Aleshenkin grapes: characteristics, planting and care, photos and videos

Aleshenkin grapes are one of the many dessert grape varieties. It was developed in Russia in the mid-20th century. The plant is distinguished by the fact that it has an average ripening period. The fruits can be collected, as a rule, in the last ten days of August. At the same time, the variety is very resistant to excessive frost. Which makes it quite advantageous compared to many other plants. Gardeners also appreciate this variety because it has excellent taste characteristics, and the grape bunches are very large, aesthetically attractive, and have an ideal marketable appearance.

The Aleshenkin grape variety is excellent for growing in various regions of Russia. Before planting, it is best to carefully read the description of this variety, identify its characteristic features and characteristics, and understand whether this variety is suitable specifically for this gardener. We will begin, of course, with a description of the Aleshenkin grape variety, as well as with its main characteristics, which largely determine this variety.

Aleshenkin grapes: variety description and characteristics

Grapes Aleshenkin: photo of the variety

If we delve deeper into the description of the Aleshenkin grape variety, we can highlight several characteristic features:

The bush is tall. The leaves have a standard shape for grapes. They are distinguished by a rich emerald color. The leaf size is medium;
leaves are smooth. Their surface is glossy;
Bisexual flowers can form on each shoot. Therefore, the bush does not need additional plants nearby for pollination;
Grape cuttings adapt very quickly to new conditions. They take root and take root in soils of varying composition;
one branch can carry out its life activity in a period of 4 to 6 years. Much depends, of course, on the care and attention of the gardener. And also from care measures.

Planting material

The quality of planting material plays a decisive role in the good survival of grapes on a plot and early fruiting. Aleshenkin's seedlings should be purchased from trusted producers in the region where it was planted. This way you can get the most adapted plants that will quickly begin the growing season.

In regions north of the Moscow region, beyond the Urals, and in Siberia, grafting of Aleshenkin grapes onto frost-resistant local varieties is practiced. When purchasing such plants, you should inspect the grafting site. It should be dry and healthy, without spots or bumps.

Criteria for selecting Aleshenkin grape seedlings:

the bark on the trunk is brown, and light, living tissue is visible at the cut site;
the leaves are not limp, smooth, without swelling or spots;
The root system is branched, the shoots are elastic and not brittle.

The color of the trunk, leaves and roots should be even, without dark or bright spots, and without sagging or bumps. Planting material that shows signs of insect damage should be discarded. Cuttings from the matured Alyoshenka vine take root well. They are harvested during autumn pruning, stored in a cool place, and rooted in the spring in a moist substrate or directly on the site.

Aleshnkin grapes: features of the variety

Grapes Aleshenkin: photo of the variety

Aleshenkin grapes are classified as dessert varieties. It has not only external attractive properties. And also excellent taste characteristics. The bunch in the shape of a regular cone is strewn with berries. They don't fit very tightly together. Thanks to this, each berry can receive a sufficient amount of sunlight. And this is a huge advantage.

The weight of one bunch can reach more than 2 kilograms. This is not the limit if the gardener properly cares for the plant. He also chose the right agricultural tactics. Oval shaped berries. The weight of one can usually reach 5 grams. The pulp is very juicy and fresh. And the skin is not too thick. Moreover, the berries contain up to 20% sugar. Seeds are found in only 60% of the crop. A gardener can remove up to 25 kg of grapes from one vine. And this is actually an excellent indicator.

