Renclod plum: description of varieties, features of planting and care

Description and characteristics of Renclod plum

Renclod is a fruit tree, a subspecies of domestic plum, part of the Rosaceae family. It differs from other plums in its taste, especially juicy and soft fruits. The main characteristics of trees and fruits are outlined below.

Did you know? The Rencloud plum is named after the daughter of the French King Louis. In French the word means "Queen Claude".

Description of trees

The trees of this variety of plum are more neat, and the crown requires pruning. The height of most varieties does not exceed 5–7 m. The leaves are placed on elongated petioles; they are dense, slightly elongated and drooping. The crown of the trees is round, young branches are elastic, red-green or brown in color, the edge is short.

The bark of mature trees is gray in color. Greenweed begins to bloom in late spring (usually in early May); To pollinate sterile and partially self-fertile varieties, planting pollinator trees or artificial pollination is used.

Did you know? The plum tree came from the crossing of cherry plum and sloe more than 2000 years ago, so there is no wild plum - except for plants that grew from seeds that accidentally fell “into nature.”

Description of fruits

Renclod fruits are oval, 4-5 cm in size, weighing 20–50 g. The color of the berries is yellow-green or dark blue, in some varieties the shade reaches black. The fruits have a coating that is easy to wipe off. The surface is a little rough. Plums are attached to the branches with a pubescent short stalk.

The most popular varieties and their characteristics

The Renklod plum subspecies includes a number of different varieties. The most common of them are briefly described below.

Important! Even self-fertile varieties of greenweed often require pollinators to obtain maximum yield.

Green

The height of green Renclad trees is 6-7 m. He is considered the founder of other varieties. The fruits, weighing 20 g, have a green-yellow tint and a light coating on the peel. The pulp is light, almost transparent, fleshy and sweet. The fruits appear after 5 years of plant growth. In the first year of fruiting, 23–30 kg of plums ripen on the trees; after 10 years, the harvest will be 40–60 kg. The harvest takes place at the end of summer.

Yellow

The Renclad yellow tree is fast-growing and frost-resistant, 6 m tall. Plums are small in size, oval in shape. The pulp of plums is juicy, green-yellow in color, and has a sour-sweet aftertaste. Their ripening occurs at the end of summer and lasts until the beginning of autumn. The yield of this variety is 30 kg per tree. The fruits withstand transportation well.

White

The variety is famous for its unusual matte white fruit color. The pulp is light yellow, almost transparent, juicy and tender. White Renclod fruits are not suitable for canning, so they should be eaten fresh. Trees of this variety tolerate both frost and drought well. The first fruits appear 3 years after planting.

Blue

A moderately frost-resistant variety that demonstrates resistance to many diseases. The fruits are violet-blue in color and have a coating on the skin. The plum weighs approximately 35 g and tastes juicy and sour. It begins to bear fruit after 3 years.

Altana

Frost-resistant variety, can withstand down to -30°C; In addition, it is resistant to drought and disease. The fruits are purple in color and have amber, juicy flesh. You can get 90 kg of harvest from a tree. One berry weighs 45 g. Productivity decreases every 4-5 years. An alternative name for the variety is Large Purple. It was bred due to a mutation of the seedlings and seeds of Renclod green.

De Beauvais

A variety of Belgian origin, De Beauvais, like the previous one, is obtained from the seeds of green Renclaude. The harvest takes place at the end of September. The variety is demanding on lighting and heat. The pulp is juicy, with a nutmeg aftertaste. The fruits are yellow-green in color, with a noticeable blush on the sides; have high keeping quality.

Early

Renklod early trees are tall, reaching 6 m. The variety is frost-resistant. Harvesting takes place from late July to August. The fruits are yellow-orange in color with a characteristic blush. They taste sweet and sour with a honey aftertaste and have a high shelf life. This variety is susceptible to codling moth damage.

Kolkhozny

The Renklod kolkhoz variety, or, in common parlance, Kolkhoznitsa, was bred by breeder I.V. Michurin by cross-pollinating Green Renklod with a prickly plum in the 19th century. The height of the trees is 3 m; they can withstand frosts down to -35°C and bear fruit every year, starting from the 4th year of life. Plums are yellow-green in color with a light coating, sweet and juicy. The weight of one plum is about 20 g. Collective farm renklod can be used for various preserves, jams and sweet snacks.

Soviet

Frost-resistant variety, can withstand down to -30°C. Created in Russia in 1980 by cross-pollination of Renklod Ulyanishchev and Record plum. The height of the tree is 3 m. Harvesting takes place at the end of August. The first fruits can be harvested after 4 years. The fruits are dark purple in color with a coating on the skin, weighing 40 g. The pulp is golden, sweet, juicy, not cloying, with sourness. When frozen, the fruits lose their shape, become loose, but do not lose their taste. Suitable for making preserves, marmalade, desserts, but not recommended for preservation. Soviet renklod is affected by polystigmosis.

