Educational program on varieties of peaches. For central Russia, Moscow region, Crimea, Kuban

Variety of peach varieties

Owners of personal plots are amazed by the sea of ​​peach varieties, which differ in shape, smell, color or ripening time, height and structure of the crown, and growing conditions. Pomologists distinguish peach trees by the appearance of their fruits and divide them into 4 categories:

1. True peaches include plants that have pubescence on the fruit and the pit can be easily removed. There is a separate group of pavia - the stone is not separated, but the skin is pubescent.
2. Fruits with smooth skin and easily separated seeds are nectarines. Those whose stones cannot be removed are brugnons.
3. The wild Potanin peach has a low crown, up to 2 m.
4. Fig or Fergana peach with flattened fruits. The name is given because of its similarity to fig fruits.

New trees appear in each group every year. Modern selection is aimed at breeding frost-resistant or drought-resistant, columnar and dwarf trees. The culture differs in terms of ripening. Decorative specimens with burgundy or reddish leaves are popular.

Self-pollinating, self-fertile peaches: Inca, Vulcan, Harnas, Golden Jubilee

Self-pollinating varieties are very popular among gardeners. To increase fruiting, it is recommended to plant several plants for cross-pollination. But one tree will also bear fruit.

Among the self-pollinating, self-fertile varieties, Inka, Vulcan, Kharnas, and Golden Jubilee give a good harvest in a single planting.

Kharnas belongs to the winter-hardy, early-ripening dessert varieties. This is a vigorous tree that bears fruit regularly. Its peculiarity is that the fruits hold tightly to the branches and do not fall off.

Early ripening varieties are distinguished by high winter hardiness of trees and flower buds. They can withstand return frosts. This makes it possible to grow them not only in southern latitudes, but also in the middle zone, as well as in Siberia and the Urals.

Self-pollinating varieties of peaches: Inca, Vulcan, Kharnas, Golden Jubilee

In the regions of Siberia, it is necessary to protect trees from recurrent frosts.

Mid-season varieties grow a decent crown and only then delight with a rich harvest. Their disadvantage is that it is difficult to form branches, but a regular and generous harvest allows you to turn a blind eye to this.

The branches of mid-season varieties often bend down, which makes harvesting easier.

The disadvantage of late-ripening varieties is that they can only grow in a certain area. But if climatic conditions allow, then these trees will not only decorate the garden, but will also delight you with delicious fruits.

Plants respond favorably to fertilizing and watering. Water plays a big role in the formation of fruits. Not only the size of the peaches, but also their taste and aroma depends on its quantity.

Give your seedlings a little attention and care so that they can turn into beautiful trees and delight you with a harvest every year.

When do peaches ripen?

Peach trees bloom and bear fruit over extended periods. The early ones enter the flowering phase in April-May, but due to their properties they can withstand spring return frosts down to -7.5 °C. Such varieties are planted in the middle climate zone, as well as in the Urals and Siberia. The fruits have time to ripen during the short warm season until mid-July and the first ten days of August.

Many representatives of the group of mid-season plants are frost-resistant. The ripening period for peaches is from August 10-12 to the end of the month. They are often grown in different regions of Russia, placed in cozy areas protected from the wind.

Late varieties are intended only for the North Caucasus region or the south of Crimea. They ripen from early September to October. In colder climates, the fruits of Southern peach varieties do not develop sweetness until frost.

Tree care rules

Peach care will consist of periodic watering, fertilizing, seasonal pruning and pest control. The list of care measures will be the same for all stone fruit trees.

Watering and fertilizers

In the first year of growing season, 2-3 waterings per month are sufficient. Peach is an unpretentious plant, so it does not require abundant irrigation.

General watering rules:

1. Watering begins with the beginning of the growing season and ends in September after harvest.
2. Focus on the condition of the soil. If it is too dry, you can water the plant.
3. The optimal watering technique is slow drip irrigation.
4. Apply mulch to retain soil moisture in sandy soils. The layer thickness is 2-3 cm if sawdust and other organic materials are used.

