A work of art from Dutch farmers - the Gioconda potato: description of the variety and reviews

It would seem that you don’t need to be an agronomist to grow potatoes. Moreover, this stocky, unpretentious plant is very responsive to care and labor. However, a lot of work is still required. And in order not to be disappointed in the results of your personal potato growing, you need to know what to plant. Growing varietal rather than ungraded potatoes is by far the most effective way to get a truly impressive harvest of excellent, tasty potatoes. Today MirSovetov will help readers decide on the choice of a good productive potato variety.

What are the differences between potato varieties?

Different varieties of potatoes differ in the appearance of the tubers and the above-ground parts of the plant. Tubers of different varieties have different shapes, colors and tastes. In addition, varieties are characterized by varying resistance to different diseases. And potatoes have a lot of them - about 30 viral, 10 bacterial and more than 50 fungal diseases can affect potato plants. Varieties exhibit their qualities differently in different types of soil. Each variety has its own optimum growth at a certain temperature and humidity. That’s why it’s important to choose the right variety based on your local conditions.

Reviews about the variety

According to the observations of gardeners, potatoes of the "Teterev" variety form fairly even and neat tubers, the number of which in each nest, as a rule, does not exceed 7-8 pieces. The tubers are quite large in size. The variety shows high yield on heavy and poor soils, which is its undeniable advantage.

Potato pulp is of medium boilability, so it is perfect for preparing not only hot dishes, but also a variety of salads, which makes the variety popular among consumers.

How to obtain varietal potatoes

To obtain healthy seed material of varietal potatoes, several years of painstaking work are required. The process looks like this: in the first year, potato plants are grown from seeds obtained as a result of breeding work. They are grown in sterile conditions - in test tubes. Sterility is necessary to obtain guaranteed healthy seed material. This is how the primary seed material – mini-tubers – is obtained. In the second year, tubers of the first reproduction are obtained from mini-tubers under field conditions. In the third year of planting, real seed material of the super-super elite category is obtained. The fourth year of reproduction are tubers of the super elite category. In the fifth year, the super-elite plants select the best of the best in all respects. The offspring of these best selected plants of a certain variety are called the potato elite.

Therefore, if you have already decided to purchase new varieties of potatoes, then you need to buy seed material of the elite and super-elite categories. The manufacturer also matters. Today, seed potatoes are sold by companies that produce seed material themselves and by companies that supply seed material but do not produce it. Elite seed material from manufacturing companies may cost less, but companies supplying seed potatoes have a wider range. As for quality, it is entirely determined by the competence of the technological process, that is, it remains on the conscience of the manufacturer. To avoid annoying disappointments, it is better to purchase seed material from time-tested organizations, for example, the All-Russian Research Institute of Potato Farming named after. Lorch, regional research institutes, NPOs (research and production associations).

Characteristics of varieties

All over the world, growing high potato yields is considered a task of national importance. For example, in Ireland, potatoes are the main crop and occupy almost all areas of farmland. Breeding work is developed at a high level in Germany and Holland, and recently the breeding school of Belarus has reached the world level. Each selection school has its own advantages and disadvantages. Western European varieties are distinguished by high yield and marketability of tubers, but Russian, Belarusian and Ukrainian varieties are more flexible and have excellent taste. In general, there are more than 4 thousand varieties of potatoes in the world.

Depending on the needs for which potatoes are grown, there are 4 groups of varieties:

1. Table varieties. There are most of them. Table varieties are distinguished by a high content of vitamin C, the tubers are smooth, beautiful, and contain 12–16% starch. They are great for making salads and frying.
2. Technical varieties. They contain the most starch and are better suited for purees.
3. Universal varieties. In terms of the amount of starch and vitamins, they are between table and industrial varieties.
4. Fodder varieties. These varieties are distinguished by a high amount of protein and are used as animal feed.

Three groups of potato varieties have been identified, which are characterized by ripening periods: early-ripening, mid-ripening and late-ripening.

Given the unpredictability of weather conditions, it is a good idea to cultivate several varieties with different ripening periods. In addition, having several varieties, you can compare and select those varieties that have shown excellent productivity on your soil and in your region.

