Hungarian plum: the most common varieties and growing features

Hungarian plum: variety description

Hungarian plum: photo of variety

One of the composition of crops with a number of varieties of characteristics. Most breeders are very pleased with the appearance of this variety. the fruit tolerates diseases and frosts, and also has high taste, and it is from this variety that excellent prunes are obtained.

The Hungarian plum variety is a certain composition of the fruit, which consists of a large number of species. A variety from Asia was released into the European part. It all started in the Balkan region. On Russian soil, culture was studied at the beginning of the twentieth century.

Hungary - discovered the ideal way to harvest. The fruits were picked without tearing them off; the plums fell off on their own when they were ripe. At this time they are wilting. Namely, these fruits have a good taste and can last a long time after harvest.

Hungary is a country of plum trees, and it is their territories that are overgrown with this variety. People who come to church to repent receive a plum tree shrub from the priest. In this country, plum trees grow on all roadsides.

Historical reference

The exact origin of the plum is hidden for centuries. Most likely, there was a crossing of cherry plum and thorn in nature. Scientists were able to determine that they are the parents of the modern plum. This probably happened in the Caucasus. Then the plant spread to Asia and the Mediterranean countries.

Written references to the damson, a natural hybrid of plum and sloe, date back to the 6th century BC.

The Syrians were the first to cultivate this fruit. Even before our era, they learned to make prunes and supplied them to other countries. From Syria the plum came to Greece.

Alexander the Great brought several plum trees from his conquests to the East.

How many centuries later Pompey did the same thing, planted Syrian trees in Rome, they spread throughout Italy. The ancient Romans already knew two varieties of plums - Damascus and Nut.

The plum came to France in the 12th century with the crusaders returning from Damascus. The plant became widespread in the gardens of France and Germany in the 15th century.

In Russia, the plum has been known since the time of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich; he loved exotic vegetables and fruits. The first trees were planted near Moscow in Izmailovo, where there was a royal estate.

Poland discovered plums in the 11th century, and from the 13th century they began to grow varietal trees there.

The plum came to America with the first colonists.

In Japan, the plum flower symbolizes spring, in China - longevity, virginity, and a happy marriage.

Interestingly, in Hungary and the countries of the former Yugoslavia, plum pits are used as firewood.

Since ancient times, plums have been used in medicine. Ancient Greek and Arab doctors used these fruits as a laxative and choleretic agent.

In a Russian medical book from the 17th century there are lines about the medicinal benefits of plums.

Today the plant is cultivated all over the world. More than 2000 varieties are known, a small fraction of which are described in this article.

Hungarian plum: characteristic features of the variety

Plum Hungarian: photo

The plum tree of the Hungarian variety is tall, its size reaches from five to six meters. The crown is rounded, trapezoidal in shape. The branches are brown in color and tall. The crown can also be cut to such an extent that the tree can grow no higher than three or four meters. This variety tolerates winters, but not severe ones; this variety is not grown in the north. It takes a short amount of time to restore a tree after winter.

The Hungarian plum easily tolerates drought and can produce a large amount of harvest, even in dry weather. Culture refers to independent fruiting. It is not necessary to plant crops in the neighborhood. The variety has a wonderful immune system, tolerates diseases, as well as rodents that infect the plant.

High yield. The Hungarian plum variety is a perennial and lives up to thirty years. A tree can develop a large amount of overgrowth, so cut off excess grass and also look at the plants in your neighborhood, they can only increase the growth of overgrowth.

The vegetation blooms late, harvest depends on the variety. It is necessary to place a support so that the branches do not break due to the large weight of the fruit. Make sure that there are ripening plums on the branches; overripe fruits that have not fallen can rot right on the shoots. Thus they will lose their attractiveness.

Of the minuses, we can only say about the slow early ripening of the Vengerka plum. Most species can bear fruit only in the sixth or eighth year after planting. If gardeners rush vegetation for fruiting, but scientists have already succeeded in this and have discovered a variety that produces fruit already in the third or fourth year after planting a Vengerka plum seedling.

By the fruits you can determine whether the tree is affected by pests, diseases or not; if the fruit has become much larger, then it is worth carrying out preventive work on your tree.

Hungarian plums: pollinating varieties

Even in this case, you can plant neighboring plants nearby for pollination. Neighboring crops should bloom together with Hungarian. In most cases, garden plums are planted. It is forbidden to grow bushes with berry crops; they interfere with the development of the Vengerka plum seedling.

Description of the varietal group

There is no exact information about the origin of the plum. It is believed that it appeared as a hybrid as a result of cross-pollination of cherry plum and blackthorn in the Caucasus. According to other sources, its homeland is Asia. It is unknown who developed the Hungarian plum variety, but it got its name due to the fact that it was brought to Russia from Hungary in 1900.

Initially it was grown on the Black Sea coast. It was a Hungarian-Italian woman. The variety is heat-loving, not frost-resistant, and loves high air and soil humidity. But it has the most delicious and sweet fruits.

Over time, many varieties were developed that were adapted to frost and drought, but did not lose quality and retained the ability to make prunes from them. Now it is grown everywhere - from the shores of the Black Sea to the Leningrad region. Each region has its own zoned variety.

