Cold-resistant varieties of cucumbers for open ground: characteristics, cultivation features, care, reviews, photos

Characteristics of cold-resistant and shade-tolerant varieties of cucumbers

In breeding, there is the concept of frost resistance and cold resistance of a crop. In the first case, the ability of the plant to withstand sub-zero temperatures is implied. Cucumbers do not have these properties, so if seed packets list a characteristic in the description, it is nothing more than an advertising gimmick.

Cucumbers are members of the Cucurbitaceae family and require constant warmth. If the temperature stays within +8ºC for a long time, they stop their growth. Critical indicators are +2ºC…+3ºC, at which plants die. Therefore, the concept of “cold resistance” was introduced for the crop, when the plant is able to withstand slight cold snaps.

On a note!

Cold resistance does not exclude sheltering plants and protecting them from possible frosts. The characteristic only indicates that a particular variety or hybrid is adapted to certain conditions and tolerates adverse weather conditions more easily.

Most cucumbers are hybrids, to which breeders have instilled special characteristics through a long process of painstaking work. The same applies to shade tolerance - the ability of a plant to tolerate a short-term decrease in light without reducing productivity.

Cold-resistant cucumber

Cold-resistant cucumber Cucumber (all articles) Homestead farming Vegetable grower's workshop Home page

October 2005

Author:
© Selection and Seed Production LLC

When studying the effect of low positive and negative temperatures on plant organisms, it is customary to distinguish three types of resistance: frost resistance, cold resistance (cold resistance) and frost resistance.

In contrast to frost resistance - the ability of plants to withstand the effects of negative temperatures in a dormant state, two other types of resistance appear in plants during the period of their active growth, and they should be discussed when it comes to annual crops, including cucumber. At the same time, cold resistance (cold resistance) means the ability of plants to grow at low positive temperatures, the term “freeze resistance” means the ability of plants to withstand sudden short-term effects of negative temperatures (frosts) without a significant decrease in productivity.

In relation to low positive and negative temperatures, three groups of plants can be distinguished:

Non-cold-resistant plants are seriously damaged even at temperatures above 0°C (algae of warm seas, leafy plants of tropical rain forests, including cucumber).
Non-frost-resistant plants - tolerate low temperatures, but freeze out as soon as ice begins to form in the tissues. In the cold season, they increase the osmotic pressure of cell sap and protoplasm, as well as supercooling, which prevents or slows down the formation of ice to about −7°C, and with constant supercooling to lower temperatures (high-altitude tropical plants, subtropical hard-leaved woody plants, palms, succulents, temperate woody evergreens).
Frost-resistant (“ice-resistant”) plants - tolerate extracellular freezing of water and associated dehydration (mosses of all climate zones, perennial plants of areas with cold winters).

Impact of low positive temperatures on cucumber plants

Seedlings have the least resistance to low temperatures (the phase of expanded cotyledons - the appearance of the first true leaf). Subsequently, the cold resistance of cucumber plants increases with age, decreasing slightly for some time after 3-4 weeks of intensive fruiting. Individual organs of cucumber plants also have different resistance to cold. Flowers are the most sensitive, followed in order of increasing cold resistance by roots, leaves (from lower to upper), and lastly, stems.

Zelentsy begin to get damaged at temperatures below +7°C. Watery spots and ulcers appear on the fruits. The optimal storage temperature for commercial crops is +12…+13°C at a relative air humidity of 90-95%; under these conditions, greens can retain consumer qualities for up to 2-3 weeks.

The fact that the root system is more sensitive to cold weather is evidenced by the fact that in unheated greenhouses, cucumber plants stop growing if the soil is cold, despite the fact that the above-ground mass of plants is warm (heated air on sunny days). And vice versa, when the root-inhabited substrate is properly warmed up (for example, steam ridges), plants continue their development in cooling conditions and can tolerate, without any special consequences, a drop in air temperature to +5°...+7C during the day.

At an air temperature of +8...+12°C and below and a soil temperature of +10...+12°C, the growth of cucumbers stops. Exposure to air temperatures of +3...+5°C for 24 hours or more leads to damage and death of plants, which is not due to the formation of ice crystals in the cells.

