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Which is better copper or iron sulfate for grapes? Iron sulfate for grapes

How many calories are in raspberry jam in a teaspoon?

In viticulture, the most important final goal is to obtain tasty and beautiful berries. Therefore, a significant part of theoretical training is allocated to the grape business, as well as honing skills in practice. But it’s not enough to have knowledge about planting, growing, proper agricultural technology and caring for vines at different times of the year.

It is important to have information about diseases and pests, which, unfortunately, are quite common in all corners of viticulture and can cause irreparable damage to the harvest. These troubles can and should be dealt with

And there are many chemicals for this. We will talk about one of them in detail in this article.

Iron sulfate is a time-tested drug that is safe for humans and animals. The spectrum of action of this substance is wide:

“It fights diseases, fungal diseases, disinfects the soil and repels insects. It has disinfecting and restorative properties for damaged parts of the vine.”

Iron sulfate contains a lot of iron, which protects against the occurrence of chlorosis. Thus, fruiting improves. The chemical composition of the world-famous drug includes divalent iron and sulfuric acid. Unlike copper sulfate, in appearance it is a crystalline powder of blue, turquoise or greenish color. Iron sulfate and copper sulfate also have other differences. The composition of the first is less toxic, but, in any case, you need to handle the iron preparation carefully and strictly following the instructions. If iron sulfate is needed to fertilize plants with iron, then copper sulfate is suitable for restoring copper deficiency in the soil. Both drugs are used to obtain a fungicidal effect, but the copper one has a more active effect.

Grapes and iron sulfate

The main rule for treating a vineyard with an iron preparation is not to use it in the green leaf phase. Otherwise, it may leave burns on the leaves. Therefore, treatment of the vine with iron sulfate is carried out in early spring before buds open or in the fall after the leaves fall. You can spray not only the bush itself, but also its foot and soil. For this purpose, a 3% solution is used as standard. To prepare, you need to dissolve 300 grams of iron sulfate in 10 liters of water.

Spraying with iron sulfate should take place in calm, cloudy and dry weather.

At the end of the growing season, after leaf fall, when all processes in the vine stop, winegrowers advise additional treatment with the drug. Iron sulfate is used for grapes in the fall for the purpose of soil disinfection and prevention. It is known for sure that this procedure destroys eggs laid by pests. When processed, the mixture forms a kind of film that helps protect the vine from temperature changes and cold weather. Autumn spraying is also carried out for other purposes and other concentrations:

• In the treatment of chlorosis – 0.05%
• For protection against fungi – 4-5%
• With foliar feeding – 0.01%
• Before covering the vineyard – 3%

Fertilizing grapes with iron sulfate

It can and should be used as a fertilizer if the vine requires it. You can determine whether there is a lack of iron in a vineyard by looking at its green parts. If they become faded, early yellowing and falling begin, the bush may be suffering from iron deficiency. How to dilute iron sulfate for grapes with chlorosis? Experienced gardeners prepare iron chelate - this is a complex compound of amino acids and mineral ions. To obtain it, dilute 2 teaspoons of citric acid in 10 liters of water, and after dissolving it, add 1 tablespoon. Mix thoroughly and water the vineyard roots.

Disinfection of bushes

Shrubs are susceptible to mechanical damage. Sometimes they are intentional (pruning, normalizing the bush). But often this happens by accident. To prevent insects, birds or other ill-wishers from attacking the vineyard, it is advisable to treat it with a solution of iron sulfate. A 2-3% concentration of the product will be enough. It is also necessary to treat the cuts so that they heal faster. To do this, every 5-6 days you need to treat the damaged area with a soft brush.

Instructions for using iron sulfate

We have discussed the issues of using it for different purposes and diluting it in the required concentrations above. Now we need to talk about the safe use of copper sulfate. It is necessary to dilute the concentrate wearing gloves and protective clothing, and mixing with special devices and not with your hands. If the substance gets into your eyes or skin, rinse immediately with plenty of running water. If the burning sensation persists, seek help from a doctor.

