 shoots, equidistant from each other, are subject to pruning. Shorten them by ¼. The trunk is made 30 cm higher than the other branches. Sanitary pruning is carried out every spring.
Bere pears do not have high frost resistance, so there is a need for winter shelter. The trunk and shoots are wrapped in agrofibre, which will help withstand severe frosts.

Reviews

Mikhail, 34 years old: “The Bere pear allows you to get very tasty fruits. In addition, they retain their presentation for quite a long time. This is extremely important for me, since I sell fruit. I grow them in the country and take them to the market in winter. I pick pears that are not yet fully ripe, and then they stay in my cellar until March. Moreover, their taste does not deteriorate at all.”
Svetlana, 43 years old: “The Bere variety is one of my favorites. This is due to the fact that pears are so juicy and tender that they literally melt in your mouth when eaten. I grow pears in my dacha. I can’t go every week, so I don’t have time to take special care of the trees. But despite this, the yield is quite high, because from one tree I collect about 40 kg of fruit. Of course, I water it, fertilize it and always cover it with sawdust for the winter, otherwise the tree will not withstand the winter frosts and will die.”

Bere is a variety of pear that has tasty, juicy fruits, consumed both fresh and canned. Caring for the crop is simple, as it includes standard activities. Even with insufficient care, you can get a pretty good and high-quality harvest.

Advantages and disadvantages

Experts include the main advantages of the Bere pear:

high productivity of this fruit tree;
excellent presentation and excellent taste of the harvested crop;
the tree takes root well on any soil without requiring special care;
ripe fruits hold tightly to the branches, practically without falling off;
The shelf life of the harvested crop in cool conditions is up to 60-65 days;
the collected fruits tolerate transportation well;
Bere pear is quite resistant to scab.

But this variety also has a number of disadvantages:

frost resistance – low;
under direct sunlight, burns may appear on the foliage;
during long-term storage (more than 2 months), the fruits lose their taste;
The pear begins to bear fruit only 7 years after planting, which is considered a fairly long period;
the tree grows tall (up to 10 m), which greatly complicates pruning and other crop care activities;
The variety does not tolerate dry periods well, so it requires additional watering.

Characteristics of the variety

All varieties of the variety have different characteristics. Each individual species differs in fruit ripening period, appearance and parameters. Varieties of the family ripen at different times, but most of them ripen in the fall.

Description of trees

The Bere pear variety, according to the description, is of medium height, but with a large crown. Over the years, the foliage becomes dense and the crown becomes wide.

The shoots and trunk are thick, the leaves are oval-shaped, with rounded ends. The flowering period occurs late, so the inflorescences are not affected by return frosts.

Description of fruits

According to the description, the fruits of the Bere family reach 200-300 g.

Their skin is yellow, yellow-green, golden, greenish or red. The fruits ripen from late July to early November. The average shelf life of fruit is up to a month.

The best varieties

Today, the Bere group contains a wide variety of varieties: Bere yellow pear, Bosc, Russian, etc. However, not every type can be considered the best. Let's look at the varieties that experienced gardeners consider the best.

One of the oldest is the Bere Bosc pear variety. Most often, this variety is grown in Western Europe. But it also occurs in the CIS countries. Often used as a basis for obtaining new varieties. The tree is quite tall, with a dense, asymmetrical and spreading crown. Often the crown resembles a pyramid.

Bosc produces large and tasty fruits. The average weight of pears is 200–250 g. They are shaped like a bottle. The skin color is golden. The peel is thin and rough to the touch. The flesh is white or creamy. Bere Bosc pear is tender and has an excellent taste, as well as an almond aroma.

Bere Ligel

It is not known exactly how this variety appeared. It is believed that the pear was developed in the Czech Republic at the end of the 18th century. The fruits of this variety have a universal purpose. On average, they weigh about 120–170 g. Pears are obtuse-ovoid or round. They are smooth, without bumps or ribs. In rare cases, they may be compressed on the sides.

When they reach technical maturity, the fruits have a pale green color. During storage, the peel turns yellow. Sometimes an orange blush appears on the sides. The pulp of the fruit is creamy.

It is very juicy and melts in your mouth. The taste is pleasant. Similar to nutmeg. The harvest ripens in September.

The tree tolerates frost well. But it has a tendency to be affected by scab, which greatly affects the abundance of the harvest. Ligelya is a self-sterile variety. Therefore, it needs pollinators to form a harvest. The best pollinating varieties in this case will be Forest Beauty and Klappa's Favorite.