Characteristics of the acne group plum:

• The trees are mostly medium-sized, 3–4.5 meters high. The crown is pointed upward or oval. The shoots are reddish-brown, often located;
• self-fertile, but there are also partially self-fertile varieties;
• productivity is high;
• It bears fruit for the first time 6–8 years after planting in a permanent place. There are modern hybrids, the first harvest from which can be harvested after 3 or 4 years;
• The ripening period of fruits depends on the variety: for mid-ripening varieties, the harvest is harvested at the end of August, for late varieties - until the end of September.
• drought-resistant;
• The lifespan of a tree is 25 - 30 years.

Description of fruits:

• the fruits are large, up to 6 cm in length, 4–5 cm in diameter. They have the shape of an elongated ellipse, or ovoid;
• plums are asymmetrical, one part is convex, the other is flattened and smaller;
• the side seam is clearly visible;
• dark-colored fruits - blue, lilac, violet.
• covered with a waxy coating of a bluish or smoky shade;
• the seed is easily separated, the fruit itself is effortlessly divided into two parts;
• The flesh is elastic and dense. The color depends on the variety;
• sugar content 13 – 15%;
• calorie content 42 kcal per 100 g.

It is better to collect plums after natural shedding, or when the fruit itself remains in the hand when touched. Then they are more aromatic and tasty.

Collected Hungarian fruits

What varieties does the Hungarian plum variety have?

There are two types of Hungarian plum variety:

• Canteens are popular in dacha gardens; the taste is at a high level.
• Technical - grown for commercial purposes. They produce a large harvest and are not squeamish.

Plum Hungarian Korneevskaya

Plum variety Vengerka Korneevskaya: photo

The Hungarian Korneevskaya plum bears fruit on its own; the discovery took place in Russia; it is named after the scientist who developed this variety. To increase the yield, it is necessary to plant neighboring crops nearby. The tree reaches a height of about four meters, the crown is trapezoid-shaped and wide. Usually about thirty kilograms are collected. The tree can bear fruit already in the fourth year after planting. Lives for about fifteen years. The fruits are harvested in late summer or early autumn.

Vengerka Korneevskaya plums are bluish in color, with a brown tint. The contents inside are tender, soft, juicy. Light yellow color. Medium size bone. The weight of the fruit is from thirty to thirty-five grams. Shoots that bear fruit need to be looked after. These fruits can be used fresh or boiled. Resistant to transportation.

They tolerate the winter season, the trunk has a strong, wide bark, this allows the tree to easily endure frosts. A small number of buds of the Vengerka Korneevskaya plum can be damaged by severe frosts. Not all diseases are tolerable.

Plum Hungarian Pulkovskaya

Hungarian plum Pulkovskaya: photo of the variety

The plum variety Vengerka Pulkovskaya ripens late and can bear fruit, but not in large quantities. The size of the tree reaches from three to four meters, the crown is trapezoidal and wide. Fruiting appears in the third year after planting. One tree can produce up to twenty-five kilograms. Ripening occurs late, not all fruits ripen at once, harvesting occurs according to the stages of maturity, in early autumn. The tree can live from twenty to twenty-five years.

The fruit is small, uneven, weighing from twenty to twenty-five grams. The peel is dark reddish in color, the contents inside are yellow. The Hungarian Pulkovskaya plum tolerates frosts calmly. Plums can hang for a long time without falling. The crop also carries pests, such as aphids. The only downside that can be noted is that there are cracks on the fruit due to the large amount of precipitation. Also, the plum variety Vengerka Pulkovskaya needs to prepare the soil so that it is saturated.

Plum Vengerka Voronezhskaya

Hungarian Voronezh plum: photo of variety

The Hungarian Voronezh plum bears fruit on its own, ripens late, and is grown in the southern territories. The size of the tree reaches from three to three and a half meters. The crown is rounded, the branches are directed upward. Any plum crop can be planted in the neighborhood for pollination, for example, Peach, Zyuzinskaya, Michurinskaya and the like.

From one Vengerka Voronezh plum tree you can harvest about thirty kilograms. Fruit weight is from forty grams. curved, elongated shape. The peel is dark purple in color, with a reddish tint. The contents inside are greenish olive in color and have a high level of taste. Used fresh, as well as boiled.

Advantages - excellent immune system, recovery takes a short amount of time after the winter period.

Disadvantages of the Hungarian Voronezh plum - it does not tolerate the winter period; in the cold summer season, the fruits may not be colored. The fruits are collected in this form and left to ripen.

Plum Hungarian Dubrovskaya

Hungarian plum Dubrovskaya: photo of the variety

The Hungarian Dubrovskaya plum variety can rarely be seen in greenhouses or in summer cottages. The tree is tall, the crowns are large oval. The variety is widespread in the south. It bears fruit five years after planting. The fruits are harvested in early autumn. The weight of the harvest per season reaches about thirty kilograms.

The plums of the Hungarian Dubrovskaya variety themselves are small, dark purple in color, and the peel is covered with a layer of bluish bloom. The weight of the fruit is from twenty-five to thirty kilograms, the taste is sweet, with a hint of sourness. The seeds are difficult to remove from the pulp. The Hungarian Dubrovskaya plum has a well-developed immune system. Carries diseases and pest attacks. Resistant to transportation.

