Description and characteristics of the variety
First, you should familiarize yourself with a number of features inherent in all varieties of the variety.
Tree
The plant is large and tall, often growing up to 5 meters. Existing dwarf varieties do not exceed three meters. They all have a pyramidal crown with a huge number of shoots. There are no skeletal branches. Because of this, the crown appears sparse.
This is a very prolific apple variety
Gray-green or dark green leaves are ovoid in shape and do not densely cover the shoots. The edge is slightly raised, but the leaf blade is directed downward. The inflorescences are large and fragrant. According to the type of fruiting - mixed, but it is better if pollinating trees grow near the fruit plants.
The frost resistance of the variety is average and even northern varieties cannot withstand temperatures below -28°C.
Did you know? According to pomologist L.P. Simirenko, the Sinap Kandil variety produced a record harvest in 1883
-
1392 kg.
Unfortunately, now the tree produces no more than 200–300 kg
.
Apples
The fruits are medium or large, with an average weight of 120–150 grams. Excellent sweet and sour taste and juiciness does not depend on the variety.
Unripe apples are yellow in color with a greenish tint. During storage, the color may acquire golden tones. The barrel, which was constantly illuminated by the sun, will turn red. The skin is dense, rough, but easy to peel off. During long-term storage it becomes covered with an oily coating. The pulp is white, tender and aromatic.
Important! The harvested fruits should take 3-4 weeks to ripen. Then all their taste characteristics will be revealed.
The variety bears fruit well, but not consistently. Peaks in yield are observed at intervals of 2-3 years. During these years, an adult tree bears about 170 kg of fruit, and in more favorable years - 2-3 quintals.
Advantages and disadvantages
- The variety has many positive qualities:
- precociousness;
- high yield;
- good keeping quality of fruits;
- the fruit does not mold and does not change taste during storage;
- fruits tolerate frost well;
- good frost resistance of the tree;
- tolerate transportation well;
- versatility of the fruit.
- There is no less list of negative traits of the variety:
- begins to bear fruit in the fourth year;
- without spraying you can lose 40% of the crop;
- the tree is tall and spreading;
- yield depends on weather conditions;
- without rationing the harvest, its quality deteriorates;
- does not tolerate drought and reacts negatively to dew;
- When there is a deficiency of nutrients, it is affected by bitter pitting.
Pollination
Northern Sinap is partially self-fertile. To increase productivity, it is recommended to plant pollinators such as Antonovka, Pepin saffron, and Slavyanka in the garden plot.
Without pollinators, the yields of Northern Sinap will decrease. When self-pollinating, this apple tree produces only about 40% of the possible harvest.
For Oryol Sinap, the best pollinators are Antonovka and Welsey.
Variety varieties
The Sinap variety has a number of varieties with their own characteristics in appearance, as well as different requirements for cultivation.
Qandil
It is characterized by high yield. One tree can produce 300 kg. Fruit harvesting is possible with the onset of autumn. Medium-sized apples, no more than 140 grams, elongated. Their skin is smooth, yellow-green with a ruddy side. The pulp is juicy and sweet. This variety has good immunity to most diseases.
Video: Kandil apple tree
Mountain
A fast-growing winter variety with good frost resistance and immunity to scab. Produces round, large fruits weighing 170–300 g. The color is golden with a pink-red side. Sweet and juicy in taste. After collection they are stored for six months.
The fruits of Mountain Sinap have an attractive appearance and delicate aroma
Heroic
A vigorous, frost-resistant variety. It has good immunity to powdery mildew and scab. It bears large white-green fruits weighing 130–300 g. They have an excellent presentation and excellent taste. The harvest takes place at the end of September. Apples can be stored for 6-7 months without loss of properties.
Apples of the Bogatyrsky Sinap variety are stored for up to 7 months and are characterized by good transportability
Belorussian
A medium-fruiting, vigorous autumn variety with a dense and wide crown. Fruits early, resistant to negative temperatures and scab. It can grow in Siberia, for example in Krasnoyarsk. Fruits weighing 0.09–0.12 kg with a hard, golden skin. The pulp is light green, soft, juicy, sweet. The harvest is harvested at the end of September and stored for 7-8 months.
Sary Sinap (Crimean Sinap)
Medium-sized variety of late winter ripening with immunity to scab and powdery mildew. Yellow-green fruits with a pink side weigh no more than 120 g. Under the thick skin hides white, dense, sweet and sour pulp. The harvest can be stored until mid-spring.
Video: Apple variety Sinap Sary
Almaty
The variety is immune to scab and powdery mildew. The tree is medium in size and blooms with dark pink flowers. The fruits are formed weighing 0.11–0.15 kg. An unripe apple is yellow-green in color; when ripe, it is dark red. The pulp is white, juicy, sweet, loose. Harvest occurs at the end of September.