Karbysheva

The variety was bred in 1951 in Ukraine. The tree is tall and fast-growing, with a dense crown. It requires pollinators such as Renclod Early and Renclod Green. Harvesting of Renklod karbyshev takes place in early August. The fruits are scarlet, weighing about 50 g; the pulp is dark yellow. The plum is juicy and sweet, the taste is high. It makes excellent prunes.

Tambovsky

Renklod Tambovsky, or Tatarsky, is a hybrid of green Renklod and red Skorospelka plum. Trees of medium height, frost-resistant. The fruits are small in size, dark purple in color, and their flesh is sweet and juicy. The first harvest can be harvested after 3 years. This variety does not self-pollinate and is also susceptible to fungal diseases.

Tenkovsky

The height of the variety's trees is 3 m. The dark purple plums grow small in size, weighing 15–20 g. When tasting, the peel is slightly bitter. The pulp is yellow, loose and grainy, with a sweet and sour taste. The harvest takes place in the second half of September. The first fruits can be harvested after 3-4 years.

Michurinsky

Small red fruits grow on a medium-sized tree of this variety. The variety is frost resistant. The harvest ripens by early September. The plum is juicy, slightly sour; has high keeping quality. The first fruits can be harvested after 3 years.

Presidential

This variety is also called English plum. To get it, breeders combined the following varieties: Renklod Altana, Hungarian Azhanskaya and Great Blue plum. Typically the tree reaches 3 m in height. Presidential Renclad tolerates cold well. The harvest takes place at the end of September. Large plums are purple in color. The harvest appears within 4 years after planting.

History of selection

This variety was bred at the Rossoshan experimental station .
Its author is A. Ya. Voronchikhina. The goal of the creation was to obtain a variety with high frost resistance, but without losing the main characteristics of green plants.

And the creator completely succeeded. The basis for its breeding was the following species: Record and Renklod Ulyanishcheva.

In 1976, an application for registration of the Renklod Sovetsky plum was submitted to the State Register. And over the next ten years, variety tests were carried out, which fully confirmed the declared characteristics.

Plum Renklod Sovetsky received official registration in 1986.

Optimal growing conditions

To get a rich harvest, you must comply with the growing conditions. First of all, seedlings need to be planted in suitable soil. The soil for planting should be:

• loose;
• fertile;
• with low acidity.

Seedlings should be planted in a well-lit, not windy area, since drafts can slow down the growth of the plant or reduce the size of the fruit. It is also necessary to monitor the lack of groundwater, since excess moisture will lead to various diseases, even rotting of the roots. It is best to grow trees on hills.

Find out how to make a plum blossom and bear fruit.

Avoid low-lying areas, since after winter and rains all the water accumulates in such places. It is recommended to plant greenweed near a fence or some kind of building - this way you can protect the plants from strong winds or drafts without unnecessary hassle. If the selected variety cannot pollinate itself, pollinating trees need to be planted nearby.

Regions of growth

The group of varieties belonging to Renclods is widespread in regions with very different climates. They are found in sunny Greece, Italy, Spain, they also grow in central Russia, and frost-resistant varieties grow in Siberia and the Urals. Although Renclod is heat-loving, our gardeners actively grow it - dozens of varieties of this group are zoned in Russia.

The climate of the south of Russia is most suitable for green crops - varieties of this group are most often found here. Renclod is not recommended to be grown in areas with winter temperatures below minus 25 degrees.

Landing rules

Before you start planting, you need to try to purchase a healthy seedling. When choosing young plants, the following factors must be considered:

• There are two types of seedlings - grafted and rooted; the latter option has a significant advantage, since recovery occurs faster after freezing;
• optimal age - 2 years;
• they should have 3-4 side branches and 3-5 strong roots, each 25 cm long;
• seedlings brought from the southern regions are unlikely to take root in the north.

Planting is done in the spring from March to April, until the buds open.
It is not recommended to plant seedlings in the fall, as severe cold may occur. When planting several plants, it is necessary to make gaps between the holes of 2-3 m. Progress of work:

1. At the initial stage, you need to dig a hole - this is done 12–14 days before planting, by which time the soil will have settled. The hole is made measuring 60x80 cm (depth and width). When digging a hole, you need to divide the soil: the top layer in one direction (it is fertile), and the bottom layer in the other.
2. Then fill the hole with fertilizer from humus (15 kg), fertile soil, superphosphate (100 g) and potassium salt (60 g).
3. You need to drive a peg into the center of the hole; it will serve as a support.
4. Water the soil generously.
5. Make a mound of soil around the support.
6. Before planting, you need to inspect the roots of the seedling and cut off any damaged ones.
7. Place the tree on the mound and tie it to a support; the roots must be spread over the entire area.
8. Cover the seedling with the top layer of soil, compact it, and water it.
9. Mulch the soil around the seedling - this is necessary to prevent moisture evaporation.

Video: planting a plum seedling

• Not suitable as pollinators:
• Chinese plum;
• common and hybrid cherry plum;
• blackthorn.

