Pear variety Chudesnitsa (winter): 17 photos, description, characteristics, pollinators, frost resistance and reviews from gardeners

History of selection and region of breeding of the variety

The popular winter hybrid was bred by scientists from the Research Institute of Genetics and Selection of Fruit Plants named after. I. V. Michurina. The parent plants used in the work were the pear varieties Talgarskaya and Daughter of the Dawn.

The breeders A.P. Gribanovsky, S.P. Yakovlev, and N.I. Savelyev began developing a new winter productive hybrid.

The variety was officially registered in 2001, but was entered into the State Register only 3 years later, as a hybrid for cultivation in the Central Black Earth region. But gardeners in the Moscow region, Voronezh and Leningrad regions, Belarus, and Kazakhstan successfully grow the crop and receive large, juicy harvests.

The Chudesnitsa pear variety is distinguished by its late ripening period

Pear variety Chudesnitsa

In breeding, it often happens that by crossing two varieties, not one variety is developed, but several. This is what happened with the pears selected for breeding work - Talgar Beauty and Daughter of the Dawn. In the famous Michurinka, these parental forms gave life to several descendants at once - Nika, Yakovlevskaya, Extravaganza. Among them is the Wonder Woman, which we will talk about separately. Authorship belongs to S.P. Yakovlev, A.P. Gribanovsky, N.I. Savelyev, V. V. Chivilev and E.N. Dzhigadlo. The variety was registered in 2001 and entered into the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation in 2004. Admission region - Central Black Earth (Belgorod, Kursk, Voronezh, Oryol, Tambov, Lipetsk regions). This pear is often found in the Moscow region, Leningrad, Yaroslavl and Voronezh regions. The variety is well known in gardens located in the north of Ukraine, as well as in Belarus and Kazakhstan.

Description

A tree of medium vigor, 2.5 - 3 meters high. The crown is pyramidal, sparse, medium leafy. The Miraculous's shoots are even, not too thick, the bark is brownish-brown, with a small number of lentils, and not pubescent. The buds are small, cone-shaped, smooth, and do not deviate from the shoot. The leaves are ordinary, green in color, ovoid in shape with a short pointed tip, a blunt base and finely serrated serrations along the edge. The surface is smooth, not shiny, with delicate veining. The leaf blade is curved upward. Petiole of medium length. Stipules subulate.

The shape of the fruits of this variety is short pear-shaped or truncated-conical. The surface is smooth. The funnel is small, narrow, blunt-conical, with slight rustiness. Medium size saucer. The calyx is half-open, non-falling. The skin is not rough, smooth, oily to the touch, with a waxy coating. At the moment of ripeness, the fruit is colored juicy green, with a pink outer tint appearing on a smaller part of the surface. A ripe pear turns greenish-yellowish in color, the outer color becomes more noticeable, acquiring a red tint. Subcutaneous points are small but clearly visible. The peduncle is oblique, medium-sized, curved. The mass of Miraculous fruits ranges from 130 to 200 grams.

The pulp is a pleasant cream color, medium-dense, semi-oily, tender, juicy, with a small amount of granulation. The heart is medium, bulbous, the seed chambers are small, closed. The seeds are conical, brown, medium-sized. The taste is sweet and sour, without astringency. The aroma is average. Tasting score 4.3 points. 100 grams of pulp contains: 13.3% dry matter, 9.6% sugars, 0.3% titratable acids, 7.9 mg of ascorbic acid, 176 mg of P-active substances.

Characteristics

• The Miraculous enters the fruiting period 5 - 6 years after planting;
• refers to winter varieties, harvest maturity occurs in the second ten days of September;
• ripe fruits do not fall off;
• Winter hardiness of pear is high. During the experiment on artificial freezing to -38°C, which was carried out in the middle of winter, the degree of damage to the cambial layer did not exceed 0.7 points. Xylem (the main water-conducting tissue) and bark showed no signs of freezing;

• during the years of testing, which were carried out from 1998 to 2003, the yield was 132 c/ha, which exceeded the control variety by 55 c/ha;
• The Wonder Woman has good immunity, she is valued for her high resistance to fungal diseases - scab, rust;
• the variety is resistant to pests and is almost not affected by the pear borer;
• transportability of fruits is excellent;
• the keeping quality of pears is good, the duration of the consumption period in a refrigerated fruit storage facility with a controlled level of humidity lasts 120 - 150 days;
• The method of consuming fruits is universal. It is recommended to use them raw. They are also suitable for processing; in winter, delicious preserves, jams, marmalades, and compotes are obtained. You can prepare dried fruits.

