TOP 50 varieties of cucumbers for open ground in 2022 - photo with description

Author: Elena N. https://floristics.info/ru/index.php?option=com_contact&view=contact&id=19 Category: Garden plants Published: March 29, 2017Last edits: January 06, 2021

At the end of winter, seeds of all crops grown in the garden appear for sale in garden pavilions, shops and markets, among which cucumbers occupy one of the most honorable places. The number of varieties offered can baffle even experienced gardeners.

Characteristics of cucumber varieties

To determine which varieties to prefer, you need to correctly set your priorities, and for this you need to understand what varieties generally exist in the culture. Without going into the professional subtleties on which the classification of cucumber varieties is based, we will try to introduce you to the most important characteristics of these vegetables. So, varieties of cucumbers are divided into the following categories:

• growing region: for each region there are zoned varieties that cope better than others with weather conditions and diseases and pests common in a certain area;
• planting location: there are varieties of cucumbers for open ground and for protected ground - greenhouses, hotbeds and for growing on a windowsill or balcony;
• ripening speed: according to this criterion, varieties are divided into early, middle (mid-ripening) and late, as well as intermediate - mid-early and mid-late;
• type of pollination: from this point of view, varieties are parthenocarpic, that is, not requiring pollination at all, bee-pollinated and self-pollinated;
• purpose: there are cucumbers suitable only for fresh consumption, there are those intended for processing, that is, for pickling or pickling, and there are universal varieties, consumed both fresh and processed;
• crop selection: varieties and hybrids of cucumbers are distinguished. The advantages of the varieties are that they retain their distinctive qualities in several generations and are suitable for processing, but the disadvantages can be considered a small number of ovaries, too large fruits that quickly turn yellow and outgrow. The advantages of hybrids (F1) are small fruits, several ovaries in one bosom (arranged in a bunch), early fruiting, bright coloring, and in addition, the hybrid greens retain their good appearance for a long time and do not turn yellow. The disadvantages of hybrid cucumbers are the higher cost of seeds and the preservation of the properties of the variety in only one generation;
• type of flowering: it can be mixed, female or predominantly female;
• fruit size: according to this criterion, cucumbers are divided into gherkins, whose greens are no more than 8 cm long, and salad cucumbers, whose length reaches 20-25 cm or more;
• fruit color: the vast majority of cucumbers have a green fruit color, but there are varieties of white cucumbers, and they differ from green ones only in color and a complete lack of bitterness. There are also red cucumbers, but in our gardens they grow like weeds;
• the nature of the surface of the greens: cucumbers are large-tubercular and small-tubercular, and the spines on them are white or black. There are also thornless varieties of cucumbers;
• growing method: bush, short-climbing (usually a sign of early varieties), medium-climbing, which is more typical of mid-ripening varieties, and long-climbing - represented, as a rule, by late varieties. There are varieties with the so-called bunched ovary formation, in which up to 7 cucumbers can form in one axil. The method of growing cucumbers also depends on the formation of pinching of the bush;
• productivity: there are less, more and very productive varieties of cucumbers;
• resistance to diseases and pests: this is a very important characteristic. You should know that the earlier cucumbers ripen, the lower their resistance to diseases, that is, in early cucumbers it will definitely be lower than in late varieties.

Varieties of cucumbers for greenhouses - early, late and best

Zozulya

An early ripening variety, which is one of the outstanding achievements of Soviet selection. Suitable for growing in different Russian regions. The bushes are large, the branches are of medium length. Fruiting is prolonged, but the maximum harvest occurs in the first month. The pulp of the fruit is dense and juicy. Zozulya is more suitable for fresh consumption.

Cucumbers are suitable for long-term storage and transportation over long distances. They demonstrate resistance to cucumber mosaic virus and blight.

The seed does not ripen, so you need to purchase new seeds every year.

Varieties of cucumbers for open ground

Early varieties of cucumbers

Early varieties are considered to be those in which 32 to 44 days pass from the moment of germination to the first harvest of greens. Well-known early varieties include:

• Masha is the earliest universal parthenocarpic hybrid variety, resistant to cladosporiosis, viral mosaic and powdery mildew. Zelentsy of this variety reach a length of 8 to 11 cm;
• Rodnichok is a bee-pollinated pickling variety with bitter-free fruits weighing up to 120 g;
• Connie is a disease-resistant, productive parthenocarpic hybrid variety of universal use with white-thorned cylindrical greens that are devoid of bitterness;
• Champion is also a productive hybrid parthenocarpic variety, resistant to diseases, with large tuberculate fruits intended for processing;
• Herman is one of the most popular universal parthenocarpic hybrids, resistant to cladosporiosis and downy mildew and is a vigorous plant with dark green white-thorned cylindrical large-tubercular fruits up to 12 cm long.

In addition to those described, early varieties and hybrids include Kurazh, New Nezhinsky, Kustovoy, Vyaznikovsky 37, Konkurent, Miranda, Ira, Emerald Potok, Delicatesny, Corinna, Gherkin Madame, Alligator, Karelsky and others.

