How to plant peas before winter and is it possible?

Planting peas in open ground

Peas are a cold-resistant crop; seedlings can withstand frosts down to -6 °C.
In early spring, they begin to sow peas as the soil dries, but not earlier than April 20. In summer, peas can be sown until mid-July (early ripening varieties).

Before sowing, pea seeds can be soaked in cold water for 12 hours (change the water every 2 hours) or sown dry in open ground.

Dry seeds are heated for 5 minutes in a hot solution (40 degrees) of boric acid (2 g of acid per 10 liters of water). This pre-sowing treatment reduces the likelihood of peas being damaged by the nodule weevil larva.

Sowing seeds:

80-130 seeds are sown per 1 m2 of plot.

Important: pea seeds remain viable for 2 years. The technology for sowing peas in open ground is as follows:

The technology for sowing peas in open ground is as follows:

- using a flat hoe, make a furrow 15-20 cm wide, 50 cm distant, 5 cm deep; distribute the peas into the ground at a distance of 5 cm from each other; cover the top with soil, compacting it well.

Shoots usually appear 6-15 days after sowing.

You will have young peas all season, sowing the seeds at intervals of 14 days.

Pea care

Caring for peas is not difficult - the main thing is to do weeding, watering, and harvesting on time.

Once sprouts emerge, the sprouts need protection from birds - cover the sprouts with a regular fishing net.

Peas are a moisture-loving plant and require abundant watering; they do not tolerate heat. Watering should be sufficient in dry weather - 9 liters of water per 1 m2 of area.

Try to combine watering with fertilizing the peas (1 tablespoon of nitroammofoska per 10 liters of water), mulch the soil after watering.

Do not forget, especially during the initial period of pea growth, to loosen the soil and hill up the plants.

Pea bushes need support made of wire or mesh, stretched and secured to pegs driven into the ground next to the plants.

Pea harvest

30-60 days after sowing the seeds, the peas bloom and the flowers are self-pollinated. Approximately 1 month after flowering, harvesting begins. The fruiting period of peas lasts 33-42 days. Green peas are harvested often - every other day or two.

To harvest mature beans, the pods are left to ripen on the bushes. After this, the plant is cut off at the root and dried for 2 weeks in a ventilated area.

When the entire pea crop is harvested, the bushes are cut off and thrown into a compost heap, and the roots are dug up along with the soil - fertilizer is obtained.

It is permissible to plant peas in the same place after 5 years, otherwise there is a risk of various diseases.

Pests and diseases

The worst enemy of peas is the pea codling moth

, whose caterpillars hide in the ground for the winter. With the beginning of pea flowering, butterflies fly out of their cocoons. Butterflies lay eggs on leaves, flowers, and stems. The hatched caterpillars get inside the fruits and peas and eat them.

To combat this pest, spray the plants with an infusion of garlic or tomato tops.

Garlic infusion

prepare as follows: pass 20 g of garlic through a garlic press, add 10 liters of water, leave for 24 hours, then strain and spray on pea bushes.

Infusion from tomato tops

: Fill 3 kg of tops with 10 liters of water, leave for 24 hours, filter and spray the pea bushes.

These infusions help with the appearance of pea aphids.

The plant often suffers from powdery mildew

. For control, an infusion of field thistle is used: take 300 g leaves, pour 7 liters of water and leave for 12 hours. Strain and spray the plants 2 times with an interval of 1 week.

Pea varieties

There are 2 types of pea fruits: sugar peas (can be eaten together with the pod flaps) and shelling peas (with inedible flaps, but with good taste).

Adagum peas

A mid-season pea variety with high taste qualities is used for preservation. A plant up to 80 cm long with mature green-yellow pea seeds.

Ambrosia peas

The best early ripening sugar variety (fruits ripen 50 days after germination). Tall plant stems need support.

Peas Vera

An early variety, used both fresh and in canning. The growing season is 47-60 days. The variety produces a stable harvest and has high taste.

Pea Sphere

A popular early variety of shelling peas. The stem is up to 80 cm long, the seeds are round, yellow-green in color. Moderately resistant to root rot.

Peas Era

Medium late variety with weakly branching stems. A peeling variety, moderately resistant to downy mildew.

Follow simple tips when planting and caring for peas in the spring

, you will delight the whole family with tasty and juicy fruits throughout the summer season.