Iron sulfate: indications for use

The microelement iron is very important for cellular metabolism of an oxidative and energy nature

Thanks to iron, chlorophyll is formed, which is important for the respiratory process

Photo of iron sulfate

Ferrous sulfate solution has the following indications for use:

• Use on soils that contain high levels of salt, carbonate, magnesium, calcium, and phosphorus.
• Preventive measures for fungal infections. Spraying is carried out, for which a solution is taken with an active substance content of 1 - 3%. For 10 liters of water – 100 – 300 g.
• To treat fungal diseases, several sprays with iron sulfate are carried out. The protection period lasts up to 2 weeks. For 10 liters - 300 - 500 g of substance.
• Iron sulfate is used for chlorosis (of a non-infectious nature as prevention and therapy), which is of a non-infectious nature. It is characterized by yellowing of the leaves, which is caused by a lack of iron. Water with weakly concentrated solutions and spray several times. You can add citric acid.
• To eliminate insect pests and their larvae, take 0.5 kg of iron sulfate per 10 liters.
• Effective against moss and lichens on many plantings. For 10 liters – 400 to 500 g.
• Carrying out disinfection of wounds, damage to tree bark, as well as for the treatment of formed hollows. For 1 liter of water, it is enough to take 100 grams of the product.
• One of the features of the use of the drug is the ability to use it to disinfect cesspools, as well as public places.

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Treating trees with copper sulfate in the fall

When treating trees with vitriol, the goal is to protect the plant and soil from insects that usually overwinter and breed in fallen leaves and tree bark. It is necessary to process after all the leaves have fallen off and are burned (so that there is no place for insects to hibernate). But it is necessary to have time to treat the trees and soil twice with an interval of three weeks before the onset of frost. Copper sulfate envelops the tree trunk and the surrounding soil with a small film that protects against insects, retains heat until snow falls so that the plant does not freeze, and allows air to pass through well, allowing the plant to breathe.

Precautions during operation

Copper sulfate poses a danger not only to mold, but also to all living organisms. Therefore, you need to use it taking the necessary precautions and adhering to several important rules:

• When carrying out all work (preparing a working solution, processing, etc.), it is necessary to wear protective rubber or latex gloves.
• The respiratory tract is protected with a respirator or, in extreme cases, with a thick gauze bandage or petal.
• To protect the organs of vision, special protective plastic glasses are used.
• The body should be covered as much as possible with clothing, which must be washed after completion of work.
• You can only work in a well-ventilated area with ventilation turned on, windows and doors open.
• There should be no other people, as well as children and pets in the room being treated.

When treating walls with copper sulfate against mold, precautions should be taken (gloves, respirator, protective suit, etc.)

If the fungicide accidentally comes into contact with mucous membranes or bare skin, rinse it off immediately with water.

Symptoms of copper sulfate poisoning

It is quite difficult to be seriously poisoned by copper sulfate, since this substance is not particularly dangerous. But nevertheless, sometimes this happens. This can be determined by the following symptoms:

• weakness, slight dizziness;
• increased heart rate;
• indigestion (nausea, vomiting), abdominal cramps;
• severe migraine;
• allergic skin rashes, redness, itching.

If such symptoms appear, you should immediately consult a doctor for qualified help.

In medicine there is the concept of “copper fever.” It is its symptoms that develop when inhaling copper fumes.

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How to prepare a solution of copper sulfate

A solution of copper sulfate is prepared shortly before use. To dilute the solution, use only glass or plastic containers. The solution is prepared at 1% or 3%. To better dissolve the crystals, you need to dilute the vitriol in a small amount of warm water, and then add new water to the desired concentration. A 3% solution is used to treat fruit trees and shrubs in early spring, even before the buds open; a solution of the same concentration is used to treat diseased roots and wounds on tree trunks. All copyrights to this material belong exclusively to the website Everything in the garden. If a violation of the conditions for copying our materials is detected, appropriate sanctions will be taken against violators: contacting the hosting company and other measures in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation.

