Strawberries were enjoyed by adults and children. Gardeners always set aside space in their garden plots for this useful and beautiful berry. However, not everyone manages to get a decent harvest. Strict implementation of certain agrotechnical measures is required. Proper transplantation of strawberries in the fall is one of the main conditions for annual fruiting. Let us consider in detail the timing of replanting and the basic rules for preparing the soil. Here are the instructions for replanting and a video where experienced gardeners talk about the secrets of cultivating the crop.
Why is it necessary to replant?
The main reason for transplanting a plant to another place is to further increase the yield.
A necessary measure to rejuvenate the plantation and preserve the harvest is to replant strawberries in the fall. When moving to another place, it is important to divide the plant or plant it using tendrils. There is no point in replanting a whole bush in a new place, because... an adult plant does not bear fruit as efficiently.
Main reasons for transplantation:
- Berries growing in one area for 3-4 years become small and lose their juiciness. The plant may stop bearing fruit altogether.
- The soil becomes depleted after a few years. Necessary microelements are not enough for the proper development of strawberries.
- Bacteria and fungus multiply in the soil over time. Timely moving to a new place will help avoid diseases and death of the plant.
- The whiskers that extend from the buds rise higher and higher on the stem every year. During the winter period they freeze, which leads to rapid aging of the plant.
- The accumulation of groundwater and the formation of lowlands are the reason for moving the beds.
Technology
Suitable for replanting in the fall are two-year-old seedlings that have a well-developed root system, at least 5 cm long, and formed from 4 or more leaves, as well as annual ones that have produced mustaches.
Old strawberries over 5 years old are not transplanted to new beds.
When planting purchased plants, they must first be disinfected:
- Immerse the roots in water heated to 50°C for 15 minutes;
- After warming up, leave the underground part in cold water for a similar period of time.
Planting bushes
In order to increase rooting, the roots of young seedlings are dipped in an aqueous mixture of clay and manure.
The berry crop is planted at a distance of 0.2 m between the bushes and 0.7-0.8 m between the rows in pre-organized and watered holes, straightening the roots, leaving the heart at a level of up to 1-2 cm above the ground surface.
After transplanting, the ridges are watered and mulched. When growing in a shelter, they are first lined with agrofibre, and then planted in cross-shaped holes formed in the material.
Landing with a mustache
Bushes with tendrils produce high-quality seedlings for planting in the fall, because... the tendrils take the maximum possible amount of nutrients and water from the parent plant.
The most viable shoots are those that formed near the main shoot.
Before planting the mustaches, the leaves located in the center are removed from each one, the roots are pinched by 1/3, dipped in a fertilizer mixture or a stimulant (for example, Epin or Kornevin). Plant with full immersion in the ground, without deepening below the growing point.
Planting by dividing the bush
You can plant a strawberry bush in the fall by dividing. Usually this method is recommended for remontant varieties that do not form a mustache. When separated, the quality characteristics of the mother plant are preserved and the chance of growing strong seedlings, which will produce a good harvest at the end of spring, increases.
An adult berry crop with a fully developed root system, 2-4 years old, is suitable for division.
Technology:
- the roots are inspected for the presence of rot, the affected fragments are cut off, the surviving parts are treated with a weak solution of potassium permanganate or a fungicidal preparation, the sections are sprinkled with charcoal;
- dividing the plant into 5-15 parts, each leaving 2-3 root branches and pairs of leaves;
- The cuttings are dried naturally and planted in open ground.
Time for transfer
The time for transplantation should be chosen based on the weather
The most optimal time for transplanting strawberries to a new place is autumn. You can begin gardening work as early as September, but experts recommend paying attention to the weather and climatic conditions in the region. If autumn is dry and hot, then it is better to postpone replanting for a month. When transplanted to a new place in the autumn, you can expect a rich harvest by the next season.
Advantages of transplanting in the fall:
- heavy and frequent rains will help take root;
- cool ambient temperature;
- the soil is warm and with high humidity;
- the plant will be able to get stronger before frost;
- after transplantation, flowering is expected by spring;
- absence of aggressive sunlight;
- seedlings will require less care;
- reduction of work scope at the end of the season.
