Broccoli Batavia is a Dutch hybrid, which is characterized by good presentation of fruits and excellent taste. Suitable for spring and autumn harvest. It is resistant to high temperatures and fusarium. In order for the yield of the hybrid to correspond to the declared one, it is necessary to follow the manufacturer’s recommendations for planting and further care.
Broccoli Batavia is suitable for open and closed ground
Description and characteristics of broccoli Batavia F1
The hybrid is characterized by medium-sized bushes, the height of which reaches 0.7-0.8 m. The plants are characterized by an accelerated growth rate. The growing season for Batavia broccoli is 60-65 days, making this variety ideal for an early harvest.
The heads are round, dense, dark green in color. The average weight of each varies between 0.8-1.2 kg. Batavia broccoli florets are fine-grained and easily separated. After cutting the main crop, the plant forms lateral forks weighing up to 200 g.
Productivity
This hybrid belongs to the early category. The first fruits can be cut two months after emergence. The yield of Batavia broccoli is 4 kg per 1 sq. m.
Important! The hydride is suitable for industrial and private cultivation.
Description of broccoli cabbage Tonus
Domestic breeders brought out the tone. It is suitable for growing through seedlings or from seeds by sowing in open ground.
Breeding history
The tone was the result of the work of Russian breeders at the All-Russian Research Institute for Selection and Seed Production of Vegetable Crops.
An application for registration of the variety was submitted in 1983, and in 1986 it was included in the State Register of Russia.
Chemical composition, trace elements and vitamins, beneficial properties
100 g of Tonus cabbage contains:
- selenium – 2.5 mcg;
- potassium – 316 mg;
- calcium – 47 mg;
- iron – 0.7 mg;
- phosphorus – 66 mg;
- magnesium – 21 mg;
- ascorbic acid – 89.2 mg;
- vitamin A – 31 mcg;
- B1 – 0.1 mg;
- B2 – 0.1 mg;
- B9 – 63 mcg;
- E – 0.8 mg.
Regular consumption of this vegetable prevents the accumulation of cholesterol and stagnation of bile, improves the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract and cardiovascular system, and helps prevent heart attacks and strokes. Broccoli is good for gout and has a mild laxative effect.
Features of application
Broccoli Tonus is consumed fresh, frozen, added to vegetable salads, omelettes and soups, pickled, fried, stewed, steamed. This variety is suitable for canning and preparing winter snacks.
Boiled, pureed inflorescences are an ideal complementary food for infants.
Ripening time and yield
This is an early ripening variety: the duration of the growing season after the emergence of seedlings until the onset of technical maturity is 60-89 days.
Commercial yield is 0.8-1.5 kg per 1 m².
Resistance to diseases and pests
Broccoli Tonus can be affected by the following pests and diseases:
- aphid;
- fly larvae;
- flea beetles;
- white moths and cutworms;
- slugs and snails;
- blackleg;
- underwear;
- powdery mildew;
- white rot;
- mosaic.
Cold resistance
Tonus tolerates a drop in air temperature to –7°C, but the optimal temperature for its growth and development is +16…+20°C.
Characteristics, description of appearance, taste
The plant is a small bush, the stems of which reach a maximum length of 60-90 mm. The leaves are dark green, small, entire, with petioles, slightly wrinkled, have a truncated ovoid shape and slightly wavy edges, covered with a bluish-gray waxy coating of medium intensity. The length of the leaf plate is 9-14 cm, width is 7-10 cm.
The heads are dark green, flat-round, medium density, large (height - 8-10 cm, average weight - 162-200 g).
Tonus blooms in the first year of the growing season. During this period, small yellowish flowers appear on the plant, in place of which, after flowering, fruits with seeds are formed.
The cabbage is juicy and has a pleasant, delicious taste with a slight bitterness.
How to plant tonus cabbage correctly?
Growing this variety of broccoli is easy.
Early ripening varieties of broccoli are grown in three well-known ways:
- seedlings;
- sowing under cover;
- straight into open ground.
If you have a small area, it is recommended to plant Tonus through seedlings - this way you will get as many fruits as possible by cutting them off gradually.