Main characteristics

Dessert variety with early ripening.
The bushes are frost-resistant and can withstand frosts down to -27 degrees.
The clusters are quite large in size and reach a weight of 1.7-1.9 kg.
Ripe berries are yellow-green in color.
The variety was bred by pollinating the Adlen Angevine variety with pollen collected from the Vostok variety.
One sleeve grows intensively for no more than 5-6 years, and then needs updating.
The flowers of this variety are bisexual with stable and uniform pollination.
The clusters are pyramidal, elongated, with oval berries.
The berries have soft skin and crispy flesh.
One berry weighs from 26 to 30 g.
Ripe berries can remain on the vine for a long time.
The first clusters ripen in 112-118 days.
The variety can withstand frosts down to – 26 – 27 degrees.
The variety is prone to developing a significant amount of peas.
One grape bush of this variety can produce 23-25 kg. berries

Disadvantages of the variety

Grapes Aleshenkin: photo of the variety

If we talk about the disadvantages of the Aleshenkin grape variety, then among them we should highlight the fact that the lower part of the plant practically cannot withstand freezing. Therefore, it needs additional protection. To protect the lower part, it is enough to graft the variety with more resistant rootstocks.

But as for the ground part, it is more stable. As a rule, it can withstand temperatures down to -26 degrees. And at the same time it does not react at all to such a decrease in temperatures in a negative way. Which is indeed a very good result.

Alyoshenkin grapes - on almost every plot!

Every gardener dreams of having a crop on his plot, the care of which would be completely easy, but at the same time he would always be pleased with the quality and quantity of the harvest. The Alyoshenkin grape belongs to such garden crops. Thanks to its amazing unpretentiousness, even a novice winegrower can grow this variety, and its excellent taste and abundance of harvest will not leave anyone indifferent.

Aleshenkin grapes: advantages of growing

Grapes Aleshenkin: photo of the variety

The yield of the Aleshenkin grape variety is as high as possible. The fruiting period is usually about 6 years. Practice shows that within 20 years you can collect special sweet fruits from one grape bush. But this can only be achieved if the gardener gives the plant enough attention and care.

After this, fruiting may suddenly decrease or disappear altogether. This will indicate that the plant is old. And it must be removed from the site. Afterwards, it is necessary to wait, as a rule, about 3 years to begin growing new grape bushes in the same area.

During this time, the soil is completely restored. Saturated with beneficial mineral components. It also becomes again suitable for growing grapes. If you completely replace the soil on the site, then within a year you can plant new grape bushes.

Features of cultivation

Growing conditions

The variety is quite unpretentious to growing conditions, but there are some recommendations that must be followed when choosing a place for planting material of this variety:

A variety of soils are suitable for growing the Aleshenkin variety: black soil, sandy loam soil, turf soil. The main thing is that the above soils have neutral acidity. Clay soils are not suitable for this variety due to the fact that grape roots do not develop well in this type of soil and therefore it is impossible to grow powerful vines and obtain a significant harvest.
Illumination of grapevines by sunlight should be uniform and sufficient throughout the entire development period. Therefore, it is very important to follow the recommended seedling planting scheme and place it at a distance of 4-5.4 m from various shading buildings, fences or trees.
Grape roots are not able to develop quickly and grow in soils where significant amounts of water accumulate. Therefore, the selected area should not be flooded by melt water or groundwater close to the surface.
Weeds significantly complicate the care of grape bushes and can slow down the development of young seedlings. Therefore, it is important that the selected area has a small number of weeds.

Reproduction

The variety can easily be propagated in your own vineyard using rooted stems or the formation of layering. Rooted chibouks are grown as follows:

In late autumn, after the grape leaves have fallen and sap flow has stopped, a vine with a diameter of about 2 cm is selected.
Using a pruner, the selected vine is separated from the bush and cuttings are made into 44-50 cm long stems with 3-4 viable buds on each.
Chubuki are tied into bundles and placed in the basement until the beginning of spring. To prevent the chibouks from drying out during the winter, it is recommended to cover them with damp sand, which should be periodically moistened.
In the spring, the chibouks are removed from the basement and carefully inspected. Only specimens with viable buds and no signs of rot are suitable for further use.
Selected chibouks, turned upside down, are buried in moist soil and covered with film or agrofibre. In this case, it is recommended to make an incision at the lower internode to stimulate the emergence of new roots. In this state, the chibouks remain in the soil until former growths—primary roots—appear at the site where the lower internode was cut.
The chubuks are removed from the pit and planted with the top up in a fertilized trench. The planting depth should be such that no more than 1-2 buds remain on the surface. The optimal distance between the shanks is 24-30 cm.
Chibouks planted in this way must be regularly watered and loosened until the first leaves appear on them. After this, the planting material of this variety can be carefully dug up and transplanted to another growing location.