Seed preparation

When planting in spring, peas are sent to the soil in dry and sprouted form. If the crop is grown for the winter, the seeds cannot be soaked in water until they swell, otherwise they will sprout and begin to develop quickly. To protect peas from damage by fungal diseases, fungicides are used that contain both tyrant and carboxin.

Farmers treat plants with special disinfectants that have a negative effect on pests. This procedure is resorted to 5 days before planting in the garden.

To prevent weevil larvae from multiplying, summer residents and gardeners dip the seeds in a boric acid solution for a quarter of an hour. Take 2 grams of the substance per bucket of water.

Pre-winter sowing of flowers

Warm-loving annual flowers (zinnia, salvia and aster) are not suitable for winter sowing. Cold-resistant plants are planted immediately in a permanent place, where they will then reproduce by self-sowing. All that remains is to insulate the flower beds by sprinkling them with 0.5-1 cm of sand. The following types of flowers adapt well to winter temperatures:

• cornflowers;
• marigold;
• poppies;
• Eschscholzia;
• fragrant tobacco.

Sowing marigolds

These flowers are annual plants, so they have to be re-sown every year. Marigolds are planted in the garden not only for beauty, but also to repel many pests. If you plant flowers near radishes, carrots, onions, lettuce or cabbage, they will sprout in early spring, and in the summer they will not allow insect pests to destroy the crops.

Sowing perennial flowers

Pre-winter sowing is a natural process for many perennials. In nature, the seeds themselves fall to the ground and germinate after the onset of heat, so many gardeners prefer to plant perennial flowers for the winter that are not afraid of frost. If seeds of flowering plants are planted for the first time, you need to prepare a flowerbed and remove weeds. At the same time, fertilizers are applied. In autumn you can sow the following types of perennials:

• lavender;
• cloves;
• primrose;
• aquilegia;
• delphinium.

Advantages and disadvantages

Peas contain many useful vitamins, fiber, carotene and protein.

Planting seeds before winter has advantages and disadvantages. Among the positive aspects are noted:

1. Planted seeds take advantage of the first warmth and spring moisture, quickly germinate and are characterized by good seedlings.
2. Plants are less susceptible to various diseases and pests.
3. Due to earlier germination, the harvest is obtained several weeks earlier than what was sown in the spring.
4. Winter hardening provides excellent frost resistance.
5. With the advent of summer drought, a good root system is formed in winter-sown plants. Thanks to this, more harvest is obtained.
6. Sowing before winter allows you to monitor whether seedlings have appeared in the spring and replant if necessary.

Another advantage is the fact that after harvesting an early harvest, you can re-sow seeds in the beds, the fruits of which will be in late autumn.

If we talk about the disadvantages, winter sowing is possible only for spring-summer vegetables. Uneven maturation of the crop is also noted.

What, when and how to do at the dacha

Sowing before winter is an old way of obtaining early production: seeds of winter-hardy crops are sown late in the fall (before winter). In the spring, as soon as the temperature becomes sufficient, about +2-4°C, the winter-hardened and well-swollen seeds germinate earlier than those sown in the spring, they receive more moisture, this allows for an earlier and higher harvest.

Crops for sowing before winter

Vegetables: carrots, beets (some varieties), radishes and turnips, parsnips, Chinese cabbage, beans, peas, onions.

Green and spicy crops: dill and parsley, radishes and turnips for spring and summer consumption, celery and parsnips, lettuce and spinach, salad mustard, borage.

Perennials that require stratification: aquilegia, lavender, gentian, decorative onions, delphinium, swimsuits, primrose, garden cyclamen, hellebore.

Perennials that can simply be sown in the fall: gaillardia, doronicum, bellflower, lychnis, lupine, carnation, chamomile, yarrow, small petal, arabis.

Annual flowers: asters, antirrhinum, godetia, dimorphotheca, iberis, calendula, cosmos, lavatera, poppy, matthiola, mignonette, eschstolzia, alyssum, leuzea, cornflower, annual chrysanthemum.

Medicinal plants: marshmallow, valerian, elecampane, St. John's wort, motherwort five-lobed, lovage, chamomile, tripartite series.

Is it worth the risk?

This issue must be resolved by each gardener personally.