Planting and care

You can plant Wonderwort in spring and autumn. The variety is not picky about soil, but loam or black soil is preferred. The place should be sunny; it is best to set aside a free area for planting in the southern part of the garden. Pear trees cannot tolerate stagnant water in the roots, so the groundwater level should not be higher than 1.5 meters to the surface.

Pruning must be carried out every year, otherwise, if the crown thickens too much, the fruits will begin to shrink. Mature trees do not need winter shelter, but seedlings can be insulated by wrapping the trunks with non-woven material and covering the trunk circle with mulch. In spring and autumn, whitewashing of the trunk is required. The rest of the care methods - watering, fertilizing, loosening and weeding - are carried out according to the standard scheme.

The miracle worker, despite her young age, was liked by many gardeners. High winter hardiness, good immunity, and a long period of consumption of fruits that have excellent taste make the variety in demand. Moreover, the pear is very unpretentious in care.

Description of the variety

The Chudesnitsa pear is classified as a winter variety with a mixed fruiting period. Fruits are used for home and industrial preservation.

Tree

The tree is characterized by medium growth vigor and a pyramidal crown. The height of the plant reaches 3 m. The shoots are pubescent, smooth, and brown in color.

The leaves are green with fine serrations along the edges. The shape is ovoid with a pointed tip.

The flowers are white. Petals 5. Seed chambers are closed. The seeds are brown, canonical in shape.

Description and characteristics

Traditionally, the description of any variety of fruit tree includes the botanical characteristics of the tree, as well as the commercial qualities of the fruit, because both play a role in deciding whether to plant a plant on your site.

Description of the tree

The Miracle Tree is distinguished by the following features:

Did you know? Springerle (Springerle) - the famous German cookies with an image in the form of relief - are prepared using special molding boards, which are traditionally made only from pear wood.

Description of fruits

Among the features of Chudesnitsa pears, the following main points should be highlighted:

Flowering and fruiting times

Like other autumn-ripening pears, Miracle begins to bloom around the beginning of May, when the likelihood of late spring frosts is already low. The harvest reaches technical ripeness in early September, biological ripeness after about 2 weeks.

Typically, pears of this variety are picked green and left to ripen for 30 days. This allows you to protect the crop from shedding and extend its shelf life.

A young seedling begins to bear fruit approximately in the fifth year after planting, which is considered a good indicator for a pear, and, with good care, this can last for 5–7 decades.

Variety resistance

Miracle has excellent winter hardiness. During selection tests, the tree was subjected to freezing in laboratory conditions to a temperature of -38°C, which is practically unrealistic for the middle zone to which the variety is aimed.

The result turned out to be very impressive: the bark and main tissues of the Miraculous were not damaged at all by the frost, and the educational tissue (the so-called cambial layer) suffered only slightly.

Important! The declared characteristics of the variety as winter-hardy led to the attempts of some gardeners to plant Chudesnitsa in regions with obviously more severe winters than the authors of the variety planned. The experiments turned out to be unsuccessful: the pear wood was severely damaged by frost.. The Miraculous also has good immunity to fungal diseases and pests; in particular, scab, rust and pear worm are the worst enemies of the orchard - this variety is almost not affected

Miraculous also has good immunity to fungal diseases and pests; in particular, scab, rust and pear borer - the worst enemies of the orchard - almost do not affect this variety.

The tree's resistance to adverse weather conditions is another merit of the authors of the Miraculous.

Characteristics

Despite the fact that the variety was developed relatively recently, the crop is very popular among gardeners in different regions. The main advantage of the plant is not only its delicious juicy fruits, but also its excellent natural immunity, thanks to which the tree is rarely affected by fungal and bacterial diseases.

Drought and frost resistance

The Chudesnitsa pear variety has excellent characteristics of winter hardiness and drought resistance, just like the Hera pear variety or the Dulka pear. In the Northern regions, it is recommended to insulate the plant in the fall so that by spring it does not suffer from severe frosts.

When conducting the experiment in winter, the temperature was reduced to -38°C. At the same time, the damage to the cambial layer was only 0.7 points, the bark and xylem were not damaged at all.