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Medium varieties of cucumbers

Mid-season cucumber varieties include those that ripen in 45 to 50 days. The most popular of them include:

• Nezhinsky 12 is one of the best pickling bee-pollinated varieties, characterized by its ease of care and resistance to bacteriosis and olive spot. Greens of this variety, short, black-thorned, with large tubercles, excellent taste, weighing from 80 to 110 g and 10-12 cm long, ripen on long-climbing bushes;
• Son of the Regiment is a universal bee-pollinated hybrid, resistant to mosaic, scab and powdery mildew. This is a medium-branched and medium-sized plant with a predominantly female type of flowering. The cucumbers are oval, white-thorned, large and sparsely tuberous, up to 8 cm long, with short light stripes, do not turn yellow for a long time and do not outgrow. They are collected for canning pickles and gherkins. The variety has high taste and the ability to bear fruit for a long time;
• Far Eastern 27 is a medium-branched, productive and drought-resistant pickling variety for universal use with elongated light green with white stripes large-tubercular greens of excellent taste, 11-15 cm long, 4-5 cm in diameter and weighing 100-200 g. The cucumbers have thick black spines;
• Nezhinsky local is one of the best pickling varieties, bee-pollinated, resistant to the cucumber mosaic virus and olive blotch, highly branched and vigorous, with mixed flowering type. Coarsely tuberous, ovoid, with sparse black thorns, excellent-tasting greens reach a weight of 80-110 g and are used not only for canning, but also for salads;
• The new phoenix is ​​a cold-resistant bee-pollinated variety that is resistant to powdery mildew, downy mildew and unfavorable weather conditions. Cucumbers are dark green with short blurry stripes.

In addition to those described, such mid-season varieties of cucumbers are known as Malysh, Pogrebok, Moth, Phoenix Plus, Sunny, Stepnoy, Levadny, White Delicacy, High-Yielding 86, Farmer, Nugget, Ruslan 95, Nerosimy 40 and hybrids Moravian Gherkin, Russian Style, Picas, White Angel, Raphael and others.

Late varieties of cucumbers

Late varieties of cucumbers take more than 50 days to ripen. Among the most famous late-ripening varieties:

• Chinese climbing plant is a medium-branched and long-climbing plant of mixed flowering type with cylindrical green leaves 10-12 cm long and weighing 100-130 g. Among the advantages of the variety are stable yield, resistance to downy mildew and low temperatures, high pickling quality;
• Chinese miracle is a universal-purpose variety, ripening in up to 70 days, with cylindrical, thin-skinned, sparsely tuberous and slightly curved greens up to 59 cm long;
• Khrust is a high-yielding hybrid variety for universal use, characterized by long-term fruiting and disease resistance. Greens of this variety, 8-10 cm long and weighing 60-80 g, have crispy, juicy flesh without bitterness and excellent taste;
• Nezhinsky is a bee-pollinated, productive pickling variety that is resistant to drought and disease and is characterized by long-term fruiting. Black-thorned greens of this variety, weighing 90-110 g and 9-13 cm long, have an excellent taste and aroma, but if they are left on the bush, they quickly outgrow;
• Relay is a bee-pollinated hybrid fruitful salad variety, which is grown in open ground only in warm regions. Greens of excellent taste with delicate glossy skin grow from 14 to 23 cm in length and weigh from 140 to 230 g.

The best varieties of cucumbers

Of the early ripening varieties, the best are considered to be Kustovoy, Altaiskiy ranniy, Vyaznikovskiy 37, Rodnichok, hybrids Masha, Lastochka, New Nezhinskiy, Konny, Champion, Courage and German.

Among the mid-season varieties - Adam, Director, Kibria, Chinese heat-resistant, Claudia, Mother-in-law, Barrel salting, Far Eastern 27, Phoenix plus, hybrids Amur, Libelle, Moravian gherkin, Russian style.

Among the late varieties, the good ones are Phoenix 640, Kapelka, Aquarius, Pobeditel, Donskoy 175, Brigadny, Vladivostoksky, Nezhinsky Local, Chinese Miracle, and the hybrid Relay.

Alligator

An early ripening hybrid with a lot of positive qualities. It is better to choose a sunny place for planting with a low groundwater level. The harvest ripens 46-49 days after emergence. The fruits are elongated, cylindrical in shape. Fruiting is extended over time. It is not worth keeping greens in the beds so that they do not lose their taste. The yield per square meter is 15 kg of product.

The alligator tolerates drought well, as it has a developed root system. Has stable immunity to cucumber mosaic and powdery mildew. May suffer from pests (aphids, spider mites and others). To combat parasites, it is recommended to use Bordeaux mixture.

Self-pollinating cucumber varieties

Statistics say that gardeners prefer to grow self-pollinating varieties of cucumbers for open ground, since they, compared to parthenocarpic varieties, have a brighter taste and aroma, and besides, the early, most valuable cucumbers belong precisely to this type of pollination. Parthenocarpic varieties are often planted in greenhouses in which there are no insects that pollinate cucumber flowers, since these cucumbers do not need pollination for successful fruiting. However, the fruits of parthenocarpic cucumbers do not form seeds.

Growing cucumbers in a greenhouse - planting and care

Self-pollinating cucumbers are considered to be those whose flowers have both male and female reproductive organs - both pistil and stamens, so pollination occurs independently within one plant, and as a result, fruits with seeds are formed.

The best self-pollinating varieties can be considered the following:

• Gerda is a mid-early universal gherkin variety characterized by high germination and disease resistance. Its greens of excellent taste grow up to 10 cm in length;
• Friendly Family is also a mid-early, versatile, unpretentious and disease-resistant variety with dense greens up to 12 cm long, which do not have a bitter taste;
• White Angel is a universal, productive hybrid variety with white cucumbers 6-8 cm long and weighing 60-70 g. The tubercles are sparse, there is no bitterness;
• Zadavaka is a universal gherkin bunch hybrid with large-tuberous greens of a beautiful shape, dark green in color with blurred white stripes. The thorns are black, there is no bitterness in the taste. This variety bears fruit until frost;
• Spring is a universal, medium-branched variety, resistant to disease, with short green leaves of a sweetish taste.