Planting and caring for the Aleshenkin grape variety

Grapes Aleshenkin: photo of the variety

Of course, like any plant, the Aleshenkin grape variety requires that the gardener follow the planting rules. As well as plant care. After planting, the plant needs regular watering. And also in pruning. An important step is to treat the plant against various pests and fungi. And also viral diseases.

A well-lit, warm place is ideal for planting. The Aleshenkin grape is a variety that, in principle, does not make any claims regarding the composition of the soil. If the gardener follows agrotechnical rules, he will be able to get a very rich harvest. Even in not the most suitable climatic conditions. Or at the wrong time for fruiting.

Origin and zoning

The variety was bred in 1956 by domestic specialists (author P.E. Tsekhmistrenko) at the experimental station of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "FSC Agroecology, Integrated Reclamation and Protective Forestry of the Russian Academy of Sciences" (Volgograd) by pollinating the well-known in the past "French" "Madeleine Angevin" with a mixture of pollen table varieties.

In the photo - the variety "Madeleine Angevine", which served as the initial form for selection

Thanks to its increased winter hardiness and ecological plasticity, the variety became widespread in the USSR and moved far to the north from the borders of the natural range of the crop. The excellent taste of the berries has captivated gardeners in the Krasnodar region, where the temperature regime allows them to grow high yields of excellent quality. This grape reveals its natural potential not only in areas with a temperate continental climate, but also in the colder regions of our country - in the Urals and Siberia.

“Aleshenkin” did not receive official registration in the State Register of the Russian Federation. Since 2008, the variety has undergone experimental tests in Belarus, and in 2014 it was officially included in the State Register of this country as recommended for home cultivation in all areas.

Using the method of clonal improvement, Orenburg specialists isolated the clonal variety “Aleshenkin Dar” from the population of the Volgograd variety “Aleshenkin” in the conditions of the steppe zone of the Southern Urals. After testing in the GSK system in 2006, it was officially registered in the State Register of the Russian Federation as intended for private cultivation in all regions of Russia. The originator of this clone variety is the Orenburg Experimental Station of Horticulture and Viticulture VSTISP.

The clonal variety “Aleshenkin Dar” has berries with an amazing dessert taste

Currently, thanks to a number of advantages, the original variety and its clone are successfully grown in the Kemerovo region, Krasnoyarsk Territory, in the southeast of Altai, in the arid and splintered steppe of the Altai Ob region, private agricultural lands in Ukraine and Belarus.

You can learn more about the characteristics of the Aleshenkin grapes from the video filmed by a Belarusian gardener:

Choosing a landing site

In order for the Aleshenkin grape to grow well, the soil should be prepared either in the fall or in the spring. The gardener first analyzes the composition of the soil. If it contains an excessive amount of clay, a drainage pad should be prepared.

If the gardener decides to develop a vineyard on peat soil, then the soil should be mixed with sand before planting. Sandy soil responds very well to organic fertilizing. It is best to choose humus or compost as organic matter.

It is best not to plant this grape variety in swampy areas. Because the vine is too susceptible and may die.

How to plant

Growing the Aleshenkin variety is accessible even to inexperienced gardeners. It is unpretentious and easily takes root in any conditions. But to get a strong plant and good harvests, you need to plant the bush correctly.

Breeding Features

Propagation by cuttings or layering is most suitable for this variety. They take root easily and quickly take root in a new place. In regions where winters are frosty, it is recommended to graft cuttings onto more frost-resistant varieties. For the rootstock, choose strong bushes and cut off all the branches, leaving a small stump 15-20 cm high.