During cooling, signs of plant response appear within 1 day after the onset of stress. The first symptom: the petioles of the leaves bend down. This phenomenon is designated by the term “epinasty” (epinasty is observed even with a slight cold snap and does not cause damage to plants). Then the cotyledons and older leaves wither first, followed by the younger ones. The leaves turn yellow, the edges of the leaves turn brown and dry out. Withered plants, in which the apical bud is normal, can remain in this state at a low temperature (+6...+8°C), depending on the hybrid, for quite a long time - several days. Then, with a gradual increase in air temperature, the cucumbers can “get better”: their upper part remains alive and the plants begin to grow. However, their rapid transfer to heat (+25...+30°C) causes complete drying and death of the plants.

From a physiological point of view, the cause of damage to plants by cold is a violation of metabolism and the structure of protoplasts (protoplast is the living content of plant cells). The functional activity of cell membranes is disrupted (their permeability decreases), the viscosity of protoplasm increases, chlorophyll is destroyed, the energy balance of cells and water transport from roots to leaves are disrupted. The entry and transport of substances in the plant and the outflow of assimilation products and toxic substances from cells are also hampered. All this leads to the destruction of the plant organism as a whole and a decrease in its viability.

Physiologically weakened plants are more susceptible to pathogens. At low temperatures, cucumbers are more susceptible to viruses. In addition, fungal pathogens of the genera Pythium and Rhizoctonia are activated in cold soil, affecting the roots and root collar.

The degree of negative impact of low positive temperatures on cucumber plants depends on many factors:

on the rate of decrease and subsequent increase in temperature. The higher the speeds indicated, the more damage to the plants;
on growing conditions preceding the cold snap. Hardening of seeds and seedlings, optimal soil moisture, and the absence of strong daytime overheating help to increase cold resistance;
from the selected hybrid. It has long been known that cucumbers of northern origin are more cold-resistant than cucumbers of southern origin. Therefore, when creating modern cold-resistant hybrids, northern genotypes are used. hybrids are characterized by increased cold resistance : Virenta, Saltan, Little Thumb, Anyuta, Moscow Evenings, Farmer, Lord, Faithful Friends, Maryina Roshcha, Chistye Prudy, Makar, Marta, Melnitsa, Be Healthy, Karapuz and a number of others.

Effect of frost on plants

In contrast to the phenomenon of frost resistance (i.e., the ability of plants to tolerate temperatures below 0 ° C), associated mainly with the issue of overwintering, frosts are a big problem for vegetative vegetable, field and melon crops, flowering fruit trees and shrubs.

Late spring and early autumn frosts are a common phenomenon in central Russia. There are three types of frost:

Advective frosts are caused by the invasion of cold arctic air, usually in early spring and late autumn. The duration of such frosts can be several days in a row. Advective frosts have little dependence on the terrain. The difference between the air temperature at the soil surface and at a height of 2 m is insignificant. As a rule, advective frosts do not coincide in time with the growing season of cucumbers in open ground and in unheated greenhouses.
Radiation frosts (morning frosts) - are formed due to strong cooling of the surface of the soil and grass as a result of radiation on quiet, clear nights at low average daily air temperatures. The ground layer of air cools more strongly, it becomes heavier and flows down. Therefore, the most frost-hazardous areas are the lower parts of the northern slopes and closed basins. Radiation freezes are short-lived and can last only a few hours. They are observed at the end of the night, intensifying towards sunrise, and disappear by the beginning of the day. Radiation frosts usually occur in late summer - early autumn and pose a great danger to cucumbers.
Advective-radiation frosts occur as a result of the arrival of cold air and further night cooling of the soil and grass under clear skies. Their duration is 3-5 hours in the early morning. Such frosts occur in late spring, early summer and early autumn and are also very dangerous for cucumber plants.

The reason for damage to heat-loving plants by frost is the formation of ice crystals in the intercellular spaces and cells of plant tissues, and with short-term light frost - hypothermia of plants and physiological disorders. Not a single variety of cucumber, even the most cold-resistant one, due to its tropical origin, can tolerate negative temperatures, since ice (in cucumbers, ice begins to form at a temperature of −1°C) ruptures plant tissue, causing the death of the cucumber plant. After thawing, cell sap flows out of the tissues and the plants wither. If ice has not formed, the plants are more likely to recover. Thus, there are no frost-resistant cucumbers. However, in cold-resistant hybrids during frosts, ice crystallization is observed later in time and at slightly lower temperatures, and plants tolerate low-temperature stress more easily compared to non-cold-resistant cucumbers.

Unlike heat-loving forms, frost-resistant crops (sorrel, horseradish, tarragon, rhubarb, perennial spice herbs, etc.) tolerate ice formation in the intercellular spaces.