Plum Hungarian Michurinskaya

Plum Hungarian Michurinskaya: photo of the variety

The Hungarian Michurinskaya plum bears fruit on its own. The yield from one tree is twenty-five kilograms. The color of the fruit is dark purple, with a layer of bluish bloom. The contents inside are sweet, greenish in color, juicy. The taste is excellent, a little sour. Small bone. Fruits can hang on the tree for a sufficient amount of time; when ripe, they do not fall off. The attractiveness is not lost.

The plum variety Vengerka Michurinskaya is resistant to the winter season and can withstand transportation. This crop is grown commercially and used in the production of baby food. But the Vengerka Michurinskaya plum has the only drawback, which is not so significant - you need to remove the seeds from the pulp with effort.

Azhan plum Hungarian

Plum Hungarian Azhanskaya: photo of the variety

The culture is known from the territory of France. The tree is tall, measuring from four to four and a half meters. the crown is pressed down. Fruiting appears four or five years after planting. The yield of one tree is about seventy kilograms. Ripening occurs at the end of the summer season. The crop bears fruit on its own, but if you want the yield to increase, you can plant neighboring crops for pollination, for example, the following: Renclod Green, Renclod Altana.

The fruits are large, the peel is dense, the color is dark purple with the addition of a wine tint. The contents inside are loose and green in color. The taste of plum is sweet, with a hint of sourness. Fruit weight is from fifteen to twenty-five grams. Ripe fruits do not fall from the tree, but hang for a long time.

Disadvantages - plums may crack due to cloudy weather. Next, mold and mildew may appear. The insect that attacks this variety is the almond seed beetle. It does not tolerate frost, so it is suitable for cultivation only in the south.

Plums Hungarian Donetskaya

Plum Hungarian Donetskaya: photo of the variety

The Hungarian Donetsk plum bears fruit on its own. It was discovered by scientists from Donetsk. The tree of such a crop is small, reaching up to four hundred and fifty centimeters. It bears fruit four or five years after planting. The yield per season is about thirty kilograms. As we know, the tree is self-fertile, but for greater effect, neighboring crops are planted nearby for greater pollination, for example, the following: Anna Shpet, Italian, Renclod Altana.

Fruit weight can be about thirty grams. The color of the fruit is dark purple, with a hint of brown. There is a thick layer of plaque on the peel. The contents inside are greenish in color and taste sweet with a hint of sourness. The use of the fruit can be varied, fresh, boiled or dried. After harvesting, plums can last up to twenty-one days, and if they are put in a cellar or basement, they can last even longer. For the Hungarian Donetskaya plum variety, it is necessary to prepare the soil. Does not tolerate dryness; loamy soil saturated with nutrients is required. The variety tolerates transportation. The tree bears fruit for about twenty years. There are two types of plum variety Vengerka Donetskaya - early ripening and late ripening. Their difference is only in the ripening period and taste quality of the fruit.

Plum Hungarian Amazing

Plum Hungarian Amazing: photo of the variety

To grow such a crop, neighboring pollinators are necessary. The tree is tall, reaching about four and a half meters. It begins to bear fruit four or five years after planting. The yield from one tree is from twenty-five to thirty kilograms of fruit.

The fruits are small, oval, dark bluish in color, the contents inside are yellow. There is a small layer of plaque on the peel. Fruit weight is from twenty-five to thirty grams. The seeds are difficult to remove. Carries diseases. It tolerates the cold season, so it can be found in the Ural territories.

Plum Hungarian Bogatyrskaya

Plum Hungarian Bogatyrskaya: photo of the variety

The Hungarian Bogatyrskaya plum is a crop that ripens early, its taste is at a high level. Fruit can be harvested as early as the end of July. The yield of one tree is from eighty to one hundred and twenty kilograms. The tree is small, spreading, about four meters in size. fruiting for about thirty years. The first fruits of the Vengerka Bogatyrskaya plum variety can be seen four or five years after planting.

The fruits of the Vengerka Bogatyrskaya plum are large, sweet with a hint of sourness. Weight from thirty to sixty grams. the peel is dark blue, closer to black, with a layer of gray coating. The contents inside are olive-colored. Used for industrial purposes. Reschedule transportation. Disadvantage - it is difficult to remove the bone.

Plum Hungarian Italian

Hungarian Italian plum: photo of the variety

The Hungarian Italian plum ripens in early autumn. The tree is small in size, the crown is rounded. The yield of one tree is from seventy to eighty kilograms. In order for there to be more fruit, it is necessary to plant neighboring crops for pollination, for example, the following: Altana, Renklod green, Azhanskaya. Fruiting can be observed within four years after planting.

The weight of the Hungarian Italian plum variety is from thirty to thirty-five grams. the peel is dark blue, there is a layer of white coating. The contents inside are greenish and yellow in color, the flesh closer to the seeds is denser. There is almost no smell. Carries many diseases and pests. Not resistant to dry soil. The Hungarian Italian plum is grown only in the south. Not resistant to the cold season.