As a rule, self-pollinating varieties of cucumbers, like parthenocarpic varieties, are grown in greenhouses, but not because they cannot grow and bear fruit in a garden bed under the sun, but because there are no pollinating insects in greenhouses. There are, of course, self-pollinating varieties exclusively for greenhouses, but for the most part these cucumbers grow just as successfully in open ground.

Hermann

An early ripening parthenocarpic hybrid, bred by breeders from Holland. The seeds have a beautiful green color. Plants are medium-sized, determinate. The first fruits ripen already 38-42 days after the leaves appear. Subject to proper agrotechnical measures, up to 20 kg of vegetables are harvested from one square meter.

It should be noted that Herman is resistant to diseases, but does not tolerate heat and cold. It is important to constantly maintain soil moisture. When watering, only warm water is used.

Bunch varieties of cucumbers

Bundle cucumbers have one feature that distinguishes them from other varieties: they form several ovaries in one node, and their number depends on factors such as growing conditions (that is, the amount of sunlight received by the plant), growing location (greenhouse or open ground ) and the general condition of the plant. In recent years, bunch varieties have been rapidly gaining popularity, and the most famous of them are:

• Vyuga is a quickly ripening, high-yielding parthenocarpic hybrid with a female type of flowering, forming in one ovary up to 4-5 elliptical fruits of dark green color with yellow stripes, growing up to 8 cm in length and gaining a mass of 60-70 g. The surface of the greens is covered with large tubercles and brown pubescence;
• Detinets is an early ripening, highly productive parthenocarpic hybrid variety with a predominantly female flowering type, in all axils of which, except the first, up to five ovaries are formed. The cylindrical green fruits of Detinets with light yellow stripes reach a length of 10-12 cm, weigh 90-120 g and have an excellent taste. Their skin is covered with small tubercles and light brown spines;
• Boy-thumb is a productive and versatile parthenocarpic variety resistant to olive spot, powdery mildew and downy mildew, forming 3-6 ovaries in the axils. Greens of this variety, 8-10 cm long, bright green with white spines and large tubercles, have a good taste;
• Master is a hybrid parthenocarpic of the gherkin type with a female type of flowering, resistant to temperature fluctuations and forming up to 6 ovaries in one node. Dense elliptical fruits with crispy tasty pulp, no more than 12 cm long and weighing from 80 to 110 g, are covered with a dark green peel with white spines and frequent tubercles. No bitterness is felt either in the pulp or in the peel;
• Okhotny row is a universal hybrid parthenocarpic of the gherkin type with a female type of flowering, resistant to all diseases except powdery mildew, and forming from 2 to 6 ovaries in the axils. The cucumbers of this variety are cylindrical, tuberculate, white-spiked, 8-11 cm long, of excellent taste.

Such bunched cucumber varieties as Robin Hood, King of the Beds, hybrids Junior Lieutenant, Three Tankmen, Buyan, Chistye Prudy, Maryina Roshcha, Machaon, Labyrinth, Calendar and others have also proven themselves well.

Briefly about the main thing

When planting any crop, you should focus on the weather conditions of the region. To do this, you can analyze the weather of past years and get an overall picture by deciding on the date. Then comes the waiting process. As soon as the thermometer does not drop below +5°C for 5-7 days, it means it’s time to open the summer season. In the middle zone, this is approximately the month of May or the beginning of June. However, sowing seeds for seedlings in a greenhouse is carried out 2-3 weeks before.

In parallel with this, the farmer needs to resolve four important issues:

• planting site (garden, balcony or greenhouse);
• harvest time (one of the summer months);
• duration of fruiting;
• For what purposes are they grown: pickling, canning, selling or eating fresh cucumbers.

The gardener must calculate the approximate date for transferring the seedlings to open ground and count back 21 days from it. In total, it will be mid-March or early April. This will be the approximate time for sowing seeds for seedlings.

Having decided on these points, the summer resident should pay attention to the characteristics of some varieties of greens. For example, early varieties of cucumbers bear fruit for a relatively short period. At the same time, their fruits can suffer from various pests and diseases. Nevertheless, the advantages of such crops include the fact that after 40-50 days you can enjoy the first harvest.

The taste of these hybrids and early ripening varieties is special because their peel does not produce bitterness. Some of them can even be canned or pickled. However, it is important to understand that in the middle zone they are threatened by diseases that affect cucumbers. Then the farmer will have to fight true/downy mildew or bacteriosis. In view of this, it is important to choose the right variety of crop for your land.

Some housewives practice sowing half of their “plantations” with varieties specifically for pickling, and leaving the other half for universal or salad varieties.

The most productive varieties of cucumbers

Productivity is a relative sign, since it depends not only on the variety, but also on other factors - weather conditions, soil composition, quality of care. However, there are varieties that even in less than ideal conditions produce good yields, and most often these are hybrids. The following high-yielding varieties of cucumbers are known in garden culture:

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• resident is an early-ripening hybrid variety of medium height and medium branching with a predominantly female type of flowering. It has green cylindrical fruits weighing up to 90 g. From one m² of plot you can get 13-14 kg of fruits;
• Dasha is a bee-pollinated hybrid, resistant to bacteriosis and powdery mildew, with dark green white-spined elongated cylindrical tuberculate greens up to 10 cm long and weighing up to 115 g;
• Krepysh is a bee-pollinated hybrid resistant to powdery mildew and peronosporosis with short tuberculate cucumbers weighing 70-100 g with white pubescence. From 1 m² of bed you can collect up to 12 kg of greens;
• Dvoryansky is a mid-early bee-pollinated hybrid with a predominantly female type of flowering, resistant to bacteriosis, anthracnose, ascochyta blight, viral infection and olive spot. Light green, finely tuberculated and white-thorned greens reach a length of 10-13 cm, and weigh 100-110 g. Up to 14 kg of fruits are collected from one m²;
• Pinocchio is a cold-resistant parthenocarpic hybrid with a predominantly female type of flowering and a bouquet (beam) arrangement of ovaries, of which up to 6 are formed in one axil. Dark green, elongated, cylindrical, large-lumpy greens, reaching a length of 8-9 cm and weighing about 100 g, are devoid of bitterness. The yield is up to 13 kg per 1 m² of area.