If the frost is short-lived and ice crystals have not had time to form, the cucumbers may survive. The ability to tolerate low-temperature stress largely depends on the physiological state of plants, pre-freezing weather conditions, and the rate of cooling and thawing. Therefore, for example, plants of the same hybrid in one case, being hardened, can tolerate a short-term drop in air temperature to -1...-2°C and not die (especially if the soil was warm and did not have time to cool), and in another case, without previous hardening, completely wither at a temperature of +5...+6°C.

Agrotechnical methods of combating frosts

To predict the onset of frost, a device is used - a psychrometer, which can be made at home. Two alcohol-based external thermometers are attached to a plywood board. A jar of water is placed under the right thermometer (at a distance of 3-4 cm below). The alcohol ball of the right thermometer is wrapped in a white cambric cloth, the end of which is dipped into a jar of water. The psychrometer is installed at a height of 2 m or on the soil if soil frost is predicted, and the readings of both thermometers are measured. Using the table, they look at where the temperature lines intersect and determine the possibility of freezing.

Sprinkling. Preventive irrigation by sprinkling (5-10 l/m2) is carried out in the evening - on the eve of frost. Both the soil and plants remain moist at night. Water has low heat transfer and high heat capacity, and thus maintains a positive temperature during freezing periods. The higher the soil moisture, the greater its heat capacity and the more heat it accumulates during the day. In addition, irrigation during frost increases the “dew point” temperature at which dew appears. When dew forms, heat is released and the air temperature can rise by 1.5-2.0 ° C, which delays and weakens frost. However, this method cannot always be used. Thus, evening sprinkling in greenhouses in the second half of summer provokes the appearance of downy mildew, and in late May - early June - the appearance of diseases such as bacteriosis, fusarium, white and gray rot, olive spot, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to grow cucumber hybrids with complex resistance to diseases. All cucumber hybrids of agro selection have this valuable trait.

Smoke. When smoking, a smoke screen is formed, which reduces soil cooling and also protects plants from direct sunlight after sunrise (this reduces the rate of transition from low to high temperatures and increases the likelihood of frozen plants recovering). In addition, moisture condenses on smoke particles, releasing heat. A smoke heap is prepared from flammable materials with the addition of wet grass, leaves, tops, which produce thick smoke with a large amount of water vapor. On the night of frost, the piles are lit when the air temperature drops to +3...+4°C. It is recommended to continue smoking for an hour after sunrise. This technique is carried out both in open and protected ground.

Other methods of combating frost include all agricultural techniques that protect plants from low positive temperatures: growing on steam beds, hardening off seeds and seedlings, growing cucumbers in open ground among tall vegetable crops, covering young plants with birch branches with leaves densely stuck into the ground and etc. Previously, peasants covered cucumber beds with thick mats or matting, which they laid on wooden frames in the shape of a hut before freezing. Cultivation of cucumber in deep furrows was also practiced. To do this, on a flat surface or ridge 20-40 cm high and at least 1 m wide, at a distance of 30 cm from the edges of the ridge, two wide furrows 40-50 cm deep were made, where the seeds were sown. In case of frost, young plants could be covered on top with glass or other material. Growing cucumbers in furrows (“ditch system”) is also effective in cases where it is not possible to regularly water the ridges with water.

A classic technique in the late 19th and first half of the 20th centuries was the cultivation of cucumber and other vegetables in greenhouses. The Russian lean-to greenhouse is a trench 50-70 cm deep, 120-125 cm wide at the bottom, 145-150 cm wide at the top. In the spring, biofuel is first laid in a layer of 40-60 cm, then fertile soil is laid in a layer of 10-15 cm ( to ground level). The top of the greenhouse is covered with glass frames measuring 106x160 cm. The frames rest on the northern and southern parubni (crowns made of logs). The northern damselfish is 10-12 cm higher than the southern one for better sunlight. Later, a modification of the Russian single-slope greenhouse was developed - a gable greenhouse with a height at the ridge of 60 cm, which makes it possible to mechanize the process of opening the frames.

Cold and frost resistance, as well as frost resistance, are determined by the genetic capabilities of the organism and have upper and lower limits. This is evidenced by the possibility of increasing the cold and frost resistance of plant organisms through preliminary exposure to various factors of a chemical (chemicals) or physical nature (by hardening). As a result of such hardening effects, plants usually increase their resistance to unfavorable temperatures, within the genetically determined limits. However, along with a positive reaction - increased cold resistance, negative ones are sometimes observed - growth retardation, and with annual hardening of seeds, i.e. increasing the impact over generations - short stature, insufficient development of the leaf surface, crushing of fruits, etc.