Inspect the tree before applying fertilizer. The growth of peach branches should be about 20–30 cm per year. If this is the case, then feeding is not needed. In other cases, focus on 2 feedings per year:

• in the spring, to enhance crown growth and the formation of ovaries in the budding phase, fertilizers with a large proportion of nitrogen are applied;
• In summer, phosphorus-potassium fertilizers are applied to ripen the crop.

Important! Fertilizer application stops by July 1st. At this time, the tree has already formed fruits and provided them with nutrition. Feeding will not affect their further development.

Some gardeners recommend 3 feedings. 2 of them are root, and the third is spraying the crown of the tree during fruiting.

Crown trimming and shaping

Pruning is a very important part of proper peach tree care. This stimulates growth and makes it easier for the gardener to care for. Pruning is carried out in winter, when the peach is dormant.

The natural shape a tree takes is not always the best for maximum fruit production. The peach crown is shaped like an “open center” or an inverted pyramid. This design keeps the crown as open as possible to the sun and also prevents the occurrence of brown rot.

We advise you to read about the rules for pruning peach trees in spring and autumn.

Techniques for crown formation and pruning:

1. A year after planting, shorten the central trunk. This will direct the sap to 3-4 strong side shoots. Choose ones that are evenly spaced around the trunk. The length of the selected branches can be reduced by 1/3.
2. The following year, fast-growing new shoots are cut off, but branches that will bear fruit are left. Leave additional side branches if needed.
3. In the fourth year of growth, prune any broken or intersecting branches, but leave the crown until the peach is at peak production.
4. A portion of the old branches of a ripe peach is removed annually for rejuvenation.
5. Also remove any branches that form V-shaped corners. They will certainly split under the weight of the fruit and damage the trunk. The normal angle of inclination of peach branches is at 10 or 2 o'clock.

Preparing the tree before winter

Peach trees are the least winter-hardy of all garden crops. Most varieties may lose fruit buds if the thermometer drops below -31°C. Therefore, they must be protected from frost.

You should start by placing the seedling in a sunny area with protection from northern winds. Water should not stagnate near the roots during rains or thaws. This is especially important in late autumn, since water turning into ice can damage the roots and branches of the tree. The second period in terms of danger is spring and its thaws.

Video: Sheltering a peach for the winter

Main events:

1. To prevent the trunk from being damaged by frost, it is whitened with lime in the fall.
2. Avoid fertilizing trees late in the season as this increases the risk of winter frost damage.
3. Mulch the root zone in October. This will help protect the roots from frost. Remove the mulch layer in April before the buds open.
4. In regions with frosty winters, it is recommended to install special canopies to protect against frost. A frame is erected over the tree, which is covered with film, burlap or plywood. During the day, the covering is removed to allow access to sunlight, and installed at night.

Did you know? In China, the peach symbolizes immortality and unity. Chinese women use peach flowers to decorate their hair during their wedding ceremony.

Classification of peach varieties by ripening time

According to the time of fruit ripeness, peach trees are divided into early, mid-ripening, and late.

Early peach varieties

Early ripening plants bear fruit from 2-3 years. In most regions of Russia, it is necessary to plant zoned peaches. There are many European varieties that ripen in early summer, in June, but they may not take root in a continental climate, but only in the southern regions. Popular are frost-resistant representatives, fast-growing and resistant to pathogens of characteristic diseases. Gardeners will be able to navigate the varieties of peaches with photos and descriptions.

The Fluffy Early variety can withstand frosts down to -28 °C, is slightly susceptible to diseases, and is zoned for the North Caucasus. The skin is creamy-greenish with a blush, the flesh is whitish, sweet and aromatic, satisfying in taste. The oval-round fruits weigh up to 100 g and ripen in July.