Early ripening varieties

Early maturing varieties, as the name suggests, effectively use moisture in early summer. Full ripening of tubers occurs in 60–70 days. Some varieties allow you to dig up tubers already 40 days after emergence. Such, for example, is the Dnepryanka variety of Ukrainian selection or the Impala variety of Dutch selection.

There is an opinion that early potato varieties are suitable only for summer and autumn consumption, since they are not stored for a long time. But this is not true at all. There are many early varieties that are perfectly stored in winter, but require proper storage conditions - a stable temperature of 2-3ºC.

Early potato varieties include:

1. Varieties of Dutch and German selection - Karatop, Red Scarlett, Bellarosa, Rodrigo, Adretta, Gala, Nikita.
2. Varieties of Russian selection - Nevsky, Udacha, Baron, Sorcerer, Zhukovsky early, Krasavchik, Red Rose, Snow White, Skoroplodny.
3. Varieties of Ukrainian selection - Dnepryanka, Fantasia, Tiras, Serpanok, Svitanok Kyiv.
4. Varieties of Belarusian selection - Dolphin, Aksamit, Caprice.

Growing and care

Plants begin to hill after germination; the procedure is repeated when the height reaches 15-20 cm.

Water 3-5 times per season, depending on the amount of precipitation. For irrigation, take warm water and moisten the soil abundantly to a depth of 50 cm. The first watering is carried out 1-2 weeks after germination, then when buds appear and at the end of flowering.

If there is a lack of moisture at the beginning and middle of flowering, the bush will form few tubers.

Feed after rains or watering on moist soil. Young plants are watered with a solution of chicken manure, and with the beginning of flowering - with mineral preparations (superphosphate, potassium sulfate).

Mid- and late-ripening varieties

There are mid-early varieties with a growing season of up to 100 days and mid-season varieties with a growing season of up to 125 days. Tuber formation in these varieties occurs 80–100 days after germination.

Late potato varieties vegetate for 140 days or more. Tubers are formed 110 days after planting.

These varieties have powerful tops and consume large amounts of moisture.

Mid-ripening and late-ripening varieties are characterized by greater accumulation of starch and dry matter, excellent taste and good keeping quality. However, you need to understand that late blight, the scourge of potatoes, can cause significant damage to the harvest of these varieties. Compared to early varieties, late potato varieties are, as a rule, more resistant to this disease, but still, already from mid-July, a background favorable for late blight develops in many regions - rains, cold dew and hot weather during the day. By this period, the early varieties had mostly already given up their harvest, and the later varieties may require chemical protection.

Mid-season varieties:

1. Varieties of Russian selection - Lazar, Yugra, Resurs, Vasily.
2. Varieties of Belarusian selection - Skarb, Krinitsa, Zhivitsa, Garant.
3. Varieties of Dutch and German selection - Rosalind, Romano, Roko, Ramos.

Late-ripening potato varieties:

1. Varieties of Belarusian selection - Zdabytak, Alpinist, Zarnitsa, Suzorie, Vesnyanka.
2. Varieties of Dutch and German selection - Rodeo, Mondial, Asterix.
3. Varieties of Russian selection - Vityaz, Malinovka, Lorch.
4. The variety of Ukrainian selection is Teterev.

Growing technology

The area for planting potatoes should be level and well lit throughout the day. In the fall, 5-10 kg of humus per square meter should be added to the beds intended for potatoes, and it is also necessary to carry out deep plowing and remove all plant debris from the site. When planting potatoes, it is recommended to add humus and wood ash.

Watering is best done from the budding stage to the ripening of the crop. Irrigation measures can be supplemented with fertilizing, taking into account the fact that the potato variety “Teterev” has an increased need for nutrients, especially potassium.

Top dressing can be both foliar and root. Ammonium nitrate is used as a fertilizer when carrying out foliar feeding, namely spraying. You can also add macro- and microelements using the foliar method. Potatoes are also fed with organic matter: liquid bird droppings or slurry.