Khakassian
An autumn variety that grows up to 400–450 cm. It bears fruits weighing 170 g. Ripe fruits do not fall off. From one tree you can collect 50–60 kg of yellow-green oval apples. The variety tolerates low temperatures and drought well. The harvest lasts until May.
Khakass Sinap is resistant to frost, winter drying and damping off
Minusinsky
Medium-sized, small-fruited autumn variety. It begins to bear fruit from the fifth year of life and bears fruits weighing 50–60 g. They are yellow-green in color with a pink-purple barrel and juicy, sweet and loose pulp. It is immune to scab and tolerates frost well.
Orlovsky
This variety begins to bear fruit in the fourth or fifth year. It is impossible to obtain a normal harvest without pollinators, and even with them it will not exceed 70 kg. The apples are large, 110–120 g, round-conical. In the upper part they are slightly beveled and have blunt ribs. The skin is without roughness, oily, with a glossy sheen. It is colored yellow-green if the apple is not ripe, and golden yellow if it is ripe. There must be a ruddy side.
Video: Apples of the Orlovsky sinap variety
Sinap on a dwarf rootstock
An adult tree of this variety does not grow more than 300 cm. It bears fruit much earlier than others, at 2-3 years. Such compact sizes allow you to grow several trees in a small garden plot. You can graft any of the described varieties onto a dwarf rootstock and get a tree with the same characteristics, but compact in size and with early fruiting.
Northern (Siberian)
The variety is partially self-pollinating. Without pollinators, a tree can produce 40% of its harvest. It bears fruit in 5–8 years, and if grafted onto a dwarf rootstock, then in 2–3 years. Blooms with large pink flowers. The average weight of the fruit is 95–150 g. They are conical in shape, yellowish-green in color with a brown-red side. Technical ripeness is reached by the beginning of October. A mature plant yields 170 kg of harvest.
Video: Apples of the Northern Sinap variety
History of selection
Mountain Sinap was bred in Gorno-Altaisk by Siberian breeders.
They have been working on the creation of the apple tree since 2003, and the final result was obtained in 2005. The apple tree was grown in the climate prevailing in the Altai low-mountain regions.
The Taezhnoe variety was taken as a sample . The new variety was compared with Altai Purpurov, which is distinguished by excellent frost resistance and good yield.
The sample turned out to be less resistant to frost; at sub-zero temperatures the trees froze.
But the yield of Gorny Sinap is higher than that of the Taezhnoe variety. The trees bear fruits that are golden yellow in color and when ripe the surface becomes a dark pink hue. Weight 100-150 grams. The white pulp is fine-grained, medium density, juicy with a pleasant taste. On a note ! The fruits are stored for about 6 months. The characteristics are basically no different from other varieties. Medium-sized trees with a dense crown of green leaves, short-haired leaves. The seedlings are resistant to scab – marsupial fungi. The variety has been included in the State Register of the West Siberian region since 2009.
Landing Features
The main thing to consider when planting any variety of the Sinap variety, except for the dwarf variety, is the size of the tree. It is difficult to grow more than one such plant in a small area.
Important! In the late winter variety, the fruits ripen completely already collected. This takes two to three months .
Selecting a location
For apple trees to feel comfortable, they need about 700 cm of free space . It is advisable to plant them on the sunny side. It is preferable that the soil be sandy or loamy. Acidity levels are below 6 pH. Groundwater should not come closer than 200 cm to the surface.
The apple tree will give a larger harvest when planted in the fall
Selection of planting material
It is advisable to buy seedlings in specialized stores . When purchasing, you should pay attention to the condition of the root system. In a healthy seedling it is well developed, without damage, rot, or signs of disease. The stem is without traces of diseases or defects. The bark should be smooth.
Video: Choosing an apple tree seedling
Direct planting technology
Planting work is recommended to be carried out in the spring, in March or April, or in the fall, in September-October. A pit measuring 1×1×0.8 m is prepared at the selected location. If planting several trees is possible, then 700 cm is left between the pits.
Rice. 1 - Planting a fruit tree, fig. 2 - Properly planted tree
The fertile layer is removed from the pit and mixed with 2 buckets of rotted humus, a bucket of compost, 0.5 kg of ash, 50 g of sodium sulfate and 100 g of superphosphate. Everything is thoroughly mixed. The bottom of the pit is lined with drainage made of crushed stone or broken brick. A fertile mixture is poured on top, which fills a third of the hole. A peg is installed in the center, north of the seedling.
Important! In order for the crown to grow better, it is recommended to shorten the central shoot by 0.4 m.
If the planting material has dry roots, they need to be torn off and the remaining ones left in water for 4-5 hours. Then you can land. The plant is placed in a hole on a mound of soil. Its root system is carefully straightened and sprinkled with earth. The tree is watered with 3-4 buckets of water and the ground is mulched with peat and humus.