Cuttings can be prepared in spring or autumn. Before this, the grapes should be watered generously. The thickness should be 7-10 mm, the length should be about 30 cm. You need to choose strong, healthy branches. When cuttings are received in the spring, they are planted immediately, preferably in a greenhouse. They must first be soaked in a solution of any root formation stimulator. Autumn cuttings are wrapped and stored in the cold until spring.

This grape is most often propagated by cuttings.

Selecting a location

Despite the fact that this variety is considered unpretentious and grows in any conditions, it is recommended to choose the right place for it. It will grow best in the sun, on the south side of slopes and buildings. These places warm up faster in the spring and freeze later in the fall. It is advisable that the plantings are not shaded and not exposed to strong winds. It is not recommended to plant grapes next to trees. There should not be a high level of groundwater in this area; it is desirable that it be at a depth of 2-3 m.

The soil should be neutral, fertile and light. Otherwise, it is recommended to apply fertilizers, manure, and lime before planting. These grapes will not grow on salt marsh or marshy soil. It is advisable to carry out all soil preparation activities in advance, in the fall:

Heavy and peaty soil is lightened by adding sand;
sandy soil is enriched with humus or compost;
Dig the soil well, add manure, remove all weed roots.

Note! This variety does not tolerate shade or stagnant water.

Landing

Spring is the best time to plant seedlings. This is done in April - May, when the soil warms up to +12˚. In the northern regions, it is recommended to plant in late May - early June. 2 weeks before planting, the soil is dug up again to enrich it with oxygen. Then they prepare the place:

dig a hole measuring 70X80 cm;
the distance between the bushes should be 1.5 m, if there are several rows, then between them - 2.5 m.
At the bottom of the pit, lay drainage made of crushed stone or expanded clay of at least 3 cm;
prepare the soil by mixing fertile soil, sand and humus in equal parts, add 50 g of phosphate fertilizers and a little ash, mix;
pour 20 cm of this soil onto the drainage, then 10 cm of humus;
Fill the hole 1/3 full with soil, pour out a bucket of warm water;
Drive a peg into the middle to which the seedling will be tied.

Grapes should be planted when the water is well absorbed. If a cutting was grown, it is transferred to the hole along with the lump of earth in which it was. It is recommended to first soak purchased seedlings for 12 hours in a solution of a growth stimulator, preferably Zircon. After this, place the cutting in the middle of the hole, straighten the roots. Sprinkle halfway with soil and water. Then add soil, leaving a small hole to retain moisture. Instead, you can mulch the area around the cutting with peat or sawdust.

If you prepare the hole correctly, the seedlings will take root quickly

The seedling needs to be tied to a peg. In cold regions, it is recommended to cover the root zone with polyethylene, which is removed only in mid-summer. After this, the hole needs to be mulched. The first few days the planted grapes are well watered. Then watering is carried out once every 2 weeks. In autumn, it is recommended to prune the seedling, leaving 4 buds on each branch. For the winter it is necessary to cover well. In spring, the shoots are tied to a wire or trellis.

Preparing for landing

About 10-14 days before the bush is planted in open ground, it is necessary to dig up the soil. This is done in order to enrich the soil with oxygen. It is best to choose a location that will be located in the south. Or in the southwest on the site. Because there the soil will warm up best.

To protect Aleshenkin grapes from windy weather, as well as from destructive drafts, it is necessary to plant grapes near the wall of the house. Because there he will feel as comfortable as possible. In spring, precipitation will fall faster from the south side. And in the fall, when the soil begins to freeze, on the south side it will freeze much more slowly.

It is best not to plant Aleshenkin grapes between various shrubs or trees. Because they can create unwanted shadows. It will only have a negative effect on the grapes of this variety. The variety is also excellent for growing in greenhouse conditions.

