Characteristics of tomato Early 83
Tomato Early 83 is a determinate variety, grows no more than 60 cm in height. Recommended for growing in open ground and under film covers. The stem is powerful and ends its growth independently with a flower brush. The leaves are medium green in color. Inflorescence intermediate with articulation. It takes 95-110 days from germination to ripening.
The color of unripe fruits is green, ripe ones are red. It is distinguished by the uniform ripening of fruits in the cluster. The fruits are flat-round, smooth, with slight ribbing. The pulp is fleshy, with the number of nests - from 4 to 6 pieces. The weight of one fruit is from 85 to 100 g.
Tomato variety Early 83 is unpretentious; it can be grown without staking or pinching. A seedless planting method is possible.
Description of tomato
Those who planted the Early-83 tomato variety note the excellent consumer qualities of the variety, high level of keeping quality and transportability. The tomato is heat-loving, so the variety can be grown in the North Caucasus, Moldova, and Kazakhstan.
Early ripening allows you to get the first tomatoes 95-105 days after sowing the seeds for seedlings. It all depends on the climatic conditions of a particular tomato growing region.
A higher level of productivity is also observed when planting seedlings in film shelters or greenhouses, where the plants feel great.
Characteristics and description of the variety:
- The plants are low, their height varies from 40 to 60 cm.
- Bushes with medium foliage.
- During the growing season, 4 to 5 clusters are formed on the bush, each of which produces 6-8 fruits.
- The weight of each tomato varies from 80 to 100 g.
- From a plot of 1 m² you can harvest 7.5-8 kg of tomatoes of the Early-83 variety.
- The shape of the fruits is flat-round, with slight ribbing at the base.
- In color, tomatoes of the Early-83 variety are bright red, and unripe fruits are light green.
- The pulp is juicy and dense.
- The taste of the fruit is sweet and sour, tomato-like, pleasant.
Summer residents and gardeners say that tomatoes of the Early-83 variety are used for making marinades, pickles, and fresh salads. You also get delicious tomato juice, purees, sauces, and pastes. The variety is resistant to diseases, including late blight. Tomatoes are not afraid of insects such as mole crickets, whiteflies and other pests.
Advantages of the Early-83 variety:
- Harmonious ripening of fruits, which allows you to get a harvest at the same time.
- Can be grown in open ground with the creation of cover during the cold season.
- Tomatoes contain a large amount of dry matter.
- Tomatoes contain several seed chambers containing a moderate number of seeds.
- The universal character of the variety, which is characterized by high productivity in open ground and in greenhouses.
- The small size of both seedlings and fruits allows you to grow several bushes in one area at the same time, and preserve tomatoes as a whole.
- The skin of the fruit does not crack either during ripening or during transportation.
- Unpretentious in care.
- Tomatoes collected from the bushes are stored in boxes for a long time.
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Pros and cons of the Early 83 tomato variety
Early 83 tomatoes are an old variety with stable productivity. Low bushes do not require complex care. The fruits are formed on clusters and are characterized by uniform ripening.
Other advantages of the variety:
- high taste qualities;
- the possibility of growing in open ground, including without seedlings;
- excellent transportable qualities;
- fruits are stored well on the cluster;
- universal use of fruits;
- resistance to late blight.
No disadvantages were found in the Early 83 variety.
Productivity and cultivation
Productivity is 1-1.5 kilograms per plant. Early 83 is propagated by seeds, including those collected from their own bushes, which have given a proven harvest. Before sowing, the material is treated and soaked in a growth stimulator to get the best result.
Early seedlings usually cause no more trouble than other varieties. The main thing is to carefully water it, ventilate it, add additional light if necessary, fertilize it, fertilize it and harden it.
After about 2 months, the young plants are ready for planting. Holes are dug at a distance of 30-40 centimeters between plants and 70 centimeters between rows. This allows you to fit from 6 to 8 bushes per square meter. If there is still a danger of cold weather, the plantations are covered.
The care is normal. Watering with heated water, preferably drip. The use of mulch reduces the number of weeds; unmulched plantings must be regularly weeded and the top layer of soil loosened. By plucking axillary shoots, you can skip this operation minimally or completely, significantly saving time and effort. According to reviews, you should not completely rely on strong immunity; plantations should be sprayed prophylactically with fungicides.
Agricultural technology tomato Early 83
Tomato Early 83 is recommended to be grown in high, warm beds, which consist of layers of soil and organic matter. Organic matter in such a bed creates additional warmth and allows you to plant tomatoes several weeks earlier. Depending on the climatic zone of cultivation, high ridges are built not only in open ground, but also in greenhouses.
Growing seedlings
The timing of sowing tomato seedlings Early 83 depends on the date of planting the plants in a greenhouse or open ground. Seedlings are transplanted to a permanent place only in conditions of constant, positive temperatures. Even a short drop in air temperature below +5˚C can be detrimental to plants.
Advice! At the seedling stage, the Early 83 tomato is grown for 50-60 days, with the addition of one week for plant adaptation after picking.
A longer stay in planting containers leads to strong growth of roots, which become insufficient for space and nutrition. At the same time, tomato growth slows down. Overgrown plants take root worse when transplanted, and the likelihood of their diseases increases.
For cultivation, seeds must be stratified, including those prepared independently.
Stages of seed preparation:
- Disinfection. In order to remove pathogenic microflora from seeds, they are treated with EM preparations.