The name itself - Dagestan Golden - speaks of the preferred growing area. The bright yellow fruits with blush weigh 130 g, ripen from July 15-20, and are transportable. After frost damage, the tree recovers within 2-3 years and is resistant to curling.

Breeders from a neighboring country have developed the early Kazakhstan peach; it produces fruits from June 25: spherical, pink-burgundy, weighing 80-120 g, with a harmonious taste. The plant is unpretentious, tolerates frost, and is little susceptible to diseases.

The fruits of Kyiv early are enjoyed from July 3-6 in the south, from July 15 in the middle zone. Cream peaches weighing from 60 to 100 g are very aromatic, with sweet, light flesh. Plants tolerate frosts down to -20 °C and are affected by powdery mildew. The trees grow quickly and recover well after pruning.

The round fruits of the White Swan weigh 150-200 g, are intended for dessert, and ripen from mid-August. The skin is a soft yellow shade, ruddy on one side. The sweet flesh is light cream. Drought-resistant and winter-hardy peaches. Flowers tolerate light frosts.

Important! Many peach seedlings tolerate frosts, but are afraid of drafts. They are planted in an area where there is protection from the north - a building or a high fence.

Varieties of medium-ripening peaches

Fruits of mid-season varieties are ready for harvest from August 10-15 to September. Trees bear fruit from 3-4 years of growth.

The Cardinal peach grows low, with a compact crown. Belongs to the varieties of large varieties of peaches: the fruits are large, 200-240 g, with yellow-red skin, bright pulp. The taste is tender, slightly fibrous. Tasters gave them a score of 5 points. The tree produces up to 44 kg of harvest, tolerates frosts down to -27 °C, but does not withstand frosts well and is little damaged by diseases. The variety ripens from August 10-14.

Peaches of the Stavropol pink variety, weighing 110-140 g, ripen from August 15-20. Round in shape, light yellow with a red half. Juicy white pulp, delicate in taste. The plant is low, the crown is dense. Resists curl, powdery mildew, and klyasterosporiosis. It was bred for the south of Russia; these peaches ripen well in Crimea.

The Vavilovsky variety is adapted for cultivation not only in the southern regions, but also in the central ones. Very winter-hardy, mid-early, ripens by the end of July. The dessert direction was rated 4.8 points. Weight on average 250-300 g, pleasant yellow outside and inside, juicy and sweet. The medium-sized tree is relatively resistant to fungal infections.

The fruits of the Ambassador of Peace variety are more than a third carmine in color. They weigh 120-160 g, round, juicy and tasty. The pulp is tender and sweet, yellow, with a pleasant fibrous texture. They ripen by mid-August. The trees are resistant to diseases and frosts and can withstand droughts. Flower buds tolerate spring frosts.

The juicy fruit is widely known for its bright fruits, weighing 150-200 g, three-quarters colored with a muted carmine shade. It ripens by the end of July and is very tasty. The fruits are elastic, with oozing juice. The stone is large and slightly detachable. The plants are tall, productive, and produce 60-70 kg. Flower buds tolerate frost.

Late peaches

They bear fruit from the fifth year of growth and are intended for the southern regions, no higher than the Rostov region, since all varieties become full of sweetness only by mid-September or early October. Late varieties of peaches are developing well in Crimea.

The Jaminat variety ripens during the first half of September. Oval, large fruits weighing 140-160 g are sweet, with a pleasant sour taste. The cover is deep red, with a soft yellow tint inside. Ripening is fast, the plant is resistant to infections, recommended for industrial cultivation.

Irganaysky late, like Jaminat, is the result of the work of Dagestan breeders, resistant to fungi. The same medium-sized tree produces fruit weighing 150 g at the same time from the beginning of September. They are colored a warm yellow with a wide blush. The yellow pulp is sweet, with a slight pleasant sourness. The bone comes off easily.

Frost peach is an American selection, large-fruited - up to 200 g, and productive. It can be recommended to the group of peach varieties for the Black Earth Region, since, according to reviews, it can withstand frosts from 26 to 32 ° C and ripens in September. Universal in use, but American gardeners recommend using it for jams due to its fibrous texture.

