The therapeutic and prophylactic eradicating two-component fungicide Oxychom appeared on sale relatively recently and has not yet earned much trust from more or less competent farmers. What is alarming, firstly, is the aggressive promotion of the drug from literally all sides; especially in online trading. Secondly – the name. There is no smell of the long-known pesticide copper oxychloride (CHOM) in Oksikhom. Its composition is 67% copper hydroxide (670 g/kg) and 13% oxadixyl (130 g/kg). Thirdly, active ingredients (AI). Copper hydroxide has also been known for a long time, but is rarely used in agricultural chemistry due to its high toxicity, accumulation in the soil and suppression of soil microfauna. Oxadixyl is a relatively new active ingredient of agrochemicals: first synthesized in 1986, and initial field trials completed in 1996. Synonyms oxadixil and sandofan. In a number of sources, oxadixil is also called acetamide, which is absolutely incorrect: real acetamide is a completely different substance.
Note : Copper hydroxide is included, in addition to Oxychom, in the pesticides Coside 2000, Coside Super, Cupid, Cupid Gold, Mercury and Meteor. Oxadixil - in the preparations Proton, Proton Extra, Chloroshance and Homoxil.
Fungicides Oksihom from various manufacturers
Fourthly, the origin of the raw materials. Copper hydroxide is produced almost everywhere there is a chemical industry. But oxadixil is supplied to the wholesale market only from Syngenta Crop Protection Co (Switzerland), FCC Ltd. (Israel) and TrustChem Speciaty Co. (China). The last two suppliers do not look quite presentable: FCC Ltd was registered in 1987 as specializing in structured investments (office on the 21st floor of the Levinstein Tower in Tel Aviv). Anyone with any brains, as they say, knows that “structural investments” mean anything from financing the colonization of Mars to the production of desomorphine under the guise of a food additive or smuggling weapons-grade plutonium in containers for children’s toys. TrustChem Specialty Co. is a subsidiary of the reputable, global supplier of organic dyes and pigments Trustchem Pigments, but only entered the big market in 2010, and there is no oxadixyl in its original 2020 catalogue.
But, on the other hand, Oksikhom, firstly, is actually registered in the Russian Federation for agriculture (for large agricultural machinery) until December 19, 2023; State registration number 002-02-202-1. There is no registration for personal subsidiary plots, but there are regulatory regulations for use in private household plots (see below). It is possible that registration for private household plots has been applied for, but has not yet been completed, or publicly available official information has not yet been updated.
Secondly, the company registered in the Russian Federation is not a manufacturing company, but it is quite reputable - AGRus. Thirdly, the exact chemical composition and purpose of the drug are also given on small packages for private owners and summer residents. And, fourthly, Oksikhom is also available in 5 kg packaging for agricultural enterprises. “Cheaters” with their miracle remedies, as a rule, do not go for this - agricultural technology on large areas is organized, in any case, no worse than scams, and agricultural magnates and second-rate mafiosi will not stand on ceremony.
And finally, some properties of DV Oxychoma and its good technological breadth prompt us to take a closer look at this fungicide. Therefore, we will not yet make a final conclusion “for health” or “for peace”, but will try to figure out to what extent, when and how we will use the drug Oxychom both in large areas and in dachas or personal plots.
Description of the drug Oxychom
Oksikhom is intended for processing vegetable crops and fruit and berry trees
Oxychome is a white powder. It is also commercially available in tablet form. The fungicide is intended to rid crops of colonies of fungal microorganisms that parasitize them. The drug is highly soluble in water, making the preparation procedure for spraying quick, which is very important when it comes to processing a large number of crops.
Advice! Treatment work should be carried out taking into account the upcoming weather. It is advisable that there is no precipitation 24 hours before and after using the product. The same recommendation applies to watering crops.
The stems and leaves of the plant are treated with Oxychome, and the active components of the drug can affect the crop both externally and internally. Accordingly, efficiency increases significantly, especially since this advantage allows you not to worry about the weather.