Aleshenkin grapes really need sunlight. Since if the plant is kept in conditions where moisture accumulates, this will only have a detrimental effect on the general condition of the plant. And also on the development of its root system.

Reviews from gardeners

Evgeniy, 71 years old, Sumy
Aleshenkin is my favorite grape at the dacha. It is unpretentious in care, only young stepchildren caught mushroom sores (mildew) and even then it was not critical. The bush is vigorous and grows on a five-meter trellis. The density of the shoots is standard, I don’t overload them too much, they are well ventilated. The soil on the site is clayey and retains moisture; I gradually add a mixture of coarse river sand and pebbles to it to improve looseness. Drip irrigation was dismantled. From experience, I was convinced that mature grapes have enough natural moisture, and I do not feed them through the irrigation system. I don’t water in the spring so as not to worsen the heating of the soil in the root area. From May to early July the same approach. If the earth is cracked from the heat, then it is even better for the grapes, because through the cracks oxygen freely flows to the roots. After heavy summer rainfalls, the moisture supply lasts until the beginning of August. At the end of summer - beginning of autumn, I do not moisten it for better ripening of the vines.

Timofey, 67 years old, Novoshakhtinsk
At the beginning of August, my grandchildren and I collect the first grape harvest - first Alyoshenka. The berries, although small, are richly sweet and melt in your mouth. Moreover, the small fruits are almost seedless and the sweetest, like raisins. We don’t have them for a long time, we eat them almost immediately. After a week, Timur ripens, although the harvest is small, and the berries differ in taste not in his favor. At the end of summer, Arcadia comes up in all its glory, and at the beginning of September, Gift to Zaporozhye pleases with super clusters.

Igor, 42 years old, Belgorod region
The variety, of course, is not bamboo, but a five-meter shoot is a common occurrence for it. The vine is ripening wonderfully, the bushes are vigorous. This year there is no time to work on grapes, so it produced several eight-meter shoots. It grows freely, it has enough space. It must be rationed - I remove from 1/2 to 2/3 of the inflorescences, leaving 1 bunch for shoots. I cannot stop growth by simply increasing the load with minimal care. When I tried, everything froze: shoot growth, maturation, pollination, and size. So far I'm happy with everything. The harvest is decent, about five buckets per bush. “Aleshenkin” ripens first in our vineyard. Amazingly, the long-hanging clusters produce the sweetest and most beautiful berries. The variety is ideal for our area!

Aleshenkin grapes: variety care

Grapes Aleshenkin: photo of the variety

Planting and caring for the Aleshenkin grape variety begins in the spring. Then, in summer and autumn, the plant takes root and adapts. And only after this can it endure the winter. Even if it is harsh. And temperatures will not be so stable.

In the fall, the gardener must dig up the soil in the selected area. A hole is dug, the width of which is 60-70 cm, and the depth should be up to 1 m. If the gardener knows that groundwater is located close to the surface, then it is necessary to arrange homemade drainage. For this purpose, crushed brick, crushed stone or expanded clay are usually used. They can be purchased at construction or gardening stores.

In the spring, the gardener prepares fertilizer for Aleshenkin grape seedlings. To do this, he mixes soil and collected river sand in equal proportions. And also rotted humus. Then a certain amount of nitrophoska and superphosphate must be added to this mixture. Because they perfectly enrich the soil mixture. And they can have a positive effect on the plant, its growth and development. And also taking root in completely new conditions. Before planting, the hole should be filled with warm, settled water.

Rules for planting grapes

Grapes Aleshenkin: photo of the variety

If the cutting is located in a container, then it can be planted in open ground without unnecessary preparation. If the plant was previously placed in a bag, then it is necessary to initially lower the cutting into a growth stimulator. A zircon-based solution is best suited for this. Zircon is a biological, natural remedy. It has a very positive effect on plant growth. In addition, the drug is very economical. For 10 liters of water, only 1 ml of the drug is required.