Common Hungarian plum

Common Hungarian plum: photo of the variety

The common Hungarian plum is a well-known crop. The tree is tall, about six meters in size. crown in the form of a trapezoid, branches growing to the sides. It bears fruit for about thirty years. The yield from one common Hungarian plum tree is from one hundred and fifty to one hundred and eighty kilograms. The crop produces fruit on its own, but you can plant neighboring crops for pollination to increase the amount of harvest.

The fruits are medium, weighing about twenty grams. the peel is dark purple, almost black. The contents inside are sweet, but with a hint of sourness. The common Hungarian plum variety needs to be watered. Carries diseases. Resistant to transportation, after harvesting it can last another twenty-five days. They are grown only in the south or in temperate climates; in the north there is no option for planting the common Hungarian plum.

Plum Hungarian Belorussian

Hungarian Belorusskaya plum: photo of the variety

The fruits of the Hungarian Belorusskaya plum variety are large. The tree is small in size, reaching up to three and a half meters. The crown of the tree is lush, but small in density. The fruits appear three or four years after planting. Fruiting is average. Ripening occurs in early autumn. The harvest from one tree is thirty kilograms.

The fruit is oval-shaped, elongated, weighing up to forty grams. the peel is dark purple. The contents inside are yellowish in color and taste sweet with a hint of sourness. The Vengerka Belorusskaya plum variety is resistant to the cold season and also tolerates diseases and pest attacks. Annual harvest. After harvesting, the fruits remain for quite some time. The Vengerka Belorusskaya also tolerates transportation of plums well.

Plum Hungarian Moscow

Hungarian Moscow plum: photo of the variety

Fruiting of the Hungarian Moscow plum is independent. The culture was discovered in nineteen fifty-five; the size of the tree is from three to three and a half meters. The crown is rounded and wide. Fruiting begins seven or eight years after planting. The harvest from one tree is forty kilograms. The fruits of the Hungarian Moscow plum ripen in early autumn.

The fruits are smooth, dark purple in color, weighing from twenty to thirty grams. The fruit is elongated. The contents inside are greenish in color. The bones are easily pulled out. But the taste of the fruits is not quite sweet, and not as large as those of the newly introduced crops. The Hungarian Moscow plum variety is used both fresh, boiled or dried.

Other characteristics of the Hungarian Moscow

This ancient variety is well known in our country; it has a huge number of fans for its many advantages, which we will talk about below.

• Flowering usually occurs by the end of May and beginning of June, but fruit ripening can be expected in the second half of September.
• Plums ripen at the same time, and even if they are picked somewhat unripe, they will sit perfectly, becoming soft and juicy, as if they were plucked straight from the tree. This variety bears fruit annually and quite abundantly; on average, from 30 to 40 kg of fruit is collected from one mature tree.
• In terms of its winter hardiness, it can be rated 3 plus; freezing is possible in severe frosty winters, but it recovers very quickly and reproduces with new fresh shoots.
• Resistance to diseases and fungal infections is also average; it requires mandatory spraying with insecticidal preparations in spring and autumn.
• It pollinates well on its own and pollinates other plum trees, it goes well with Red Skorospelka, the varieties complement each other perfectly.
• One of the main qualities of the Moscow Hungarian is its high degree of self-fertility.
• Even if there is a lot of precipitation in the summer, the fruits of Vengerka do not crack, maintaining their presentation and density of structure - this is another distinctive feature of the variety.

Plums have good immunity against diseases, their harvest depends little on weather conditions, they can tolerate frost down to -20 degrees and pollinate themselves. Are there not enough advantages over other fruit plants of this species to make you not want to plant it on your site? Hungarian Moscow is what you need for planting in a risky farming area; it does not require special care and has a non-capricious character.

Elena Sergeevna, 65 years old, an experienced summer resident: “I want to tell you about my plum tree, which has been growing at my summer house for more than 20 years. The name is "Hungarian Moscow". I am very pleased with my tree, as I get 25 - 30 kg of beautiful fruits from it every year. What I don’t make: compotes, preserves, marmalade, and I can’t even count how much I give to my neighbors.

Hungarian plums, along with Renclods, Mirabels and Egg plums, are deservedly popular among gardeners. Hungarians unite a whole group of varieties. They differ from other varieties in the sugar content (up to 15%) and density (dry matter in such plums is more than 20%) of the fruit. Therefore, they are widely used in cooking and fresh.

Hungarian fruits have a clear continuous longitudinal seam. For the most part, all varieties are self-fertile, with stable annual yields. Hungarian varieties have different ripening periods, fruit size, and winter hardiness. The most typical are: Moscow, Italian, Korneevskaya, Pulkovo, Belarusian, Voronezh.

Hungarian Moscow

Hungarian Moscow

The origin is associated with random pollination of the Hungarian Domestic. Well zoned for central regions. Mostly medium-sized (up to three meters) tree. The branches are often drooping and form a dense, rounded crown. Self-fertile. It is necessary to wait quite a long time for mass fruiting - 8 years.

Description of fruits:

• weight – up to 20g;
• the shape is irregular, obovate, the fruits are often asymmetrical;
• color: bright, changing shades of red, blue and purple;
• dense, continuous coating;
• the pulp is rough, amber in color;
• taste: the least sugary of all Hungarians; due to its pronounced sourness, it is almost never used fresh.

