Varietal characteristics
The Siberian early ripening variety is characterized by a determinant type of growth. The bushes are stocky, depending on the growing conditions, the height varies from 50 to 70 cm. During the growing season, 3-4 compact inflorescences are formed on the plant. In each inflorescence, under favorable conditions, up to 7 ovaries are formed.
Tomato fruits are medium-sized, smooth, round in shape, with an average weight of 100 grams. The tomato pulp is dense and has a rich tomato flavor. The average yield with good care is about 7 kg of tomatoes per m². Due to the high dry matter content, the fruits are well suited for processing into tomato products.
Appearance of tomatoes
The shape of the Siberian early ripening fruits is a classic tomato, their color is textbook. These are bright red round tomatoes, the way most people imagine them from early childhood.
Classic shape, red color - nothing unusual, a real early tomato
The bushes of this variety cannot be considered strong; they have to be tied up, so the tomatoes on the bushes do not look as elegant as those of some modern determinate varieties: they do not resemble a Christmas tree, but this is exactly what most old varieties look like.
The bushes contain fruits of varying degrees of ripening at the same time, but they do not look very festive
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
Like any other tomato, Siberian early ripening has its advantages and disadvantages. Among the advantages it should be noted:
- high productivity;
- early, friendly maturation;
- high disease resistance;
- resistance to temperature changes.
According to reviews from vegetable growers, the Siberian early ripening tomato has no significant drawbacks. The only thing worth noting is the mediocre taste of the fruit.
History of selection
The variety was developed as a result of crossing two hybrids. The resulting offspring underwent individual selection, after which the seeds were put on sale. Despite the venerable age of the cultivar, summer residents still grow it, which indicates its reliability and demand. Siberian early ripening is a variety, not a hybrid, so every vegetable grower can collect seeds from it independently.
Sowing technique
Tomato is cultivated through seedlings. Sowing of seeds begins 50-60 days before the expected date of planting in the ground. For most Russian regions, these are the last days of March.
Advice! To speed up and improve germination, seeds can be soaked in a solution of growth stimulants before sowing. For example, you can use the well-known “Epin”.
The seeds, swollen after soaking, are sown to a depth of 0.5 cm. A loose, nutritious soil mixture is used as seed soil. It is made up of equal parts:
- turf land,
- humus,
- clean river sand.
To sow tomatoes, you can use a ready-made universal peat-based substrate for growing seedlings.
An early and productive “veteran”
Well-leafed tomato bushes grow up to half a meter, in a greenhouse they reach 70-80 cm. The determinate variety begins to bear fruit in 90-100 days, but the timing differs, as it depends on agricultural technology and the climate of the area. Color appears after 5-6 leaves, 5-7 fruits in the cluster.
Tomatoes are round, slightly flattened, with smooth and dense red skin. Some fruits have ribbing, but this does not spoil their appearance. Weight – from 70 to 110 grams, the fruits are even. Siberian early ripening has a taste characteristic of early tomatoes - sweet-sour, pleasant. There is an aroma, and gardeners note that it is precisely because of this aroma and taste that they prefer the Siberian variety.
Seeds from various manufacturers are available for sale:
- Aelita;
- Plasma Seeds;
- Siberian Garden;
- SeDek.
Summer residents value early-ripening tomatoes for their versatility in using fruits. They are tasty fresh, suitable for lecho, pickling, and canning. In preparations, whole fruits retain their shape and do not crack.
Tomatoes are perfectly preserved for up to a month and do not lose their presentation and taste during transportation.
Growing seedlings - fertilizing, picking
After the emergence of seedlings, the seed container is placed in a well-lit place with a temperature of +20-22°. Seedlings are watered as the substrate dries. After 10 days from the emergence of seedlings, the seedlings are fed with nitrogen fertilizer. For example, you can use urea.
As soon as the seedlings develop 2 true leaves, begin picking. To do this, prepare separate cups with a volume of about half a liter. Before picking, water the seedlings well. Before planting in a cup, pinch the central root of each seedling.
Further care of tomato seedlings consists of timely watering and periodic application of fertilizers. For fertilizing, complex compositions for growing seedlings are used.
As soon as the average daily temperature reaches +15°, the plants are planted in the ground. 2 weeks before planting, the seedlings begin to harden - they are taken out to a cool balcony, veranda or outside on warm days for a day. You should not immediately expose tomatoes to the sun for a long time.
Features of cultivation and storage
The variety was bred in 1955 and included in the register in 1959. Originator: Federal Scientific and Technical Center (Moscow region).
Tomato is recommended for growing in the following regions:
- Northern,
- Northwest,
- Central,
- Volgo-Vyatsky,
- Middle Volga,
- Ural,
- Western Siberia,
- Eastern Siberia,
- Far East.
The variety is zoned in a number of regions of Altai and Siberia, where it consistently produces good yields when grown in rainfed conditions. The bushes are cultivated in the open air, without pinching or tying up.
Landing on the street
To plant tomatoes, you need to choose an open, sunny place. Even slight shading will significantly reduce the yield. Light, quickly warming soils are best suited for growing tomatoes. On clay soils with close groundwater, the crop suffers from late blight.
Attention! Tomato plantings should not be placed after peppers, eggplants, and potatoes. These crops share common diseases and pests that remain in the soil.
Seedlings of this tomato are planted at the rate of 3-4 plants per square meter. The optimal distance between rows is 40-50 cm. Dense planting impairs ventilation, resulting in an increased risk of developing fungal diseases. Before planting, mineral fertilizers and humus are added to the soil.
Immediately after planting, the plants are watered abundantly, then covered with non-woven covering material, which protects the seedlings from sunburn and significantly speeds up the adaptation process. As soon as the tomatoes begin to grow, the cover is removed.