If there are no other options, it is better to use artificial pollen. 12 months after planting, it is necessary to pick off the inflorescences from the plum - this procedure is carried out in order to obtain a bountiful harvest the next season. And for young, fragile branches that are damaged under the weight of the fruit, supports are needed; they preserve the plant and its shape.

Important! The root collar after planting should be 3–5 cm above the ground level.

Features of planting care

Caring for the greenberry plum consists of timely application of fertilizer, watering, as well as pruning dry and weak shoots and covering for the winter.

Soil care

Necessary soil care is as follows:

1. Watering . It is necessary to water 5-6 times a season; for this purpose, settled water at room temperature is used. One tree consumes 40–80 liters of water.
2. Loosening and removing weeds . The tree trunk circle must be regularly cleared of weeds and the soil loosened to a depth of 6–8 cm. This is necessary so that the soil absorbs moisture more easily.
3. Mulching . Used to insulate the root system and retain moisture. In addition, this simplifies soil maintenance, since it does not allow weeds to germinate, and also reduces the need for loosening.

Mulch can be varied:

Feeding

In the first year after planting, there is no need to apply fertilizer, but after some time there will be a need to feed the plum with nutrients. Fertilizer is applied in several periods.

Before the formation of inflorescences, the fertilizer composition consists of:

• potassium salt - 40 g;
• mineral fertilizers - 325 g;

After application, the plant is watered. During the growing season, plantings are fertilized with a solution of 10 g of urea in 5 liters of water. The ingredients are mixed, then the plant is watered with them.

After flowering, the following ingredients are mixed and added to the soil:

• mullein solution 0.3% - 10 l;
• superphosphate - 50 g.

During the period of fruit ripening, it is necessary to water the trunk circle with the following mixture:

• urea - 80 g;
• nitrophoska - 180 g;
• water - 20 l.

Video: fertilizing plums

In the fall, before preparing the plum tree for winter, the soil around it is fertilized with the following solution:

• manure - 15 kg;
• superphosphate - 150 g;
• mineral fertilizer - 50 g.

Trimming

Pruning is best done in early spring, before the first leaves appear, or in summer.

Important! After trimming the crown, the cut areas must be treated with garden varnish.

It should be carried out during the following periods:

1. First year . Form a crown. Cut 10 skeletal branches at the same distance at an angle of 45° from the trunk.
2. Second year . Growths are removed up to a size of 25 cm.
3. Third year . The shoots on the branches are trimmed to a length of 30 cm.
4. Fourth year . Since the main crown already has the required shape, it is enough to carry out sanitary pruning. To do this, cut off dried, damaged branches. It is important to remove excess shoots in time so that the crown is not dense, otherwise the plant will suffer from a lack of sunlight.

Video: plum pruning

Preparing for winter

Fruit trees do not tolerate frost and cold weather well. In order for plantings to survive the winter period of the year, it is necessary to additionally prepare them for this. Shelters are created for young plants. The materials for them can be:

• hay;
• spruce branches;
• sackcloth.

To protect against parasites and rodents, it is necessary to bleach the trunk with slaked lime. To overwinter adult trees, they are sprinkled with sawdust and humus. So, you have learned about a variety of plum that is promising for gardening. Now you can choose the most suitable variety of Renclod plum to grow tasty and juicy fruits. The rules for watering and fertilizing the soil will tell you how to keep the tree healthy and increase its productivity.

Reproduction methods

The easiest way to propagate is by seedlings. You can also grow Renklod by seeds, cuttings and root suckers.

Seminal

This method of propagating plums is the longest and most labor-intensive. The seeds are collected from the largest fruits, then washed and placed in the refrigerator or basement. They must undergo stratification. In spring, the seeds are planted in the ground. When the seedlings grow a little, they can be planted in open ground. By winter, the seedlings are covered to prevent them from freezing. You can grow plums this way for several years before the tree begins to bloom.

Vaccination

Another method of propagation is grafting. Vaccination is carried out in the spring. Cuttings for the procedure are prepared in the fall. They are stored in the basement until spring.

In spring, a cut is made on the rootstock with a sharp knife. The lower part of the cutting is cut off obliquely. All lower branches of the rootstock are cut off. The scion is inserted into the cut on the rootstock and secured with an elastic band. If there are open areas, they are lubricated with garden varnish to prevent infection.

Root shoots and cuttings

The root shoots are pruned from the most productive varieties. The main thing is that the shoots do not grow near the tree; they will bear fruit poorly. The shoots are dug up and cut at a distance of 15 cm from the tree. The cut areas are lubricated with garden varnish. Root shoots are planted in the same way as a seedling.

Another method is cuttings. It is best to use green cuttings. They are cut in cloudy weather. A favorable time for harvesting is July, when the lower part of the cutting begins to turn red. The cuttings are cut 20-30 cm long. The lower part of the cutting is cut off at an acute angle, the upper cut is even. There should be 3-4 leaves on the cuttings. The prepared cuttings are immersed in a growth activator for 16 hours.

The cuttings are planted in the ground, not deeply buried, and covered with film. It is removed regularly to water the soil and wipe condensation from the film. By autumn, the bed with cuttings is mulched.