An old variety, Elberta, also from the USA, is resistant, vigorous and large-fruited - up to 150 g. The skin is ruddy with a yellow background. The shape is oval, with an elongated sharp nose. The sweet pulp refreshes with a pleasant sourness. Ripens quite early for late-ripening species - from August 25-28.

PF 19-007

The tree is of medium vigor, annual growth is about 70 cm. The fruit is round, the skin is smooth, yellow, with a dark red blush covering 90% of the surface of the peach. The pulp of the fruit is yellow and very dense. The variety is high-yielding and resistant to bacterial blight. It was bred in 2005 and immediately became one of Paul Friday's favorites.

This peach ripens 16 days later than Redhaven, at the same time as Friday's PF-17 and PF-23 varieties, which are industry standards.

In our opinion, PF 19-007 peaches are larger and tastier than the fruits of the above-mentioned varieties.

Popular peach varieties

Well-known and hardy species are usually distributed among gardeners. Photos of peach varieties with names and descriptions will help you navigate the diversity of plants.

Frost-resistant peach varieties

Trees that recover well after a frosty winter were bred in Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, and the USA.

The mid-early Novoselkovsky peach tolerates frosts down to 28 ° C; in case of lower temperatures, the flower buds die, but the wood is restored over time. Little susceptible to fungal pathogens. Ripening occurs at the end of July. The fruits are 50-60 g, with a whitish-cream cover and the same pulp.

Peach of the Crimean selection Golden Moscow with late flowering can withstand frost up to 18 ° C, the wood can be restored. Unpretentious, drought-resistant, resists powdery mildew. Belongs to the large-fruited category - 140-180 g. Ripening by mid-August.

Wood of the Sibiryak variety can withstand frosts of 20 degrees. A mid-season, productive plant quickly increases the mass of shoots and bears fruit from the third year. The fruits ripen during August: small, 25-40 g, quite tasty, juicy, sweet and sour.

The winter-hardy Saturn bred in the USA is not afraid of frosts down to -27 °C. A vigorous-growing peach from the group of fig cultivars, productive, will ripen by the end of summer. Care includes bending powerful branches to the ground. The flat-round fruits are red-yellow on top, with a creamy tint inside. Juicy, sweet, the bone is difficult to separate.

Bush varieties of peaches

In areas of the middle zone, it is recommended to form any peach plant into a bush. Leave 8-11 shoots, periodically replacing them with new ones. Bush peach is easier to cover in frosty winters.

The resistant Voronezh bush variety was bred by amateur breeders and is suitable for regions with cool, short summers. The bush is compact, 1.5-2 m high. The branches bend to the ground; in severe winters they are pinned and covered, although the tree is not afraid of frosts down to -35 °C. Ripens in August, from the 2nd year of growth, the fruits are 90-120 g - juicy and tasty.

The Bush peach, winter-hardy and hardy, is grown in Belarus and northern Ukraine. Resistant to fungal pathogens. It ripens from August 20, weighing 80-110 g. The fruits are oblong, creamy-yellow, with a blush, pleasant to the taste.

Important! A peach formed by a bush does not suffer as much from frost and recovers better.

Dwarf varieties of peaches

Low-growing peaches, up to 2-2.5 m, are bred on the basis of the fig group. Species grafted on modern dwarf rootstocks, which are labeled with the term Nano, grow to 1.5-2 m.

Balconella is a mid-season variety, both dwarf and columnar. Although there are specimens with a spherical crown. Grows up to 1.2-1.5 m. Ripens in August, peaches weigh 90-145 g, 5-6 cm in diameter, tasty, juicy.

The Bonanza variety, up to 1.5 m tall after 10 years of growth, is grown in Europe and America to decorate patios. Planted in 10-30 liter tubs, providing sun, watering and fertilizer. The variety produces up to 4.5 kg of fruits, weighing up to 100 g, sweet and juicy.