Bere Gardi

Another old variety is the Bere Gardi pear. It was bred by the French breeder Bonnet in the 19th century. This variety is most common on the Black Sea coast, in Crimea, as well as in the Caucasus region.

The tree is quite tall, with a pyramidal crown. Flowering occurs in the middle period. The fruits become ripe in autumn. With age, there is a gradual increase in fruit size. On average, the weight of pears ranges from 100 to 200 g.

The peel is rough to the touch. It is strong enough so that the fruits do not spoil during transportation. During the ripening process, the skin changes its color from green to golden. Under the skin there is tender and juicy pulp. It is characterized by a wine flavor.

The tree is noted to be slightly drought-resistant. At the same time, the plant has high frost resistance. The tree is resistant to scab. The harvest can be stored for three months.

Read also: Physalis cultivation and care, propagation, recipes for the winter

This is an autumn variety that was bred in Belgium. Young trees of this variety are characterized by a high growth rate. They have a wide pyramidal dense crown. In adulthood, trees form medium-length branches, the ends of which hang slightly. The color of the trunk bark is dark gray, and the shoots are brownish-gray.

An average flowering period is observed. Pears of this variety are quite large. Their weight is about 270 g. Moreover, young trees are capable of producing fruits weighing about 500 g. Their shape is round or broadly pear-shaped. Irregularity is characteristic.

The peel is dense. When technically ripe, it is green, and when ripe, it becomes light yellow. Red dots appear on its surface. Sometimes a blush forms on the sunny side. Fruits can be removed from the tree at the end of September. They can be stored for two months.

Bere Ardanpont

Due to its characteristics, the variety can not be grown in all regions of our country. This variety bears fruit best on the southern coast of Crimea. Therefore, the yield here directly depends on the region of growth. Ardanpon produces very tasty pears. They can be collected as early as early September. Among the disadvantages of the variety, low immunity to scab should be noted.

Any pear of the Bere variety (Michurina, Bosc, etc.), if properly cared for, will delight you with its abundant and tasty harvest.

Summer varieties

These are special varieties that bear fruit from mid-July to the end of August, and in some northern regions of Europe even in the fall. The fruits are tender and sensitive to storage conditions, so they can be stored for no more than 3 weeks.

Variety Golden

The golden pear was obtained by breeders in Belarus. After planting, at least 5 years must pass for the tree to begin to bear fruit. It usually bears fruit at the end of August, the fruits remain in good condition for about a week.

The trunks reach a height of up to 3 m and have good resistance to bacterial cancer and scab. The bush withstands winter and is resistant to low temperatures.

Bere Giffard

The Giffard variety has a short tree and does not require special conditions for growth.

As the tree matures, growth slows down, but resistance to cold increases and productivity increases. Fruits are not prone to scab, but sometimes they can contract fruit rot.

Bere Summer

The Bera, or Summer, pear is fast-growing and early: it produces fruits from the 4th or 5th year of growth, and is resistant to low temperatures.

Its yield after 15 years reaches 120 kg of dessert fruits. The bush bears fruit in early August, the fruits are resistant to scab.

Bere Summer

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Summer Bere varieties bear fruit from the end of July and throughout August. Grown primarily for sale or fresh consumption. One of the most popular summer varieties is Bere Letnaya. Its main difference is in the fruits. They are large, elongated pear-shaped and can weigh up to 280 g, while the same summer “Giffard” and “Zolotaya” produce fruits of 80-100 g maximum. The peel is always thin, smooth, yellowish with dots over the entire surface. The pulp is light, tender and sweet in taste, with a high juice content.

Bere Bosc variety is a very famous pear

Important!

Summer Bera pear varieties are soft and susceptible to shedding after full ripening, so they are harvested without delay or a few days before full ripening. They are suitable for food even at the stage of technical maturity.

Bere Letnyaya was first discovered in the Vinnitsa region. The tree begins to bear fruit already 4-5 years after planting. The variety is frost-resistant, so it can be grown not only in the southern but also in the middle regions. A 15-year-old tree can produce yields of 120 kg per year. Pears ripen around August, but it is recommended to remove them 7-10 days before ripening so that they are not yet very soft, this way they will be better stored.

Also in the summer, such types of Bere as “Clapp’s Favorite”, “Bere Giffard”, “Bere Golden” ripen.

