Growing carrots in a greenhouse: choosing a variety and features of agricultural technology

Carrots began to be grown in greenhouses relatively recently. Carrots are a plant from the Apiaceae family and are cultivated almost everywhere. Before growing carrot seeds, you should take into account that this vegetable crop is biennial and in the first year of cultivation it forms only a leaf rosette with a root crop. A seed bush with seeds is formed in the second year of life, which makes it possible to obtain high-quality seed material in the beds. Carrot seeds have good germination. In agricultural conditions, carrots can be grown, which show good and high yields.

Growing carrots in greenhouses began relatively recently. At one time, this vegetable crop was cultivated exclusively on open ground ridges, and carrots were sowed not only in early spring, but also before winter. Before growing carrots, you should familiarize yourself with the biological characteristics of this popular vegetable crop, and also take into account criteria such as the timing of planting carrots, as well as caring for carrots, including proper watering of the crop.

General information

The fleshy roots of garden carrots can be truncated-conical, cylindrical or spindle-shaped and weigh more than 350 grams. The plant's peduncle is characterized by inconspicuous cup-like teeth and white petals. The fruit may be oval or elliptical.

The fleshy roots of garden carrots can be truncated-conical, cylindrical or spindle-shaped

Planting carrots and growing this healthy vegetable began a very long time ago. The roots of garden carrots are used as food, and carrot seeds are used in the manufacture of tinctures and medicinal extracts.

Carrots are rich in carotenoids, represented by carotenes, phytoene, phytofluene and lycopene, and also contain an excellent vitamin composition, including B, B-2, pantothenic and ascorbic acids.

It was once believed that eating carrots had a beneficial effect on vision, but this statement has not received scientific confirmation.

To get a good and abundant harvest of this vegetable, you should not only purchase high-quality carrot seeds, but also know what variety and when it is advisable to grow, as well as perform the correct sowing of carrots. Before planting carrots correctly, you should approach the choice of variety with all responsibility. When you want to get a high-quality early carrot harvest in a greenhouse in a short time, you should select seed material especially carefully. Today, gardeners can choose carrot seed material:

• on tape;
• coated;
• ordinary.

At one time, this vegetable crop was cultivated exclusively on open ground ridges, and carrots were sowed not only in early spring, but also before winter

Greenhouse requirements

began to grow carrots in greenhouses relatively recently; the usual method seemed simpler and more familiar, when planting is done in early May or before winter, but now greenhouse cultivation has also become widespread

This can be a standard polycarbonate structure, or covered with film.

The main thing is to ensure that there is sufficient ventilation in the greenhouse and how much light enters it, but this already depends on the correct location.

Description of varieties

Nowadays, greenhouse structures are increasingly being used to grow vegetable crops, which were once used only for the cultivation of heat-loving plants, including cucumbers, peppers, eggplants and tomatoes. It is advisable to plant carrots in a greenhouse only in a few varieties that are most optimally suited for such growing conditions. The category adapted for cultivation in protected soil includes the following varieties and hybrids of carrots:

• forming very high-quality cylindrical root crops, variety “Amsterdam Forcing 3” ;
• ultra early ripening and productive variety "Minicore" ;
• The long-term storage varieties “Nantes-4” and “Nantes-14” ;
• an early carrot variety that produces juicy, high-quality root crops “Mokush” .

In addition, planting carrots of the varieties “Vitaminnaya-6”, “Losinoostrovskaya-13”, “Red Giant”, “Boltex”, “F1-Zabava” .

When purchasing seed material, you should take into account the fact that once upon a time preference was given to ordinary seeds, but today the use of seed material on a tape is considered more promising. High-quality carrot seeds can also be coated.

It should be remembered that seeds on a tape and coated can cost much more than plain ones. Before planting carrots, you should decide on the purpose of the crop, based on which you should select the variety, as well as the optimal timing for planting greenhouse varieties of carrots. It is most convenient to plant carrots with seeds on a tape. However, as practice shows, productivity does not depend on this.

What vegetables cannot be planted with tomatoes in the same greenhouse?

When growing tomatoes, it is imperative to control the temperature and humidity of the environment. That is why the correct choice of crops adjacent to tomatoes is very difficult - most vegetables do not feel comfortable next to tomatoes:

• Frequent watering and high humidity, which cucumbers love so much, are contraindicated for tomatoes;
• During growth, dill absorbs all the beneficial substances needed by tomatoes;
• young tomato seedlings will be suppressed by fennel;
• close proximity to peas is fraught with the fact that during the growth process they creep up to the tomatoes, wrap around them, and deprive them of light, so it is better to plant peas further away.

Neighborhood with some melons, such as pumpkins, squashes and zucchini, is also excluded. As they grow, they fill all available space.

Features and planting pattern

When the choice of variety and purchase of seed material is completed, it is time to plant the selected carrot variety. Purchased seeds on a tape do not require pre-sowing preparation. Planting carrots with pelleted seeds is also not difficult. For sowing, you should use calibrated seed material that has a good supply of nutrients. Carrots should be planted with pre-soaked and then dried seeds.