Columnar peach Steinberg is 1.8-2 m high, productive and mid-season. Resistant to fungal diseases. Produces large oval fruits from the next year after planting for 15 years: weight 140-205 g, with yellow juicy and tasty pulp.

Sweet Cap is a winter-hardy variety, can withstand temperatures down to -23 °C, rises to 2-3.5 m. The harvest is good, the fruits weigh up to 140 g, are sour-sweet, with a refreshing, pleasant aftertaste. The skin is red-burgundy, the flesh is whitish.

The variety of Italian selection called Ufo contains a whole series numbered from 1 to 12. The most popular are Ufo 2, 3, 4 and 5. Typical low-growing height of the fig group. Peaches are burgundy or red with a slight yellow background on the outside and white-cream inside, sweet. Weight 100-110 g.

Important! Dwarf and columnar varieties require careful care. Their small root system needs aeration, watering and fertilizing.

Red-leaved varieties of peaches

Trees with burgundy-red leaves for decorative purposes are grown on Pissard's cherry plum material, which is characterized by this shade.

Peach Negus bears fruit and brightens the yard with red-purple leaves. Grows up to 3-4 m, on short rootstocks - 2 m. Frost-resistant, not affected by scab. Ripe by the end of July, the fruits are without pubescence, burgundy, sweet and sour.

The Burgundy variety ripens from August 10-15, weighs up to 150 g, pink skin color. Planted for its decorative burgundy leaves, which by autumn acquire a light green tint with red veins. The tree is winter-hardy, up to -25 °C, 3-4 m high, rounded crown.

Red-leaved nectarines Medvedevsky 1 and 2 are frost-resistant and hardy varieties of Ukrainian selection. Up to 3-4 m in height, with a slightly spreading crown, winter-hardy, mid-season, ripens from the beginning of August. Fruit weight 140-180 g, red-yellow skin and yellow flesh: juicy and sweet. The bone is separated.

American peach varieties

Typically, trees are distinguished by large fruits with high commercial qualities.

The mid-early, long-bred (1940) Redhaven peach is the most famous and is still of industrial importance. The tree is vigorous, 5 m tall, drought-resistant, frost-resistant down to -25 °C, blooms late. Resistant to clasterosporiosis and powdery mildew, susceptible to curl. The fruits are tasty, 170-250 g. Productivity from 11 years old - 100 kg.

One of the best late varieties is the frost-resistant Fleming Fury. Wood tolerates temperatures down to -28 °C. Ripens from mid-September: large-fruited peaches of orange color, covered with a pomegranate blush, weigh 200-300 g, and are stored for a week. We got 5 points for taste.

Early ripening Greensboro is harvested in early August. Oval fruits up to 120 g are covered with greenish-red skin, heavily pubescent. The inside is also greenish-creamy, juicy, sweet and sour, aromatic. There is resistance to frost and klyasterosporiosis.

The mid-season Golden Jubilee was developed almost 100 years ago, but is popular among gardeners in the south of our country. A variety with average frost resistance, vigorous, rises to 4-5 m, large-fruited - 125-170 g. The golden ruddy skin has slight pubescence, the flesh is tender and tasty.

Important! Many peaches are self-pollinating, but they are planted in groups for best yield.

New peach varieties

The goal of modern breeders is high consumer qualities of fruits and winter hardiness of wood. Self-fertile Canadian varieties are popular today.

The early, vigorous Harbinger will sing from the beginning of July. Weight 80-90 g, skin is ruddy, but of muted tones. Peaches are juicy, sweet, aromatic, transportable. The wood is frost-resistant; flower buds may suffer from frost.

Fast-growing Harrow Diamond is winter-hardy (-28 °C). Round-oval fruits weigh 90-200 g, also of low saturated color, with orange, sweet and sour pulp. Suitable for transportation. They ripen in July and need to be regulated.