But it is worth paying attention to several clear advantages of sowing vegetables in winter. Let's voice them:

• it will allow you to get a harvest 2-3 weeks earlier than in spring, and if you cover the seedlings with film (or other covering material), you can speed up ripening by another 7-12 days. The result is almost a month!;
• seeds that spent the whole winter in the ground were well hardened, went through natural selection (the weak ones died), which means the plants will be stronger and healthier;
• with winter sowing, you can forget about worries about a dry spring: as soon as the snow begins to melt, the seeds swell and begin to grow together, using 100% of the spring moisture, at a time when spring sowing is still being planned.

The seeds have hardened well over the winter, which means the plants will be stronger and healthier

resistance to frost, diseases and pests: young sprouts of winter-sown vegetables and herbs can withstand short-term negative temperatures without loss (from personal experience I can say that a temperature of -3°C will not cause them the slightest harm), and early shoots are not attacked by carrot flies and cruciferous flea beetles, which are still sleeping at this time.

Winter planting varieties

For pre-winter planting, winter pea varieties are selected that will withstand low temperatures and produce a good harvest.

The NS Moroz variety has passed the necessary tests; among its positive qualities, frost resistance, productivity, resistance to diseases and lodging are noted. Harvesting is carried out 10 days before harvesting winter barley, around June 10–15. The yield is 4–6 t/ha.

How to plant peas for seedlings

By growing seeds for seedlings, you can get an early harvest. But at home, you need to allocate a lot of space for this; they prefer to carry out such manipulations in greenhouses and other country buildings. Any container is suitable: wooden boxes, small plastic cups, jars with holes for draining water. The latter will help avoid picking; it is very difficult to untangle young shoots.

For seedlings, they mainly use early varieties, for example, Viola or Early 301. In a home/apartment, you don’t have to worry about cold soil, you don’t need to harden the peas off the battery, just soak the seeds in warm water for 10-12 hours. The water is changed several times during this time.

Slightly dried seeds are sown in the soil to a depth of 3-4 cm and watered well. The soil should always be slightly moist

Pots with future seedlings are left to stand in the brightest place; it is important to maintain a constant temperature of +20 degrees

Over time, seedlings can be hardened off by exposing the pots to open air, starting for half an hour, gradually increasing the time until full daylight.

Planting seedlings in open ground

Seedlings are ready to be placed in the soil within a month after sprouts appear.

The plants are carefully removed from the container, being careful not to damage the roots. They are placed in prepared holes, covered with earth and compacted. Between bushes maintain a distance of 10-12 cm, between rows - 35-40 cm

It is noted that seedlings planted in cloudy weather germinate best

A distance of 10-12 cm is maintained between bushes, and 35-40 cm between rows. It is noted that seedlings planted in cloudy weather germinate best.

How to calculate the timing of planting peas

Summer residents calculate planting days for peas for 2022 taking into account the weather. So, shoots will appear if you plant the seeds in soil heated to 3℃. But ideal conditions are if the soil temperature is 8-12℃ - in this case, the development of the root system will be better.

To determine the exact timing of sowing peas, you need to consider:

• varietal characteristics;
• climate features in the growing region;
• weather on the day of landing.

It is important to take into account the recommendations of the Lunar calendar, which determines favorable and unfavorable days for the procedure

Planting peas according to the lunar calendar in 2022

The laws of space control the movement of celestial bodies, human life, and natural processes. Over many centuries it has been determined that the Sun is the source of vitality. The Moon is responsible for the movement of energy from it. This is due to the cycles of the satellite.

The night star affects the rise and fall of temperature, precipitation, ebb and flow. It also affects the growth and development of living cells. Therefore, before gardening, you need to familiarize yourself with the Lunar calendar. In it, astronomers identified favorable days for planting peas in 2022, as well as dates when it is better not to do this.

Plants with above-ground fertile parts should be planted during the waxing phase of the moon. The seeds sown at this time have good germination, and the grown plants are healthy and produce a rich harvest.

And on the Full Moon and New Moon, it is better to postpone manipulations with seed material and soil. During this period, plants are in a dormant state. The phase of the waning Moon is neutral for planting peas in the country in the spring. These days it is useful to apply fertilizers and get rid of weeds.

Landing by region

In some areas in May, warm sunny days have already established themselves, which delight the eye with the flowering of trees and other plants, and in some areas there are still snowdrifts at this time. Therefore, the timing of sowing vegetables must be chosen based on the climate.