An important role in the processes of plant resistance to unfavorable factors is given to growth processes and metabolism (metabolism). In an intact (whole) organism, growth and metabolism are closely interconnected and cannot be considered in isolation. A cold-resistant hybrid, having a wider possibility of temperature adaptation compared to a non-cold-resistant one, can reduce to a lesser extent the vital processes of growth and metabolism in conditions of low positive temperatures and (or) quickly reduce vital processes to a minimum in conditions of short-term exposure to negative temperatures, i.e. frost.

One of the ways to control the processes of balanced growth under unfavorable temperature conditions and increase stability in these conditions is the use of analogues of phytohormones - synthetic growth regulators.

There are numerous published data on the effectiveness of using retardants - drugs that inhibit the growth of stems in height. It was found that treating cucumber plants with solutions of tur (0.01%) and dihydrel (0.015%) in the phase of 3 true leaves significantly increased the cold resistance of plants. When processing in the phase of 6 true leaves, the concentration of dihydrel was increased to 0.05%. At the same time, in addition to increasing cold resistance, inhibition of stem growth in length and increased growth in thickness, stimulation of the formation of female flowers, and increased productivity were noted. The cold resistance of cucumber plants was also increased by the preparations etrel and alar.

Experiments with cucumber seedlings have established that growth regulators of a cytokinin nature - kinetin and 6-benzylaminopurine at a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/l accelerate the germination of cucumber seeds at low temperatures and increase the cold resistance of plants in open ground conditions, increasing yield by 18% . It is assumed that the main reason for these effects is the activation of protein synthesis by cytokinins at low temperatures and a decrease in the intensity of lipid peroxidation during cooling. All these physiological changes help to stabilize the functional weakening of membranes and, therefore, increase the resistance of plants to unfavorable environmental conditions.

The growth regulators listed above are used on cucumber only in physiological studies.

Results were obtained on an increase in the cold resistance of crops when using synthetic preparations of brassinosteroids - analogues of the recently discovered class of phytohormones-brassinosteroids. Treatment of cucumber seedlings with brassinolide reduces the damaging effects of cooling, increasing resistance to it by protecting the integrity of cell membranes and membrane-bound structures. A widely available drug of this class of compounds, epin, is justifiably popular among amateur vegetable growers. In addition to the stimulating effect on cucumber plants, treatment with the drug helps to increase cold resistance. The effect of the treatment is more pronounced if the plants are treated before cooling, and not with the simultaneous effect of low temperature.

A modified version of the article was published earlier in the newspaper “Your 6 Acres”.

Advantages and disadvantages

Cold-resistant cucumbers are popular because they allow early harvests even in risky farming areas.

Among the advantages of hybrids:

different timing of harvesting greens (early, mid-season and late species were bred);
resistance to adverse weather conditions;
resistance to diseases and infections;
high harvest rates of green cucumbers (among the cold-resistant cucumbers there are many representatives of the bouquet type);
good taste;
versatility of application.

Shade-tolerant cucumbers are suitable for those summer residents who have small plots. In small areas it is difficult to distribute all the plantings, taking into account the plants’ needs for lighting and protection from winds. Cucumber varieties that can withstand slight shading are planted under the crowns of bushes, near fences and outbuildings. This does not reduce their productivity, and the owners get the opportunity to plant more capricious crops in well-lit areas.

Shade-tolerant cucumbers are a godsend for the summer resident

Adding an article to a new collection

We tell you all about shade-tolerant cucumber hybrids that are not afraid of the lack of sunny color.

Cucumber is a sun-loving vegetable, like most crops that are most often found in country gardens. But, unfortunately, it is impossible to allocate a place in the sun for all the beds. After all, it is claimed not only by vegetables, but also by berry bushes, fruit trees and ornamental plants, many of which not only occupy the brightest corners of the site, but also cast a shadow on the “neighbors”.

Fortunately, modern breeders have learned to cope with such a nuisance. Thus, the agricultural company “Manul” offers cucumber seeds, which give an excellent harvest in low light conditions. Among the seed there are hybrids with strong or medium branching.