Which planting is preferable: spring or autumn?
Many gardeners ask this question. Each option has both pros and cons. For example, if you plant garden strawberries in the spring, they will take root well and overwinter. But with autumn planting, you can get a harvest the following season. Thus, each gardener chooses the time for planting new plants himself.
If you didn’t have time to plant strawberries in the spring, it’s okay: you can do this at the end of summer. You already know how, all that remains is to purchase quality seedlings.
Selecting a location
The best place to transplant a plant is a small hill
Strawberries are very demanding in care and susceptible to environmental changes. Therefore, you need to be careful when choosing a place to transplant strawberries in the fall. The berry will develop well in beds where the following were previously grown: legumes, mustard, garlic, radishes, parsley and onions . These crops favorably prepare the soil for planting strawberries. Cucumbers, tomatoes and potatoes, on the contrary, deplete the soil . Also, these plants have the same diseases. If there is no choice, you need to pre-treat the bed from bacteria and feed the soil well.
The location for the beds must be chosen with a slope to avoid stagnation of groundwater. The permissible distance to the roots is considered to be 60 cm. Excessive moisture can affect the condition of the roots and lead to the death of the plant. The tilt should be approximately 2-3 degrees. In the lowlands, strawberries will be cold, because... The soil there warms up longer than on the plain.
It is recommended to prepare the site for the plant on the southwest side. According to experience, fruit ripening occurs earlier there. The berry does not tolerate drafts. A quiet, sunny place would be considered the most optimal. In the shade, growth and flowering are also possible, but the taste of the fruits will not be as juicy and sweet.
Planting work
To successfully plant a berry garden, planting material must be purchased at specialized sales points. You can use your own seedlings. In the latter case, only healthy specimens can be replanted. They should not show signs of disease.
Attention! Each strawberry plant selected for planting should have 3-4 healthy leaf blades (extra ones are removed) and roots 10 cm long.
Preparing the beds
For strawberries you need to choose the right site. A well-lit area, protected from powerful gusts of wind, is allocated for the future garden bed. It is optimal to plant strawberry bushes on the southwestern side of the summer cottage with a slope of 2-3 °. Direction: towards the sun.
When planting, you need to take into account garden crop rotation so as not to be surprised why weak plants were grown. The optimal predecessors for making a bed for strawberry seedlings are green manure, mustard, beans, peas, radishes, radishes, carrots, celery, parsley, onions and garlic. But nightshades, cucumbers and cabbage are poor predecessor crops that greatly deplete the soil. In addition, if strawberries grew on the site, then the bushes of this berry can be returned only after 5 years, when fertility has been restored and the supply of pests and infections has died.
Soil preparation
Regular manure is suitable as a fertilizer.
Proper selection and preparation of soil is necessary for subsequent plant growth and productivity. The berry will grow well in black soil and loamy soil. Transplanting strawberries into sandy or clay soil will reduce the quantity and quality of the harvest. In a wetland, the plant will die.
Before replanting to a new location, it is necessary to prepare the soil. In case of clay soil, it is necessary to add peat or manure. It is necessary to prepare sandy soils several years before replanting by planting legumes. To improve the composition and enrich it with useful substances, it is recommended to add a mixture of humus, superphosphate and potassium fertilizer. A bucket of fertilizing must be applied to each square meter of surface.
There should be no insect larvae in the garden bed. If pests are found, the soil must be treated urgently. After preparing the soil, the bed is dug up and loosened well. The day before planting, it is necessary to water generously. There is no need to form holes in advance.
Requirements for seedlings
When replanting, special attention should be paid to the rhizome of the plant.
Seedlings must be selected correctly in order to obtain strong and healthy plants in the future. Otherwise, transplanting strawberries will not give a good result.
Criteria for choosing seedlings:
It is important to pay attention to the size of the root system. The root base should not be less than 6 mm, and it is recommended to choose a root length of about 7 cm. Seedlings should have healthy stems without spots or altered appearance. It is required to give preference to plants with 3-5 leaves per bush. The best option would be to choose rosettes at the base of the plant. If the rosette is small and the root system is developed, then there will be no problems with rooting. It is necessary to give preference to strawberries no more than 3 years old. The older the plant, the worse the harvest will be.