The Chudesnitsa variety tolerates periods of drought well. Thanks to the developed bark system, an adult tree is able to independently provide itself with moisture. But young seedlings need to be watered regularly after planting.

Characteristics of the Chudesnitsa pear variety

Pear Chudesnitsa is a new winter pear variety obtained by Russian scientists as a result of crossing.

Characteristics of the Chudesnitsa pear variety

Characteristics of the variety

According to the description, the Chudesnitsa pear variety is characterized by:

• good winter hardiness (tolerates temperatures of -38°C without freezing of the bark or damage to cambium tissue);
• high productivity;
• average fruiting (the tree bears fruit 5-6 years after planting);
• duration of consumption (fruits are stored for up to 4 months, provided that the room is cool);
• harvesting in the second and third decades of September; durability (gives harvests up to 50-70 years);
• not picky about soil;
• ripening of fruits in a plucked state to gain flavor and sweetness.

Description of the tree

According to the description, pears of the Kudesnitsa variety are vigorous. Their crown has an oval shape and an average level of density. The main disadvantage is the reduction of fruits due to thickening of the crown. The bush has a mixed type of fruiting. The shoots of this fruit tree are relatively thin and greenish-brown, with small buds and relatively small green leaves with a round, upward-curving shape.

The ideal time for planting pear seedlings is autumn, but you can also plant them in the spring, but in this case the planting holes are prepared in the fall.

Description of the fruit

The average fruit weight varies from 130 to 200 g. The shape is slightly elongated and regular. To the touch, the skin of the fruit is oily and smooth, with a slight waxy coating.

The fruits of this fruit tree are characterized by closed seed chambers. Small saucer, straight, medium-sized stalk. The seeds are also small and narrow. During the ripening period, the fruit has a rich yellow color, sometimes with a blurred blush.

The pulp is white and tender, most often oily. The fruit tastes sweet, with a slight sour taste, and has a faint aroma. This fruit is actively used to prepare certain types of wines and various sweets. It is also popular in folk medicine. It is sometimes used in the production of treatments for a number of viral diseases.

The Miracle Pear, as described by gardeners, does not require special care. All she needs is:

• access to direct sunlight (the best option for planting is the south or west side);
• preferably drained and fertile soils;
• moderate soil moisture, because excessive moisture and stagnation of moisture harm the fruit tree;
• mandatory pruning (any method will do: shortening, transferring to branches, thinning);
• optimal irrigation system - sprinkling with a sprayer that imitates natural rain;
• loosening to provide the soil with oxygen after watering;
• applying fertilizers in autumn and spring, starting from the second year;
• good insulation of the roots in the cold season, while the trunk is wrapped with film or paper.

The tree is easy to care for

If the tree grows in soil conditions with high levels of sand or clay, the soil must be prepared in advance. The best option is to change the land storage manually. This requires:

• purchase 2-3 bags of ready-made soil mixture for fruit trees;
• dig a small pit in the area planned for planting the crop;
• mix the soil taken from the pit with the prepared soil mixture in the proportion of 3 m of soil mixture per 1 m of local soil.

Part of the prepared mixture is placed at the bottom of the hole, and part is left to cover the roots of the seedling.

Diseases

One of the main positive qualities of the Chudesnitsa variety is its resistance to disease.

It does not suffer from scab, which is widespread in temperate climates, which gives it a significant advantage in the market over other fruits. The tree is not affected by entomosporia, which negatively affects the formation of buds and gives the leaves a brown color.

Pests

The main danger is pests:

• brown fruit mite;
• blue-headed armyworm;
• goose;
• mole.

Brown fruit mite

Brown fruit mites overwinter in cracks in the bark, and in the spring they molt and lay eggs on the leaves. In less than a month, the larvae become adult ticks. The cycle is repeated many times.

To combat brown fruit mites in the spring, the tree is sprayed with acaricides. The drug used is changed so that ticks do not develop immunity to it. If the lesions are too severe, resort to the use of nitrafen or oleocuprite.

Blue-headed armyworm

It is a large butterfly with brown wings that lays eggs in the crown of trees for the winter. To combat it, the branches are regularly inspected and the caterpillars are shaken off, followed by the destruction of the pest.

If the invasion of the blue-headed armyworm is widespread, the tree is treated with insecticides. Do this before flowering.