Interesting to know: Hungarian Moscow allows you to collect 20-35 kg of fruit per season.

A hybrid from the north of the Apennines became widespread in the mid-twentieth century. In the southern regions it occupies up to 30% of all plum plantings. In colder northern conditions it loses yield. It is demanding of moisture - the ovary falls off due to drought.

The stem reaches 4 meters in height. Forms a rounded spreading crown. Branches are often drooping. It bears fruit from the age of four. It gives good results without pollinators, but with the Hungarian Domestic and Azhanskaya, Greenland and Altana fruiting becomes widespread. The harvest is harvested from late August to mid-September. Doesn't freeze.

We invite you to familiarize yourself with apple tree varieties for the Tver region description

Hungarian plum: planting varieties

It is worth planting the Hungarian plum in good weather; in the south, for example, it is planted in mid-autumn. In the middle zone in mid-spring. Do not forget that the soil for the crop must be ready at the time of planting.

How to choose the right place to land?

In order for the Hungarian Plum to quickly take root, you need to know some criteria when planting:

• Light - a large amount of light is needed, as well as heat. The place should be open under the sun; you can plant a Vengerka plum seedling in the south or southwest of the site. Do not plant in lowlands or in places where there are strong gusts of wind.
• ideal soil If the soil is weak, it is fed with nutrients. There should be no groundwater in the pit; it should be at a distance of at least one hundred and fifty centimeters.
• Moisture - when a large amount of moisture accumulates, the neck of the roots begins to rot. Thus, it cannot be planted below. There is dampness, fog, accumulation of water after rains, snow accumulation in winter.
• Neighboring crops - recommends planting crops at a distance of about three meters from neighboring crops.

Choosing the right soil

The ideal soil is gerbil or loam. This variety will not develop in acidic soils. But if you have no other option, then you can add about six hundred grams of wood ash to the soil, and you can also use dolomite flour. Also, the crop does not tolerate drought, so monitor soil moisture. Otherwise, the ovaries may fall off, thus reducing the amount of harvest.

There is no need to fill the planting hole with lime; it can damage the roots of the Vengerka plum seedling. They get rid of acid in the soil long before planting, when they hill up the soil. Lime can be used in quantities of eight hundred grams per square meter.

To quickly adapt, it is necessary to prepare the land in advance. Thus, weeds are removed from the planting site, hilled up and manure is applied to the soil.

A little history

Even in ancient times, plums were among the most exquisite varieties and were served only at royal feasts and in the houses of the nobility. There is a legend that the great conqueror Alexander the Great brought with him from his campaigns not only gold and jewelry, but also small plum tree seedlings.

Unfortunately, exact information about the origin of “Hungarian” has not been preserved, but it is believed that the birthplace of this culture is the Caucasus, where, as a result of pollination of wild thorns and garden cherry plums, the very first plum-type trees were obtained. According to another version, the plum was first cultivated in Asia, from where it came to the countries of the Old World through Turkey and Persia.

On the European continent, plums were mostly grown in the Balkans; they were brought to Tsarist Russia at the very beginning of the last century from Hungary. That is why it got its name - “Hungarian”.

It is noteworthy that in Hungary itself, plums grow literally everywhere - all the old roads and churchyards are planted with this garden crop. By the way, there is another legend that tells that in ancient times, priests handed repentant sinners a shovel and ordered them to plant and grow plums to atone for their sins. And since in those days almost everywhere the land belonged to nobles and only roads remained public, plums were grown there.

Recommendations for choosing a seedling

If you choose the right bushes for planting, you are guaranteed good plum fruiting for many years. At bazaars you can find damaged seedlings that do not take root well. Therefore, you need to buy shrubs in special nurseries and greenhouses.

Selection criteria:

• From one to two years;
• The roots are healthy, not dry;
• The bark is healthy, without herbs;
• The trunk is even and does not split;
• The rootstock is small in size;
• Without injured and dried branches, with healthy roots;
• The first grade is from one hundred and forty centimeters in size, from thirteen millimeters in width;
• The second grade is from one hundred and ten centimeters in size, eleven millimeters in width;
• Branched seedlings measuring from fifty centimeters, width from fourteen millimeters, branch size about twenty centimeters;
• The seedling must be injury-free, healthy, strong, without symptoms of any diseases.

It is recommended to buy shrubs in plastic pots with soaked soil. In this way, the transplant can proceed smoothly and the roots are not injured during this period. The shrub is replanted along with the soil on the roots.

If you bought a shrub that was not planted in a container, then you need to process the roots in a mash, then plant them on a hump, placing the roots so that they do not intertwine, and cover the top with soaked soil.

Hungarian Donetsk early

Photo of plum Hungarian Donetskaya early

Early Hungarian Donetskaya is an early type of plum in the Hungarian variety. Ripening occurs in early August. The crop grows up to 4.5 meters, the crown is massive, with branched branches. The first harvest occurs in the 4-5th year of cultivation. The average yield is 28 kg/tree. The variety is self-fertile, but to increase the number of plums, Hungarian Italian, Altana plum or other similar species are planted nearby.

