How to transplant grapes in the fall to another place in the fall: timing and rules of transplantation

Why replant grapes in the fall

There is only one good reason why grapes will need to be replanted - it is an unsuccessful choice of the previous location. Unsuitable soil or close proximity to fruit trees that shade make it necessary to move the grape bush to a new, more comfortable location.

Large-scale replanting is planned if it is necessary to create a vineyard plantation. Group plantings are convenient because there is no need to make a separate trellis for each bush. They are easier to care for.

Replanting is a stressful procedure for a bush, so the likelihood of infection with phylloxera increases, and fruiting is disrupted for 2-3 years.

Types of grapes, features of their transplantation

As you know, grapes are popular not only on our tables, but also in decorating gardens and personal plots. The most common types of grapes in our latitudes are:

maiden;
wild;
dining room

Each species has its own characteristics in cultivation, care and replanting.

For example, wild grapes are completely unpretentious; they can grow in any conditions. Maiden grapes are a separate, “cultivated” variety of wild grapes. These species do not require special care. The vines are stable, grow very quickly to a height of up to 20 meters and are capable of entwining a small structure in 2-3 years. In order not to overdo it with decorating the area, you will have to trim off excess vines from time to time.

Wild grapes are used for decorative purposes

Wild grapes do not bear fruit, and the fruits of the virgin grape vine are completely unsuitable for human food. But with the help of this beautiful plant you can transform your yard or garden, and disguise not very aesthetically pleasing yard buildings.

Transplanting wild or virgin grapes will not require much trouble from you. The main thing is to choose a well-lit place. The plant, although it easily tolerates shading, is still a light-loving plant.

Maiden grapes will be an excellent decoration for your site

Table grapes are a completely different matter. It is used fresh for food, for making jam, compotes, juices and wine. This means that the main thing in growing table grapes is getting a large harvest of berries, and decorating the plot comes in second place. It is very important here to choose the right place and not make mistakes during the transplant. We will talk about this in more detail.

Table grapes require special care, including attention when transplanting

Deadlines

The grapes are replanted in late autumn after sap flow is complete. If the procedure is performed too early, the plant will die. The optimal time is the second half of October. There is no point in delaying until the beginning of November until the autumn frosts begin. The bush should have time to take root.

Signs

Grapes need to be replanted after they have shed their leaves.
The timing may vary depending on the region. For example, in the Moscow region, grapes are transplanted in the second half of October, in the northern regions - in early October, and in the southern regions - in early November.

But it’s better to focus on the characteristic signs of a bush’s readiness to “move” to a new location and weather forecasters’ forecasts:

1.5–2 weeks ago the bush dropped its leaves;
There are more than 2 weeks left before the start of night frosts.

Regardless of the growing region, the transplanted bush must be covered for the winter, since its frost resistance is reduced.

The right day

The procedure should be planned in warm, dry and windless weather. If autumn is dry, it is good if it rains in a few days.

Suitable morning or evening, after 16:00. If the weather is cloudy, then you can dig up the bush during the day.

When is it better to replant a grape bush - in spring or autumn?

The optimal time for transplantation is determined by the particular climate of a particular area, but in general, winegrowers believe that autumn is the best time for this procedure. Arguments in favor of autumn transplantation:

The bush is already preparing for winter sleep; it feels “calmer” than in the spring, when the juices are already bubbling in it.
In temperate latitudes in the fall, the earth still retains summer warmth, and the roots of the transplanted grape plant will feel more comfortable. Such transplanted grapes confidently grow fresh roots by winter and have time to take root.
Autumn is the time of rain, therefore, the transplanted plant will not need regular watering.
If we talk about warmer latitudes, then replanting grapes in the spring is fraught with the risk that the plant will dry out: only the roots will be watered, and the fragile vine will not be able to withstand the heat (in the south, spring is sometimes equivalent to summer in temperate latitudes).
Finally, in the autumn, gardeners finish digging up plants, so those who want to replant have a much wider selection of seedlings.

Place

A suitable place is the key to rapid growth and development of the bush, abundant fruiting.

Grapes should never be replanted in place of a removed bush or in soil that has been fertilized with compost that contains vines or leaves.