However, when growing cucumbers in shaded areas, experts recommend sowing seeds for seedlings first. It is advisable to keep the seedlings in optimal light conditions and only then plant them in a permanent place. With this growing method, cucumbers will produce maximum yield.

Shade-tolerant cucumbers also bear fruit well when grown at home - on a windowsill, balcony and veranda.

Shade-tolerant hybrids “Manul” can be divided into four main groups.

Recommended growing regions

The presence in the description of a variety of an indication of the cold resistance or shade tolerance of a cucumber does not mean that it is suitable for all regions. It is important to consider other characteristics:

hybrid form or variety;
recommendations for planting: open ground, greenhouses, temporary film shelters;
purpose (salads, preserves, universal);
adaptation in a specific climatic zone (zonation);
terms of ripening of greens (early, ultra-early, mid-season or late);
characteristics of bush growth (the need for shaping);
type of pollination.

For planting in open ground in Siberia, the Urals and the North-West of the country, early and mid-season species are selected that will have time to bear fruit before the onset of cold weather. Planting in shelters will help prolong the harvest of cucumbers, but parthenocarpics grow better there. For bee-pollinated plants, you will need to attract bees, which means extra hassle and time.

In the middle zone and Moscow region, the best choice is early and mid-season cucumbers, although with a good summer season, late varieties also grow successfully in the region.

On a note!

It is advisable to select zoned varieties and hybrids that are intended for a specific area. Useful information on cucumbers is contained in the State Register of the Russian Federation.

Cucumbers of any ripening time are suitable for the south, but another characteristic is important - heat resistance. Therefore, shade-tolerant and cold-resistant varieties are still the choice for temperate regions. These same varieties are suitable for planting at home and growing on balconies and windowsills.

The best shade-tolerant cucumbers for greenhouses

Let us describe in detail the most popular shade-loving cucumbers for greenhouses and find out their advantages and disadvantages.

Dynamite f1

The bushes are indeterminate, that is, they are not limited in growth. The leaves are smooth, light green. The hybrid is grown in greenhouses and at home. Dynamite is easy to care for. The weight of the cucumber varies from 100 to 150 g, the pulp is juicy and sweet.

Productivity is high - from 1 sq. m harvest about 15 kg of crispy cucumbers. The hybrid is universal in use, suitable for fresh consumption and preparation of salads, side dishes and winter preparations.

Master f1

The hybrid is intended for cultivation in unpredictable climatic conditions. Cold-resistant, tolerates heat and high humidity. The plant is semi-spreading, the foliage is medium. The length of the vegetable is 12 cm, the shape is oval, oblong. There are pronounced tubercles on the surface. The pulp is light green, the taste is sweetish, without bitterness. Mastak ripens 60 days after the appearance of the first shoots.

Reference . To obtain a rich harvest, the hybrid is planted in seedlings. Seedlings are prepared a month before planting in the greenhouse. To do this, pour soil into a container and place seeds. Water the seedlings once every 5 days. After 2 weeks from the moment of planting, they are fertilized with ammonium nitrate or liquid droppings.

Green wave f1

Green wave is suitable for growing in any climatic conditions. The hybrid is unpretentious in care, resistant to the main diseases of the crop - tobacco mosaic and root rot. The fruits are tuberculate, bright green in color. The flesh is tender and crispy, the peel is dense.

The crop is transported over long distances and grown for sale. Cucumbers are used for pickling and canning - preparing snacks and salads.

f1 company secret

Shade-tolerant cucumbers take root in fertile and loose soils. The fruits set gradually, the return is friendly. Cucumbers have a cylindrical shape, the weight of the vegetable varies from 100 to 130 g. The structure is dense, the pulp is tasty.

The company's secret is resistant to pests and ripens in late July - early August. The delicate taste of the fruit goes harmoniously with meat, fish and vegetable dishes.

Moscow evenings f1

Designed for cultivation not only in greenhouses, but also in open beds. Cold-resistant, easy to care for. Ripening period is from 40 to 50 days. The cucumbers are dense, slightly rounded, weighing from 90 to 120 g. The fruiting period is extended. From 1 sq. m summer residents harvest about 14 kg of crop. The taste is excellent and the shelf life is long.

Interesting! 100 g of cucumber contains 15 kcal. The vegetable consists of 90% water, which means it belongs to dietary products. Cucumber removes waste and toxins from the body and cleanses the kidneys. Dietary fiber cleanses the intestines and has a positive effect on the functioning of the thyroid gland.

f1 relay

The hybrid matures in 50–57 days from planting. The plant is medium branched, the leaves are large and green. The fruits are shaped like skittles - elongated and narrow. The color is even, dark green.