If reproduction occurs by antennae, then this criterion is not taken into account. Only the first two tendrils need to be rooted. Others are removed so that the plant is not depleted.
It is advisable to transplant the seedlings immediately after digging them up. If it is not possible or you plan to transport the bushes, then the earthen ball must be wrapped in cellophane or a damp cloth. In the event that work will be carried out on the site, the seedlings can be buried in a dark place.
Planting methods
The location of the strawberries can be chosen based on the terrain
There are several ways to locate holes on open ground:
Planting in rows is the most popular method . The distance between plants should be 25 cm, and between rows at least 60 cm. Double-line planting of seedlings is recommended in areas with limited space. The only difference is the distance between the lines, it is 30 cm. Planting in a checkerboard pattern will require increased care and skill from the gardener. First, in order not to make a mistake, you need to mark the locations of the proposed holes.
Each gardener chooses the optimal location of the bushes based on his personal preferences. The main thing is to maintain minimum distances so that plants do not interfere with each other’s proper growth and development.
Transplant instructions
It is more effective to transplant strawberries with a clod of earth. In this case, the plant will quickly take root in its new location. The whole process consists of several stages. It's important to be consistent.
Step-by-step instruction:
- Initially, it is necessary to prepare the seedlings and fertilize the soil.
- The bed is watered with plenty of water the day before and allowed to dry.
- Next, outline the approximate location of the holes and dig them.
- After this, the seedlings are placed in a mixture of water and manure.
- Plant the seedlings into the hole very carefully so as not to damage them.
- The next step is to sprinkle the roots with soil.
- Then the soil under the bushes is compacted and watered.
- The final stage is mulching with sawdust or pine needles.
In case of transplantation with bare roots, the plant can be soaked in a rooting solution or in a disinfectant. If the seedling has abundant foliage, it is cut off. It is optimal to leave 3-4 sheets. The plant can grow stronger and take root within two weeks.
Strawberry care
Further care for strawberries will ensure a good harvest in the future.
After planting, the plants need to be well cared for. Proper watering, pruning and protection from pests will allow the root system to grow stronger. In this case, the plant will survive the cold and will delight you with fresh berries for several years.
After transplanting, it is necessary to water each bush 3 times a week. Watering must be carried out at the root of the plant. It is better to choose warm water that has stood for some time. It is not recommended to get liquid on the leaves and rosette. After two weeks, the plant will get stronger and the amount of watering will be reduced. It is important to ensure that the soil remains moist and loosened.
There is no need to trim leaves at first. It is necessary for the bush to form. Attention needs to be turned to the tendrils and peduncles. They need to be cut off at the base. A weakened plant should direct all nutrients to the formation and strengthening of the root system. Additional sprouts will lead to depletion of the bush.
Pests and diseases can damage the root system and lead to death, so it is important to take immediate action at the first sign. To get rid of larvae and insects, you need to prepare a mixture. The composition contains 10 liters of warm water and 3 tablespoons of karbofos. The solution must be thoroughly treated with the solution and covered with an airtight material. A solution of Bordeaux mixture is suitable for diseases and fungal infections. You can use copper oxychloride.
To prepare the bushes for winter, you need to first mulch the soil. Pine needles are suitable for this procedure. It will repel pests and protect against diseases. Next, the sprouts are covered with a protective layer no more than 4-5 cm in height. The following materials are suitable for covering: sawdust, leaves, straw, peat. Such a shelter will protect from frost and also allow the sprouts to breathe.
Let's sum it up
Strawberries can be replanted both in spring and autumn, but autumn planting has many advantages, one of which is the minimum labor costs for subsequent care. Bushes are replanted in different ways, depending on the type of seedlings available - two-year-old seedlings, annual ones with tendrils, dividing plants more than 2 years old.
Planting begins by region: in Siberia and the Urals in August-September, after which agrofibre is used for insulation. In the south, the deadline is shifted to the end of September - October. By following the rules of proper care after transplantation, you can expect good harvests at the end of spring.