Advantages and disadvantages of the variety

Despite the recent appearance of the Chudesnitsa pear variety, the plant is very popular. This variety has many strengths:

• excellent taste;
• stable and large harvest;
• excellent shelf life and transportation characteristics;
• compact size of the tree;
• good immunity;
• unpretentiousness and low requirements for growing conditions;
• versatility of fruit use.

This pear variety has several disadvantages that should be taken into account when purchasing seedlings. Main disadvantages:

• tasting score – 4.3 points;
• The plant experiences intensive growth, so regular pruning and crown formation are required.

If you do not cut the shoots every year at the end and beginning of the season, the crown will grow greatly and the fruits will begin to shrink.

Reviews

Tatiana

Smolensk

The pear has grown small, but every year it pleases me with a very good harvest. The collected fruits are enough for our family to make jam and eat fresh.

Olga

Vyazma

It’s not for nothing that the variety was called Miracle. The tree is very beautiful, low and the branches are simply covered with fruits. The pears themselves also look very appetizing. They are round, greenish-yellow, with an attractive red side.

Vitaly

Belgorod

Caring for trees of this variety is not difficult, but you must definitely thin out the crown and remove excess branches. If you do not prune for 2-3 years, the pears immediately become smaller.

Optimal growing conditions

In order for the tree to begin to bear fruit as quickly as possible, optimal conditions for growth should be created for the young seedlings. The choice of planting date is possible in spring or autumn. For the Middle Zone, spring planting work is more suitable (late April - early May), so that the young tree has time to take root well and take root by winter. In the south of the country, you can plant Wonderwort in the autumn (mid-September).

For planting, you need to choose a dry, flat area where sunlight and a light breeze harmoniously combine.

For planting, you must choose a dry, flat and sunny area.

Over-watering should not be allowed. The close occurrence of groundwater can lead to rotting of the root system.

Landing

The Chudesnitsa pear variety is a compact light-loving plant that will require regular pruning and crown formation. A distance of at least 4-5 m is maintained between individual trees.

Deadlines

Spring and autumn plantings are possible.
Experienced gardeners recommend choosing the end of the season, since the seedling will have enough time to take root and develop the root system before it is necessary to increase the green mass. To prevent the young plant from being damaged before winter frosts, planting is carried out after the leaves have fallen and about a month before the onset of frost.

In the spring, they also do not delay the planting procedure. After the temperature rises, it is difficult for a young pear to take root and grow green mass.

Features of planting pear seedlings of the Chudesnitsa variety

Planting any fruit tree must be approached with great responsibility, because, unlike annual crops, fruiting in this case will have to wait a very long time, which means that mistakes made at the very beginning will cost the gardener much more.

Timing and choice of landing site

The pear needs to be planted in an open, well-lit and heated place, preferably on the south side of the site. In this case, the tree will be maximally protected from northern winds, which are especially dangerous for it in the first years of life.

The soil in the place chosen for planting must not be allowed to become waterlogged, so groundwater, if it lies too close to the surface of the earth, must first be drained.

The composition of the soil for the Miraculous is not of fundamental importance, however, on heavy clay soil or alkaline soils the tree takes root and develops poorly. The best option is chernozem, sandstone or loam with a neutral or slightly acidic reaction.

Miracle is a very compact tree, so it will be enough to provide a distance of 4-5 m between it and other tall plants.

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As for the timing of planting, there are two options: spring, around mid-April, or autumn, after the leaves have fallen.

Experienced gardeners consider the second option more preferable, since it allows the seedling to take root sufficiently until the moment when its above-ground part begins to actively develop and require a large amount of nutrients.

Preparing the site and seedlings for planting

Before you start planting a tree, the selected area must be cleared of stones, debris, and weeds. Then you can begin preparing the hole. It always needs to be prepared in advance so that the soil at the bottom has time to “grow” with the necessary microorganisms and, thus, becomes more suitable for the developing root system.

There is no need to dig a hole that is too large for the pear; about 70–80 cm in depth and approximately the same size in diameter is sufficient. The only exception is when the ground on the site is swampy: in such a situation, the hole needs to be deepened and drainage made of broken bricks, stones or screenings must be laid at its bottom.

The soil removed when digging a hole is divided into two parts - the fertile upper part and the infertile lower part. When planting, only the first part will be used; the second can be immediately removed from the site or used for work not related to agriculture.

To enrich the soil with the necessary nutrients and bring it to the required volume, the soil is mixed with the following additional components:

• compost or rotted manure - 30–40 l;
• double superphosphate - 500 ml;
• ammonium nitrate - 250 ml;
• potassium salt - 125 ml;
• wood ash - 500–700 ml.