In addition to those described, such productive varieties of cucumbers for open ground are known as Suzanna, Altaisky early 166, Muromsky 36, Voronezhsky, Khrustishchiy, Izyashchny, Kustovoy, hybrids Sparta, Raznosol, Murashka, Rodnichok and others.

How we chose

When choosing nominees, Vyborexperta.Ru specialists considered not only the characteristics of the crop, but also customer reviews and the opinions of authoritative breeders.

When compiling the rating, the following features were taken into account:

• Region of cultivation;
• Plant type – indeterminate or determinate;
• Soil and climate requirements;
• Year of entry into the state register;
• Place of cultivation - open/indoor ground, window sill, balcony;
• Cultivation method - shifts or seedling method;
• Disembarkation scheme;
• Weather resistance;
• Productivity;
• Presentation, transportability, keeping quality;
• Taste qualities of the pulp;
• Color, length, weight and shape of greens;
• Features of the peel – presence/absence of bumps, spines, thickness;
• Number and softness of seeds.

When choosing the best varieties of cucumbers for open ground, the versatility of the fruit was also taken into account - the possibility of using them in fresh cutting, pickling and pickling.

Resistant varieties of cucumbers

Sometimes in a rainy, cool summer, gardeners may be left without cucumbers, since cold and dampness contribute to the development of fungal infections - rot, anthracnose, bacteriosis, powdery mildew, peronospora and other diseases. But if you grow varieties that can resist these diseases, the risk of losing your harvest will be much less. Currently, thanks to the work of breeders, many varieties and hybrids that are resistant to diseases have been developed, among which the most famous are:

• Pasadena is a mid-early pickling parthenocarpic of the female flowering type, resistant to powdery mildew, cladosporiosis and mosaic, with white-thorned cylindrical green fruits 6-9 cm long and weighing 60-80 g of excellent taste;
• Octopus is a bee-pollinated pickling hybrid, resistant to olive spot, powdery mildew, downy mildew and viral mosaic. Rich green large-tubercular and white-thorned cylindrical fruits up to 9 cm long are devoid of bitterness;
• Benefit is a universal, early-ripening, self-pollinating hybrid with a female type of flowering and a bouquet arrangement of ovaries, of which there can be up to 8 in one axil. The variety is very resistant to downy mildew, powdery mildew and root rot. Crispy, excellent-tasting fruits are devoid of bitterness;
• Chinese disease-resistant - resistant to all typical cucumber diseases and low light, a mid-early high-yielding hybrid with dark green large-tubercular cylindrical fruits up to 35 cm long with excellent taste;
• Ibn-Sina is a mid-season parthenocarpic of the female flowering type, immune to root rot and powdery mildew. 2-4 ovaries are formed in each node. Cylindrical, dark green, smooth and shiny greens, 15-17 cm long and weighing up to 180 g, are eaten fresh.

In addition to those described, the hybrid varieties Knyazhna, Leandro, Primadonna, Sister Alyonushka, Nightingale, Sudar, Rodnichok, Phoenix plus, Zhuravlenok, Golubchik, Lastochka, Murashka, Alekseich, Sekret Firma, Ant, Boy-with-Thumb, Noble and other.

Review of common cucumber diseases

Any diseases of cucumbers are expressed by characteristic spots on the plant, and sometimes even on the fruit. One of the reasons is nature itself. Sudden changes in temperature from the coolness of the night to the heat of the day are detrimental to the plant. Another reason, without knowing it, is the person himself. By watering beds with cucumber seedlings with cold water, the gardener creates favorable conditions for the development of various diseases.

Let's look at the most common diseases of cucumbers and briefly familiarize ourselves with control methods:

• Powdery mildew can be easily identified by white spots on the front side of cucumber leaves. At first they are small, but over time they grow quickly, affecting all the leaves. You can save the plant at the initial stage of stain development. To do this, prepare a solution of two parts chalk plus one part colloidal sulfur and treat all the plantings in the garden bed. After 7 days, and then at such intervals until cure, the plants are treated with a solution prepared from 10 liters of water and 15 g of sulfur. Instead of sulfur, you can add 100 g of liquid soap and 7 g of copper sulfate to the same amount of water.

• Downy mildew, scientifically called peronosporosis, is expressed on the leaves of the plant by similar spots only yellow in color. Sometimes a gray or purple coating may also appear on the back of the leaf. The drug “Ridomil” or “Ordan” can prevent such diseases. They are used according to the instructions included in the package.

• White rot spreads throughout the plant, from the stem near the ground to the upper leaves. It is easy to identify a cucumber disease by its white, slippery coating. This often occurs due to untimely removal of old foliage. When the first signs are detected, the plants are immediately sprinkled with dusty lime or chalk. You can treat it with copper sulfate by dissolving 5 g of powder in 1 liter of water. The affected parts of the plant only need to be removed, there is no other way out.

• Root rot develops on the lower part of the plant, affecting the stem and foliage. The cause of the cucumber's malaise is the cold water used from the well for irrigation. The plant begins to acquire a brown tint and gradually withers. Preventive watering with a solution of the drug “Previkur”, every 14 days, will help prevent the appearance of rot on cucumbers.