Winter-hardy early Kharnas produces attractive, bright-red fruits that ripen from the beginning of August. The variety is distinguished by the fact that round peaches weighing 100-155 g do not fall off. The taste is excellent, the bone comes off easily.

The American industrial variety Royal Majestic is distinguished by winter hardiness, large fruit (over 200 g) and early ripening from mid-July. The spherical fruits are completely covered with a thick blush. Tasty, easy to use and transportable. The tree is not susceptible to diseases.

NATIVE OF CHINA

Although the Russian name peach comes from the Latin Persica, as if indicating the origin of this culture from Persia (Iran), in fact its homeland is China. In China, it appeared as a botanical species, grew and formed over tens and hundreds of thousands of years of evolution. Its closest relatives also grow in China, other types of peach - Davida, strange (mira), Gansu, Potanin.

The peculiar monsoon climate of China had a decisive influence on the physiology and phenology of peach. On the Great Chinese Plain, the sultry long summer gives way to a short, but harsh winter for such southern latitudes. In terms of the average January temperature, the northern part of this territory is almost no different from the south of the Russian Plain. But unlike the European part, annual absolute minimums in Northern China do not fall below – 18 °C and only in the most severe winters reach – 24 °.

The peach formed in such peculiar conditions is characterized by a high requirement for heat during the growing season and tolerates long-lasting, stable frosts in winter (unlike European plums, apples and pears), but only on condition that the temperature does not fall below – 24 °C.

Unlike apricot, peach flower buds do not react so violently to the first spring warmth. They require a fairly high temperature to begin the growing season, so the peach blooms later than most stone fruit crops - together with the apple tree or a little earlier.

In addition, buds and blossoming peach flowers have increased resistance to spring frosts, surpassing even the apple tree in this regard. Therefore, there is practically no yield loss due to damage by spring frosts in peach.

The domestication of peach in China occurred at least 3,000 years ago. It was propagated by sowing seeds. Since the vast majority of varieties are self-fertile, seed propagation produces fairly constant offspring, similar to the parent variety.

Over the millennia, several areas of peach culture have developed in China and each of them has its own assortment. Chinese varieties are divided into two large groups - northern and southern.
Varieties of the northern group
are grown in the Yellow River valley; they are characterized by increased winter hardiness and drought resistance. Their fruits are large (in the best varieties they reach 500-600 g) with an elongated top, hard pulp that softens when ripe, predominantly white in color and with a detachable stone. There are also yellow-meat and red-meat varieties, as well as varieties with good keeping quality of fruits that are stored in the basement until February.

Fruits of the North Chinese peach variety Feichen-tao, average weight 400 g, large ones 600 g.

Southern group

brings together varieties that are grown in areas along the Yangtze River. Varieties of this group are well adapted to warm, humid climates, less winter-hardy and drought-resistant than varieties of the northern group. The fruits are smaller, oval with a flat top, and there is no beak. The pulp is more tender and juicy, often melting, very sweet with a honey flavor and weak acid. Peaches from the southern group are often called honey peaches.

Flat peaches, which have now gained popularity and are often found on sale, also originate from China.

'Mao-tha-or' is found in Northeast China.

. Botanists classify it as a special Manchurian variety of the common peach. It differs from the typical common peach in its low growth, shorter growing season, flower buds densely arranged in annual growth, 2-4 in each node, pubescent. The fruits are small, the size of a large or medium plum, weighing 30-50 g, heavily pubescent, which is where its name comes from (mao means hairy in Chinese). The pulp is white, fibrous, sweet and sour with a sharp acidity, the latter being a characteristic feature of this variety. The winter hardiness of the tree and flower buds is increased, which makes it possible to cultivate these peaches without shelter in the coastal zone of the southern part of the Primorsky Territory, where the temperature in winter does not drop below – 28 ° C. They are propagated by sowing seeds.

The best varieties of peaches for different regions of Russia

Peaches are a southern crop, and all varieties develop well and bear fruit in the south of Russia. Late species are planted here and will ripen before October.