Fruits, 30 g each. The skin is dark purple, with a brown tint and a pronounced bloom. The taste is sugary, harmonious, with a subtle sourness. The keeping quality is excellent; if, due to weather problems, the fruits have not ripened on the branches, you can remove them only half-ripe; they will ripen on their own during storage. The fruits are transportable.

The main problem of this variety that gardeners often face is its pickiness to soil. This species does not bear fruit on sandy soil.

Hungarian plum: agricultural technology

In autumn or spring, crops are planted the same way. Only when planting in the spring, the hole is prepared in the fall.

Planting sequence:

• The hole for planting is prepared fourteen days before planting.
• It is necessary to dig a hole measuring from sixty to seventy centimeters in diameter, the depth should be from fifty to sixty centimeters.
• In the middle of the hole you need to place a support, sticking it twenty centimeters deep.
• Next, you need to fill the hole with prepared soil, a small layer. In order for the soil to be fertile, it is necessary to add: manure, saltpeter, soil, chlorine and potassium, superphosphate. Soil must be added from the coast to create drainage and warmth in the soil.
• Make a small hump on which to place the seedling, distributing the roots so that they do not get tangled.
• The hole is filled with prepared soil, moistened, and a layer of mulch, such as sawdust or peat, is placed on top.

Care

Caring for the varieties is simple and uniform. The variety needs moisture, cuttings, and other procedures.

Watering

The Hungarian plum loves moisture, but this variety can tolerate drought. There are types of plums that produce crops during severe drought. But under such conditions, culture becomes weaker. Thus, vegetation must be hydrated during drought, even if it survives heat.

Aged Hungarian plums need to be moistened five to six times per season. The average amount of moisture is eight to ten times. Moisten vegetation when:

• Flowering period;
• During the formation of the ovary;
• During fruiting.

As the fruit increases in size, it is worth moisturizing as much as possible, but do not overwater! This will give an excellent harvest for the following years.

Small shrubs that have just been planted are often moistened because their root system has not yet become strong and cannot provide moisture to the vegetation on its own. The amount of moisture depends on the age; for a young bush, three to four buckets of water will be enough.

Nutrition

The Hungarian plum variety requires a sufficient amount of energy to bear fruit. Therefore, it is worth feeding the variety, the yield depends on it.

• During flowering, the variety can be fed with urea;
• During fruiting, you can give nitrophosk;
• After ripening, they are fed with potassium sulfate, also with superphosphate;
• At the end of the growing season, feed with compost.

Preventive procedures

It is worth caring for the Hungarian plum variety throughout the season:

• Mowing overgrowth;
• Hilling up, when you mulch around the tree with your hand, you don’t have to hill up the soil;
• Installing supports for branches that are under the weight of the fruit;
• Whitewashing - the lower part of the trunk, as well as the lower branches.

In the spring, until the buds open, the tree must be treated with urea, this will help in the fight against diseases and insects that attack the tree. Next, the tree is disinfected against insects that feed on the tree; you can use preparations such as: “Akarin”, “Fitoverm”, “Iskra-bio”. Then there is an increase in immunity with the help of Zircon or Ecoberin. In the autumn, it is worth repeating the procedure using the same means. This will help the plant transition into winter with ease.

Also in the spring, birdhouses are placed for birds; they help protect the tree from insects.

How to care for a Hungarian?

When caring for a plum garden, the following activities are carried out:

• regular watering. Even drought-resistant varieties respond to watering by increasing their yield. Watering is important during flowering and during the period when the fruits are gaining mass;
• feeding In the spring, before flowering, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are added. In the fall, after harvesting, the fertilizers are the same, excluding nitrogen;
• constant removal of growth;
• weeding and loosening. If the tree trunk circle is mulched, then this is not necessary;
• installing supports for branches that have a lot of fruit;
• annual regulatory pruning, during which young shoots that thicken the crown, are weak and intertwined are removed;

Hungarian does not tolerate the removal of woody branches. Wounds heal poorly, and a hollow may form in their place.

In order for a plum tree to produce a bountiful harvest, it needs to be properly cared for. It must be comprehensive.

Watering and fertilizing

Plum is a moisture-loving plant. At the same time, one of the key advantages of the crop is resistance to dry weather. There are varieties that can withstand even extreme heat. However, such conditions are considered extreme and negatively affect the state of the culture.

Therefore, experts advise watering the plant in a timely manner. For normal development, an adult crop needs 5-6 waterings per season. At the same time, it is worth observing the norm - 8-10 buckets of water. Watering must be carried out during the following periods:

• during flowering;
• during the formation of ovaries;
• during fruit growth.

Timely application of fertilizers is also important. After planting, the soil is fed with minerals. If the soil is fertile, the amount of fertilizer should be reduced.

With the rapid development of seedlings, the amount of fertilizer should be reduced. To get a harvest for 3-4 years, the use of nitrogen fertilizers is gradually completed.

Trimming

To form the correct crown and prevent diseases, it is recommended to prune the plant every year. Hungarian produces a bountiful harvest. Therefore, it is worth leaving only the most stable branches that form a right angle with the trunk. It is recommended to give the Hungarian crown a sparsely tiered shape.