• Anthracnose is expressed as yellow spots, turning into sores, on the stems and foliage of the plant. Over time, the fruit itself is affected by pinkish ulcers. For treatment, Bordeaux mixture with a consistency of 1% or a solution of 40 g of copper oxychloride per 10 liters of water is suitable.

• Angular spotting or another name is bacteriosis. The disease is expressed by brown spots on the foliage of the plant and damage to the fruit by rotten sores of a brown hue. The control methods are the same as for anthracnose.

• Mosaic affects mainly young cucumber foliage, making it wrinkled and brown in color. Such plants cannot be cured; it is better to destroy them. The disease can be prevented by preventing open ground. Copper sulfate is added once a year in the fall or spring.

• Olive blight covers the fruit with rotten sores. Spots of a similar brown color appear on the stems and foliage of the plant. After three days, the spots begin to turn black and increase in diameter. This disease is more common in greenhouses due to a lack of fresh air with little ventilation. Less common on open ground plants. To control cucumber plantings, they are treated with the drug “Fundazol” or a 1% solution of Bordeaux mixture.

Even the most disease-resistant varieties can be affected by one of the ailments. To get a good harvest, it is important to identify the disease at the initial stage and remember about prevention.

The video shows tips for combating cucumber disease:

Bush varieties of cucumbers

It is worth noting that bush cucumbers look very attractive: a compact leafy bush about half a meter high with numerous ovaries. As a rule, all bush varieties are early ripening, they are easy to care for and easy to harvest. The most famous bush varieties are:

• Baby is a bush 30-40 cm high with ellipsoid-shaped dark green large-tubercular and white-thorned fruits of universal use 8-9 cm long. The variety is resistant to powdery mildew and mosaic;
• Bush - a bee-pollinated variety with a bush height of 50-70 cm and elongated dark green cucumbers 9-12 cm long of excellent taste, which remain fresh and green for a long time;
• Shorty is a universal bee-pollinated variety up to 45 cm high with oval or cylindrical light green fruits with a calico pattern or small stripes. Zelentsy reach a length of 9-10 cm, they have a delicate peel, and they do not turn yellow for a long time;
• Hector is a compact hybrid variety with bunched ovaries and fragrant, crispy, large-tubercular cylindrical greens with white pubescence;
• Malyshok is an early ripening variety with dark green cucumbers weighing up to 80-90 g in the shape of an egg with white pubescence and large tubercles.

Bush varieties also include Izyashchny, Nerosimy 40, Konkurent, Vyaznikovsky, Nezhinsky and others.

Personal garden on the balcony

The gardener instinct manifests itself in many city dwellers. However, due to busy schedules and remote rural areas, turning your ideas into reality is not so easy. This problem can be solved very simply. To do this, you just need to choose the best varieties of cucumbers for the balcony. As a result, the crunchy sound of biting the greens will give all your neighbors an unprecedented appetite.

“Swallowtail F1” is almost a relative of large butterflies

Balconies, verandas, loggias, and greenhouses can be a great place for this gherkin species. The elongated stem produces short shoots that do not grow. Refined rough leaves look elegant in a home interior. Thanks to their excellent taste, cucumbers are suitable for both salads and pickles. From one node grows up to 10 greens, 7 or 11 cm long (60-100 g each). At the same time, the diameter of the fruit is no more than 3.5 cm. But not only Swallowtail has such characteristics. The following varieties of cucumbers get along well with this crop:

• "Biryusa";
• "Balcony";
• "Elegant";
• "Hummingbird";
• "Unfeminine local."

This description includes only 15 of the best varieties of cucumbers for the middle zone, but there are tens of thousands of them in the world. Yet, without the painstaking work of a gardener, any of them will simply wither away.

Varieties of cucumbers for pickling and canning

Varieties of cucumbers for pickling

How to choose cucumbers for pickling, and how do they differ from salad cucumbers? Firstly, the size - for pickling, fruits are taken no more than 10 cm long. Secondly, they must be highly lumpy and black-spiked, since greens with white spines are not suitable for pickling - they have a rough peel, impenetrable to brine. The best pickling varieties can be considered the following:

• Crispy is a mid-season parthenocarpic variety of female flowering type with single ovaries. The greens of this variety are highly lumpy, black-thorned, up to 15 cm long;
• Murashka is a universal early-ripening hybrid self-pollinating variety with a female type of flowering and bouquet (bunch) formation of ovaries. The fruits of this variety are up to 15 cm long, dark green, highly lumpy;
• Raznosol is a mid-early hybrid parthenocarpic with a female type of flowering. Zelentsy up to 15 cm long, highly lumpy, green;
• Parisian gherkin is an early-ripening bee-pollinated variety with large-tuberous and black-thorned greens 6-10 cm long, weighing 60-90 g, excellent taste without bitterness;
• Salting is an early-ripening, bee-pollinated variety with stable yields of mixed flowering type, resistant to powdery mildew. Zelentsy are large-tubercular, with black pubescence, green with light stripes, cylindrical, 10-11 cm long and weighing 100-125 g.

In addition to those described, the pickling varieties of cucumbers Nezhinsky 12, Muromsky, Movir, Velikolepny, Zador, Alliance, Competitor, Cascade, Erofey, as well as the hybrids Secret of the Firm, Podmoskovnye Vechera, Advance, Julian, Lastochka, Kurazh, Murashka and others have proven themselves well.