If you need to harvest a vegetable during the season, then you need to sow several varieties at once with different ripening periods. In addition, you can plant one type of crop, but with an interval of several weeks.

South – here they are planted in open ground in the second half of April. The procedure can be carried out until mid-June. It is possible to plant peas before winter. In this case, preference should be given to frost-resistant varieties. Ural and Siberia - it is impossible to determine the exact date when it is impossible to plant peas in the Urals and Siberia, because climate is often difficult to predict. It happens that at the end of April it is already warm, and in May there are frosts

Therefore, it is important to focus on soil temperature. Many gardeners choose late May-early June for planting crops.

Moscow region - before planting, it is necessary to prepare the seed material

The beans should initially be germinated and the soil should be loosened. This approach will increase the percentage of germination. Central Russia - the terms in Central Russia coincide with those that are suitable for the Moscow region.

Taking these features into account, you can determine the correct timing of the procedure, which will allow you to harvest a bountiful pea harvest.

Tips and tricks for farmers

Summer residents and gardeners with experience recommend using peas to the maximum. Leave the roots in the soil and use the stems to prepare liquid fertilizer.

This use case makes it possible to quickly obtain nitrogen and potassium in large volumes.

To prepare, chop the green mass and add hot water (55-60 degrees). Mix well, close the lid and leave until fermentation occurs.

It’s worth warning right away: the infusion has a pungent odor. Therefore, it is better to keep the container outside. We wait another 7-10 days. Stir regularly.

We strain it and use it for watering. The previously prepared solution is diluted in a ratio of 1 to 10 (infusion + water). This fertilizer will help not only on open land, but also in greenhouses. It can also be used for indoor floriculture.

How to plant peas correctly

Peas prefer a windless, well-lit place. Therefore, find a secluded, bright place for it on your site.

The plant grows well in a garden bed where there were previously tomatoes, eggplants, peppers, pumpkins, and cucumbers. Under no circumstances should it be planted after legumes (they share common pests, which can be infected through the soil).

It is advisable to dig up the bed for sowing in the fall and apply complex fertilizers. Or this can be done in the spring before planting. Because Peas have fairly long roots, so this should be done to a depth of up to 30 cm.

The crop prefers neutral soils, so if the soil is acidic, add lime; if it is sandy or clayey, add humus.

Before planting, the seeds need to be sorted out, leaving them strong and healthy. Then soak for 10-18 hours, changing the water regularly.

When soaking, you can use growth stimulants (add to soaked seeds for several hours). You can also slightly warm the peas before soaking.

Planting dates vary from mid to late April. In this case, you need to focus not on the air temperature, but on how much the soil has warmed up: seeds germinate at a ground temperature of +1 to +4 degrees.

Make furrows in the garden bed at a distance of 15-30 cm, depending on the variety (how large the bushes will be). Place the peas in them at a depth of 2.5 cm and up to 10 cm from each other. Sprinkle with soil and water. You can do light mulching, which will retain moisture in the soil and protect the plantings from pests.

Landings

Landing rules

Peas are a heat-loving plant, so it is best to grow them in an area with sufficient sun rather than in a shady area. Due to a lack of ultraviolet radiation, the plant will have an unhealthy appearance and the harvest will be poorer.

Suitable season

On average, pea seeds germinate at temperatures from +5 to +7 ° C, but +10 degrees is considered optimal. Soil moisture has a good effect on seed growth, but should not be constant and excessive. Approximate soil moisture should reach a maximum of 10%.

Seed preparation

In principle, peas can be planted without preparing for planting, but swelling and germination may take longer, and the seeds may not always sprout well.

Instead of a solution, it is better to place them in a container with heated water for about two days, and then a few days later we wrap the peas in cloth as soon as we take them out of the container. With the dry method, we pour water onto the furrows for sowing, and then cover the bed with a synthetic film.

During the germination process of peas: the seed first absorbs moisture, then swells, then the root system begins to form and finally a small shoot with leaves appears.

Soil preparation

The pea grows well in sunny and open soil; the soil should be fertile, with moisture that does not stagnate. Denser and heavier soil is not suitable for seeds. Peas should not be planted on the same bed for more than three years in a row.

It is recommended to plant peas next to:

• corn;
• potatoes;
• celery;
• carrots;
• cucumbers, etc. except onions.