Another point that needs to be taken into account when preparing a site for planting is the presence of pollinators.

Important! Miraculous is not a self-fertile pear, which means that in the absence of related trees in the neighborhood that bloom at the same time period, the gardener will not get a good harvest of pears.

The following varieties of pears are proven pollinators for Miracle:

• Memory of Yakovlev;
• Extravaganza;
• Daughter of Dawn;
• Talgar beauty.

The process of planting young seedlings

When the hole and soil for the seedling are prepared, the planting process is not particularly difficult and looks like this step by step:

1. Form a hill of 2-3 buckets of fertile soil at the bottom of the hole.
2. Drive a wooden support for the seedling into the center of the hill.
3. Place the seedling on the north side of the hill, pointing the grafting site to the south and carefully spreading the root shoots along the slopes.
4. Fill the hole with soil to the level when the root collar of the seedling remains 5-6 cm above the ground surface.
5. Compact the soil around the seedling.
6. Tie the tree to a support.
7. Water the tree trunk circle with 2-3 buckets of slightly heated and pre-settled water, let it soak into the soil.
8. Add the required amount of soil until the root collar is flush with the surface.

Care

Competent and proper care of the Chudesnitsa pear after planting will help you get a good harvest of large, juicy fruits as quickly as possible. One of the most important procedures when growing Miracle pear is pruning and crown formation. Regular pruning is essential as the plant needs a lot of light.

Pruning and crown formation

The first time pruning is carried out immediately after planting. The main trunk is cut at a height of 50-60 cm, and the lateral young shoots are shortened by 1/3 of the length. Subsequently, protecting the crown from thickening should become a mandatory procedure.

It is best if the tree has only 2-3 skeletal main branches and 2-3 fruit shoots extending from them.

Crown formation is carried out twice per season. In the spring (sanitary inspection), dry, damaged shoots, as well as branches with signs of pest damage and various diseases are removed.

The pear tree is pruned a second time in the fall. 2-3 fruiting shoots are left on the skeletal branches.

Scheme for pruning pears in spring and autumn

All cut areas are treated with garden varnish or oil paint.

Watering frequency

Mature plants do not need watering.
The exception is long periods of drought. The tree needs moisture three times per season:

1. In spring, when the growing season starts. At this time, the soil is sufficiently moistened, so watering is carried out during a dry spring or snowless winter.
2. In summer - during the period when flowering is completed and ovaries are formed).
3. Late autumn. At this time, well-drained soil can protect the root system from hypothermia during the frost period.

It turns out that the pear is watered a maximum of 3 times per season. The volume of water is calculated from the growth of the tree. For every full meter, 10 liters in spring, 15 liters in autumn.

The amount of water is adjusted depending on the soil moisture level.

Young seedlings are more demanding when it comes to watering, as periods of drought can be disastrous for them.

Fertilizer application scheme

If the soil is properly fertilized during the first year after planting, additional fertilizers are not required for the Wonderful pear.

In the future, the soil is replenished with the smell of micronutrients annually. When growing this crop, the classic fertilizer application scheme is used:

• in spring - nitrogen;
• in autumn - potassium and phosphorus.

In the spring, nitrogen fertilizers are applied, in the fall - potassium and phosphorus
fertilizers. But a large amount of fertilizers for pears is no less dangerous than a lack. Therefore, it is recommended to apply nitrogen and potassium compounds every 2 years, and phosphorus compounds every 4 years. For a pear, regular application of nitrogen is important for the first 3 years, then the amount of this substance is reduced.

The approximate rate of nutrient consumption per 1 m2 is as follows:

The root system of an adult tree occupies approximately 8 m2. In a pear at the age of 4 years it is 2 times smaller. In accordance with these dimensions, the rate of fertilizer application per tree is calculated.

Whitewash

Another important event that is simply necessary when growing pears is whitewashing. It protects plants from sunburn. Since white color is characterized by reflection of light, overheating in hot weather is simply impossible for a pear.

Another purpose of regular whitewashing is to protect against pests. The substance has a detrimental effect on insects.

Whitewashing protects plants from sunburn

Prevention and protection against pests and diseases

Despite the fact that the Wonderful pear variety has good immunity, the tree can also be attacked by harmful insects and affected by diseases of various natures. If the plant is not taken care of, the risk of damage increases.