Characteristics of a favorable place

Grapes love a bright place, protected from the wind.
To ensure that the grapes have a strong vine, are less sick and produce a rich harvest, provide suitable conditions:

the area is well lit, in the daytime there is no shadow from buildings;
there are no fruit trees or berry bushes at a distance of 2–3 m;
the place is protected from drafts; it is better to plant bushes along the southern walls of buildings;
the soil is well drained, the depth of groundwater is more than 1 m, since grapes do not like stagnant moisture;
pH level from 5.5 to 7.0 (depending on the variety), too acidic or alkaline soil is not suitable.

Grapes are not very demanding on soil fertility, but on poor lands the yield will decrease. Too dense clay soils are enriched with peat and manure. Excessively sandy soils are fertilized with organic fertilizers: peat, humus, humus, compost.

Do not overuse nitrogenous fertilizers. Excess nitrogen in the soil will lead to excessive vine growth and poor fruiting.

How to replant grapes correctly

Moving grapes to a new place is carried out in several stages, starting from choosing a new place and ending with planting the dug out bush. Let's consider what nuances need to be taken into account and how to properly transplant a bush so that the plant feels comfortable in the future.

Selection and preparation of a place for transplantation

Grapes are a heat-loving plant, so choosing the right place for them to live is very important . The following subtleties must be taken into account:

the area should be well lit, protected from wind and drafts;
grapes do not like stagnant moisture, so groundwater on the site should not be closer than 1 m to the surface;
a plant placed near the southern walls of buildings will receive more heat in the future;
It is not recommended to plant bushes near trees - as they grow, they will begin to shade the grapes;
Grapes are undemanding to the composition of the soil, but it is better not to plant them on swampy soils and salt marshes.

If you are fertilizing a new area with compost, it is important to remember that it should not contain any remains of grape leaves or vines. It is better to burn this waste and feed the bush with the resulting ash. This way you can avoid contracting diseases.

The planting pit must be prepared at least a month before transplanting. Otherwise, the earth will begin to settle and cause the plant’s root system to deepen. When arranging a pit, the following requirements must be observed:

the dimensions of the recess depend on the age of the bush: the older the bush, the larger the hole should be - from 60 cm to 100 cm;
the depth of the hole also depends on the composition of the soil: on light sandy soils - 50-60 cm, on heavy loams - at least 70-80 cm (at the bottom it is better to arrange drainage from expanded clay, gravel or broken brick);
in regions with harsh winters, the bush is placed deeper to protect weakened roots from freezing;
when moving a large number of bushes, the distance between them is determined based on the growth strength of the bush: for low-growing bushes - at least 2 m; for vigorous growers - about 3 m;
the lower part of the pit is filled with earth, thoroughly mixed with organic (6–8 kg of humus) or mineral fertilizers (150–200 g of superphosphate, 75–100 g of ammonium sulfate and 200–300 g of wood ash).
Read also: Topaz fungicide instructions for use, achieved effect
To organize the feeding of the roots, install a piece of asbestos or plastic pipe into the dug hole. Then the fertilizer solution will go directly to its destination

Iron-containing fertilizers can be rusty cans or nails, burned over a fire and added to the pit during transplantation.

Selection for planting

In the fall, seedlings up to two years of age, young and mature bushes are replanted. In addition to transplanting the entire vine, layering and cuttings are planted.

Characteristics of suitable seedlings

Young and healthy bushes are suitable. It is better to move one-year or two-year-olds to a new location. But if necessary, mature bushes that are more than 7 years old are also suitable, although their survival rate is worse.

The optimal age of grapes for transplanting to a new place is 5–6 years. This is due to the active growth of young roots and better survival rate. After 6 years of age, the growth of the root system slows down.

Transplanting adult bushes is also difficult because they have an overgrown root system, which is difficult to remove from the ground without damage.

Cutting cuttings

Grape cuttings
Cuttings are prepared in the fall, when the vine is pruned, preparing it for wintering. Requirements for cuttings:

thickness 5–10 mm;
the cut is made from one-year-old shoots;
the middle part of the vine is taken;
length - at least 5-6 ocelli.

Until February, the cuttings are stored in the basement, sprinkled with a layer of sand. At the beginning of spring, they are placed in water with the addition of a growth stimulator.

Replanting the entire vine

This is possible without significant damage to the root system only for vines up to 3 years old. It is better to move bushes older than 6 years to a new location by layering; at the same time, you can rejuvenate the vine.

By layering

Scheme for propagating grapes by layering for replanting
This is the easiest way to propagate or rejuvenate old bushes for inexperienced gardeners. Choose a lower, well-developed vine, without signs of disease. It must be long enough to bury the cuttings at the required distance from the mother bush.