In greenhouse conditions, carrots should be planted in an ordinary way and according to the standard pattern for such a vegetable crop. The depth of seeding should not exceed two centimeters, and the calculation of seed material is about one hundred seeds for each square meter of greenhouse soil. The inter-row distance should be maintained at fifteen centimeters.

For sowing, you should use calibrated seed material that has a good supply of nutrients

Carrots are very demanding on soil and yield largely depends on the type of greenhouse soil. The best option would be to sow greenhouse carrots in dry sandy loam soil. Do not forget that growing this vegetable crop in sandy soil has a bad effect on the shelf life of root crops.

Rules for growing carrot seedlings

It is not difficult to obtain strong and healthy seedlings of garden crops. Carrots do not require special care. It is important to take into account the timing of planting, prepare the seed, and provide heat and light to the seedlings.

Seed preparation

Seed material comes in the following types:

• Seeds in bulk.
• Seeds on a ribbon. Glued at equal distances. Thanks to this, the seedlings do not require thinning, but appear later. The glued seeds are dry, there is no way to soak and feed them.
• Dried. Seeds coated with a shell containing useful substances. Such material does not require pre-sowing preparation. The soil must be thoroughly moistened so that the shell disintegrates.

Seeds of root crops, regardless of variety and type, have low germination (50-75%). Only fresh seeds are selected for sowing.

The sprouts sprout unevenly. The seeds are covered with essential oils that do not allow moisture to pass through. Until the oils are washed away from the seed, germination slows down.

To increase germination and accelerate seedling growth, seed preparation measures are carried out:

1. Disinfection and increasing germination. The seeds are soaked in a weak solution of manganese, using “Epin”. Soak for half an hour, after which the floating empty seeds are taken out and thrown away.
2. Hardening. The seed material, wrapped in damp gauze, is placed in the refrigerator for 5 days. You can bury the seeds in open cold ground for 10 days.
3. Drying. The seeds are washed and left on a clean, dry surface for 20-30 minutes. After drying, the seeds are immediately sown.

Note! Carrots can be sprouted before sowing. To do this, the seeds are mixed with peat and left for a week. After pipping, the sprouts are sown in containers.

Dry seeds should swell and become saturated with moisture during processing. During hardening, humidity must be controlled.

Timing of sowing seeds

Seedlings germinate 6-20 days after sowing. After 2 weeks, the seedlings can be moved to the greenhouse. The temperature should not drop to sub-zero values. The timing of sowing depends on the region and the availability of heating in the greenhouse.

Proper planting of seeds for seedlings

Algorithm for sowing root crop seeds:

1. Prepare containers: planting boxes, plastic containers. Experienced gardeners say that it is better to sow seeds in empty chocolate boxes. This will make the root vegetable sweeter.
2. Prepare the soil. Take universal soil for seedlings, sandy loam from the site, mix garden soil, peat, humus.
3. Treat the soil with a disinfectant (manganese solution).
4. Fill the containers with soil mixture. Layer height – 25 cm.
5. Moisten the soil in the containers.
6. Sow the seeds:

• pour in bulk, sprinkle with a thin layer of earth (after sprouting, picking will be required);
• piece by piece, with your hands or tweezers, bury the seed 2 cm into the ground (the distance between the holes is 3 cm).

1. Moisten the soil with a spray bottle.
2. Cover the container with film.

The containers are placed in a room with a temperature not lower than +2 °C. The film is removed several times a day for ventilation and condensation is removed. Moisten the soil if it dries out. As soon as the sprouts hatch, the film is removed.

Features of care

Proper care of carrots has a significant impact on the quality of root crops and yield. In order to properly care for this vegetable crop in a greenhouse, you should remember that the technology for cultivating carrots involves the following activities:

• timely and high-quality thinning of seedlings and plants several times a season;
• regular shallow loosening of the upper soil layers;
• periodic hilling of vegetable crops;
• thorough and timely removal of all weeds;
• regular and sufficiently abundant watering of carrots and fertilizing with complex fertilizers;
• carrying out preventive measures and timely control of pests and diseases of vegetable crops.

You can also learn about the features of growing beets in greenhouse conditions.

Caring for carrot seedlings in a greenhouse

Diseases and pests

In greenhouse conditions, carrots are less susceptible to diseases and pests, which has a beneficial effect on the growth and development of plants and allows one to obtain a fairly high yield. However, regular plant inspections should not be neglected. Most often, this vegetable crop suffers from the following plant parasites and diseases:

• adult and larval stages of carrot flies;
• small carrot psyllids;
• carrot moth, which attacks all plants belonging to the celery family;
• root-knot nematodes;
• mole cricket;
• larvae of click beetles - wireworms;
• naked slug;
• fall armyworm;
• carrot fomoz or dry carrot rot;
• white carrot rot.

Proper care of carrots has a significant impact on the quality of root crops and yield.

To protect plants from diseases, the following recommendations should be followed:

• spray carrot tops with preparations such as “Immunocytophyte”;
• add nettle infusion to water for irrigation;
• water or spray plants with the Baikal preparation;
• use prophylactic drugs “Fitosporin-M”, “Trichodermin”, “B-Alirin”, “Glyokladin” and “Gamair”;
• use special biological products against major fungal and bacterial infections.