Seeds for this method are sown in early or mid-March.
If a summer resident wants to plant under temporary shelter, then this should be done in early May.
It can be planted in open soil in May or June, then the fruits of this broccoli will grow by August or September.
They can be cut off either gradually for food or all at once.
Important!
However, given that this cabbage is very fruit-bearing (the first harvests are possible from mid-June, and the last cutting is possible in October; when lying down, the variety can bear fruit even in the month of November and the beginning of the last winter month - frozen but full-fledged heads), it is recommended cut off the inflorescences gradually.
Advantages and disadvantages
Broccoli Batavia, as gardeners note, has many advantages. But the hybrid also has certain disadvantages that cannot be ignored.
The variety needs good lighting of the bushes
The main advantages of Batavia:
- accelerated pace of development;
- high content of useful components;
- good presentation;
- excellent taste;
- resistance to fusarium;
- low susceptibility to high temperature;
- high yield.
Flaws:
- protection from pests is required;
- needs regular watering and fertilizing;
- demanding on soil composition.
Growing from seeds
When talking about planting broccoli and caring for cabbage, one cannot help but say that this crop is grown both by seeds and seedlings prepared for planting. Fans of growing cauliflower recommend heating the seeds for 20 minutes in hot water (50-60 °C) before planting. Then it should be quickly cooled and placed in a manganese solution for eight hours, at a rate of 1 gram per 3 liters of water.
Only full-bodied seeds are suitable for sowing. To select them, it is recommended to place them in a glass of water. Suitable material will fall to the bottom; it should be dried a little before planting.
In this case, unlike seedlings, the seed material is laid out in a furrow, the depth of which should be no more than three centimeters.
After the emergence of seedlings, they must be thinned out so that the distance between them is 35–40 cm. The process of caring for the crop is no different from planting seedlings.
Seedlings from seeds germinate in prepared containers and are then transferred to open ground in early spring.
Landing Features
Batavia broccoli can be grown by seedlings and direct sowing in the ground. Each of these methods has certain features that you need to familiarize yourself with in advance.
When to plant broccoli Batavia seedlings
When planting Batavia broccoli as seedlings, you can speed up fruiting by two weeks. However, in this case, it is necessary to sow in advance at home. To do this, you will need to prepare wide containers, the height of which will be at least 10 cm. They must have drainage holes to remove excess water.
It is also necessary to prepare a nutrient substrate. It should include turf, sand, humus and leaf soil in equal proportions.
A few days before planting, water the soil with a solution of Fitosporin and then dry it slightly.
It is recommended to soak Batavia broccoli seeds immediately before planting in a pink solution of potassium permanganate for 15 minutes, and then rinse with plain water. After this, they need to be slightly dried until characteristic flowability appears.
Important! Seeds that have sunk to the bottom during soaking are suitable for sowing.
Algorithm of actions:
- Fill the container with substrate.
- Water it generously and wait until the moisture is absorbed.
- Level and compact the surface.
- Place the seeds 1 cm apart.
- Sprinkle them with a 1 cm thick layer of soil.
- Moisten the surface with a spray bottle.
After planting, the container should be covered with film or glass and moved to a dark place with a temperature of +20-23 °C. The crops must be ventilated daily and any accumulated condensation must be removed. And after the emergence of seedlings, the container should be moved to a bright windowsill and the maintenance regime should be lowered to +18 °C.
Broccoli seeds Batavia germinate in 5-7 days
Hybrid seedlings do not require complex care. It is recommended to water the seedlings moderately as the top layer of soil dries. And when they are well strengthened, they need to be adapted to external conditions and the shelter must be completely removed.
At the stage of 2-3 true leaves, Batavia cabbage must be planted in separate cups to build up the root system. Ten days after this, you need to carry out the first fertilizing with mineral fertilizer, which should include boron and molybdenum.
It is recommended to plant seedlings in a permanent place in early May, when the soil is sufficiently warm. By this time, the seedlings should have grown 4-5 true leaves. The recommended planting pattern is 30 by 50 cm.