It is very important to carry out regular weeding of plantings, as well as surface loosening of the soil between rows and hilling, which is necessary to increase productivity and protect tubers from adverse weather conditions. To protect against diseases and pests, preventive spraying of tops with folk remedies or systemic chemicals is carried out.

Exotic potato varieties

Exotic potato tubers have a non-standard color: blue, red, pink, black and striped. 1 kg of such potatoes is not cheap. The most expensive exotic potatoes cost up to 500 euros per 1 kg. The demand for such potatoes is, of course, limited. These potatoes are used to make unusual chips and are used in extravagant salads.

Exotic potato varieties:

1. Shatland Black - has a purple color.
2. Highland Burgundy Red – beet color of the pulp.
3. Salad Blue - extraordinary blue chips are made from this potato.
4. Caribbean is a popular variety in the USA. Purple peel and snow-white flesh. These potatoes make an incredibly fluffy puree.

As you can see, dear readers of MirSovetov, the potatoes we are used to have a wide variety of tastes and varieties. Choose the best one according to your taste.

Source: mirsovetov.ru

The Institute of Potato Growing of the UAAN has developed nematode-resistant potato varieties that have already proven themselves.

How to choose a potato variety for planting?

To date, more than one hundred potato varieties have been entered into the Register of Ukraine, a significant part of which are of Ukrainian selection. Some of them are resistant to golden potato nematode. To protect your plot from a dangerous parasite and increase productivity, a number of agrotechnical measures are needed: correct crop rotation, a complex of fertilizers and additional means. It is very important to combine the cultivation of susceptible and nematode-resistant varieties in one area. A fairly common mistake is when potatoes are planted in areas where perennial grasses and corn grew. A stem nematode often settles on their stems, and it remains in the soil for several years.

Variety "Povin"

Early ripening varieties Povin : yellow, short-oval tubers, yellow flesh. The flowers are red-violet. Poran : pink tubers, white flesh. The flowers are red-violet. Created at the Polesie experimental station.

Variety "Dobrochin"

Mid-early varieties Nemeshaevsky 100 : pink, oval tubers, creamy flesh. The flowers are red-violet. Resistant to potato nematode and relatively resistant to stem nematode. Obriy : tubers are short-oval, white-yellow, white flesh. Dobrochin : oval pink tubers, white flesh. Has good taste.

Variety "Slavyanka"

Liley varieties : tubers are elongated-oval, cream-colored, cream-colored flesh, white flowers. Resistant to potato nematode and relatively resistant to stem nematode. Slavyanka : one of the highest-yielding Ukrainian varieties. The tubers are oblong-oval, pink, with creamy flesh. Relatively resistant to viral diseases.

Variety "Teterev"

Mid-late varieties of Grouse : tubers are round, pink, white flesh. This variety has increased resistance to late blight. Dzvin : pink, oval tubers, creamy flesh. It has a high starch content and good taste.

Attention! The Dobrochin variety can be planted in all regions of Ukraine. All others are suitable for the conditions of Polesie, Forest-steppe and Steppe.

Photo: Mikhail Kutsy.

Source: hdinterior.ru

Seed potatoes. The best varieties of Dutch potatoes

By growing the best elite varieties of Dutch production, you can actually get up to a ton of potatoes per hundred square meters. Elite seed potatoes are not a luxury, but a necessity.

Potatoes are prone to degeneration and the accumulation of diseases. Without knowing this, many gardeners plant unproductive, contaminated seed material that has lost its best breeding qualities.

To obtain high yields, seed fund needs to be renewed every 3-4 years, maximum 5 years, by purchasing elite tubers. The best varieties of Dutch-produced potatoes are not infected with viral diseases. They passed the test. When selecting seed material, special attention was paid to the early and mid-early varieties most suitable for Russian conditions.

Potato variety "Asterix"

variety "Asterix"

Mid-late potato variety. The tubers are red with yellow flesh, elongated-oval, of excellent taste. In small areas, elite tubers yield 2-2.5 kg per bush. Resistant to mechanical damage, does not form dark spots from impacts. Resistant to nematode, cancer, late blight of tubers. Has good keeping quality. Does not like oversaturation of the soil with nitrogen, prefers additional irrigation.