Autumn varieties

Autumn varieties are resistant to frost

Autumn varieties are characterized by low yield resistance. The fruits are soft and sweet, so they cannot withstand high temperatures and adverse weather conditions. The harvest is harvested from September to early October.

Fruits picked in advance ripen at home and improve their taste. Such fruits can be stored for up to 70 days under the right conditions. Most varieties are resistant to frost.

Bere Russian

Bere Russian pear is resistant to low temperatures and has good yield.

The fruits are tasty and have a long shelf life. Russian pear is resistant to various diseases and has no significant disadvantages.

Bere Klerzho

Klerzho is a subspecies that bears fruit 4-5 years after planting and tolerates low temperatures well.

The fruits ripen and fall quickly. The fruits are very sweet, can be stored for up to a month, are resistant to scab, but are sometimes affected by the codling moth.

Moscow

Moscow pear is the result of selection of several summer and autumn varieties. This is a fast-growing variety; seedlings bear fruit already 3 years after planting.

The bush bears fruit on short branches. The fruits themselves are soft and juicy; if they are not picked in time, they quickly become overripe. Resistant to disease and cold.

Krasnokutskaya

The Krasnokutsk pear produces fruits already in the 4th year and is characterized by winter hardiness and resistance to scab.

The pear has a high yield: in the 15th year of life it bears up to 130 kg of fruit. Fruits are harvested from the end of September.

Bere Bosc

The variety is characterized by high productivity

The Bere Bosc pear is one of the most popular autumn varieties of the family. Bosc is capable of reaching large sizes and has good productivity. Fruiting begins 6-7 years after planting.

Fruit ripening occurs as early as September. The fruits of the Bosc tree are large and can be stored for up to a month. Usually, ripe fruits are firmly held on the branches and do not fall off even after ripening.

The Bere Luca pear is a late autumn variety developed in France. It is highly resistant to scab and septoria and bears fruit regularly.

The variety has small fruits with a greenish tint, yellow or green skin, and good density. The first fruits are harvested in November.

Description and characteristics of the variety with photos

This pear tree is a fairly old variety - its varieties appeared in France and Belgium at the beginning of the 19th century. Since then, the Bere pear has been appreciated by gardeners not only in these countries - seedlings of this variety have been actively exported to many countries in Europe, Asia and America for decades.

This variety came to the Soviet Union after the Second World War, passed tests and a couple of years later was included in the State Register and zoned for cultivation in many regions of Russia, as well as on the territory of most union republics. Varieties of Bere pear are grown by many gardeners in these regions to this day.

Pears of this variety received their name in honor of the famous French scientist Bosc, who for decades studied varietal fruit trees and berry bushes, as well as variety science.

This pear tree has a pyramidal shape, but with age the crown becomes more spreading, asymmetrical, and its shape is most often irregular. The height of the Bere pear can reach 9-9.5 m, so it is classified as a tall plant. But with such a height of an adult tree, caring for the crown presents a certain difficulty, especially when carrying out formative and sanitary pruning.

This tree has an average lifespan of up to 50-52 years, and with good care even longer. But the main peak of fruiting occurs in trees from 25 to 35 years. And in the future, the yield of Bere pear varieties decreases significantly. Productivity is average; by 10 years, one tree can produce up to 80 kg. And in the 14th year and beyond, the harvest from this pear is twice as large.

The variety is a late-ripening variety, so ripe fruits are harvested from the second ten days of September to the first ten days of October.

The first harvest from these fruit trees is harvested quite late - approximately 7 years after the seedlings are planted in a permanent place. But in the future the pear will bear fruit every year.

In the first few years after planting, seedlings grow quickly; side shoots grow especially well during the season. The color of growing branches is light brown with a grayish tint. Over time, the main and side shoots become quite thick. The foliage is large, ovoid in shape, its color is dark green, slightly dull. The buds are pressed against the shoots.

This variety blooms late - after the end of spring frosts, so the flowers do not freeze, and the ovaries are formed abundantly. The petals are oval-shaped, quite large, and white in color. The flowers are collected in inflorescences, each of which contains up to 18-22 pieces.

Ripening fruits have a regular elongated shape, most often their color is bright yellow, and their taste is excellent. The pulp is juicy, sweet, the weight of ripe fruits ranges from 100 to 250 g, so this pear is classified as a large-fruited variety.