Sowing in open ground
When sowing in open ground, it is necessary to prepare the bed at least two weeks in advance. To do this, dig it up and add 10 kg of humus and 200 g of wood ash per square meter. m. After this, carefully level the surface.
To plant Batavia broccoli, prepare holes 1 cm deep at a distance of 30 cm, maintaining a distance of 50 cm between rows. They need to be watered generously, and then three seeds should be placed in each. After this, sprinkle with soil and cover the area with agrofibre. And when the shoots appear, remove the cover and water the bed abundantly using sprinkling.
Description of broccoli Fortuna
Broccoli is a healthy product that contains many vitamins and microelements. The protein vegetable is boiled, stewed and fried. Broccoli Fortuna is a popular variety for gardeners: it is easy to plant, and the crop itself is unpretentious in care.
Description of broccoli Fortuna
Characteristics of the variety
Fortuna is a mid-season type of cabbage and is considered a gourmet plant for planting in open ground. The average ripening period for cabbage is from 85 to 100 days (this depends on weather conditions, watering and soil fertilization).
Description of cabbage head:
- raised rosette of dark green leaves;
- round head;
- average density;
- the weight of one head of cabbage is 300-500 g.
With proper care, side heads appear and grow quickly.
Advantages of the variety
A crop of any type and ripening period needs special care: this is a system of proper watering, fertilization, loosening the soil and applying additional mineral fertilizers.
- the content of calcium, magnesium, vitamins A and C, which help strengthen the human immune system and improve the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract;
- frost resistance and resistance to sudden temperature changes;
- planting at the end of May; the entire harvest is harvested at the end of summer.
Fresh produce grown in the garden strengthens the immune system and helps improve the digestive system.
The variety is resistant to diseases and does not require additional care or transplantation from the greenhouse to open ground.
How to best organize landing
Growing a crop is the basis of a harvest. Broccoli is grown in 2 ways: through seedlings and without seedlings. Seeds are planted in several stages.
Growing broccoli in early spring is carried out as follows:
The first sowing is planned for May, if the soil has not yet warmed up in April. Re-seeding is carried out after 2 weeks. It is best to plan the first planting for April, then by summer all the planting material will be planted. Seedlings are planted in open ground after 50-60 days. By this time she has time to grow and get stronger
It is important to develop the root system: then the broccoli will quickly germinate and begin to grow in open ground. If the seedlings are not planted by the end of May, and it is already warm outside, the replacements are planted immediately in the garden. Before planting, dig a hole and check the condition of the soil: you can measure the temperature by eye or using a thermometer
Warm soil is an important condition for proper growth of cabbage.
It is recommended to plant in fertilized soil. Mineral complexes and manure (with compost) are added. The better the soil composition, the easier it is for broccoli to grow, especially when planted from seeds in open soil.
The first April planting is carried out at home. Fertilized soil and a secluded warm place with constant lighting (at least 12 hours a day) are suitable for seeds. It is not necessary to have a large greenhouse to carry out the initial planting of broccoli.
Rules of care
Good care increases productivity
Productivity directly depends on proper care:
As soon as the first leaves are formed, the first feeding is carried out. This is the nutrition that will allow the plant to begin rapid growth. For the first feeding, mineral complexes are used: they allow you to nourish all the leaves and rhizomes of broccoli.
Loosening the soil provides the plant with moisture: water will not stagnate, and the root part of the bush breathes
Loosening is especially important during the flowering period of broccoli. Regular watering is needed constantly, from the first week of transplanting seedlings into open ground
Recommendations for cultivation
Cabbage Fortuna gets along well in any soil. Additional feeding of the plant saves it from wilting and allows you to strengthen the root system: the more nutrition, the more harvest. Sandy soil is well fertilized with manure and nitrogen substances. It is useful to plant seedlings after one-year crops: it is better not to plant broccoli after root crops.
The average distance between seedlings should be at least 20 cm. This is the optimal distance for the rapid growth of the head of cabbage and lateral heads. Fortune gets along well in areas without shade. It is better not to plant crops in lowlands where water stagnates.