Compound
The fungicide Oxychom contains 2 active components - oxadixil and copper oxychloride. High efficiency is due to these substances. Copper oxychloride is able to quickly penetrate the structure of the plant, and then in the spore of the fungus, it begins to destroy it from the inside. Oxadixil significantly enhances the effect of copper oxychloride, which inhibits the development of microorganisms in the treated area.
Mechanism of action
After processing the plants, a thin film is formed on their leaf blades, which reliably protects them from the effects of microorganisms. Fungal spores are not able to penetrate through it into the crop. Therefore, the plant develops throughout the season, being protected by copper oxychloride.
Oxadixil acts on the plant in a different way. The substance penetrates deep into the culture and affects pathogenic microorganisms. The drug begins to work a few hours after treatment.
Consumption rate
Oxychome is suitable for processing grapes for treatment and prevention
Oksikhom is recognized as an effective composition for the treatment and prevention of many crops; the rate of application of the product should be different.
In the instructions for use of the drug Oxychom for cucumbers, the consumption rate is indicated - 30 g of the product per 10 liters of water. For tomatoes and potatoes, the norm will be 30-35 g of the drug for the same amount of liquid, for onions – 24-30 g, and for beets – 32-40 g. In this case, you need to pay attention to the recommended number of treatments.
The application rate for treating berry and fruit trees differs significantly. To treat grapes with Oxychom, you will need 60 g per 10 liters of water when the crop grows 20-30 cm. Apple, pear, cherry, peach, apricot and plum trees should be treated before flowering. You will need from 40 to 80 g of product per 10 liters of water.
Compatibility with other security products
One of the disadvantages of the drug is its low compatibility with other substances. Only specialists can be guaranteed to select compounds that do not react chemically with Oxyx.
Specialist recommendation
In the conditions of a personal plot, without special knowledge and skills, it is better not to experiment with Oxyx in tank mixtures, and use it separately from all other pesticides and fertilizers.
The limitation in compatibility is explained by the dual composition of the drug. Substances combined with copper oxychloride may conflict with oxadixyl, and vice versa.
V. A. Berestetsky – Candidate of Biological Sciences, senior researcher at the All-Russia Research Institute of Plant Protection, Sakt-Petersburg.
Rules for treating plants with Oxyx
Before use, you must carefully read the instructions. You should pay attention to the correct preparation of the solution, take into account the time of day and weather conditions. It is also necessary to know about the maximum permissible impact on the crop and the risks of possible contact with soil. Despite the fact that the list of effects of the drug is wide, it is better to find out in advance what problems with the crop it can be used for.
Preparation of the solution
The working solution must be prepared immediately before use. During dilution, all precautions should be taken, since the substances included in the drug are unsafe for human health. The solution is prepared based on the norm specified in the instructions. That is, 10 liters of water require the amount of the drug that corresponds to the crop being treated and its disease.
Important! Fungal infections develop rapidly, but it is very difficult to notice the disease immediately. It is recommended to frequently inspect the lower leaf plates.
It is advisable to prepare a container in which it is convenient to mix the resulting solution. Water is poured into it and the solution is gradually added. The mixture is prepared from 1 liter of water and the required amount of product. The prepared solution must be mixed gradually and carefully, since it has rather low stability.
Rules for using Oksikhom
It is prohibited to treat with Oxychom during the flowering period.
When using, you need to make sure that Oxychom does not get on the soil. If liquid is spilled on the ground, it is necessary to completely replace it in this place. That is, the damaged soil should be dug up and replaced with a new layer. Oxychome is dangerous for bodies of water and its inhabitants. Therefore, spraying it within a radius of 150 m from a river or lake is prohibited.
It is important to consider that there must be an interval of at least 10-12 days between treatments. Otherwise, it will negatively affect the culture. Maximum usage per season also matters. You cannot spray the plant more than 3-4 times.
Favorable time for treatment is morning, after the dew has evaporated, or evening. Spraying during heat and exposure to sunlight is prohibited. This can cause severe burns to the leaf blades. No less important is the lack of wind.