Pears are attached to the branches with the help of long and thick stalks. Ripe fruits do not fall off even under the influence of strong winds, which is an advantage of this variety. The harvested crop can be stored in the cellar for about 2 months; with longer storage, the fruits lose their taste. The harvested crop tolerates transportation well over long distances.

Important! Although the variety is unpretentious - it grows on any soil without requiring special care, it does not tolerate dry periods well and requires additional watering at this time.

Resistance to frost is quite low, average resistance to scab is noted, however, the foliage can get sunburn.

Winter varieties

Winter varieties will ripen by mid-autumn. They are grown in regions with a mild climate, where there is still no frost in November.

The fruits should not be allowed to become overripe, otherwise the fruits will fall off, damage the shell and lose their unique soft taste. Late winter pears can be stored for up to 5 months at a temperature of 3-5°C.

Bere Kyiv

The Kiev variety is fast-growing and bears fruit already 4 years after planting. Young trees may not produce large yields, but later the owners will experience high fertility.

The pear is not afraid of low temperatures and lack of moisture, and is resistant to disease. In good conditions, the fruit can be stored for up to 3 months.

Bere Winter Michurina

Bere Winter pear named after Michurin is the result of crossing the Ussuriyskaya Wild and Royal varieties. It is resistant to cold weather and prone to scab.

The variety bears fruit regularly and stably from 6-7 years after planting. The fruits are sweet and versatile in use.

Bere Ardanpont

The Ardanpont Bere pear variety was developed in Belgium in the 18th century. The seedling received its name from the discoverer of an unknown pear. This is the latest variety, it is very demanding on growing conditions.

Ardanpon Bere is not resistant to low temperatures, but gives a good harvest, the fruits are stored for a long time. Productivity depends on the growing region, and the fruits themselves can be stored for up to 4 months.

How to plant a pear (video)

The fruits have a round-conical shape, are relatively large and fairly medium in size, their weight can vary between 170-200 g. The surface of the fruit is rough and slightly rusty, golden-yellow with a dark red outer color. The pulp is whitish-cream in color, with sufficient juiciness and oiliness, a pleasant sweet taste with a slight, slightly sour taste. The harvest occurs in the middle of the first autumn month.

The varietal advantages can be considered the possibility of long-term storage of the harvested crop, as well as highly marketable appearance, excellent taste and suitability for transportation over long distances. However, when cultivating “Russian Bere”, one should remember about self-sterility, relatively late periods of fruiting, as well as freezing of garden plantings in regions with unfavorable soil and climatic conditions.

Growing rules

Bere varieties are undemanding to growing conditions. They grow well in light and loose soils with average moisture.

If the tree grows in the shade or in a wetland, the yield will not be high, but there are some recommendations for growing:

when planting a young tree, you need to provide it with all the conditions for growth, and also cut off the upper branches with leaves;
in the first stages of growth, organic and nitrogen-containing fertilizers should be used to improve tree growth;
all trees require fertilizers containing potassium, so you need to constantly monitor the composition of the soil;
In dry and hot weather, be sure to water each plant 3-4 times a day in the amount of 3 buckets of water;
in mid-autumn, the soil should be dug to a depth of no more than 15 cm.

Otherwise, this is an undemanding variety that is resistant to low temperatures. Bere is resistant to diseases, but is not immune to pests. Among the infections, the most common are scab, cytosporosis and rust.

Features of cultivation

In order for representatives of this group of pears to produce a bountiful harvest, the trees require proper care. If we talk about Bera, then all varieties of this group are distinguished by their ease of care. They grow well in loose, light and moderately moist soils.

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Seedlings can be used for propagation. Seed rootstocks of wild pears can also be used for these purposes. Grafting works well on quince.

Pears of this variety do not need frequent watering. When caring for them, you should avoid stagnation of moisture in the soil. Otherwise, the risk of root rot increases. Watering in the summer-autumn period must be done in small portions. You should pour 1-2 buckets of water under one tree. After watering, the tree trunk circle is loosened. This allows you to reduce the amount of watering and also prevent the appearance of weeds.

The pear orchard must be periodically sprayed with special solutions. This manipulation will protect the trees from parasites and pathogenic microflora. Spraying should be done in early spring. After this, a couple of sprays are carried out in summer and autumn.

Tree feeding begins a year after planting. It is especially important during the period of flowering and fruit formation.

Bere pears are an excellent purchase for your garden. These trees require simple care and still produce a bountiful harvest of large fruits.