During the procedure, it is important to remove the growth. It is also worth getting rid of frozen shoots and branches directed into the depths of the crown. It is recommended to prune the tree in early spring. In this case, the temperature should be stable and not fall below -10 degrees. Before the onset of cold weather, pruning is not carried out.

Hungarian is resistant to diseases and harmful insects. In poor conditions there is a risk of developing rust, clasterosporiasis, moniliosis, and coccomycosis. To treat fungal pathologies, preparations containing copper are used. Bordeaux mixture works well. Its concentration should be 1%.

For preventive purposes, in the spring the tree is treated with a solution of Bordeaux mixture. Its concentration should be 3%. The procedure is performed until the buds open. Plum often faces attacks from pests such as codling moth, sawfly, and shoot moth. Insecticides help control insects. Harvesting is permissible only 1 month after the procedure.

Preparing for winter

Most plum varieties tolerate frost easily. Mature trees do not require additional insulation. At the same time, gardeners recommend placing mulch in the tree trunk circle. For this, peat or humus is used.

Young plants will require better insulation. To do this, the trunks should be wrapped in burlap or covered with spruce branches. The use of artificial materials is not recommended. The trees will begin to rot, which will cause the trunk to rot.

Hungarian plum: preparing for wintering

A number of plum crops are resistant to the cold season, but for such areas they were hybridized. Older trees are resistant to the cold season; they don’t even need to be insulated. You can only mulch the circle around the tree, for example, with manure or peat. Young trees should be insulated. They need to be covered with agrofibre. You can also simply wrap the trunk. No films should be used; the seedling will mate and fester.

To combat pests, it is necessary to cover it with durable fiber, through which rodents will not crawl to the tree. It is important that oxygen passes through it. Some gardeners use metal mesh.

Propagation of Hungarian plum

Hungarian is propagated in several ways:

• seeds (seeds). Before planting in the ground, the seeds must undergo stratification in the refrigerator from September to March. In March they are planted in the ground, in the fall for schooling. After a year, the seedling is ready for planting in a permanent place;
• vegetatively. Cuttings and shoots are suitable for vegetative propagation. Rooting a shoot with a small root is the most effective way. Planted immediately in a permanent place.
• Experienced gardeners propagate plums by grafting, but this is a more labor-intensive process.

Hungarian plum: protection from diseases and pests

The immune system of the Hungarian plum variety is excellent. But some diseases and insects can harm vegetation. Therefore, it is worth treating the vegetation with special means.

Culture diseases:

• Hole spot - symptoms: a large number of brown spots on the foliage. The branches become dry and the fruits spoil. Moisten the soil and remove weeds. Spray with Bordeaux preparation.
• Black nodularity - symptoms: swelling appears on the branches, followed by dryness and death of the branches. To combat, treat with Bordeaux preparation. Cut off diseased parts of the tree and burn them. Lubricate the cut area with copper sulfate.
• Rust - symptoms: yellow spots on the foliage, then the foliage dries and falls. Remove weeds and hill up the soil. Treat with Bordeaux preparation.

Insects that attack the Vengerka plum:

• Codling moth - it is necessary to treat the tree with insecticides, also remove weeds and hill up. Burn the affected parts of the tree.
• Gypsy moth - it is necessary to collect all the caterpillars from the tree and disinfect the vegetation with insecticides. It is also necessary to remove the branches and process the trunk.

Variety selection

The variety “Vengerka Korneevskaya” is a hybrid of the varieties “Bogatyrskaya” and “Volgogradskaya”, it was bred by employees of the Nizhnevolzhsky Research Institute of Agriculture L.N. Zhukov and R.V. Korneev.

For planting, it is better to choose a one- or two-year-old plant; it will easily tolerate transplantation, the root system of a young seedling is developed in proportion to the crown and the plant quickly takes root in a new place.

You can plant a plum in spring and autumn; a tree planted in spring has time to take root, grow shoots, and prepare for winter; autumn planting does not guarantee successful rooting, and therefore wintering.

It’s better not to risk it, bury the seedlings by placing the roots in shallow trenches, and leave the trunk and crown above the soil surface at an angle of 45 degrees.

In spring, young plants are transferred to a permanent place.

Choosing a place to plant a plum is a responsible matter; the health of the tree, yield and quality of the fruit depend on whether the plum is in the right place.

In the event that flooding is possible, it is necessary to install drainage ditches, and planting holes should be dug on ridges or hills.

To build a ridge or hill, you will need large debris for the base, smaller ones for the middle part and fertile soil for the top. The hill or ridge must be at least 50 centimeters, not narrower than one meter.

The planting hole should not be smaller than 80 centimeters, and its diameter should not be less than 50 by 50 centimeters.

For one planting hole you need a bucket of humus, 2 handfuls of superphosphate, a handful of potassium salts and a shovel of wood ash, for one seedling up to two buckets of water.

Before planting, the roots are carefully inspected, damaged or rotten ones are removed, the soil is constantly compacted, the formation of air pockets must not be allowed - the roots will rot and the plant will die.

The root collar should be 5 centimeters above the soil level; when watering, the soil will settle and the root collar will fall into place.