Peach varieties for the middle zone

For weather conditions in the middle zone, the following varieties are chosen:

• early, having time to harvest in the warm season;
• winter-hardy and quickly restores wood;
• late bloomers when the threat of frost has passed.

The varieties Kremlevsky, Golden Moscow, Voronezh bush, Veteran, Novoselkovsky, Yelgavsky, Lesostepnoy early, Favorite Morettini, Madeleine Puye, Frost, Fury, Kievsky early, Juicy, Winter-hardy, Donskoy, Greensboro, Redhaven, Collins and others have such qualities. Trees are planted in a north-protected and sunny location. In the first 2-3 winters, the seedlings must be covered by erecting a kind of tent over and around the tree.

Peaches: varieties for southern Russia

In southern gardens, any type of crop is grown, except tropical ones. Popular are those that bear fruit late and are highly marketable: Autumn Rumyants, Irganaysky late, Jaminat, as well as Dagestan Golden, Fluffy Early, Solnechny, Soviet, Novost Stepi, Sunrise, all nectarines and others.

Advice! Peaches are planted on alkaline loams, providing drainage and filling nutritious soil with fertilizers.

Peach varieties for Kuban

The current varieties of peaches for the Krasnodar region are those that can withstand frost and are not affected by diseases. Curl-resistant are Earlired, Stark Red Gold, Springtime, Sunhaven, Redhaven, Madeleine Pouillet, Early Kuban. The best varieties are zoned: Autumn Rumyants, Velvet Season, Early Kuban, Pamyat Simirenko, Favorit Morettini, Springold, Collins, as well as fig peaches.

Crimean varieties of peaches

Judging by the description and photo of the varieties of peaches in Crimea, the same disease-resistant and frost-resistant species are popular here. The trees grow well in areas with sandy loam soils, protected from northern winds. The Crimean peaches include the zoned varieties of selection of the Nikitsky Botanical Garden: Kremlevsky, Zolotaya Moskva, Juicy, Fluffy Early, Krasnoshcheky, Krasnaya Devitsa, Tourist. Among others: Fairy Tale, Soviet, Dandy, Morettini's Favorite, Redhaven, Veteran, Greensboro, Cardinal, Golden Jubilee. Lola, Evpatoriya, and Kiev nectarines are grown.

The best varieties of peaches for the Moscow region

Zoned trees, formed in the form of a bush, take root well in this region. Those varieties are planted that can withstand frosts down to -25 °C, with late flowering periods, and quickly regenerating wood. Early and mid-ripening fruits ripen here: Donskoy frost-resistant, White Swan, Greensboro, Morettini's Favorite, Kyiv early, Redhaven; columnar frost-resistant - early Honey, mid-season Steinberg; Disease-resistant nectarines Redgold, Big Top, Crimson Gold.

Peach pf 24007. How to get seedlings from stones

The peach of the American selection “Fleming Fury” is known in almost all countries of the world. However, it is currently quite problematic to find high-quality planting material in our country. Meanwhile, experienced gardeners have been growing the most promising and interesting varieties from the point of view of home gardening on their own for a long time and with great success, without resorting to the help of nurseries and plant growing companies.

Seedlings of the Flemin'Furi variety can be obtained quite easily from an ordinary fruit seed. The process is not too labor-intensive, but requires compliance with certain rules:

• to grow productive fruit seedlings, it is recommended to use seeds from fruits that are already fully ripe, but without signs of spoilage;
• preference should be given to zoned varieties, as well as fruits grown on own-rooted plants rather than on grafted fruit trees;
• you should thoroughly wash the extracted pit from any remaining pulp, and then carry out stratification by placing the planting material in a cold place for the entire winter period;

• stratification is best carried out in the fruit box of a regular household refrigerator, placing the seeds in damp sawdust or sand;
• You can plant a seed after it has burst and a sprout has appeared;
• You can prepare the planting soil mixture yourself, but it is best to use nutrient soil intended for growing garden crops or garden plants;
• before planting, the planting mixture should be disinfected by exposure to high temperatures, and then filled with sufficiently capacious seedling containers;
• The standard placement of seeds in sufficiently moist nutrient soil is approximately 4-5 cm.