Varieties of cucumbers for pickling (canning)

All pickling varieties of cucumbers are also suitable for canning in marinade, however, there are some cucumbers that cannot be salted, but can be pickled. Such varieties are called canned - these cucumbers do not contain the substance that ensures the correct fermentation process during pickling. They are even smaller in size than pickling cucumbers, their flesh is even denser, and the peel is as thin as that of pickling cucumbers. Their main features are strong tuberculation and white spines. Canned varieties of cucumbers include:

• Lyubimchik is an early-ripening bee-pollinated variety with cylindrical dark green cucumbers weighing up to 100 g and up to 10 cm long with short light stripes, large tubercles and white spines;
• Solnechny is a high-yielding mid-season bee-pollinated variety with cylindrical white-spiked and large-tubercular greens 9-11 cm long and weighing up to 130 g;
• Moscow dude is an early-ripening, bee-pollinated and resistant to bacteriosis and cladosporiosis hybrid of a predominantly female flowering type with green, white-striped, tuberous cucumbers with white thorns. The length of the greens is 10-12 cm, weight 90-100 g;
• Adam is an early-ripening hybrid patrenocarpic with cylindrical dark green cucumbers with light stripes and spots, small, densely spaced tubercles and white spines. Weight of greens is 90-95 cm, length 9-10 cm;
• Voyage is a parthenocarpic hybrid variety with a female flowering type. Oval greens with fuzzy light stripes have a lumpy texture and are covered with white spines. Fruit length 10-12 cm, weight 90-110 g.

In addition to those listed, canned varieties of cucumbers include Farmer, Universal, as well as hybrids Amur, Ginga, Alliance, Break and others.

They grow even in the shade

Cucumber varieties that are suitable for shady places deserve a separate description. Each suburban area has a different degree of relief. Because of this, there are areas that are not fully heated by the sun. It is not recommended to plant peppers, tomatoes or eggplants on them. In this situation, there is practically no space left for greens in the garden. Breeders came to the aid of gardeners. They have developed several varieties of cucumbers that “get along” well in shady areas. You need to get to know them better.

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A fairly humid microclimate is created in the shade. The genetic characteristics of this hybrid make it protected from powdery mildew and mold. In turn, only one or two flowers on the stem are pollinated. After 38 days, young fluffy fruits appear in their place. They grow to almost 14 cm and weigh about 120 g. The sharp nose and thin neck of the cucumber harmoniously complement each other. Its greenish skin is covered with sparse and chaotically scattered pimples. The plant is mostly weak-growing, so the harvest ripens early.

“Muromsky 36” - address of the monastery or factory

You can easily plant a whole “prospect” of this crop on the borders of your vegetable garden and orchard. After literally 1.5 months, the greens will be ready to eat. Nevertheless, this hybrid was bred exclusively for salting. The main characteristics of the variety include the following:

• relatively smooth surface covered with small tubercles;
• length no more than 8 cm;
• in cross-section it resembles an ellipse.

Until the 15th of August, the plant bears fruit at an accelerated pace. Per 1 sq. m turns out to be 4 kg. However, later the leaves and stems become infected with fungal diseases, which is why the crop gradually disappears.

Harvesting must be done in a short time. The peel literally takes on a yellowish tint within a day. Therefore, they need to be picked as often as possible.

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The yield of this hybrid species is more than 16 kg per square meter. This is despite the fact that it grows in partial shade. For residents of the middle zone, this variety is a real find. A gorgeous fruit with several tubercles reaches 14 centimeters in length. The advantages of this culture are:

• female type of flowering (no need for pollination);
• shoots weave strongly;
• branches are located on a powerful stem;
• almost simultaneous maturation.

Still, these greenies are afraid of a sharp drop in temperature, and therefore are not suitable for the autumn-winter season.

They can be grown using a trellis method or by building a base in the shape of a hut.

Cucumber varieties for the Moscow region

In the middle zone, it is recommended to simultaneously grow 3-7 varieties of cucumbers in one bed, both parthenocarpic and bee-pollinated. Traditionally, the best varieties of cucumbers for open ground in the Moscow region are Vyaznikovsky, Altaisky early, Competitor, Nezhinsky local, Urozhayny 86, Soyuz, Nerosimy 40, VIR 85 and hybrids Sovkhozny, Cruise, April, Aquarius, Vzglyad, Movir and Magnificent.

• Movir is a universal late-ripening, high-yielding hybrid with large-lumpy greens up to 12 cm long and weighing 65-75 g, which are good both fresh and pickled;
• Urozhayny 86 is a high-yielding, mid-season, long-climbing, pickling variety with cylindrical, large-tuberous dark green greens with light stripes;
• Sovkhozny is a high-yielding, early-ripening, short-climbing hybrid with small ellipsoidal, finely tuberculated greens, suitable for pickling;
• Nerosimy 40 is a mid-season salad variety, relatively resistant to cladosporiosis, with elongated, ovoid, large-tubercular greens of light green color;
• Vzglyad is an early-ripening, mid-climbing, bee-pollinated, pickling hybrid of the female flowering type, resistant to bacteriosis and peronospora. The greens of this variety are cylindrical, dark green, with sparse black pubescence, weighing up to 110 g and 9-11 cm long. Their pulp is juicy, tender and sweet, with excellent taste.

Such productive varieties of cucumbers as Kustovoy, VIR 505, Rzhevsky local, Zador, hybrids Petersburg Express, Pasalimo, Komponist, Excelsior and others are also successfully grown in the Moscow region.

Brownie

Seeds are sown in open ground after the end of frost. After germination of the plantings, the fruits ripen on the 45th day. Their flesh is crispy and tasty.

Advantages:

• good germination of seed material;
• long fruiting;
• easy care;
• resistance to temperature fluctuations;
• ability to self-pollinate;
• early maturation;
• aesthetic appearance.

One of the mandatory care requirements is the need for timely feeding.