A seedling of the Aleshenkin grape variety must be placed at the bottom of the hole. Then it buries itself, but not completely. But only half. Next, the seedling should be watered very well with settled water. And also pour out the remaining top layer of soil.

Aleshenkin grapes are also covered with polyethylene. And a hole is made on top so that the seedling can breathe. The material can only be removed by the end of summer. When the gardener is sure that the plant is completely rooted. By following these rules of agricultural technology, you can plant a plant. And also have no doubt that it will take root perfectly. And after a while it will give an excellent and very tasty harvest.

Vinograd Aleshenkin: rules of agricultural technology

Grapes Aleshenkin: photo of the variety

After the cutting has been planted, it must be watered regularly. Watering frequency - no more than once every two weeks. Each plant requires on average about 4 buckets of warm, settled water. If precipitation or excess moisture occurs, it is best to stop watering for a while. To prevent rotting of the root system.

In the spring, the plastic cover is removed from the vineyards. The gardener also removes those branches that are damaged or have become old. Therefore, they will not produce any harvest. The vine must be tied to a trellis so that it does not spread out. And it gave active growth only upwards.

Before the buds begin to bloom, it is necessary to feed the vineyard. For this, it is best to use solutions and liquid fertilizers. Mullein solution is ideal. As well as a solution based on wood ash or superphosphate. In summer, it is best to pinch the vine a little. At a height of approximately 170 cm.

Aleshenkin grapes and care for them

Grapes Aleshenkin: photo of the variety

If some inflorescences are in the shade due to leaves, then it is also best to remove excess leaves. This procedure will not harm the plant in any way. But he will only open the flowers. And they will be more saturated with the necessary sunlight.

Flowers of the Aleshenkin grape variety have both sexes. And they rarely need additional outside pollination. If the grapes do not have enough pollination, then you may notice grape peas. The berries become very small. Some may lose their taste. And some, on the contrary, become even tastier. One way or another, to avoid this, it is necessary to use biological growth stimulants. They are usually intended for fruit and berry crops.

Next, you don’t need to feed the Aleshenkin grapes at all. If precipitation is observed, then after its completion the soil should be thoroughly loosened. Watering is also resumed around October. In this way, the gardener can better prepare the soil for wintering. And, accordingly, the plant itself will be ready.

Rules of care

Aleshenkin grapes are unpretentious, undemanding crops, but for their normal growth and fruiting it is necessary to comply with basic rules of agricultural technology. One of the advantages of the culture is its high growth rate, thanks to which the plant quickly recovers after frost. But there is also a disadvantage to this, since you will need to frequently thin out the crown and trim the foliage.

Prevention and protection against pests and diseases

When growing Aleshenkin grapes, it is necessary to regularly treat the bushes for preventive purposes. This will help protect the plantings from diseases and pest invasions.

To strengthen the immune system and reduce the risk of disease, bushes are periodically treated with growth stimulants and a lime solution is used.

The deficiency of the Aleshenkin grape is characterized by weak resistance to oidium. For prevention purposes, the drug Topaz is used, and if necessary, it will help with treatment. And to protect against mildew you will need another drug - Ridomil Gold.

Pests can cause just as much damage to plants. To prevent damage by spider mites, the vineyard is treated with nitrophen or phosphamide in spring and autumn. And to get rid of marbled beetles, hexochlorane is buried directly into the ground.

To prevent damage to spider mites, the vineyard is treated with nitrophen in spring and autumn.

In the summer, they must provide protection from wasps and birds, as they really love to feast on juicy berries. If possible, cover the vineyards with plastic or metal mesh with small cells. If there are few plants, then individual clusters are wrapped in nylon or other transparent material.

Watering

Excessive moisture for Aleshenkin grapes is more dangerous for the vine than drying out of the soil. Mature plants can withstand short periods of lack of rain, but in the first year after planting, watering is important.

