Gardeners who grow grapes are trying to acquire varieties that differ in taste, productivity, rapid ripening and disease resistance. But some gardeners are ready to give up varieties with a lot of seeds.
Seedless varieties are classified as raisins, which is exactly what Jupiter grapes are. The characteristics of the variety, characteristics, rules of cultivation and care will be discussed in the article. Photos, videos and reviews are provided for clarity.
Historical reference
The creators of the Jupiter sultana table grape are American scientists John R. Clark and James N. Moore from the University of Arkansas, USA. To obtain the hybrid, the varieties Arkansas Selection 1258 x Arkansas Selection 1762 were used as parents. The new grape variety was created relatively recently, in 98 of the last century. The American selection of sultanas came to Russia and Ukraine 12 years later.
The interspecific hybrid variety Jupiter has no seeds; the grapes have many advantages and retain their presentation during transportation. The variety is suitable not only for industrial cultivation. Since there are no particular difficulties in caring for the vine, quiche misch Jupiter grapes can be planted on private plots.
Description
A description of the Jupiter grapes from the USA, as well as some photos and reviews from gardeners, are necessary so that our readers can understand what this hybrid is like.
Features of the bush
The hybrid sultana variety Jupiter USA is represented by vigorous or medium-sized bushes. Excellent propagation by rooting cuttings. Fruiting begins two or three years from the moment the plant is planted.
The vine of the Jupiter raisin variety is reddish-brown or light brown and not too tall. The decorative properties of the bush are appreciated by lovers of landscape design. Look at the photo to see what composition can be created on a plot of grapevine.
The leaves are large, rich green. They have three blades with a weak dissection. Up to 5 inflorescences can form on one shoot. The American sultana variety Jupiter has bisexual flowers and does not require additional pollination.
Important! Pea clusters are not observed, since the setting of inflorescences is excellent.
Bunches
The Jupiter variety stands out for its large clusters (this is clearly visible in the photo). Their weight varies in the range of 250-500 grams. The clusters of the variety are decorative, have the shape of a cone or cylinder, and are moderately winged. The soil looseness is average.
The decorative effect of the bunches is given by the different colors of the berries at the ripening stage. On one bush you can simultaneously see green-pink, deep pink, red and dark blue fruits of the raisin Jupiter grape.
Berries
The ovoid or oblong-oval fruits are large, each from 5 to 7 grams. The tip of the grape is pointed. At technical maturity, the fruits are dark blue with a clearly visible matte coating. You can estimate the size of the berries of the Jupiter raisin variety from the photo, where the fruits are compared to a five-ruble coin.
The flesh of Jupiter is juicy, dense, even crispy. According to reviews from gardeners, the variety has an isabelle nutmeg tone in its taste. This is not surprising, since the grapes are obtained from crossing Isabella varieties.
Jupiter grapes, created by American breeders, belong to sultana varieties, so they do not contain seeds. Although rudiments are sometimes still found, they are very soft.
The moderately sweet grapes are covered with a thin but rather dense skin; wasps cannot damage it during ripening. In addition, they do not crack both on the bushes and during transportation.
Attention! The sugar content in US Jupiter grapes is from 20 to 22, sometimes up to 30 grams per 100 cubic meters. cm, and acids are 4-6 g/l.
Kishmish Jupiter from American breeders, gardener's opinion:
The only thing that will depress gardeners (judging by the reviews), and we will not keep silent about this in the description, is the shedding of berries. Therefore, in order not to lose the harvest, it is advisable to prevent the Jupiter grapes from overripening.
Harvest
Around the 2nd half of July or early August, Jupiter grapes are ready to be harvested from the bush. Remove the bunches carefully so as not to be damaged. It is best to use pruning shears for this. Picking bunches by hand is not the best idea, since the stalk is securely attached to the vine, and trying to tear off a bunch often leads to the berries becoming wrinkled.
Jupiter grapes make delicious juice, compotes and, of course, wine
Interesting!
If the clusters are kept on the vine after they ripen, the berries acquire a more pronounced muscat taste and aroma.
Jupiter grapes are very tasty, so they are most often bought for fresh eating. But it is also recyclable. Since there are no seeds in the berries, it is used to make jam, desserts, and even dried for raisins. It makes delicious juice, compotes and, of course, wine.
Characteristic
- The raisin grape Jupiter USA is a seedless table variety. It is distinguished by early ripening of clusters - 110-125 days. The high yield of the variety is achieved due to the self-pollinating nature of the bisexual flowers, which help pollinate neighboring grape bushes of other varieties.
- Due to the average weight of the bunch, the Jupiter variety does not require load regulation. You can leave up to 40 buds on the vine. One hectare of the Jupiter sultana variety, with proper care, can consistently produce up to 250 centners of sweet grapes with a muscat flavor.