Before planting, the seeds are soaked as a preventive measure. If the head of cabbage is sick, it is better to remove it so as not to lose the entire harvest.
Features of care
Broccoli Batavia does not require complex care. To successfully grow a hybrid, it is necessary to regularly water the cabbage. It is recommended to do this in the evening. The frequency of moisturizing is 1-2 times a week, depending on weather conditions. In this case, the soil should be wetted by 5-10 cm.
As the seedlings grow, they need to be hilled up; this will allow the plants to develop a powerful root system. It is also recommended to regularly weed until the bushes close together.
The accelerated growth rate of Batavia broccoli requires sufficient nutrients in the soil. Therefore, it is recommended to fertilize the hybrid three times per season. It is recommended to fertilize for the first time ten days after planting the seedlings in a permanent place. During this period, you can use chicken manure 1:10 or mullein 1:15.
Subsequent times the hybrid needs to be fed every 14 days. The second time, fertilize the cabbage with nitroammophos at the rate of 30 g per bucket of water, and the third time with 40 g of superphosphate and 25 g of potassium sulphide for the same volume of liquid.
Important! It is recommended to pour at least 0.5 liters of nutrient solution under each Batavia bush.
Fertilizing should be done when the soil is moist
Broccoli Batavia needs protection from pests. As a preventive measure, it is recommended to spray the cabbage weekly with a garlic solution, and if signs of damage appear, apply insecticides.
Fiesta F1
The variety was bred in Holland and is recommended for garden plots of any latitude. The ideal temperature for its successful growth is 18-24 °C. The culture is resistant to unfavorable conditions, and long rains benefit it.
The fruiting period of this variety is very extended, and more than one harvest can be obtained from each plant. From planting seedlings to the harvesting of the heads, an average of 80 days pass.
Cabbage has beautiful leaves with a blue tint and a corrugated surface. The average weight of heads of cabbage is 800 g, and under good conditions cabbage grows up to one and a half kg. Before the flowers bloom, the crop needs to be cut - broccoli is edible only in this condition.
Popular varieties
It is impossible to single out the best “representatives” of broccoli due to the fact that each gardener chooses them according to his own rules. But there are still varieties that are rated positively by the majority of lovers of this vegetable.
Early ripening
Terms of technical maturity from 60 to 100 days.
"Batavia F1". In most areas it is assessed as an early-ripening broccoli hybrid, although according to the State Register for personal subsidiary plots it is included as a mid-season. Green leaf with a gray tint, wavy along the edge, bubbly. The head is round in shape, with small tubercles, dense. The secondary heads are easy to separate. The weight of the central head is from 0.7 to 1.5 kg, the side ones - 200 grams or more. The readiness period for the first cabbage inflorescences is 2 or a little more than a month after planting 30-day-old seedlings. The best time for planting is from March 15, for a month. It is possible to plant seeds after April 20. The harvest is collected on average 2.6 kg per unit area. Tolerates heat well. On the side shoots, "Batavia" bears fruit until frost. Doesn't last long. Best eaten fresh, although suitable for processing and freezing.
"Linda" is a cabbage variety made from first generation hybrid seeds. Depending on the area, the ripening time of the main fruit is 85-105 days, weight 300-400 g, color rich green, elliptical shape. It grows up to 7 lateral inflorescences, weighing up to 50-70 g. The height of the broccoli bush is average. Seedlings are sown at the age of 35-45 days, from mid-March at intervals of 10 days until the end of April. Consumption fresh and canned. A complex of vitamins and amino acids, a lot of iodine. They remove 3-4 kg per unit of growing area.
"Lord F1". Very tasty, high yielding. Planting broccoli cabbage seeds for seedlings from March 15 for a month, put on the ground after April 20. You can use seeds. The sheet is slightly corrugated. The stem is powerful. The maximum weight of the central head is 1.5 kg, round-flat in shape, dark green in color, fine-grained, the inflorescences are of excellent quality and are easy to separate. Technical maturity of the Lord variety is 60-64 days. Side fruits up to 200 g, formed before frost. "Lord" is not susceptible to downy mildew. Successful to grow outdoors. Maximum fees per square meter 4 kg. Improves the functioning of the heart and blood vessels.