The seedling is watered abundantly, a stake is driven into the center of the planting hole, but without harm to the seedling, and a young plant is loosely tied to it with twine.

Before fruiting begins, formative and sanitary pruning is carried out, they are replaced by sanitary annual pruning, and are replaced by annual rejuvenating pruning.

The plum variety “Vengarian Korneevskaya” lives up to 20 years.

Fertilizers applied during planting are sufficient for several years; organic matter is not applied more than once every three years; mineral fertilizers can be applied more often if, in your opinion, the seedling is deficient in them.

Foliar feeding has proven itself well. The preparations Ecolist, Adobe, Krestalon, Solubor have proven themselves well; their action is aimed at strengthening the plant’s immunity and improving the quality of the crop.

Hungarian plum: harvesting and storage

Features of the collection:

• We need weather without rain, warm.
• After it has rained, there is no need to run and collect fruits, and you should not do this early in the morning.
• The harvest should be done at a time when the fruits have not yet softened.
• Ripening occurs in turns, so the fruit is harvested two or three times.
• The fruits are taken indoors so that they can ripen there. After seven days, you can safely consume the ripe fruit.
• The fruit is harvested with the fruit stem. Place it in a container and then take it to a cold room.
• It is often not worth touching the fruit, this way you can remove the layer of plaque that serves to protect the plums from the environment.
• The fruits are removed first from the bottom layer of branches, then go up.
• To remove fruit from the top of the head, use ladders or stepladders.
• Do not stand on branches, they may break off.
• Fruits that will be used for commercial purposes should not be shaken off the tree to avoid damaging them.

How to properly store Vengerka plum fruits:

• Fruits that are smooth, without cracks, are put into boxes, in layers, each layer on new paper.
• The containers are placed in a room with a cool temperature from zero to two degrees, humidity about eighty-five percent. In this case, the fruits can last from two to two and a half months.
• You can also put the fruits in bags. In a room at zero degrees they can lie for about two months. Fruits can be used either fresh, boiled or dried. They make preserves, marmalade, compotes, and dried fruits.

Advantages and disadvantages

The Hungarian has many advantages:

• Stability of fruiting;
• High yield;
• Good frost resistance;
• Immunity to diseases and pests;
• Good taste;
• Good transportability;
• Resistant to cracking.

The disadvantages include:

• Brittleness of branches under the weight of fruits:
• Presence of third-party pollinating varieties.

Hungarians are highly valued for their excellent nutritional qualities. They make very good juices, jams, preserves and compotes. And, as already mentioned, they make excellent prunes.

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Hungarian plum: benefits and harm, calorie content of Hungarian plum

By consuming such plums, you can slow down the aging process. Benefits of consuming fruits:

• Effective on the circulatory system;
• Reduces the amount of cholesterol;
• Relieves signs of intestinal cancer;
• Reduces blood pressure;
• Reduces the development of aging.

If the level of acidity in the stomach is high, then consumption of this variety is prohibited, or in moderation. Prunes contain a large amount of sugar, so you should consume three to four prunes.

Composition and calorie content of the Hungarian plum variety:

• Fats from two percent;
• Proteins from eight percent;
• Carbohydrates from ninety percent;
• Potassium and sodium in large quantities;
• Vitamins A, C, E;
• Calories are about forty-two kilocalories per hundred grams.

Landing Features

Planting plums is a very important event, on which the quality and quantity of the harvest depends. It should be treated with special attention and caution, having studied all the advice of experienced gardeners.

Recommended timing

In the spring, there is a chance that the plum will not take root, so planting should be done at the end of summer. Ideal timing is between the third ten days of August and the beginning of September.

Choosing a suitable location

To grow Hungarian plum, it is recommended to choose a sunny place on the top, since a lot of moisture and cold air accumulate in the lowlands. The area should be well heated and protected from drafts. The main features of the soil are looseness, nutritional value and the absence of an acidic environment.

What crops can and cannot be planted nearby?

A suitable pollinator with the same flowering time will be an excellent neighbor for the Hungarian plum. It is not recommended to plant berry bushes next to the tree, as they can interfere with the growth and development of germinating shoots.

Selection and preparation of planting material

When choosing a plum seedling, you should pay attention to its appearance. There should be no symptoms of disease, lichen, or dry leaves or broken branches.

Landing algorithm

Before planting the Hungarian plum variety, you must carefully study the sequence of the process, which consists of several stages:

Plum Vengerka: reviews

Elena Serenko

Our parents from Anapa allocated a Vengerka plum seedling to us. We planted a seedling. At first everything was great. But a cold winter came, the tree froze and died. It's a pity that it can't take root in our area. But the fruits are very tasty. From the Hungarian variety, we planted Voronezhskaya, it is more resistant to frost.

Petr Filatov

I grow only the Moscow plum variety from the Hungarian plum variety. The fruits that grow taste sour, and it is not an option to eat them in this form. But my wife makes jam or preserves, and they turn out very tasty. Our harvest is in early autumn. The variety is resistant to winter; in our region, such a tree is simply a miracle.

Fruit characteristics

The above varieties have an obovate fruit shape. They differ in weight, color and taste.