The use of copper sulfate in gardening

To ensure that copper sulfate does not harm your health or the environment, but only brings benefits, before using it, be sure to carefully read all the instructions included with the package

It contains many nuances that are very important to know when using this chemical compound. For example, in the table you will find information about how much of the drug you need to take in certain cases to prepare a solution, as well as the amount of solution that you will need for the prevention or treatment of your garden crops

A teaspoon holds 6 grams of copper sulfate. MirSovetov will indicate only some cases when the manufacturer recommends using a solution of copper sulfate for treatment:

1. Quince, pear, apple tree - scab, phyllosticosis, various spots, drying out, moniliosis. Take 100 grams of powder per 10 liters of water, after dissolving, 2-3 liters of this solution are sprayed on each tree. Moreover, spraying must be carried out very early, when the buds have not yet blossomed.
2. Cherry, cherry, apricot, plum, peach - coccomycosis, clasterosporiasis, curl, moniliosis.
3. Currants, gooseberries - septoria, anthracnose, and other spots. It takes about 1.5 liters of solution to spray one bush.
4. Roses - black spotting of leaf blades, powdery mildew.
5. For disinfection, roots and seedlings of currants, gooseberries, raspberry shoots, strawberry and strawberry tendrils can be dipped into the solution for 3 minutes against powdery mildew, anthracnose, and rot. After this, you need to very carefully rinse these parts of the plants that were immersed in the solution. By the way, to prepare a solution for such purposes, you need to take 10 grams of copper sulfate per liter of water.
6. If roses have root bacterial cancer (or fruit crops), then after removing the growths, the root system is immersed in a 1% solution for 3 minutes. Then these parts of the plants are thoroughly washed with water.
7. As a fertilizer, it is allowed to use only microdoses of copper sulfate - 1 gram per 1 square meter of soil layer. It is introduced into peatlands in late autumn or early spring. This contribution is made once every 5 years. One more point: before applying such fertilizer, the powder is thoroughly crushed and mixed with the ground.

As we have already reported, copper sulfate effectively fights many pests and scourges of garden crops. But this solution is very acidic, so if used incorrectly it can cause plant burns. Therefore, be sure to follow all doses and instructions in the instructions. To mitigate the effects of a strong compound, French winemakers many centuries ago proposed adding freshly slaked lime to the solution, which could neutralize the acid. The healing properties of copper sulfate do not decrease. This mixture was called Bordeaux liquid, since the French who came up with the recipe lived in the province of Bordeaux. To prepare such a mixture, you need to stock up on 100 grams of lime (quicklime) and the same amount of copper sulfate. Just don’t mix everything at once! First, we quench the lime in a small amount of water (100 grams), bring the volume to five liters, so we get “lime milk.” In another container, dissolve copper sulfate (also 100 grams) in hot water while stirring, again bring the volume of the solution to five liters

Attention! We gradually pour the copper sulfate solution into the “milk of lime”, and not vice versa. Requires constant stirring

The solution is suitable for 5 hours, then the lime particles begin to stick together, which leads to clogging of the sprayer holes.

Advantages and Disadvantages Compared to Other Mold Remedies

Copper sulfate has been used as an antifungal agent for decades . Its extraordinary popularity is explained by the following positive qualities:

• high efficiency;
• very affordable price;
• various packaging (packages from 50 g to 25 kg);
• long-term protection against the recurrence of fungus;
• ease of use and practicality.

Among the disadvantages of this substance compared to other anti-mold agents, one can note its inability to cope with old pockets of mold that have become deeply embedded in the walls. If the infection is widespread, you should not rely heavily on the effectiveness of copper sulfate; it is better to immediately select more potent drugs.