- The US grape variety Jupiter is a frost-resistant plant, which allows gardeners to cultivate it in risky farming areas. The variety can withstand temperatures down to -29 degrees with light shelter. In the northern regions, where the mercury drops below the specified winter hardiness level, reliable insulation of grape bushes will be required. If the grapevine is frozen in winter (as beginners often write about in reviews), it does not need to be uprooted, since the Jupiter variety has excellent survival rate and recovery occurs quickly.
- The popularity of the US raisin grape is added by its high transportability: even when transported over long distances, the presentation remains at its best.
- Harvested Jupiter grapes are stored for several months.
As you can see, the American hybrid has many positive qualities, although there are still some disadvantages:
- The incidence of fungal diseases is average. More often it is oidium, mildew, gray rot. But timely treatment of grapes with drugs reduces damage to leaves and fruits.
- Although it would be wrong to call this a disadvantage, it is the small-sized bunches that often become the reason for refusing Jupiter grapes.
- And of course, the falling of berries from overripe bunches.
Diseases and pests
Kishmish grapes Jupiter has good immunity to mildew and gray rot. Therefore, the bush requires prophylaxis with Bordeaux mixture or fungicides before and after flowering. And also just before sheltering for the winter, spray with copper sulfate. Some diseases of the variety:
Phylloxera
Eats leaves, leaving black pimples. It can live in a bush for many years. Treatment does not give results. The only solution is to graft the bush. Burn the affected leaves and spray Jupiter with the Confidor insecticide.
Spider mite
The foliage on the grapes turns yellow, gradually dries out and falls off, and the taste of the berries is lost. Treats ticks with sulfur. Spray before the buds open. Excellent products "Apollo" and "Ortus".
Tick
A very small parasite that is not visible. The appearance of pimples on the foliage indicates its activity on the bush. If you don't fight, it quickly moves to other parts of the grapes. Treatment with powdered sulfur gives good results.
Reproduction methods
The hybrid grape Jupiter raisin, created in the USA, can be obtained in different ways, even in an ordinary flower pot:
- Rooted cuttings or grafted seedlings.
It should be noted that the ripening of grapes obtained from root-capable seedlings occurs earlier than grafted specimens. - By grafting onto the rootstock.
- Layerings from the mother bush.
Important! The grape bush must have excellent qualities and must bear fruit.
When rooting parent cuttings or propagating by layering, you can count on the Jupiter Kishmish variety to retain the qualities and characteristics specified in the description. But grafted seedlings can obtain the properties of a rootstock.
Experienced gardeners advise using the rootstocks “Cober 5BB”, “C04” and “Berlandieri X Riparia” to obtain Jupiter Kishmish USA seedlings.
Landing Features
You can plant Jupiter grape seedlings at any time, but autumn plantings are more successful. The main thing is not to wait for frost, otherwise the root system will not have time to recover and strengthen. To plant single bushes of the Jupiter variety, dig a hole. If you intend to plant several specimens, then it is better to prepare a trench, as in the photo below.
The grapes love fertile soil; in addition, drainage is laid at the bottom. The hole is filled in two weeks before planting. The seedling is soaked in water for several days. The planting diagram is shown in the photo below.
After planting, the soil around the seedling is mulched to retain moisture. Abundant watering is carried out every four days.
Grape care
There are no special rules when caring for the Jupiter variety; everything is traditional:
- Abundant watering, at least 15 liters per bush every 3 days, if there is no precipitation. Moreover, it must be stopped 14 days before harvest. It is recommended to mulch the soil: moisture evaporates more slowly and weeds do not crush the plant. Experienced gardeners make their work easier by installing a drip irrigation system for planting grapes.
- In the spring, you need to apply nitrogen-containing fertilizers to increase green mass. Then you will need a complex feeding of sulfate, potassium monophosphate, magnesium sulfate. It is not recommended to overfeed the vine; a fattened plant develops worse.
- And of course, you can’t do without pruning. It is performed in the fall, shortening the shoots of the Jupiter variety by 6-8 eyes.
- To prevent the grapes from getting sick, preventative treatment is carried out: twice before flowering and once after it. Most often, experienced gardeners use Bordeaux mixture or Thanos or other fungicides.
- The last treatment is carried out with iron sulfate before laying the vines for the winter. Regarding this issue, the winter-hardy (withstands frost down to -29 degrees) Jupiter sultana grapes, growing in the southern regions, do not need shelter. But northerners need to take care of creating conditions for wintering.
Advantages of the variety
One of the main advantages is increased frost resistance -27-29C. Therefore, it does not need winter shelter. Kishmish stands out among other varieties due to its relatively early period of fruiting, as well as its stable and high yield. With proper care, you can harvest 230-260 c/ha.
Berries with high taste characteristics, a pleasant, non-intrusive muscat tone, are not prone to cracking, have a high market value and are well transported. However, when overripe, they fall off very quickly.
It has average resistance to many fungal diseases. Not damaged by wasps. It takes root well and very quickly.