Useful tips
The main advice when replanting is to carefully handle the roots of the plant.
There are recommendations from experienced gardeners:
It is recommended to plant approximately 3 weeks before the onset of frost. In this case, the strawberries will be able to get stronger. It is better to transplant strawberries on a cloudy day or in the evening. Sunlight can damage young plants.
It is not recommended to plant during or immediately after rain. You need to let the soil dry for several hours. If the plant is planned to be propagated using mustaches, it is recommended to plan planting at the beginning of September.
The subsequent strawberry harvest depends on the right location, soil and seedlings. You should not choose rosettes from mature plants that previously bore fruit. They will not produce a good harvest in the future.
If there are no quality seedlings on the site, you can purchase them from nurseries or ask your neighbors. It is advisable to plant different varieties so that there is a tasty harvest throughout the season.
How to plant strawberries in the fall
Autumn planting rules
How to plant strawberries in the fall? Proper planting of strawberries in the fall is done in the evening or on a cloudy day. Strawberries are planted in furrows spilled with water, made with a hoe along a stretched cord.
At what distance should I plant strawberries? The strawberry planting scheme looks like this: the distance between furrows should be 60-80 cm, and between seedlings in a row - 15-20 cm. With this planting, the plants overwinter better, close faster and bear fruit well. Dip the roots of the seedlings, treated with a clay mash, vertically into the soil and embed them, leaving the hearts above the surface. Press the soil around the bushes so that they are not easily pulled out, and mulch the area with humus or peat.
Planting strawberries with a mustache in open ground
For planting, you can take seedlings grown from your own strawberries: after fruiting, select healthy bushes two years old, which this year did not produce a very large harvest, dig the first 2-4 tendrils extending from them into cups and, when they take root, pinch off the tendrils that grow further. . By the time of planting, you will already have strong seedlings with roots in a glass, and all you have to do is remove excess leaves from the seedlings.
The sockets are installed in the same way as described in the previous section. Do not take rosettes from bushes that bore fruit abundantly this year, since they are unlikely to produce rosettes that are promising for planting: in one growing season, a bush can either produce a full-fledged harvest of berries or full-fledged seedlings.
- Volzhanka: planting and care
Planting strawberries on agrofibre
Many gardeners prefer to plant strawberries under agrofibre. Planting strawberries under black covering material is carried out in order to reduce labor costs and increase yields by about a third. This topic deserves a separate article, but we will briefly tell you what the essence of the agricultural technique is.
Agrofibre saves strawberries from weeds and serves as protection from drought, snow, rain and other unpleasant phenomena. This environmentally friendly covering material is extremely resistant to ultraviolet rays and has qualities such as air and water permeability. It can be used to mulch the root zones of garden shrubs and trees.
The width of the agrofibre is 1.6 m or 3.2 m, so it is advisable to make the strawberry bed so wide that it can be covered with one strip of material. If your beds are wider, you will have to connect the strips of fabric not end-to-end, but overlapping with an overlap of at least 20 cm. Prepare the bed as described above and carry out deep loosening of the soil - for the next 3-4 years you will not have to dig the ground under the fiber . Add organic matter and mineral fertilizers to the soil in advance - fertilizing strawberries when planting is undesirable.
Divide the wire into pieces 70-80 cm long and bend each of them in half - these will be the pins with which you will secure the covering material. Lay agrofibre on the bed, attach it with pins to the ground along the perimeter and along the line of connection of the strips and press down the corners and joints with stones, boards or paving slabs. If the area covered with fiber is too wide, lay paths of boards or tiles along it so that you can reach each bush from the aisle.
Place chalk marks on the fiber in the places where the bushes will be planted, make a cross-shaped cut with a knife in place of the marks and bend the resulting corners outward. How to properly plant strawberries under (or on) agrofibre? Make holes in the soil under the cross-shaped cuts, plant strawberries in them as described, bend the corners of agrofibre into the holes, fill the holes with soil and water each bush with water. Remember that strawberries do not like deep planting - the heart of the bush should remain above the surface.