We also suggest you find out when and how often you need to change the soil in the greenhouse.

Preparing carrot seeds for sowing in spring

Carrot seeds take a long time to germinate - up to 3-4 weeks, even if the grains are of good quality, germination will not exceed 70-80%. Grains require mandatory pre-treatment before sowing:

• soaking in warm water with the addition of ash (a teaspoon of substance per liter of water) will saturate the grains with important organic compounds, so they will sprout quickly;
• Wrap the seeds in a thin fabric bag or gauze, then immerse them in hot water for 5-7 minutes, then quickly place them in cold water for a couple of minutes. This method promotes the activation of grains;
• The grains are soaked in a growth stimulator such as Epin or Zircon. The preparation of solutions is carried out according to the instructions attached to the preparations;
• the seeds are placed in a fabric bag, and then in early spring they are buried in the soil to a depth of 25 cm. They are kept in the soil for 2-3 weeks, when the seedlings swell, the bag is dug out of the soil and the grains are dried.

Prepared grains must be pickled before planting to eliminate the risk of infection. To do this, dilute a weak solution of potassium permanganate, immerse the grains in it for 20 minutes, and then dry it and plant it in the ground. For etching, you can use a peroxide solution.

How to increase carrot yield (video)

In addition, in order to achieve a bountiful carrot harvest when growing this vegetable crop in a greenhouse, you should carry out high-quality pre-sowing treatment of the soil and greenhouse structure, as well as purchase exceptionally high-quality seed material in the form of varieties resistant to diseases and pests.

0 Galya 09.17.2015 08:50 I plant carrots in open ground. And last spring, in the greenhouse between the rows of cucumbers, I planted some Chantane carrots on ribbons - just for fun. The cucumbers rose, I tied them up, and the carrots grew beautifully under them. Compared to carrots in open ground, the fruits in the greenhouse turned out to be much larger. This year I also planted some in the greenhouse, but haven’t harvested it yet.

Quote

0 Nina 11/12/2015 5:09 pm I have carrots of the “Nantes-14” variety planted in my greenhouse.
I usually sow it in sparse rows, thin out the plants if necessary, and as soon as the carrot reaches a certain size, I carefully pull out every second plant. I immediately eat young carrots; sometimes, as needed, I store the carrots in the refrigerator for several days, putting them in a plastic bag. Quote

Advantages and disadvantages of growing carrots in a greenhouse without seedlings

Carrots can be sown directly into prepared soil or seedlings can be pre-grown. Growing root vegetables from seeds has its pros and cons.

Prevention of carrot pests

Carrot fly larvae leave passages, excrement, bacteria and other waste products in the root crop. The carrots go bad. Moreover, the fight against the fly must be carried out constantly. Here are the main techniques:

• Every year we plant crops in a new place;
• the carrot bed is well lit by the sun and blown by the wind;
• We constantly loosen the soil - flies like to lay eggs in dense soil;
• we hill up the rows after each thinning - the heads will not be green;
• We spray every 3 days with an infusion of marigolds or pine needles;
• fill the place of the pulled carrot with earth;
• cover the bed with non-woven material;
• After loosening and removing weeds, sprinkle the row spaces with ash, celandine powder, and chamomile.

I personally try not to use chemicals.

Brand secrets

If the seeds are not glued on toilet paper, then before sowing I germinate them, so to speak, near the heart.

To do this, I wrap them in a damp cotton cloth, then in polyethylene, put them in a fabric bag and hang them on a cord around my neck.

Instead of sticking toilet paper on strips, this year I want to make jelly beads. To do this, I glue the seed onto a piece of paper, roll it into a ball, dry it and put it in a jar until spring.

You don’t have to water the carrots - let the roots grow deeper and deeper in search of moisture. But if you water, then it is very abundant, because due to superficial watering, monsters grow.

Brand secrets

If the seeds are not glued on toilet paper, then before sowing I germinate them, so to speak, near the heart.

To do this, I wrap them in a damp cotton cloth, then in polyethylene, put them in a fabric bag and hang them on a cord around my neck.

Instead of sticking toilet paper on strips, this year I want to make jelly beads. To do this, I glue the seed onto a piece of paper, roll it into a ball, dry it and put it in a jar until spring.

You don’t have to water the carrots - let the roots grow deeper and deeper in search of moisture. But if you water, then it is very abundant, because due to superficial watering, monsters grow.

vyrastisad.ru

Prevention of carrot pests

Carrot fly larvae leave passages, excrement, bacteria and other waste products in the root crop. The carrots go bad. Moreover, the fight against the fly must be carried out constantly. Here are the main techniques:

• Every year we plant crops in a new place;
• the carrot bed is well lit by the sun and blown by the wind;
• We constantly loosen the soil - flies like to lay eggs in dense soil;
• we hill up the rows after each thinning - the heads will not be green;
• We spray every 3 days with an infusion of marigolds or pine needles;
• fill the place of the pulled carrot with earth;
• cover the bed with non-woven material;
• After loosening and removing weeds, sprinkle the row spaces with ash, celandine powder, and chamomile.

I personally try not to use chemicals.