Sowing technology

Peas are planted in pre-prepared holes no deeper than 4-6 cm, and the distance between the seeds should be at least 10 cm. You can sow 10 seeds per approximately 1 meter of bed, then after planting the holes need to be filled with soil without mixing the seeds with it.

Do I need to soak peas before planting?

When we are talking about such a procedure as planting peas, then you can do without germination and soaking of seeds

This is especially important for brain peas. The fact is that during germination, the seed coat, which protects it from frost, is damaged.

The peas themselves sense the weather and only when it gets warmer do they begin to germinate. Accordingly, if you place germinated seeds in cold soil, you will not be able to achieve any harvest. It’s not even a fact that shoots will appear. The seeds will simply rot and the roots will die.

It makes sense to sow soaked peas only when the planting time has already passed, but you want to get a harvest as quickly as possible. The soaking time for the material is approximately 12 hours. During this period, you need to change the water several times. The peas will absorb some water and swell. This way the shoots will appear faster.

Where is it better to plant peas in the shade or in the sun?

Peas are a heat-loving crop and will grow and develop best on the sunny side of the garden. In the shade, the plant will not receive enough ultraviolet radiation and will not look healthy. This will make the harvest poor. Therefore, you will not get a good harvest on the balcony or under the trees. Also, you should not grow it together with crops such as onions, cabbage, and tomatoes. You especially shouldn’t plant it next to legumes, since both plants will suffer from a lack of microelements in the soil. You should not choose to plant places where beans grew last season.

As for the soil. Peas are not picky about the composition of the soil; they can be successfully planted almost anywhere. With one exception, beds with high acidity are contraindicated. Testing the acidity of your soil is not that difficult. I wrote about this in detail in an article about planting onion sets. To reduce the acidity of the soil, you can add organic fertilizer (chalk, ash) during the spring loosening period. Or take care of it in the fall.

Basic landing rules

Peas have their own growing characteristics, which must be taken into account when planting them in your garden. The basic rules are:

• the crop can be planted at the end of April, and some varieties germinate even in summer;
• pisum requires plenty of sunlight;
• the root system of peas is well branched, so the presence of deep groundwater in the soil is desirable;
• To stimulate plant growth, shoots need to be pinched as early as possible;
• requires constant fertilizing with organic fertilizers;
• the plant is tied up, since heavy clusters pull the branches to the ground and break them;
• Preventive actions are necessary against insect pests (aphids, weevils, moths) and diseases (downy mildew, rust).

Find out more about the benefits and harms of peas.

Watering and fertilizing

As we said above, high acidity in the soil is the only thing that can prevent peas from germinating. But how to get rid of it? To do this, it is necessary to apply organic fertilizer during the spring loosening period or in the fall. You can use chalk or ash.

There is an interesting way to speed up seed germination, which not all gardeners know. After sowing the peas, place a small layer of compost or dry leaves on top. This is necessary in order to retain moisture in the soil, which will be needed for the first shoots to appear.

Figure 4. Watering should be moderate so as not to provoke rot.

There is no point in planting seeds in fertilized soil; because of this, the plant will go to the tops, and there will be very few pods

Peas need to be watered once a week; with the appearance of the first flowers, they need to be watered twice a week, approximately ten liters per square meter. Watering can be combined with fertilizing, for example, nitroammophoska in the proportion: one tablespoon per ten liters of water. Or use mullein, compost or humus (Figure 4).

Pre-winter planting of autumn flowers

Any types of flowers are suitable for pre-winter sifting, as long as they are cold-resistant. For both perennial and annual plants, the planting principle is the same with minor differences in the spring, everything will be discussed.

Sowing annuals

• Prepare the soil at the beginning of October - choose a place to preserve the seeds from being washed away by melt water, apply fertilizer and make grooves with holes. The depth of the holes depends on the size of the seeds - for large ones 4 to 5 cm is enough, for small ones no more than 1 cm. Medium ones need a depth of 2-3 cm.
• The time for planting is determined in accordance with the vegetable crops - November/December.
• After planting the seeds, you should sprinkle them not with ordinary soil, but with a mixture of peat, humus compost or other similar substances. This is due to soil compaction, which will prevent shoots from sprouting.

Planting perennial flowers

There are no differences from annuals, the nuances are hidden in the spring care of sowing - if annuals only need to be thinned out, then for perennials it is necessary to cover with film after the snow melts until the first shoots. This is necessary to protect the seeds from excessive rain and birds.