When growing peach seedlings at home, it is recommended to periodically feed the plants with complex fertilizers, which must include potassium and nitrogen. In addition, microclimatic conditions should be observed, and plants should be regularly watered with water at room temperature.

Peach seedlings should be transplanted to a permanent place in the ground after the plant has become sufficiently strong and the threat of return spring frosts has passed. Planting such seedlings in the fall does not always pay off, since plants that are not sufficiently strong freeze out in the winter.

Self-fertile varieties of peaches - myth or reality

Productivity increases if cross-pollination occurs between trees planted in a group. Self-pollinating varieties produce a large yield of fruits even when they grow alone. For the Moscow region, self-fertile varieties of peaches are more profitable, since it is easier to work in such a climate with one plant. Popular:

• frost-resistant variety Golden Moscow;
• Crimean mid-season variety Skazka;
• Disease-resistant Golden Jubilee - for the south;
• productive early Kharnas;
• mid-season frost-resistant Vulcan with dense fruits (Canadian Tward Tardiv series);
• mid-season winter-hardy Inca.

PF 11 N (Nectarine)

This is a nectarine that ripens 5 days earlier than the famous Redhaven variety.

The tree is medium-sized, the crown is compact. The skin of the fruit is yellow, 80% covered with a red blush, shiny, of medium thickness and density. The pulp is yellow, juicy, pleasant sweet taste, very aromatic. The bone is well separated from the pulp.

Transportability and winter hardiness are high. The variety is resistant to bacterial diseases, in particular leaf curl.

In our climate zone, the variety almost completely confirmed these characteristics.

New varieties for 2022

Sunrise, Golden Jubilee, White Swan, Veteran, Ambassador of Peace, Redgold, Flowertop, Bogun, Greensboro, Jaminat, Krasnodarets, Raduzhny, Stavropolsky, Elberta are well-known varieties that can often be seen in the country, but we would like to introduce you to American and Canadian peach varieties that are adapted to our climate and show excellent yield results.

Among these varieties there are nectarines, fig peaches, frost-resistant and simply winter-hardy varieties: Harbinger, Harrow Diamond, Harnas, Earley Redhaven, Harko, Suncrest, Inka.

We understand perfectly well that choosing the right varieties of peach for the garden is quite difficult , but you need to make the right choice if you want to receive large, sweet, juicy and fragrant fruits of a wonderful plant throughout the summer, or even at the beginning of autumn. Be careful, because you need to purchase not just a breeding variety whose description you liked, but also an adapted seedling, preferably a famous one or even recommended to you by a neighboring summer resident who has been harvesting from trees for several years. Of course, you can always go to online stores or botanical gardens, but do so at your own peril and risk.

What do experts advise when choosing a variety and planting it?

Peach spray schedule

• Growing early varieties of peaches is very difficult in cold areas, so choosing a variety can either make the task easier or more difficult. When choosing a variety, you must first of all pay attention to its survival rate in a certain area. Not all early varieties can ripen in extreme conditions. Only those hybrids that tolerate frosts and sudden drops in temperature are suitable for this.
• The main criteria when choosing a peach variety for the northern and middle zones are: frost resistance, rapid shoot growth, resistance to diseases and pests.

• When a seed is planted, it is important not to buy it separately, but to extract it from the fruit yourself. This will reduce the risk of defects, and the variety will be precisely known.
• Planting material must be local. If the seeds for planting or the tree were grown in warm regions, they will not take root in a temperate climate.
• If a seed is used as planting material, the fruit from it must be healthy without damage or rot. Also, it is extremely important to plant several seeds in one hole. The more it rises, the better; in this case, reinsurance is necessary.