Video: Instructions for planting an apple tree
What type does it belong to?
"Northern Sinap" is a late-winter variety . It is adapted for such regions as the Central Black Earth, Lower Volga, Middle Volga and East Siberian. Fruit ripeness occurs in early October.
The collected apples ripen in storage for two or three months, gaining flavor and acquiring a beautiful appearance. The fruits have a long shelf life and can retain their taste until the end of spring and even longer.
However, the safety of winter apples depends on the conditions provided. This can be any suitable room with the ability to maintain a constant temperature from 0 to 1 °C and air humidity of about 80% . Fruits sprinkled with shavings of deciduous trees or wrapped in paper are stored in cardboard or wooden containers.
Tree care
The Sinap variety is very demanding in care. Without attention, fruiting will be poor and irregular.
Summer varieties also include the Medunitsa apple tree.
Irrigation rules and regulations
The apple tree is watered weekly . One tree needs 3 buckets of water. If the summer in the region is hot and dry, then the frequency of watering can be increased. After each irrigation procedure, the tree trunk circle is loosened so that the water is absorbed faster and a crust does not form on the surface, preventing air movement.
Watering is especially important during bud formation and fruiting.
Timing and rates of fertilizer application
Fertilizers are applied for the first time the next year after planting. Four feedings are needed per year. With the beginning of sap flow, the apple tree is fed with a mixture of humus and manure (0.5–0.7 kg per tree). With the appearance of buds, urea is added, 0.5 kg per plant. After flowering, a mixture of superphosphate, urea, and calcium chloride is used. The last time nutrients are added is after harvesting. Superphosphate diluted with water (30–50 g/10 l) is used.
Root feeding should be applied to the tree trunk
Crown trimming and shaping
Sinap apple trees are characterized by intensive branch growth, so in order for the crown to look neat, it must be shaped. We will tell you how to do this correctly below. In the first years, the branches are shortened by only a third. In subsequent years, pruning should be done so that only three tiers of branches remain. After this, all branches except fruit-bearing ones are removed.
Did you know? Apples do not sink in water because 20
–
25% of their mass is air.
Pruning is carried out in the spring before sap flow begins. All cuts must be treated with garden varnish.
Thanks to pruning, trees bear fruit regularly and the size of the fruit increases
Preparing for winter
The frost resistance of the variety is average, so the plant will not be able to survive frosts without preparation for winter . It is necessary to wrap the trunk with non-woven material and cover it with spruce branches to protect it from pests.
The tree trunk circle is watered abundantly before frost, and then mulched with sawdust, leaves, and peat. Young, non-fruit-bearing trees must be covered with completely protective material.
Diseases and pests of the variety
Sinap apple trees have good immunity to powdery mildew and scab, the most common diseases. To prevent other diseases and pests from attacking the plant, it is enough to perform a number of preventive actions:
- Trim dry, diseased, or deformed branches in a timely manner to protect the tree from pests.
- To protect the fruits from the codling moth, it is necessary to treat the plant with a wormwood solution.
- A lack of calcium can cause bitter pitting. For preventive purposes, at the beginning of fruit formation, spray the crown with preparations containing calcium.
- In preparation for winter, apply organic fertilizers, dig up and mulch with peat or humus.
Growing in regions
The Mountain Sinap variety is zoned for the regions of Western Siberia. Here are the most favorable conditions for its growth.
The Mountain Sinap apple tree is zoned for Western Siberia.
Advice! In areas of Siberia and the Urals with long, extremely cold winters, it is worth growing this apple tree in a stale or stale-bush culture.
Advice from experienced gardeners
A few recommendations for planting and care:
- Plant the seedling so that its root collar is 50–70 mm above the soil.
- Spray the crown with copper sulfate after harvesting, and with Bordeaux mixture before the buds open.
- Treat with calcium-containing preparations in the evening.
- When preparing a tree for winter, check the condition of its bark.
- Plant the apple tree in soil with neutral acidity.
Harvesting ahead of schedule is not recommended, as this can lead to a deterioration in the taste of the fruit and a reduction in shelf life.
A huge number of subspecies of the Sinap variety allows everyone to choose the best one for themselves and grow it. Fruits of any variety are tasty, juicy and can be stored for a long time. The only thing that needs to be taken into account is the large dimensions of the tree. Because of this, if the plot size is not large, it is better to grow dwarf trees.
Reviews
Marina, 26 years old, Moscow region: “We have a Mountain Synap growing in our garden, inherited from my grandfather. Always made us happy when we were children. Now my children are happy; they really love the jam and juices made from these apples.”
Victor, 55 years old, Orel city : “When thinking about what to plant on the site, I listened to a lot of advice and decided to choose the Mountain Sinap apple tree, which I have never regretted. For the ninth year now he has been pampering us and there is plenty to treat ourselves, and there is plenty to treat others.”