It is advisable to carry out the recommended picking for flowers when the first true leaves appear.

What can and cannot be planted with peas in the same bed?

Pea bed

Planting peas is possible not only in a separate bed, but also together with other crops. However, the crop yield depends on what exactly is chosen.

In one garden bed, peas get along quite well with:

• Strawberries. Its roots are located in the top layer of soil. Moreover, the root system is so small that it will not harm nearby peas, whose roots penetrate much deeper. If you plant both crops in one bed, you will get an excellent harvest.
• Zucchini, squash, pumpkin and cucumbers. All these crops are active consumers of nitrogen. And a properly chosen “neighbor” can provide them. Which is exactly what peas are. At the same time, insects flock well to the smell of legume flowers, and at the same time pollinate pumpkin flowers.
• Cabbage. Such a neighborhood would also be good for her. The peas will loosen the soil with their roots and prevent the neighbor from rotting. Gardeners recommend planting Chinese cabbage near peas. Its taste will become more pleasant and sweet.
• Potato. Many experienced gardeners know that their neighborhood is simply ideal, because this improves the potato harvest. In addition, the crop repels potato pests, including the Colorado potato beetle. This allows you to save time on processing, as well as purchasing drugs.
• Carrot. Essential oils in carrot tops can repel pests. If you also plant peas nearby, they will help each other grow, which will allow you to get a good harvest.
• Beet. She also gets along well with peas. The latter does not take nutrition from the root crop, but receives support. In this case, there is no need to tie up the stems of the plant.
• Radish, daikon. Also a good option. Gardeners note that with such a neighborhood, not only the yield improves, but also the taste of root crops.
• Corn. Thanks to the peas, it is saturated with nitrogen, and also receives protection for the roots from overheating. As for corn, it not only receives a lot of useful benefits from peas, but also protects it itself, becoming a support for the stems.
• Mustard. It also actively absorbs nitrogen, which is important for growth. At the same time, the peas themselves receive nutrients that are important for good yield.
• Spices. Mint, sage, rosemary and other similar herbs contain essential oils. They repel pests.

Despite the fact that plants really can become a support for peas. It’s better not to refuse to tie it up.

At the same time, not the best neighbors for peas are: garlic, onions, tomatoes, fennel, sunflower, basil and wormwood. It is also not recommended to plant peas too close to alfalfa and clover, or in the shade of bushes and trees.

Are peas compatible with other crops?

Most gardeners cultivate peas without giving them a separate place for a bed. As usual, it is planted on the same ridge along with other vegetable crops.

Important! It turns out that peas are able to saturate the soil with nitrogen, which is extremely useful for a number of growing crops

What to plant next to peas

Since the legume’s root system is quite impressive in length, it is able to extract various nutrients from the depths of the earth, some of which are given to plants growing in the neighborhood. So what can you use to plant peas in the same bed?

Neighbors of legumes in the garden can easily be: cucumbers, carrots, potatoes, radishes, corn, beans and herbs.

Peas and strawberries - compatibility of crops in open ground

Strawberries are harmless crops. After all, its root system is so small that it does not interfere with the development of the roots of neighboring plants. Therefore, by planting peas next to this berry, you can achieve high yields of both crops.

Peas and strawberries

Compatibility with zucchini

Peas will get along well in the same bed with zucchini. As you know, zucchini requires a huge amount of nutrients. And who, if not the peas, will help in obtaining them and will get them from the very depths of the soil.

With cabbage

Cabbage is an excellent neighbor for many garden plants. That is why you can find a piece of land on any garden plot for planting it. And by planting peas and cabbage on the same ridge, you can achieve amazingly high yields of both crops. Plants of the cabbage family also protect the roots of legumes from putrefactive diseases.

With potatoes

According to agronomists, it is necessary to throw a pea into the hole along with the potatoes. After all, peas contribute to potato yields, so from planting one bucket you can get up to eight buckets of harvest.

Important! In addition to increasing yield, peas protect potatoes from the Colorado potato beetle. This will eliminate the use of chemicals

With carrots

One of the most favorite neighbors of peas is carrots. With the help of tops, it is able to repel various insect pests.

With beets

Peas and beets make excellent friends. And of course, they can and should be planted on the same ridge. This proximity will eliminate the need to tie up legumes. It will be perfectly supported by fairly tall beet tops.