The soil under a young vineyard should always be slightly moist, and from the second season, watering is carried out much less frequently. From the 3rd year after planting, Aleshenkin grapes are watered 3 times during the growing season:

In the spring, water the plants if there has been little snow. The tree trunk circle is also watered abundantly if there is no natural precipitation before the buds open.
In the middle of the season, moisture is desirable during the period of fruit filling. If there is good rain at this time, then the next time the plants are watered only in August.
Most often, natural precipitation is sufficient in autumn. But even if they are not there, water the plant no more than once.
Before sheltering for the winter, water-recharging watering must be carried out. After a few days, the vines are covered and, if necessary, insulated.

Before sheltering for the winter, water-recharging watering must be carried out.
Aleshenkin grapes have a good root system. It is powerful and deep. Thanks to this, the plant is able to provide its vines with moisture even in dry steppe regions. But excessive moisture often leads to the development of fungal diseases.

Feeding scheme

In order for shoots to grow at a normal speed and large juicy clusters to form, plants require adequate nutrition. If you add a sufficient amount of fertilizer when planting, then feeding will not be required for the first few years.

Since the Aleshenkin variety reaches maximum fruiting rates from the 4th year after planting, fertilizing is mandatory. For normal grape growth, regular application of organic and mineral fertilizers is necessary.

The lack of fertilizing will not affect the growth rate in any way, but the yield and taste characteristics of the berries may suffer.

Possible options for feeding grapes:

In spring, the vines are fed with nitrogen-based mineral compounds, for example, urea or infusion of chicken manure.
After the formation of flower clusters, phosphorus compounds, for example, simple or double superphosphate, are added to the soil.
During the ripening period of fruits and vines, mineral compositions based on potassium are used. Plants can be sprayed with a solution of wood ash or potassium salt. Similar feeding is carried out after harvesting.

The Aleshenkin grape is especially responsive to fertilizing with wood ash.
The Aleshenkin grape is especially responsive to fertilizing with wood ash. It is permissible to spend about a bucket of fertilizer on each plant throughout the season. The ash is scattered over the surface of the soil or embedded in it. Irrigations with the addition of this organic substance are excellent.

Weeding

For normal grape growth, loose soil with good breathability is required. Therefore, before each watering, the tree trunk circle is loosened. At the same time, weeds are removed.

To prevent moisture from evaporating from the soil, the surface is mulched. The material you can use is straw, freshly cut grass, sawdust, hay, peat. An additional protective layer will not only protect against the rapid growth of weeds and moisture evaporation, but also provide the plants with nutrients.

Tying up

Grape bushes are always tall and require reliable support. The ideal option is to use a multi-level trellis. Strong supports are installed along the edges of the rows, and then trellises are pulled into several levels.

Particular attention is paid to securing fruit-bearing vines. They require reliable support, as they become too heavy as they mature.

Scheme of tying grapes on a multi-level trellis

Topping

To get a good harvest, it is necessary to promptly remove the “tops” (shoots without an ovary). Before the clusters begin to fill, you should pinch off the tops of the shoots, leaving no more than 1.5 m in length.

When performing the procedure, the main nutrition of the plant will go to the clusters, and not to the green mass. If you do not pinch the vineyard in a timely manner, the crop and vines may not have time to ripen, and at critical temperatures in winter, they may even die.

Aleshenkin grapes are characterized by large clusters. But this advantage often becomes a disadvantage. The upper part of the bunches begins to ripen first, and the lower part does not have time to accumulate a sufficient amount of sugars.

Experienced winegrowers remove 1/3 of the bunches from the bottom when pouring berries.

Scheme for pinching grapes

Root stimulator

Citron can be used as an excellent root growth stimulator. This is a natural raw material made from Echinacea purpurea. Its main active ingredient is hydroxycinnamic acid. Add 1 ml of the drug to a bucket of water. You can soak the cuttings in this composition before planting or water the plant several times during the season.