Cucumber varieties for Siberia

Despite the fact that cucumbers are a heat-loving crop, there are varieties adapted to the harsh Siberian conditions that produce excellent yields of salad, canned and pickling cucumbers. Here are some of them:

• Altai is a universal, cold-resistant and high-yielding bee-pollinated canned variety, resistant to disease, with bright green oval-shaped white-thorned fruits up to 10 cm long and weighing 75-80 g;
• Serpentine is an early, short-climbing, highly productive variety, resistant to cucumber diseases, with small, large-tubercular gherkin-type fruits;
• Claudia is a self-pollinating, highly productive universal hybrid of early ripening with finely tuberculated, elegant cylindrical greens 12-15 cm long, devoid of a bitter taste;
• Cascade is a mid-season, highly productive variety with a female type of flowering, resistant to diseases, with tuberculate ellipsoidal dark green fruits 13-15 cm long and weighing up to 100 g;
• Miranda is an early universal hybrid resistant to frost and powdery mildew with medium-sized (11-12 cm) cylindrical, finely tuberculated, aromatic greens weighing up to 120 g. The color of the fruit is rich green with white specks and yellow stripes reaching to the middle of the greens.

The cucumber varieties Manul, Aquarius, Zasolochny, Kudesnik, Kustovoy, Nadezhny and the hybrids Kumir, Afonya, Akter, Pososhok, Appetitny, Aladdin, Katyusha, Saltan, Gypsy, Denek and others also grow and bear fruit well in Siberian conditions.

Growing cucumbers in open ground - planting and care

Cowherd

A variety ideal for growing in open ground. The plant is short-climbing. Productivity is above average. Gherkins are small in size and do not tend to overgrow. Shepherdess is ideal for pickling.

You can increase the yield with the help of proper feeding: Honey feeding for cucumbers Yeast for feeding seedlings

Cucumber varieties for Ukraine

In order to harvest a high yield of cucumbers in the relatively mild and warm Ukrainian climate, varieties that meet these conditions should be grown. The hybrids Anyuta, Amur, Malysh, Katyusha, Debut, varieties Nugget, Stepnoy, Slobozhansky, Izyashny, Aquarius, Dzherelo, Kustovoy, Game, Nezhinsky 13 and many others are in great demand among Ukrainian gardeners.

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• Nezhinsky 13 is a mid-season, bee-pollinated, productive pickling variety with bright green, large-tubercular and black-spiked fruits with aromatic, crispy, dense pulp of excellent taste;
• Slobozhansky is one of the most productive of the early ripening shade-tolerant varieties of Ukrainian selection, a hybrid with predominantly female flowering and cylindrical, bitter-free, large-tubercular green foliage of dark color up to 8 cm long;
• Dzherelo is an early ripening, resistant to bacteriosis, downy mildew and low temperatures, a bee-pollinated pickling variety of Ukrainian selection with cylindrical greens, a tuberculate surface and light stripes up to the middle of the length, which on average is 10-12 cm with a fruit weight of 60-70 g;
• Mirabella is an early-ripening parthenocarpic gherkin hybrid of Dutch selection with very high productivity and a bouquet type of ovary formation. The variety is resistant to olive spot and powdery mildew. The fruits are devoid of bitterness;
• Game is a highly productive mid-season cold-resistant bee-pollinated pickling variety, resistant to downy mildew and bacteriosis, with elongated oval, sparsely pubescent greens 10-11 cm long, devoid of a bitter taste.

Alizar

Early ripening variety. The period from the emergence of seedlings to the ripening of the first fruits is 35-38 days. The plant is vigorous, with a powerful root system. Cucumbers have excellent taste and commercial characteristics. Alizar has good immunity to the most common diseases of vegetable crops.

An early ripening hybrid that takes root well in summer cottages. Seeds for seedlings are sown in early May. From emergence to fruiting, 40-43 days pass. The bushes are of medium length, the fruits grow in bunches of 2-3 pieces.

Advantages:

• early ripening;
• attractive appearance;
• immunity to diseases (perenospora, mosaic, olive spot, etc.).

Recommendations for growing:

• fertilizing with complex mineral fertilizers;
• loosening the soil;
• tying bushes to a support;
• watering 3-4 times a week (daily in hot weather);
• regular weeding.

Country tips: How to feed cucumbers for the first time

Chinese varieties of cucumbers

“Chinese cucumber” is not a variety, but a whole subspecies of cucumbers, which has such features as a bizarre shape and impressive length. The best varieties of Chinese cucumbers include Chinese miracle, Chinese snakes, White delicacy, Emerald flow, Chinese heat-resistant, Chinese cold-resistant, Chinese disease-resistant, Chinese farmer, Alligator, Crocodile Gena, Chinese all-weather, Chinese long-fruited and others.

• Chinese Farmer's is a mid-early universal hybrid, resistant to diseases and unfavorable conditions, unpretentious in care, with powerful branching vines that require tying to a trellis. The fruits of this variety are smooth, thin-skinned, devoid of bitterness, 35-45 cm long;
• Chinese heat-resistant is a high-yielding mid-early hybrid, resistant not only to high temperatures, but also to peronospora, powdery mildew and fusarium. The fruits of this variety are smooth, dark green, lumpy, 30 to 50 cm long, with an excellent aroma and high taste;
• Emerald Flow is a mid-season, highly productive parthenocarpic, weakly climbing hybrid of Russian selection, resistant to powdery mildew and low light, with thin-skinned, dark green, cylindrical, large-tubercular fruits of excellent taste, weighing up to 200 g;
• Alligator is an early-ripening, bee-pollinated, high-yielding canned hybrid, resistant to olive spot, powdery mildew and viral mosaic, with juicy green tuberous thin-skinned cylindrical fruits up to 40 cm long with aromatic juicy and sweetish pulp.