Potato variety "Cleopatra"

Variety "Cleopatra"

An early, highly productive variety with early tuberization. Tubers of regular oval shape, with red skin, superficial eyes and light yellow flesh, quickly become large. With an average number of tubers, it has excellent yield - 2.5 kg per bush. Doesn't get soft when cooked. Grows well on clay and sandy soils. Even early potatoes have excellent consumer properties. Susceptible to scab, but almost not susceptible to late blight of tubers. Resistant to drought and mechanical damage. Has good keeping quality.

Potato variety “Competitor”

An early, highly productive variety, with very early tuber formation. The tubers are very large, regular oval in shape, with superficial eyes and light yellow flesh. Productivity - 2-2.5 kg per bush. Excellent consumer properties. Tubers are not susceptible to late blight.

Potato variety "Disire"

Variety "Dizire"

Mid-late red variety. The tubers are large, oval, with light yellow flesh. It is very popular in the world. It is widely used in modern breeding, as it has excellent consumer properties. This variety allows you to get good results on different types of soil; it is not demanding on conditions. Productivity - 2-2.5 kg per bush. Relatively resistant to late blight. Resistant to mechanical damage, moderately susceptible to scab. Good resistance to drought and heat.

Potato variety "Yarla"

Variety "Yarla"

A very early, highly productive variety with large tubers. Provides high yields in a very short growing season. For early use and implementation. Due to its early ripening, it is resistant to late blight, internal rust, cancer, scab, and mechanical damage. Does not form dark spots from impacts. It recovers quickly after frost and grows well on all types of soil. Produces a small number of light yellow large oval tubers with superficial eyes and light yellow flesh. Keeping quality is also good for early potatoes. An exceptionally unpretentious and reliable variety. Productivity is more than 2-2.5 kg per bush in any summer.

Potato variety "Latona"

Variety "Latona"

Early, highly productive variety. The tubers are yellow, round-oval with superficial eyes and pale yellow flesh. It has excellent taste and does not get overcooked. Resistant to scab and late blight. Provides high yields in a short growing season. Productivity is 2-2.5 kg per bush in any summer.

Potato variety "Mona Lisa"

Mid-early variety. Elongated oval tubers with superficial eyes and yellow flesh have a good taste. Resistant to viral diseases, common scab and darkening of the pulp. Not resistant to late blight. Requires increased nitrogen application. Productivity - more than 2 kg per bush.

Potato variety "Red Star"

Variety "Red Star"

Mid-early, productive variety. The tubers are regular oval in shape, with small eyes, red skin and yellow flesh. Resistant to scab, viral diseases and nematodes. Moderately resistant to late blight. Productivity is more than 2-2.5 kg per bush on any soil. Has an excellent presentation. Symphony. A mid-early, productive variety with red, oval-shaped tubers, with superficial eyes and light yellow flesh. It has good taste, especially when cooked. In addition, the tubers are dug up almost clean and are easy to clean. Of all the red varieties, this is the most resistant to scab, late blight, viral diseases and nematodes. Responsive to fertilization and watering.

Potato variety "Ukama"

Variety "Ukama"

A very early potato variety. Gives a good harvest of high quality tubers 90 days after planting. Tubers can begin to be dug up at the beginning of July, that is, after 50-60 days. The tubers are regular, elongated oval in shape, with light yellow flesh, and do not become overcooked. Resistant to late blight and nematode. Productivity - up to 2.5 kg per bush.

Potato variety "Friesia"

Mid-early, productive variety. The tubers are large, oval, regular in shape, with superficial eyes and creamy pulp. Doesn't get soft when cooked. Nematode resistant. Moderately sensitive to late blight and scab. Productivity is more than 2.5 kg per bush.

Mid-season

These types of potatoes have a longer growing season. But at the same time, their tubers are tastier and the yield is higher. They can be stored until next spring without loss of quality. The most popular of them:

Late varieties have a very long growing season, so they are not grown in most of Russia.

Source: naogorode.net