Planting peas and beets

With garlic

But it is best to plant legumes as far away from garlic as possible. Indeed, under its influence, peas will grow very slowly, and the amount of harvest will become very small.

With tomatoes

Tomatoes do not get along very well with legumes. Such a neighborhood will adversely affect the development and productivity of both plants.

With corn

You can plant all climbing plants with corn, as it will become an excellent support for them. For example, you can sow peas along the perimeter of a bed of corn.

But in addition to useful plants that are compatible with peas, there are many that should absolutely not be planted next to them. Such plants include onions, garlic and tomatoes.

Corn next to peas

A few secrets

Sometimes peas as green manure are used to prepare fertilizer for indoor flowers. To do this, pour a little water into plastic bags, put picked parts of green peas there, remove the air and place the resulting substrate in the sun. If you notice that the peas have turned black and the volume of water has decreased by 3 times, this means that the fertilizer is ready. And it can already be poured into pots. You can also water other vegetable crops with this green tea. Very often, pea tops are simply filled with water and left for a couple of weeks. This fertilizing also enriches the soil with useful substances and microelements, but this solution has a specific smell, so it is better not to brew such tea in a living room.

Benefits of peas as green manure

The main advantage of bean green manure is its effectiveness in restoring soil quality. The plant is characterized by intensive growth, the performance of which is one of the best among other green manures. In terms of growth rate, it ranks first among legumes.

The legume species has the ability to accumulate nitrogen and other nutrients, and then easily release them to the soil, making it more fertile. The advantage of culture for improving soil quality is:

• growth rate;
• frost resistance;
• low cost of planting material;
• the opportunity to get tasty fruits and at the same time improve the quality of the soil;
• ease of harvesting, no special equipment is required for such work;
• good result in increasing soil fertility;
• the ability to quickly improve soil quality;
• unpretentiousness in cultivation.

In addition to enriching the soil, green manure peas minimize the number of weeds and help prevent the appearance of pathogenic bacteria. The plant belongs to the group of excellent honey plants, which helps attract beneficial insects, which are natural enemies of garden pests.

After what crops can peas be planted?

Also an important factor is the process called crop rotation. This is a technology for growing various crops leading to increased yields. In simple words, a self-respecting gardener needs to know what can be planted, when and after what, and what should not be planted.

Of course, many people know about this, but not many observe this same crop rotation. Regarding peas, I can say the following: you can get a good harvest if you plant it in the place where crops such as grew last year;

• Cucumbers.
• Tomatoes.
• Pumpkin.
• Cabbage.
• Potato.
• Cereals or forage grasses.

But the worst predecessors are legumes. Since both peas and legumes require the same microelements for full development. And if, for example, beans grew in this place last year, then it is not recommended to plant peas in the same place for 4 years.

Peas: characteristics of the culture

Many people still wonder: are peas legumes or not?
It really belongs to the legume family, other information is erroneous.
The branching stems of the plant reach 250 cm. The stem is hollow, and the leaves are imparipinnate and compound. The petioles, which have tendrils, cling to the support, and thus hold the crop in an upright position. The pea root has a deep structure.
The flowers are usually white, but purple ones are also found. Due to their ability to self-pollinate, they bloom 45-55 days after sowing. In early varieties of peas, at the first flowering you can see 7-8 leaves from the axil, and up to 24 leaves in late varieties.

New flower stalks appear every two days. Characteristics of peas cannot do without a description of the fruit. They are beans, and depending on the plant variety, they have different shapes and colors. The beans contain up to 10 wrinkled or smooth seeds, and their color is the same as the skin of the pod. As the plant grows, beneficial bacteria develop on its roots, and nitrogen also appears, which the peas absorb from the atmosphere (this feeds the soil).

Pea diseases and their treatment

In summer cottages, peas most often fall ill with the following diseases:

• Powdery mildew appears in the form of a white coating on stems and leaves. The fungus causes the foliage to dry out prematurely. You can fight this disease with the help of colloidal sulfur preparations;
• Pea rust is manifested by the formation of many brown pads of various shapes on the leaves, and then on the stems and pods. Affected leaves dry out. The pathogens overwinter in the soil and on the roots of perennial weeds, especially milkweed. Prevention of the disease consists of pre-sowing treatment of seeds with a formaldehyde solution and thorough weeding of the beds;
• with downy mildew, the spots are not only white, but also yellowish, with a purple or gray coating. Prevention consists of carefully collecting plant residues after the last harvest; if the disease develops, treatment is practically impossible;
• spotting of leaves and pea pods appears as white or brown spots of various shapes with black dots. Then the disease spreads to peas. As a result, the plants die. Treating seed material with formaldehyde almost guarantees the absence of this disease; when it appears, spraying with antifungal drugs can help.