For vegetable crops
Vegetable crops can begin to be cultivated in the spring, after rooting in the soil. When flowering begins, processing work is prohibited; this can damage the plant and the bees. The maximum number of sprays with Oxyx for treating tomatoes, potatoes, cucumbers and other vegetables is no more than 3 times per season.
At the same time, the instructions for using the Oksikhom fungicide for tomatoes indicate that the first treatment is carried out either as a preventive measure or at the first signs of the disease. Next, you should observe the culture. Repeated use is possible after 10-12 days.
The drug Oxychom for treating cucumbers for preventive purposes must be done before flowering begins, after which the solution can be used 1-2 more times with an interval of 9-13 days.
The first preventative treatment for potatoes is carried out before the rows close, when the plant height has reached 15-20 cm. The second treatment must be carried out during the budding period, but before flowering begins. Next, we must proceed from the state of the culture.
For fruit and berry crops
All types of fruit and berry crops can be processed 4 times during the season. The first spraying is carried out before the flowering stage, then after the flowers fall. Subsequent ones can be performed as needed at intervals of 2 weeks.
Oxychome can be used for all crops according to the instructions
The instructions for using the Oksikhom fungicide for grapes indicate that in order to prevent diseases, the drug can be used twice. The first treatment will be required when the shoots grow 20-30 cm in height, the second after 2 weeks. The use of Oxychom for grape diseases is required in the initial stages of the disease. The second time is before flowering. The third and fourth treatments are carried out during the period of berry formation and at the beginning of technical ripeness. In this case, the interval should be 14-20 days.
Similar remedies
If it was not possible to purchase Oksikhom, experts advise replacing it with other copper-containing drugs. These include:
- HOM - copper oxychloride is a partial replacement for this fungicide, because it acts only by contact. The greatest effectiveness is manifested in preventive treatments and at the initial stage of the disease (see → HOM: use in the garden, consumption rate, reviews)
“HOM” – partially replaces Oksikhom. As a rule, both drugs are produced by the same manufacturers.
- “Bayleton” has general spheres of influence, for example, it effectively fights late blight, scab, downy mildew, and grape mildew. Can serve as a replacement drug to prevent resistance.
- “Barrier” is a biofungicide for the preventive protection of plants from late blight, scab, downy mildew, etc. It differs from Oxychom in its limited time of use and helplessness in the face of severe infection.
- "Albit" is a biological protection agent and plant growth regulator. Has a protective and anti-stress effect. Works only as a preventive fungicide or in case of mild infection (see → Albit: application, consumption rate, reviews)
- "Alirin-B" is a biological preparation based on a living microculture - Bacillus subtilis. It is used not only to fight diseases, but also to heal the soil from infection (see → when to treat Alirin B, application, reviews).
Precautionary measures
When treating with Oxyx fungicide, you will need protective clothing and a face mask.
The drug is toxic and belongs to the first hazard class. Therefore, it is allowed to be used only after certain protective measures. While spraying Oxychome, you should refrain from smoking and eating. You need to wear a mask and goggles on your face, and gloves on your hands. After treatment, you must wash your hands and face and rinse your mouth.
Attention! Spraying must be carried out with a high-quality device. Drops of the solution should not be allowed to roll down the leaves.
Advantages and disadvantages of Oksikhom
The drug has no serious disadvantages, other than toxicity to humans. Oxychome is not suitable for preparing tank mixtures; it is incompatible with other drugs, especially alkaline ones. But this factor cannot be considered a disadvantage, since Oxychom is quite effective as an independent remedy; auxiliary impurities are not needed.
What positive qualities of the drug are highlighted by gardeners and gardeners:
- high efficiency in the fight against fungal diseases;
- therapeutic and long-lasting protective effect;
- quick results (in 2–3 hours).
One more advantage can be highlighted - Oksikhom is suitable for carrying out anti-resistant programs. This is an alternation of drugs to prevent fungal resistance to the components of various products.
How does it work?
The drug contains two active ingredients that differ in nature and mechanism of action.