There are two ways to solve the problem:

• treatment of culture after damage;
• disease prevention or pest protection.

The second option is more effective, since many diseases are practically incurable or plant restoration will be very long and labor-intensive. Therefore, preventing damage is easier and more effective.

Prevention of pear diseases consists of performing 2 sets of measures:

1. Treatment of trees with special preparations.
2. Carrying out sanitary work. They should be aimed at eliminating conditions favorable for the proliferation of bacteria and infectious agents.

Preventive treatments are carried out in spring and autumn. At the beginning of the season, spraying is carried out in 3 stages:

• at the beginning of sap flow;
• before flowering;
• after flowering ends.

Preventive treatment of pears is carried out in spring and autumn.
When treating, you can use copper sulfate, urea, colloidal sulfur, Bordeaux mixture, iron sulfate, special preparations (Topaz, Clean Garden, Skor, HOM). But these drugs are toxic and can harm humans. It is more advisable to use biological agents that do not pose a danger:

• Phytodoctor;
• Riverm;
• Nemabact;
• Fitosporin-M;
• Fitoverm;
• Planriz;
• Mikosan;
• Lepidocide.

Sanitary measures include timely weeding, removal of fruit residues, rotten leaves, monitoring the condition of the bark, where parasites can overwinter.

Reviews from gardeners

Zoya from Pskov grows pears for sale. The Miracle Pear is a very successful fruit in this regard. Its care is minimal, and the harvest is stable. The tree gave its first harvest, 15 kg, in the fourth year after planting. Now the trees have reached seven years of age and produce 50-70 kg of fruit. Pears are beautiful, fragrant, easily transported and stored, but, most importantly, they are in great demand, especially when fully ripe.

Lina from Tambov is very pleased with the Miraculous, which gives a decent harvest. Pears have an excellent taste and are stored until the end of the first winter month. Freezing was not noticeable even after winters with little snow.

Peter from the Moscow region writes that the pear is simply ideal for those summer residents who do not have the opportunity to constantly care for the tree. He visits the dacha no more than 2 times a month. The work consists of watering and treating for pests. In the fall, the pear produces a wonderful harvest, and the whole family eats pears until the New Year holidays.

Alexey has a small farm where he grows pears, including Miraculous. He was more pleased with it than with other varieties. He found out about her about seven years ago.

First, one tree was planted. It grew quickly, so the shoots had to be shortened every year. Already in the third year he received his first harvest and collected 16 kg of pears.

After two years, the harvest doubled, and in the seventh year 65 kg were harvested from the tree. After this, there was a desire to plant the remaining area with pear trees.

Reproduction

Wonderful pear can be propagated both vegetatively and by seed. There are no difficulties when planting seeds at an early stage of cultivation. But after the culture grows up, stops in development are often observed. Yes, and achieving high yields from a tree that was planted with seeds is much more difficult.

Vegetative propagation is a reliable way to obtain good harvests

Vegetative propagation is possible in 2 ways:

1. By cuttings. In winter, choose a strong branch, make several breaks, and wrap it with a plaster. In winter, connective tissue will concentrate here, which will ensure rapid germination. In the spring, cuttings are made from a selected branch and placed in a container of water. After the roots appear, the cuttings are planted to grow seedlings.
2. Air layering. A box with nutrient soil is placed under the tree. Strips are cut on the lower branch, lowered into a box and secured. To speed up the rooting process, water the soil with Kornevin solution. Layers are separated only next spring.
3. Kidneys. Root shoots often appear near an adult tree. These are young shoots that grow from dormant buds of the root system. Young shoots are dug up in mid-summer or early spring.

You can use root shoots only for a pear that grows from the roots and is not grafted onto another tree. They also choose seedlings with a well-developed root system (they usually grow at a distance of 2-3 m from the parent tree).

Vegetative propagation is used more often in home gardening. This is a more reliable and cheaper way to get good harvests.

Planting and care

It is best to plant young plants of both winter and summer Duchess in the second ten days of April. Experts advise to engage in planting activities before the buds bloom on the tree. The seedlings should not be deepened too much, otherwise they will die.

If the soil is not fertilized, you need to add black soil. The soil composition can be improved by adding compost with peat. A cone is formed from this mixture, after which the roots of the young pear are distributed there. The tree needs strong support to protect it from the wind. The garter is made in the shape of a figure eight so as not to damage the seedling.