Rooting can take from several months to a year. Only in the fall of next year can the shoot be planted in a new place; it cannot be separated from the mother bush before.

Useful video about transplantation and propagation by layering

Timing and optimal age

In what month to replant grapes depends on the region. The main condition for the roots to adapt well is to choose a moment when the soil is still warm like summer. In the south, the first ten days of November are considered ideal, when the vine goes into a dormant state, but the roots are still developing. In the middle zone, frosts come earlier, so the optimal period here is September-October.

Old bushes need to be replanted extremely carefully, since it is impossible to guess how much the root system has grown. When digging, there is a high risk of damaging the roots. And recovery may take several years. A vine over 7 years old is considered an adult. It is recommended to move young plants over one year old.

Read more about the rules for replanting grapes.

Technology of transplanting grapes to a new place

If possible, the bush is transferred entirely along with a lump of earth in order to reduce the risk of damaging the root system. The vine must be pruned; the balance between the above-ground and underground parts is important. Replant grapes correctly, leaving shoots no more than 20 cm in length.

Pruning is carried out before digging up the bush, and not after planting it in a new place.

Particular attention is paid not only to digging and choosing a location, but also to preparing the planting hole.

Soil preparation by soil type

Preparing a hole for transplanting a bush
Approximately a month in advance, prepare the soil. It should be fertile, well drained and not too tight.

Preparation rules:

Dig a hole slightly larger than the expected size of the root system. On average, the width is 60 cm, the depth is 80–100 cm. If you plan to plant several bushes, maintain a distance of at least 2 m.
Place a layer of 10 cm of pebbles or crushed bricks on the bottom.
Mix the top layer of soil, about 1/3 of the volume, with 10 kg of manure, 1 kg of ash and 200 g of any mineral fertilizer that contains potassium and phosphorus.

The amount of fertilizer and preparation depend on the type of soil. Acidic ones need to be alkalized with lime or dolomite flour, 100 g/m2 is enough. This procedure is carried out one year before the move. Too alkaline soils are fertilized with peat.

When growing grapes on sandy and sandy loam soils, more manure and compost are added. If the soil is heavy and loamy, then increase the volume of potassium-phosphorus fertilizers to 300 g. In addition to drainage, add a little sand to the bottom of the planting hole.

Transplantation process

Transplanting a bush with a clod of earth
There are several ways to plant grapes, depending on the age of the vine. It is easiest to replant annual or biennial bushes with a clod of earth. They take root better and begin bearing fruit faster.

Transplantation with a clod of earth:

Prepare a planting hole in advance, size 1x1 m, so that the earthen ball fits.
Trim the vine, leaving the strongest shoots, no more than 2 pieces. on each sleeve. Height from the soil surface – 20 cm.
Dig a bush at a distance of 50x80 cm.
Carefully remove it along with the lump of earth. The soil can be watered beforehand to keep it in shape, but usually the soil is moist in the fall, so watering is not necessary.
Move the vineyard into the prepared hole, 10 cm below the previous level.
Cover with fertile soil.
Pour 10–20 liters of water.
After the liquid has been absorbed, pour the soil on top in a mound up to 10 cm high.

If the bush is older than 3 years, then it is problematic to dig it up with a lump of earth and move it to another place. Preference is given to the method of transplantation with a partially exposed root.

Replanting with a partially exposed root

The process of planting in a new place is not much different, the only difference is in the digging:

Trim the sleeves, leaving shoots up to 20 cm in length.
Dig the bush in a circle at least 60 cm deep, up to 60–80 cm.
Using a shovel, pull the root system out of the hole and carefully knock down a lump of earth.
Shorten large roots by 10–15 cm, cut out superficial ones completely. Treat the cuts with garden varnish.
Move the grapes to a new location and plant.

If you have pre-prepared bare-root seedlings, the transplant process looks like this:

Trim the vine, leaving 2–4 sleeves, each with 2 shoots with at least 3 buds.
Fill the prepared hole one third with fertile soil, carefully place the seedling on top at an angle of 45⁰, straighten the roots.
Gradually cover with soil.
Pour 10 liters of water and gently compact the soil. Make a mound up to 10 cm high.
If necessary, tie the vine to a support, which is inserted into the ground on the side of the hole.

Shorten the roots before planting. Side ones - by 2-3 cm, heel ones - by 10-12, and cut out the surface ones completely.