- Treatment with growth stimulants. To improve germination and further fruit set, it is recommended to use special plant growth and development stimulants.
- Germination. Seeds are germinated in damp tissue in order to identify viable specimens and obtain more friendly shoots.
Germinated seeds are planted in separate cassettes, peat pots and tablets or in a common planting container. The soil for planting must be loose and fertile. To loosen the soil, add coconut substrate or rotted sawdust. A drainage hole must be made at the bottom of the planting containers.
The seeds are placed in holes about 1 cm deep, with a distance of 2 cm and covered with soil. The crops are covered with film and placed in a warm, dark place. The crops are ventilated every day and the soil moisture is monitored. Spray the surface of the soil with warm water when it dries.
As soon as the sprouts emerge from the soil, the shelter is removed and the seedling containers are moved to a bright place or under additional lighting lamps. For one week, the temperature is reduced to +15... +16˚С in order to stimulate the development of the root system.
Subsequently, the seedlings are grown at a daytime temperature of +22... +25˚С. For favorable plant development, night temperatures are reduced to +12... +14˚С. At home, this is achieved by opening windows or transferring seedlings to insulated loggias. Seedlings are picked after several true leaves appear.
Landing rules
Tomatoes are transplanted to a permanent place when the soil warms up to a depth of 12 cm, at +10... +15˚С. The size of the hole is dug to match the size of the earthen ball of the seedlings. The hole is first shed with water and fertilizer is added. The plants fall asleep and are not buried in the soil.
Tomatoes of the Early 83 variety are planted according to the pattern - 70 by 40 cm, placing 4-5 plants per 1 square meter. m in a checkerboard pattern. The middle part of the ridge is covered with black film. Thus, a climate is created for the formation of suction roots. Weeds do not form under the film and moisture is retained.
Watering and fertilizing
Water the tomatoes at the root with warm water, without affecting the green mass. For low-growing plants, it is enough to use 3-5 liters of water per bush. Water the tomatoes only after the soil has dried, but do not allow it to dry out completely. The best watering for nightshade crops is drip irrigation.
The Early 83 variety is responsive to complex mineral fertilizers. During the growing season, plants need nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium without chlorine.
Advice! At the time of flowering, the Early 83 tomato requires magnesium and boron.
For quickly ripening tomatoes, organic fertilizers are used in liquid form - these are herbal teas, as well as infusions of bird droppings and mullein. Use compost and humus to mulch the soil around the bushes.
Pinching and tying
Tomato Early 83 does not require pinching. The characteristics of the variety also state that the plant can be grown without a garter. But under different growing conditions, it is recommended to tie up the bush to protect it from breaking off the brushes.
Formation
Tomato Early 83 determinant growth type. The stem grows from 35 to 60 cm. The plant grows independently and does not require special shaping.
Protection from diseases and pests
Tomato Early 83 is a variety resistant to late blight. A plant with strong immunity resists fungal diseases and pests well. To protect early ripening tomatoes, it is not recommended to use chemicals. For healthy growth, plants should be planted in disease-free soil and crop rotation should be observed. It is useful to plant marigolds, parsley, and legumes next to tomatoes.
Growing Cardinal tomatoes through seedlings
In a greenhouse, Cardinal tomatoes produce more yield, so we decided to tell you about growing seedlings for subsequent planting in the greenhouse.
When to sow seedlings
Cardinal tomato seeds should be sown in the first ten days of March. The variety is frost-resistant and will withstand low temperatures well.
Soil and container for growing seedlings
The variety is best planted in nutritious light soil. Earth mixture - garden and turf soil with old humus. You can also add wood ash and superphosphate. This adds nutrition to the soil.
You can also take soil from the beds after legumes, as well as cabbage, cucumbers and onions.
Containers (depth - 2 cm) are suitable as containers for growing. You can also use 200 ml peat pots. This will allow you to plant seedlings in the ground in peat pots so as not to injure the root system.
Preparing seeds for sowing
In order for the seedlings to germinate faster, you can use special preparations (growth stimulants). The seeds need to be soaked for 12 hours.
But first, it is recommended to disinfect the seeds by soaking them in a pink solution of potassium permanganate for 30 minutes, then rinsing them under running water.
Sowing seeds for seedlings
Seeds are sown in one container, several seeds at a time. Then the soil must be moistened with warm water and the boxes covered with plastic wrap. The container should be moved to a room with a temperature of 26 °C.
Conditions and care of crops
We have discussed the characteristics of tomatoes, sowed them, and now we need to provide care for the seedlings after planting. As soon as the first shoots appear, the boxes should be moved to a sunny place. After the first leaves, the tomatoes need to be moved into separate pots, watered and fertilized with mineral fertilizers.
Features of agricultural technology
When choosing seeds, take into account the planting location: closed ground or on ordinary beds in the garden.
Sow in fertile soil, do not add a lot of nitrogen for early ripening, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should predominate in the fertilizing composition. At the age of 50 days, flower clusters begin to appear. It is recommended to plant in a permanent place before the buds bloom.
Lack of lighting and high temperature cause the sprouts to stretch; in such cases, additional lighting is used with the help of special lamps; the best specimens are stocky and strong.
Before being sent into the ground, the seedlings are hardened off, taken out to a cool room during the day, and returned at night. In outdoor beds, after transplanting, they are covered with non-woven materials.