The fungicidal activity of copper oxychloride depends on the rate of release of copper ions into water droplets on the surface of plants from the water-insoluble basic copper chloride salt, which is formed during the preparation of the working fluid.
Penetrating into a spore or conidia of a fungus germinating in a drop of water, copper ions actively interact with various vital biochemical centers, which leads to the death of the pathogen.
Oxadixil is quickly absorbed by plant leaves and moves acropetally (can partially move translaminar).
Penetrating into the germinating spore (conidia) or mycelium of the fungus, it inhibits the synthesis of ribosomal RNA, leading to the cessation of protein synthesis. The substance most strongly suppresses the active post-infectious stages of fungal development.
Methods of application
There are several methods for applying fungicides. Each of them has its own characteristics of use. In addition to disinfecting soil, grains and plants, fungicides can be used to treat crop storage (grain, vegetables).
For soil
The main task of fungicides is soil disinfection. Contact mixtures can be used before and after sowing. The substrate is processed by watering, adding a dry preparation, followed by irrigation. The fungicide can be used for both continuous and row application.
For plants
Leaves and other parts of terrestrial plants should be treated using a sprayer. To do this, you can use both manual devices and professional devices. Spray should only be done in calm weather. It is best to do this in the morning or evening.
This method of treating plants is often used at home. The number of procedures depends on how long the drug retains its properties on the surface of the leaves.
For seeds
The most effective way is to treat the seeds before sowing. To do this, you can use both dry and liquid forms of the drug. The most popular method is to treat the grains with powder. Seed dressing with moisture is also widely used. After this treatment, they must be thoroughly dried.
Often, stimulating mixtures are applied over fungicides, resulting in the formation of a kind of capsule. When it hits the ground, it is destroyed.
Reviews
Tatiana. Late blight appears on tomatoes every year, no matter what I treat the beds with, by the time the drug takes effect, a significant part of the harvest has already been lost. 2 years ago I was advised to buy Oksikhom and start treating tomato bushes 15 days after planting, then 2 more times with the same interval. Although I didn’t believe in a good result, now I don’t even remember about late blight!
Alexei. I could not completely eradicate black bacterial spot on tomatoes. The treatments helped stop the development of the disease, but the next year, in a new place, the tomatoes were sick again. For a long time I used only biological drugs and folk recipes, avoided chemistry, in vain, only Oksikhom helped to completely get rid of the problem. If you use the insecticide correctly, it will not cause much harm to either humans or the environment.
Mechanism of action on infected flora
Oxychome was originally created to combat parasitic hornbeams, which belong to the oomycete family. In the agricultural sector, the drug is used to prevent and combat diseases such as:
- Diseases of root crops (late blight and alternaria);
- Disease of onions, tobacco and cucumbers (peronosporosis);
- Grape disease (mildya and anthracnose);
- Disease of apple and pear trees (spotting, scab, moniliosis);
- Diseases of cherries, plums, cherries and so on (moncliosis, curl, clustersparia).
It should be remembered that the last treatment with this drug should be carried out no earlier than 20 days before harvest. Since the pesticide needs time for all the active substances to leave the plant and not be deposited in the fruit.
Protective measures against toxic substances
In accordance with the instructions for the chemical Oxyx, this fungicide is a dangerous and toxic substance.
Therefore, it is necessary to follow the rules for using the drug, which include a number of points:
- When working with the substance, be sure to cover your face and hands;
- while spraying plants, it is prohibited to drink drinks, smoke or eat food;
- upon completion of work, you should thoroughly wash your face, hands with soap and rinse your mouth;
- It is strictly prohibited to use fungicide during rain.
If the concentrated preparation gets on the surface of the soil, it must be covered with dry sand. In some cases, gardeners remove the contaminated layer of soil (10 cm) and dispose of it away from the garden.
After the procedure, work clothes must be washed in soapy water to eliminate any remaining poison.
Store Oxychom in a cool, dry place away from children and pets. In addition, there should not be any medications taken by people or animals. Following simple safety rules is the key to good health.