Features for different types

For the transfer to be successful, it is necessary to take into account the age of the seedling. The younger he is, the less digging he will need to do:

Bush age	Pit size, cm (width x height)	Number of eyes
1 year	30 x 30	2 –3
2 years	30 x 60	2 –3
3 years	50 x 80	4
4–5 years	60 x 90	5–6

Bushes older than 6–7 years are transferred by layering, which are rooted at a distance of 2–2.5 years. If the growing location is not satisfactory, they can be moved to a new location after 1–2 years.

For a seedling to take root, its height must reach at least 20 cm.

As for transferring a varietal bush to a new location using cuttings, only rooted cuttings are planted in open ground in the fall. Freshly cut ones are placed in a cellar or planted in a special greenhouse, where they are protected from frost.

Before planting annual shoots in open ground from a greenhouse, they need to be hardened for 4–5 days, leaving them without shelter in the fresh air.

When planting cuttings, only one bud is left above the soil surface, the shoot is immersed to a depth of 0.5 m, placed at an angle of 45⁰.

Caring for the bush after transplantation

The main thing is to have time to replant the grapes before the first frost. The root system is very fragile and may not tolerate cold weather.

At first, water the grape bushes, but not often, but as needed. After you cover the plants for the winter, watering should be stopped.

Grapes transplanted in autumn do not need additional feeding. You provided additional soil fertilizer before planting, at the stage of preparing the planting hole.

If you want the restoration of the grape bush in a new place to proceed faster, and the plant to gain the required volume of above-ground and underground parts, before winter you can organize a constant supply of moisture and fertilizers to the area of the heel roots.

At the bottom of the planting hole, on a layer of soil with fertilizers, lay 10 centimeters of drainage made of gravel, crushed stone, and brick chips.
Take a pipe with a diameter of 10–15 cm (made of plastic or asbestos) and place it in the hole at an angle. Place its lower end against the gravel in the corner so that the upper end is on the south side and looks out of the hole by 5–10 cm.
Plant the bush using one of the above methods.

This way you can feed and water the bush directly through the pipe.

Aftercare

Compliance with the rules of transplantation is a guarantee of a good harvest.
After transplantation, time is needed for rooting. To speed up this process, proper care is important.

Watering

In autumn there is enough moisture, so you often don’t need to water the grapes. 1-2 times is enough. As soon as it gets colder, stop watering and cover the vine.

Overmoistening the soil will lead to root rot and freezing.

Loosening the soil

There is no need to loosen the soil in the fall. Subsequent loosening and fertilization is carried out in the spring.

Top dressing

In the fall, the bush is not fed; fertilizers applied during planting are sufficient for rooting. The next year, to accelerate development, root or foliar feeding is carried out 2-3 times a year with mineral compounds containing potassium and phosphorus.

In the first year after transplantation, grapes should not be allowed to bear fruit.

Frost protection

After planting, mulch the soil with peat, make a mound of soil and cover with straw. Whether to completely cover the vine for the winter depends on the variety. Although in regions with cold climates, transplanted bushes should be covered with spunbond.

Transplanting a young bush

The method of transplantation depends on the age of the plant

The choice of method also depends on the age of the plant. A seedling, 1-3 years old, is planted in a large hole. To help the roots stick together better, stop watering 2-3 days in advance. When planting in an old place, the soil in the hole must be renewed. Transplantation of a plant with a clod of earth is carried out in a certain sequence:

cut, leaving 2 sleeves;
there should be at least two shoots left on one sleeve;
the plant is dug up, leaving the lower roots;
planted in a hole 10 cm deeper than the previous one;
fall asleep, water with 10 liters of water.

What to do in spring

When warm weather sets in, the shelter is removed. Remove straw and other mulch and loosen the soil. At this time, the first feeding and preventive treatment are carried out. Before the buds swell, the vine is sprayed with a 3% solution of Bordeaux mixture, then a 1% solution is used.

Among fertilizers, preference is given to ash, manure, urea, and superphosphate.

If you take into account the timing and other rules of transplantation, the transplanted bush will take root. Take care of it correctly so that it grows the vine faster and bears fruit better.

Photo: pixabay.com, pinterest.com

Transplanting an adult bush

Transplanting an adult bush with bare roots to another place is carried out as follows:

cut, leaving 3-4 sleeves;
only 2 shoots with 3 buds are left on the sleeves;
when digging, it is important not to touch the root;
the shoots that are below are removed;
the plant is planted 20 cm deeper than the previous hole;
sprinkle with earth and water abundantly.