A very important nuance of care is mulching. It protects the soil from negative climatic conditions and temperature changes. To do this, take weeds, good humus and straw.

Diseases and pests

The Wonderful pear variety has excellent immunity and good resistance to diseases and pests. With proper care, the plant is rarely affected, but problems cannot be ruled out.

The most dangerous for the tree is the pear borer. Its appearance will be signaled by a sooty coating on the leaves. As a result, flowers become deformed and the ovary falls off. If measures are not taken, the harvest will be lost and the tree will weaken.

The most dangerous for the tree is the pear borer.

A pear can also suffer from aphids, moths, moths, moths, cutworms, cutworms, leaf rollers and other pests.

No less dangerous are the diseases that sometimes affect a tree in the absence of proper care. The most common:

• fruit rot;
• scab;
• black cancer;
• bacteriosis;
• powdery mildew;
• bacterial burn;
• cytosporosis;
• sooty fungus and others.

Special chemicals are used for treatment. If the lesion is not too extensive, then bactericidal drugs can be used.

Description and characteristics

Traditionally, the description of any variety of fruit tree includes the botanical characteristics of the tree, as well as the commercial qualities of the fruit, because both play a role in deciding whether to plant a plant on your site.

Description of the tree

The Miracle Tree is distinguished by the following features:

Did you know? Springerle (Springerle) - the famous German cookies with an image in the form of relief - are prepared using special molding boards, which are traditionally made only from pear wood.

Description of fruits

Among the features of Chudesnitsa pears, the following main points should be highlighted:

Flowering and fruiting times

Like other autumn-ripening pears, Miracle begins to bloom around the beginning of May, when the likelihood of late spring frosts is already low. The harvest reaches technical ripeness in early September, biological ripeness after about 2 weeks.

Typically, pears of this variety are picked green and left to ripen for 30 days. This allows you to protect the crop from shedding and extend its shelf life.

A young seedling begins to bear fruit approximately in the fifth year after planting, which is considered a good indicator for a pear, and, with good care, this can last for 5–7 decades.

Variety resistance

Miracle has excellent winter hardiness. During selection tests, the tree was subjected to freezing in laboratory conditions to a temperature of -38°C, which is practically unrealistic for the middle zone to which the variety is aimed.

The result turned out to be very impressive: the bark and main tissues of the Miraculous were not damaged at all by the frost, and the educational tissue (the so-called cambial layer) suffered only slightly.

Important! The declared characteristics of the variety as winter-hardy led to the attempts of some gardeners to plant Chudesnitsa in regions with obviously more severe winters than the authors of the variety planned. The experiments were unsuccessful: the pear wood was severely damaged by frost

Miraculous also has good immunity to fungal diseases and pests; in particular, scab, rust and pear borer - the worst enemies of the orchard - almost do not affect this variety.

The tree's resistance to adverse weather conditions is another merit of the authors of the Miraculous.

Harvest and storage

Chudesnitsa pear fruits reach maturity in mid-August. To extend the shelf life, after full ripening, you should leave them on the tree for another 7-10 days. Only after this period is the finished harvest removed from the branches.

Fruit ripening can also be done at home. To do this, the collected pears are laid out in a dark place in one layer. They are left like this for 2-3 weeks.

If the goal is to preserve the crop for as long as possible (for example, until mid-winter), then after harvesting the fruit is placed immediately in a cellar or other cool room. The pear is laid out with the stalk facing up, trying to minimize the contact of the fruit.

The temperature should be several degrees above 0. It is important to have protection from sunlight and regular air circulation. It is also important that the temperature does not fluctuate.

For long-term storage, the temperature should be several degrees above 0

For longer storage, the pear is cut and dried or frozen in plastic bags.

Planting and care

The Chudesnitsa variety is unpretentious in cultivation and undemanding to soils.

Grows well in fertile, fertilized and drained soils. Does not like excessive watering and stagnation of moisture in the ground.

Pear Miracle prefers abundant sun rays. Therefore, its crown needs constant professional pruning.

Thanks to this procedure, the fruits become larger, juicier, with a beautiful blush. Tree pruning should be done in the fall.

In this case, each skeletal stem should contain two or three fruiting branches.

Correct formation of foliage provides a free approach to the tree for harvesting and spraying the crown against pests.

With unstable and incorrect pruning, increased tree growth occurs and a significant reduction in yield.

Watch the video on how to properly prune pear trees.