The tuberous peel is dense and protects the fruit from cracking and spoilage. The weight of the cucumber is 180–200 g, the thorns are white, the flesh is aromatic and sweet. The relay is distinguished by excellent productivity - from 1 sq. m, gardeners collect from 30 to 40 kg of beautiful cucumbers.

April f1

The April hybrid bears fruit 40–50 days after planting. The bushes are compact, the leaves are small. The fruits are cylindrical in shape, weighing from 200 to 500 g. Length - 15–20 cm, surface lumpy. Due to their large size, cucumbers spoil quickly, so it is not recommended to use them for long-term storage. When pickling, the fruits are cut into several parts.

Emelya f1

Vigorous bushes are not limited in growth, so the plant requires staking and shaping. Emelya ripens in 38–42 days. Planted in a greenhouse with seeds or seedlings. The hybrid is resistant to diseases and insects. Vegetable weight - about 130 g, length - 15 cm, diameter - 4 cm.

The pulp is crispy and juicy, suitable for preparing various dishes. Glossy and smooth fruits look attractive when sliced.

Nuances of crop care

General agricultural technology for shade-tolerant and cold-resistant cucumbers is standard. Basic techniques:

irrigation;
feeding;
mulching (replaces loosening);
weeding;
formation of plants (pinching side shoots, taking into account the type of branching);
protection against diseases and pest attacks (preventive treatments).

But at the same time, some subtleties are taken into account. Bee-pollinated varieties are given places in the open air, parthenocarpics are planted in greenhouses. Bundle hybrids, despite their resistance to slight shading, require a lot of light. Otherwise, the plants lose their “bundling” and a standard number of ovaries (1-2) are formed in the axils.

Parthenocarpic hybrids intended for greenhouses for summer-autumn and winter-spring rotation are unsuitable for cultivation in summer. They grow successfully in shelters, form a large number of ovaries and fruits, but do not adapt well to open ground conditions.

Cucumbers for growing in greenhouses

The fourth group of shade-tolerant cucumbers includes parthenocarpic hybrids, which are used for cultivation in heated industrial greenhouses in summer-autumn rotation - from July to October.

The length of the greens of such cucumbers is 14-18 cm, the taste qualities, like those of the hybrids of previous groups, are high. Specialists of the Manul agricultural company have created a series of new hybrids with these qualities. The seeds of one of them – F1 Seasons – will be available for purchase as early as 2022.

Cucumber F1 Seasons

For detailed information about new products and the range of vegetable seeds, as well as about the technology of their cultivation, read the website Author's vegetable seeds.

Popular varieties of cold-resistant cucumbers

The line of varieties is represented mainly by hybrids, since they are more resistant to various external influences.

Among the favorite types of gardeners are the following:

Chinese - the name of this cucumber, bred by breeders of the Celestial Empire, says so - cold-resistant. The plant bears fruit abundantly under any conditions and produces long (up to half a meter) sweetish greens (see photo). Feature: powerful central shoot with a small number of lateral branches;
Suomi F1 - belongs to the gherkin group, the greens are tiny, up to 5 cm, sweet and dense. The yield of the harvest is friendly and early (38 days), up to 14 kg of cucumbers are harvested from one square meter with proper care;
Valaamsky - the Valaamsky cucumber is suitable for growing in the difficult climate of the North-West. Ripens early, after 38-40 days the first greens are harvested. Length – up to 5-6 cm (gherkin type), with dark green skin covered with a slight waxy coating. The taste is excellent, the main purpose is pickling;
Eskimo - presented on the market. The plants are compact, with a low degree of foliage and limited branching. Recommended for risky farming areas; it successfully withstands short-term temperature drops. The fruits are beautiful, smooth, with a short neck, up to 10 cm;
Lapland is a hybrid of intensive growth, powerful, productive. It is valued for the friendly yield of greens that do not outgrow or turn yellow. The length of the fruit is 7-9 cm, the pulp is sweet. Use – conservation;
cucumber At the behest of the pike F1 – from . Parthenocarpic with beautiful even green foliage. The skin has small medium-sized tubercles, the flesh is juicy with a cucumber crunch. In terms of ripening time it is closer to late species (50-52 days);
According to my desire, it ripens earlier than its “brother” - the hybrid At the behest of the pike (40-45 days). Otherwise, the characteristics of greens are similar; they are used for salads and all types of preparations;
cucumber Lord F1 is a productive and mid-season hybrid. Valued for its excellent taste, it is popular among summer residents in different regions of the country. greens are dense, suitable for all types of processing;
Balalaika F1 is an excellent hybrid from breeders. Shows high productivity, does not get sick, and almost does not form male flowers. Included in the group of bouquet species, in nodes there are up to 5 ovaries. According to reviews from gardeners, the Balalaika f1 cucumber is very resistant to low temperatures and pleases with an abundance of fruits in any season;