"Monaco F1". The period of technical maturity is 70-75 days. The stem grows up to 80 cm. The age of seedlings for open soil is 45-55 days. The central head is round-flat, dome-shaped, weighing 1.5-2 kg, dark green. There are no secondary inflorescences. The yield of "Monaco" is 4.2 kg per square meter. Can be obtained twice per season by sowing seeds in “waves”. High consumer qualities. There is no bitterness. Does not crack during transportation. Resistance to bacteriosis. Juicy taste fresh, freezes well.
"Tone". The variety has been known for a long time. Ripening time is 70-90 days. A large head of cabbage up to 200 g of medium density can quickly fade into color. A slightly brownish tint is possible. Side shoots weighing up to 50-70 g grow together. In March, the seeds are sown “for seedlings”, outdoors under temporary shelter in early May. First training camps from mid-June. With proper care, you can cut it until October. If left in the beds even lying down, the variety can give a “gift” in the form of frozen, but absolutely full-fledged heads even in November and early December. Delicate delicious taste. Rich composition of vitamins and mineral salts. The variety is good for use in any form. Harvesting from each unit of area is 1.6-2 kg.
Species and varietal diversity
15 varieties of currants for Siberia, resistant to diseases and pests
It is extremely difficult to determine which variety of broccoli is the best, since each gardener has his own view of this crop.
First, let's figure out how a variety differs from a hybrid.
You can remove seeds from a varietal plant that retain all the characteristics of the variety.
Many people find this type of cabbage tastier. It takes longer to mature than the hybrid one.
Seeds from hybrid plants are not suitable for growing the next crop, since only the first generation will retain the qualities inherent in this hybrid.
Typically, hybrids have many advantages:
- they are very disease resistant;
- are not afraid of pests;
- more fertile than varietal varieties;
- ripen faster;
- tolerate long-term storage well.
The only negative is that the taste is slightly inferior to varietal cabbage.
There is always an “F1” icon on a bag of hybrid seeds.
There are only two criteria for choosing varieties and hybrids of broccoli - ripening time and fertility.
If you want to get your harvest early, choose an early-ripening variety, especially in regions with a short summer season.
In order for the harvest to please you with its quantity, be also careful when choosing a variety or hybrid: from one square of soil you can remove from 1 to 7 kg of broccoli, depending on what you choose.
Broccoli Batavia F1
Refers to early ripening hybrids.
The dense central head has a rounded shape, small tubercles over the entire surface, weight varies from 700 to 1500 grams.
Side heads weigh less - from 200 to 400 grams.
Productivity – 2-2.5 kg per square of soil.
Very tolerant of heat.
The side shoots of Batavia bear fruit before the onset of cold weather.
Does not tolerate long-term storage. The best use for food is fresh, or you can freeze it.
Broccoli Linda
Hybrid variety.
According to the ripening period, it is early ripening (80-100 days from germination).
The central fruit is deep green and elliptical in shape.
The lateral inflorescences weigh from 50 to 70 grams, their number is 5-7 pieces.
Productivity 3.5-4.5 kg per square.
Broccoli Lord F1
Super early hybrid variety (60-65 days).
The dark green round-flat central head with easily detachable fine-grained inflorescences reaches 1500 grams in weight.
Resistant to powdery mildew.
Well suited for growing in open ground.
Productivity – 4-4.5 kg per square.
Useful for problems with the heart and blood vessels.
Broccoli Marathon F1
It is characterized by high yield (3-3.5 kg per square) and cold resistance.
Does not tolerate too hot sun.
On a powerful, tall bush, an ellipse-shaped fruit ripens, quite soft to the touch, of a wonderful blue-green color.
Head weight 0.8-1.0 kg.
Numerous lateral inflorescences are of high quality.
You can cut off the first head already 80 days after planting in the ground.
Many consider this cabbage a delicacy. One of the most popular hybrids.