Agricultural technology
The variety is grown only through seedlings. Sowing is carried out on March 15 - 25. Planting seedlings in a permanent place - May 15 - 25, when the threat of return frosts has passed. The placement density is 4 - 5 bushes per 1 square meter. Watering is carried out as needed, making sure that the soil does not become waterlogged. Fertilizers are applied alternating organic matter and mineral fertilizers. You should not get carried away with nitrogen complexes. Cleanliness in the garden will eliminate pest invasion, and timely loosening will provide the roots with oxygen. In a greenhouse, the plant can be tied to a support.
Siberian early ripening is a reliable tomato for regions with short and cool summers. Good, and most importantly, stable yield, good taste, disease resistance and fruiting that continues until the coldest weather - these advantages have made the variety popular. Moreover, you can collect seeds from the most beautiful tomatoes yourself.
Care
Tomato care includes:
- timely watering,
- loosening the soil,
- applying fertilizers.
Mulching
It is recommended to mulch the soil under the bushes with a layer of last year’s sawdust and leaves. Water the mulch on top with a urea solution. This technique allows you to reduce the number of watering, loosening and weeding. The mulch layer promotes a more uniform distribution of heat and nutrients.
Feeding
During the period of intensive growth of vegetative mass, the first fertilizing is carried out. Use a fermented solution of mullein or chicken manure. In the absence of organic matter, urea is used.
2 weeks after the first feeding, phosphorus-potassium fertilizers are applied, for example, potassium monophosphate. On average, 0.5 liters of the prepared solution is poured under each bush.
Attention! When choosing fertilizers for tomatoes, you should avoid chlorine-containing mixtures.
In the absence of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, you can use ordinary wood ash. It is diluted at the rate of 1 glass per 10 liters of water.
Possible growing problems
Under normal conditions, tomato plants self-pollinate well. But in the summer heat, the pollen becomes stickier. In such cases, to improve pollination, it is recommended to shake the tomato bushes slightly. This will help significantly improve fruit set.
In cool, rainy summers, the risk of developing late blight increases sharply. The spread of the disease begins from the lower tier of leaves. Poor ventilation and high humidity levels contribute to the development of the disease. To stop the further spread of late blight, plants are treated with a solution of copper-containing fungicide. For example, you can use Bordeaux mixture. After 10 days, the treatment must be repeated.
Description
Based on the type of development and growth, the tomato variety is classified as determinant. This is the name for types of tomatoes that do not grow constantly, but at a certain point stop growing. The above-ground part of the plant no longer develops, so the height of the bush remains at 40-80 cm, which makes it possible to grow tomatoes even in greenhouses with a low roof. Reviews from gardeners about the characteristics of Siberian early ripening tomatoes grown in different soils are slightly different. In greenhouses, the first inflorescences on the bush are formed above 9-10 leaves, and the subsequent ones - after 1-2 leaves.
The height of the stem of an adult plant ranges from 53 to 95 cm. One bush ripens 1.2 kg of tomatoes per 1 sq. m. per meter of area you can collect up to 10 kg of fruit.
In open ground the indicators change slightly. The formation of the first inflorescence occurs earlier - above 6-8 leaves, the rest are formed after 1-2 leaves. The height of the main stem is lower than that of plants growing in a greenhouse - from 30 to 50 cm. 600 grams of tomatoes are harvested from one bush, 7 kg from 1 square meter. Reviews from summer residents about the productivity of the Siberian early ripening tomato are confirmed by photographs of the plants at the time of fruiting.
The list of main characteristics and description of the Siberian early ripening tomato variety should start with the appearance of the plant.
Tomato bushes are low and do not require staking or shaping. Strong foliage of the stems is another distinctive characteristic of the variety. The leaves of the plant are green in color and medium in size. This variety of tomatoes does not form a standard.
According to the ripening period, it belongs to early ripening tomatoes. Tomatoes can be harvested 120 -130 days after the first shoots appear.
The fruits are round, slightly ribbed and large. The weight of one tomato reaches 110 grams.
They have a pleasant aroma and are a universal tomato. Tomatoes are very tasty, great for preparing salads and hot dishes, as well as any kind of preparations. They have a thick skin, so they do not crack when salted, and also withstand transportation well. Reviews about the taste of Siberian early ripening tomatoes are very different. Some gardeners speak very highly of the fruits, while others consider their taste to be ordinary and unremarkable. But this in no way detracts from the advantages of the early ripening variety.
Important parameters are the resistance of the tomato to diseases and pest attacks. The variety has good resistance to TMV (tobacco mosaic virus). The variety has average resistance to other tomato diseases, but is prone to brown spot.
The Siberian early ripening tomato will have an incomplete description if we do not mention the simultaneous yield of the crop, which is very valuable for regions with an unstable climate. Even if there are much more fruits than planned, you don’t have to worry about storage - the juice or tomato sauce they make is wonderful. Therefore, descriptions and reviews of Siberian early ripening tomatoes always contain mention of this quality of the variety.
But if you need to preserve the fruits longer, then they should be placed in boxes in fairly dense rows and the container should be well closed.
Important! The tomatoes should be dry and with their stems facing up.
Compliance with these simple requirements will allow you to preserve your tomato harvest for 2 months.
Among the disadvantages of the Siberian early ripening tomato, according to reviews from summer residents, is the characteristic of not being competitive with modern species. Some consider the variety to be obsolete and prefer to choose new species. But experienced gardeners believe that the main indicators - productivity and resistance to weather changes - cover these minor shortcomings. From one square meter of planting area, the variety produces up to 10 kg of beautiful, smooth tomatoes.