Sparta

The variety gives an early and stable harvest. It has excellent taste characteristics and high yield. The fruits are medium ribbed, large tuberculate. The pulp is juicy and sweetish, even when overripe it does not become bitter. Cucumbers do not tolerate transportation well due to their delicate skin. Sparta demonstrates resistance to most diseases of garden crops.

Related article:

7 fatal mistakes when growing cucumbers that every gardener should avoid

Dutch varieties of cucumbers

The unprecedented popularity of Dutch varieties of cucumbers can be explained by the reliability of the seed: if you bought seeds from Dutch producers, you can be sure that the cucumbers growing from them are guaranteed to be protected from diseases. Dutch varieties also differ in that they are usually self-pollinating or parthenocarpic, productive and do not contain bitterness. The most famous varieties of Dutch selection are:

• Satina is a new early-ripening parthenocarpic gherkin variety that has already gained popularity due to its resistance to downy mildew, cladosporiosis and powdery mildew, high productivity and versatility. The fruits of this variety are green, crispy, with a thin skin;
• Meringue is an early parthenocarpic hybrid of universal use with homogeneous, bitter-free greens of regular cylindrical shape and dark green color;
• Delpina is an early universal, highly productive and resistant to high temperatures and powdery mildew hybrid with light green cylindrical fruits 10-12 cm long with dense juicy pulp, devoid of bitterness;
• Bettina is one of the earliest ripening parthenocarpic hybrids of the gherkin type, resistant to low light, downy mildew, cladosporiosis and powdery mildew. The fruits of this variety are large-tubercular, green, smooth, uniform, cylindrical in shape, 10-12 cm long - have a delicate taste;
• Athena is an early-ripening parthenocarpic hybrid of the gherkin type with large-tuberous green greens, 10-12 cm long, cylindrical in shape with a delicate taste. The hybrid is resistant to olive spot, powdery mildew and downy mildew.

In addition to those described, the Dutch hybrids Media, Yani, Gravina, Puchini, Presto, Kibria, Komponist, Crispina, Marinda, Excelsior, Socrates, Tristan and many others are successfully grown in garden culture.

Son of the regiment

Mid-early high-yielding variety. The main stem is indeterminate. The bushes are medium-climbing, medium-sized. The fruits are gherkin-type, cylindrical in shape, widened at the stalk.

Advantages:

• friendly formation of plants;
• resistance to temperature fluctuations and unfavorable climatic conditions;
• long fruiting period;
• versatility of use;
• resistance to scab.

Disadvantages: the need to fertilize 5-6 times per season

The son of the regiment is suitable for heat treatment and preservation.

Early ripening cucumbers

In small plots, gardeners grow root vegetables and beans, tomatoes and cabbage, but even in a polycarbonate greenhouse they always leave room for early cucumbers.

Diva

Climbing bushes of an early ripening hybrid, bred in Russia, bear fruit abundantly in loggias, on window sills, balconies, and not just in greenhouses. In the leaf axils, 3–8 greens are laid in bunches.

The first Primadonna cucumbers ripen in 35 days, weigh 80–85 g, new fruits are formed before autumn.

Masha

A self-pollinating variety that successfully resists powdery mildew, withstands cold weather, and is highly productive is popular among gardeners. The yield of the Masha hybrid decreases in the fall, and the gherkins, which grow in bunches, have an excellent taste.

See also

Treatment methods for mosaic on cucumbers, preparations and folk remedies for treatment

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Thumb Boy

Many summer residents like the early-ripening variety with female flowers, which does not suffer from mosaic, peronospora, or powdery mildew. Miniature oblong gherkins weigh only 50 g, crispy in pickles, and very tasty.

Basic principles of variety classification

When choosing a crop variety, you need to focus on what the gardener expects from the harvest. The classification is based on several characteristics. For example, if we talk about pollination ability, there are:

1. Parthenocarpic - a class that contains cucumbers without pollination. There are simply no seeds inside cucumbers.
2. Self-pollinating crops contain seeds in their fruits. Inflorescences have a pistil and a stamen.
3. Plant species that are pollinated are not able to bear fruit if there are no insects.

In the classification of cucumbers there are hybrids that can be recognized by the designation F-1. Systematization in this case occurs on the basis of frost resistance.

Expert opinion

Stanislav Pavlovich

Gardener with 17 years of experience and our expert

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There are varieties designed to produce gherkins - small fruits. Pickles are very small cucumbers obtained by stopping the development of the crop.

There are varieties suitable for pickling or salads. Salad cucumbers are distinguished by their oblong, long appearance and smooth skin. They can be stored for a long time, but are absolutely not designed for pickling. Pickled fruits are of a size that allows them to be placed in containers for preservation. The skin of such varieties of crops perfectly absorbs marinade or brine. Without seaming, pickling varieties are not stored for a long time, they dry out and die.

Classification by shape and size: bush plants with a small stem (up to 0.5 m). As a rule, such a crop looks like a bush and quickly produces a harvest.

There are species with bunched ovaries, when up to 10 fruits are observed in a bunch. Most cucumbers ripen early.

Competitor

An early bee-pollinated and the most widespread variety of cucumbers, which stands out for its attractive presentation, rich taste and rich harvest. The advantage of the Competitor is its early maturity: already a month and a half after planting, you can see the first ovaries. It is necessary to remove the fruits in a timely manner, this affects the quality of the fruits and the fruiting period.

The competitor is known for its resistance to the following diseases: olive spots, bacteriosis, and powdery mildew. This crop needs to be provided with timely watering, which promotes its healthy growth and strengthens the immune system.