Cheetah F1 is a popular hybrid crop, valued for its early ripening and good fruit harvest rates. Bred in, belongs to the bouquet type of cucumbers. Produced in the “Golden Classic” series, it forms up to 4 ovaries in the sinus. Cucumbers with frequent pubescence, white thorns, rich green color. Summer residents especially note the high pickling characteristics of the Cheetah F1 cucumber;
cucumber Saltan F1 - is distinguished by active branching, so when planting, maintain a distance of at least 40 cm between holes. The plant is cold-resistant, with a long fruiting period, produces gherkins with excellent pickling characteristics;
Flagman F1 cucumber is a parthenocarpic species with weak branching of lateral shoots. A universal hybrid with great-tasting greens. Length – up to 10 cm, lack of bitterness is genetically determined. No special shaping of the cucumber is required, which simplifies care.

Gardeners praise cucumbers from Cheboksaryets, Arbat, Melnitsa F1. The TLC cucumber, bred back in the 90s of the last century, is not losing ground. They are little susceptible to disease and can withstand short-term drops in temperature.

List of bee-pollinated cucumbers for open ground

Early ripening

Varieties: Aquarius, Vyaznikovsky 37, Malysh, Muromsky 36, Snack, Elegant, Nadezhda, Reliable, New, Abundant, Finger, Parisian Gherkin, Nugget, Madam, Khabar, Electron 2.

Cucumbers Parisian gherkin

Hybrids F1: Atomic, Valdai, True Friends, Debut, Denek, Druzhina, Acorn, Zanachka, Emerald Stream, Katyusha, Princess, Levina Mix, Lord, Octopus, Parker, Petersburg Express, Cellar, Ambassador, Pososhok, Rodnichok, Son of the Regiment.

Mid-season

Varieties: Unity, Erofey, Monastyrsky, Nezhinsky, Nerosimy 40.

Hybrids F1: Business, Kai, Moth.

A line of popular shade-tolerant cucumber varieties

These varieties can withstand short-term shade (from buildings, tree crowns), and do not reduce the rate of fruit formation. Among them:

Tundra is a cucumber variety specially bred for the northern regions for open ground. The first fruits are ready for harvest in 40-43 days. Greens with tough skin and fragile flesh. Taste characteristics are at the level. The main use of Tundra is pickling, although such cucumbers are tasty in salads and fresh;
Maryina Roshcha is a shade-tolerant cucumber with beautiful white-thorned greens. Length – 11-12 cm, dense structure, aroma present. The peculiarity of the hybrid is the long yield of the crop, which is convenient for canning and pickling;
Master F1 - distinguished by strong branching of the lateral branches. Fruitful, bears fruit well in the northern regions, forming 1-2 ovaries at the nodes. The fruits are smooth, white-thorned, up to 15 cm in length;
Rushnichok - bred by breeders. Early ripening, needs pollination. Included in the “Russian Taste” series thanks to its dense and crispy greens, suitable for pickles and marinades. Up to 6-7 kg of greens are harvested from the plant. The fruits are elongated, with corrugated tuberculate skin, up to 14-16 cm. Despite the length, they retain their shape (slices) well when preserved;
cucumber Danila - from the group of early ripening cucumbers, with large cucumbers up to 15 cm. They are cultivated in greenhouses, and even in low light conditions the formation of greens is not reduced. Fruits with frequent whitish pubescence, good taste;
Zadavaka F1 and Zabiyaka F1 cucumbers are two “twins” from agro. Even the seed packets contain the slogan: “Don’t give up in the dark!”, thereby highlighting the shade tolerance of the hybrids. The harvest of fruits is early; after 42-44 days, the greens from the first batches are ready for harvesting. Use - for pickling, since the skin of the fruit has many tubercles and black thorns. According to culinary experts, these are the cucumbers that are crispy when pickled and marinated;
hybrids of the Relay variety type - cucumbers from - are grown for use in salads. They are distinguished by their bright taste, tender juicy pulp, and shade tolerance. These include cucumbers Marathon, Ladoga, Northern Lights, Manul f1, Relay.