Pruning and shaping bushes

To prevent yields from falling, Aleshenkin grape bushes are constantly shaped and pruned. These procedures are the most important in the process of growing vineyards.

If timely pruning is not carried out, the bushes grow higher than 5 m. This severely depletes the plants and also prolongs the ripening period of the berries.

When forming a vine, adhere to the following rules:

In the warm southern regions, several strong branches of the old powerful vine are left. But in areas with a harsh climate, it is preferable to grow vine bushes in the form of a fan.
For fruiting, 4 shoots are left on the perennial vine.
Every autumn, the mature growth is shortened, leaving at least 8 buds.
Every spring the vines are checked and all damaged, frozen and dry areas are cut off.
Vines that have already bear fruit are shortened by 3-4 buds. The peculiarity of the variety is that it is able to form a crop on the lower buds.

Fan formation of grape bushes
To prevent the plant from suffering from overload, no more than 45 fruit buds are left on each bush. Yield rationing is carried out after the ovaries appear. No more than 1-2 brushes are left on each shoot.

Autumn and summer care

During the growing season (summer and early fall), the plants require minimal care. Since the variety has a high growth rate, the density of shoots and foliage is monitored throughout the season. When flowers or clusters are in the shade, the foliage is removed. The procedure will not harm the plant, but will only help the flowers open and the clusters mature faster.

Since flowers of two sexes appear on the Aleshenkin grape bushes, the plant rarely needs additional pollination. If the bunches begin to pea and the berries become too small, you should use biological growth stimulants for fruit and berry crops.

Preparing for winter

Despite the fact that the plants are characterized by a high level of frost resistance, it is necessary to insulate and prepare the vineyard before winter. After autumn pruning, the vines are removed from the supports, tied in the form of a sheaf and laid at the base. Before this, the tree trunk circle can be covered with a backing. It is made from boards, slate, straw or spruce branches.

A wooden shelter is arranged on top, which will rise 10-15 cm above the vines. Waterproofing material is laid over it, and it is already covered with dry leaves.

For the winter, grapes are covered with waterproofing material

To prevent moisture from getting inside, all covering activities are carried out only in dry and clear weather.

Bush formation

Forming allows you to increase the level of yield. And also eliminate branches that are outdated and withered. And they will no longer be able to bear fruit. But they can lead to thickening of the crown. And this, as a rule, increases the risk of developing various diseases. What any gardeners try to avoid.

The Aleshenkin grape variety tolerates autumn pruning best. And its sleeves are placed in trenches and protected from the cold. When pruning, it is best to leave about 16 healthy buds and remove the rest. If the gardener is forming a very young plant, then it is better to leave no more than 4 shoots on each branch.

On the branches from which last year's harvest was harvested, 3 buds are left. The peculiarity of the variety is that full-fledged inflorescences can also form on the lower bud. And this is a huge plus. Although it has its own care. As well as measures to prepare for the winter period.

Vinograd Aleshenkin: disease prevention

Grapes Aleshenkin: photo of the variety

The Aleshenkin grape variety requires regular preventive treatments. Moreover, both from diseases and from attacks from pests. To reduce the risk or completely prevent fungal diseases, it is recommended to treat the bush with growth stimulants. And also use a lime-based solution.

The variety is distinguished by the fact that it is very susceptible to diseases such as oidium. Therefore, it is necessary to treat the bush at least once with a preparation called “Topaz”. To protect Aleshenkin grapes from mildew, another product is used - Ridomil Gold.

Pest Control

Spider mites are one of the pests that can be very dangerous for grapes. To prevent its attacks, the plant must be treated with phosphamide or nitrafen in the fall and spring. The bushes must also be regularly inspected for various deformations. The root system can be attacked by marbled beetle. You can get rid of it if you inject hexachlorane directly into the soil.