If you follow all the recommendations, then transplanting an adult three-year-old seedling to another place is not difficult. In a short time it will fully recover, and will begin to bear fruit in 2 years.

You can replant grapes that do not have a clod of soil. To do this, cut off the damaged shoots and those that grow deeper than 20 cm, leave 2 sleeves and 2 shoots on the sleeves. The sections are lubricated with a mixture of manure and clay. At the bottom of the hole, pour a small mound of earth and place the bush so that the plant completely encloses it. Then they fall asleep, compact and water with 2 buckets of water. It is advisable to mulch the soil with leaves.

Autumn replanting usually ends with the transplanted grapes being covered in winter. During the first years after planting, the inflorescences of bushes transplanted in autumn are pruned without touching the vine.

General information about transplanting grapes

Why replant grapes? The reasons are different:

incorrectly chosen place for cultivation in the garden;
redevelopment of the site;
construction of an outbuilding;
inconvenient neighborhood (bushes or trees grow nearby that interfere with the grapes);
the specifics of the variety were not taken into account during the first planting (the bushes have grown large, the feeding area for planting is not enough).

When planning the procedure, take into account agricultural technology and cultural characteristics. It is advisable to transplant the grapes to another place in the fall, while the bushes are no more than 5-6 years old. Because they adapt faster to new conditions. The best time is spring or autumn, the period when the grapes “sleep” and are at rest.

A new area for planting is prepared in advance by adding the necessary fertilizers and cultivating the soil. Before transplanting adult grapes, you will need to trim the above-ground part, so the plants will more easily withstand stress and take root better. After adaptation, the inflorescences are removed from the bushes of the transplanted vineyard, not allowing them to bear fruit for a couple of years. The bushes will gain strength, become stronger, and after 2-3 years fruiting is allowed.

Why is a transplant performed?

The most common reasons for moving a grape bush are:

Garden redevelopment;
Planting grape varieties in rows, which is more convenient for the summer resident;
Transferring a bush to third parties (neighbors, friends) or vice versa, taking a grape bush from friends to grow a crop on their own plot;
Planting maiden grapes (vines without fruits) to decorate vertical or horizontal surfaces. The empty vine beautifully envelops houses or front gardens.

Structure of a grape bush
Interesting: Pruning grapes in autumn: basic rules

Preparation

First of all, choose a place: well lit by the sun, without drafts. It is recommended to plant seedlings near walls and fences that protect the plantings from the winds.

On a note!

You cannot replant grapes where bushes of this crop have already grown before. There, the soil becomes tired and there is a small amount of nutrients needed by plants.

Southern and southwest-facing slopes are suitable, with the rows oriented in the direction from south to north. Maintain the distance between the holes, otherwise thickening of the plantings and intertwining of the vines cannot be avoided.

Preparing a grape bush

The vines are pruned, leaving branches no higher than 18-20 cm. The cuts are treated with gardening varnish, then they begin to dig up the bush. It is important to keep the underground trunk, roots and heel of the bushes intact.

For better survival, the roots of the dug up bushes are immersed in a special mash (two shovels of mullein, a shovel of clay are stirred in water to a creamy consistency).

Pit preparation

Well-prepared soil is the key to rapid adaptation of grape plantings in a new location and the elimination of the appearance of diseases. The soil begins to be prepared 3-4 weeks before the proposed work. After digging holes, they are left to allow the soil to settle, then fertilizers mixed with soil are added.

Nutrient mixture:

chernozem (4-6 kg);
superphosphate (250 grams);
wood ash silt potassium salt (150 grams each).

The components are mixed, half is poured into the bottom of the pit. After planting, the roots are sprinkled with the remaining mixture, soil and lightly compacted.

Threats to grapes during transplantation

When planning to replant grapes, do not forget to provide the plants with complete and proper care. Without following the rules, there are many risks of losing the bushes, losing the variety and losing the harvest.

Threats:

within a couple of years you will have to stop picking berries from the transplanted vines;
berries of a certain variety often change their taste;
transplanted plants are more often susceptible to infections (the insidious phylloxera is especially dangerous).

It is not allowed to place a bush in place of harvested plants, as this leads to diseases of the crop. There is a high risk of losing a plant when transplanting grapes over 7-8 years of age, but with care and proper care, such specimens will survive.