Rural

The advantage of a vegetable crop is that it does not require pollination by bees. It can be planted either with or without seedlings. The main thing is that the ground temperature is above 15 degrees.

"Rural" has early ripening periods and can bear the first fruits 40 days after the first shoots. It produces neat short cucumbers that grow in bunches of 3-4 pieces. They weigh about 95 grams and have a juicy, crispy taste.

Reviews

Irina, Tyumen region
They advised us to plant several hybrids that can withstand our difficult summer. Planted Eskimo and At the behest of the pike. Now I’ve decided that I will only grow similar hybrids. No pain, minimum hassle. I don’t need a lot of cucumbers, but from these bushes I had enough for my relatives and to put them in jars themselves. Excellent varieties and most importantly, they are ours, Russian.

Elizaveta, Vyborg
I have been growing Valaam cucumbers at my dacha for a long time. The store clerk recommended it, so I decided to try it. For about five years now it has been growing in my garden every summer, I just change the location. They cover it with spunbond and open it when it’s hot. Cucumbers are delicious, there are a lot of them on the bush. Last year, even in the cold weather, there were cucumbers in the garden and only frost killed the vines.
Read also: Tips for gardeners: what can you plant basil next to in the garden, and what plants don’t go with it?

Cold-resistant varieties of cucumbers are the best choice for summer residents in temperate regions. By providing the crop with minimal care, at the end of summer, excellent harvests of tasty, crunchy fruits are obtained.

About the benefits of late ripening cucumbers

Of course, for summer residents the simplest and most convenient solution is to grow early-ripening cucumbers. Many ultra-early hybrids delight with beautiful greenery after 35-40 days, so is it worth planting late varieties?

The secret lies in the characteristics of the culture, in the periods of plant development. The thing is that after planting in a permanent place, the cucumber begins to actively grow its root system and this happens before the first ovaries appear in the axils of the stem. After this, the bush directs all its energy to the formation of the stem and fruits, and the growth of the roots slows down slightly.

Video

You can also watch a video where an experienced gardener will tell you which varieties of cucumbers are the best in the field of long-term fruiting.

In closed ground conditions, you can get a long and good harvest of cucumbers if you choose the right seed material and provide proper care.

Author: Maria Sukhorukikh
Print

Rate this article:

(0 votes, average: 0 out of 5)

Share with your friends!

Features of agricultural technology

There are no special “secrets” for growing and caring for late cucumbers. But some recommendations will help you avoid mistakes and get excellent harvests.

Seed preparation

When choosing seeds for planting, you must carefully read the description of the cucumber variety or hybrid. Typically, the ripening time for late cucumbers is 50-65 days, and this must be taken into account when determining the sowing time.

In the Moscow region, it is recommended to grow such cucumbers through seedlings, since the ripening period will be reduced by about 10 days.

The best choice is modern hybrids that are adapted to temperature changes, diseases, and have higher yields.

Before sowing, it is advisable to keep the seeds in the refrigerator for 48 hours (hardening procedure), and then soak them in any nutrient solution.

ON A NOTE! When soaking, you must follow the instructions, strictly observing the time. The seeds should only hatch, but not germinate.

To grow seedlings, pots with peat or humus nutrient mixture are used.

When to sow late varieties of cucumbers

Sowing time depends on the climatic characteristics of the region, weather conditions in a particular season (early or late spring, cold early summer, etc.).

In the southern regions, gardeners often practice planting cucumbers twice (in spring and mid-summer) so that they can then collect greens throughout the season. For Siberia, the Urals, and the North-West, such plantings are not always possible due to the harsh climate. It is also more difficult for gardeners in the middle zone; summer can be too unpredictable. But you can do it differently:

Plant early cucumbers as seedlings in April, and then plant them in beds or in a greenhouse at the end of May or beginning of June.
In June, sow late cucumbers (directly in the beds or in the greenhouse), which, taking into account their ripening time (two months), will begin to bear fruit in August, when the early ones have already departed.

But once again we draw attention to the fact that a lot depends on the climate of the area, the capabilities and desires of the gardener himself. The main thing is that the crop has time to ripen before the first cold weather and sharp drops in temperature.