What to plant after corn?

It should be remembered: maize is a powerful plant. It has a highly developed ground part. It is removed at the end of the season. Deep, branched roots remain in the soil. They decompose slowly.

To saturate the soil with organic matter, their complete decomposition is required. This is achieved by thoroughly loosening the soil. The purpose of the procedure is to finely chop the remains. The bacteria will do the rest. The gardener will receive a prepared bed for subsequent plants.

What to plant?

Agronomists advise placing the following next year after maize:

1. Winter grain crops. After corn, the damage to crops by nematodes decreases. But at the same time, fusarium disease is possible. Plowless cultivation of beds leads to the formation of mycotoxins in the grain. Diseases of the region should be taken into account. Corn is a carrier for some viruses (dwarf mosaic).
2. Beet (table, sugar, fodder). After maize he feels great: nematodes no longer bother the crops. But at the same time, beets are affected by root rot. They are caused by fungi. To prevent troubles, it is recommended to finely chop the stems and carefully embed the remains into the soil. This measure will destroy fungal colonies in the soil.
3. You can plant peas, fava beans or black beans. They will produce a good harvest on weed-free ridges and saturate the soil with nitrogen. This will make her healthier.
4. Sunflower will produce quite well after corn. He will like deeply loosened, fertilized soil. Both cultures love sunny, well-warmed areas. The soil moisture requirements are identical.
5. The vacant piece of the garden will be decorated with plantings of annual (red) flax. But this plant loves moister soils.
6. Potato. Grows well after planting corn for grain and silage. The culture responds well to loose soils with a lot of organic matter. But an additional addition of a mineral complex is required.

Some gardeners sow green manure: clover, alfalfa, lupine. For gardeners with pets, the measure is justified: herbs are used for food and at the same time for improving the health of the land. One must be careful: these followers can pollute the pure soil.

Where is it better to plant peas in the shade or in the sun?

Peas are a heat-loving crop and will grow and develop best on the sunny side of the garden. In the shade, the plant will not receive enough ultraviolet radiation and will not look healthy. This will make the harvest poor. Therefore, you will not get a good harvest on the balcony or under the trees. Also, you should not grow it together with crops such as onions, cabbage, and tomatoes. You especially shouldn’t plant it next to legumes, since both plants will suffer from a lack of microelements in the soil. You should not choose to plant places where beans grew last season.

As for the soil. Peas are not picky about the composition of the soil; they can be successfully planted almost anywhere. With one exception, beds with high acidity are contraindicated. Testing the acidity of your soil is not that difficult. I wrote about this in detail in an article about planting onion sets. To reduce the acidity of the soil, you can add organic fertilizer (chalk, ash) during the spring loosening period. Or take care of it in the fall.

What to plant after peas next year

What to plant after peas next year is a question often asked by beginning vegetable growers. One of the main principles of crop rotation is not to plant any legumes in one place for more than one season. But next season, for example, you can sow cruciferous crops (cabbage), pumpkin crops, and salads.

Next season you can sow cruciferous crops (cabbage), pumpkin crops, and salads.

Related question: what can you plant in the garden after the beans? It all depends on the wishes of the vegetable grower himself, because after this legume plant, high yields can be obtained from almost any cultivated plant. For example, if you sow garlic before winter, vegetables from the nightshade family, melons, carrots, beets, turnips and radishes will yield good harvests the following season.

Knowing the rules of crop rotation and using green manure wisely, even novice gardeners can easily achieve record yields.

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Sowing time

The timing of planting crops in open ground depends on the climate of the area and when it is planned to harvest. The earliest sowing is carried out in the second half of April. By this time, in most regions the snow has already melted, and the ground is drying out and warming up. Pea seedlings are not afraid of the cold. They can easily tolerate spring frosts if the temperature does not drop below -6°C. In order for pea pods to ripen in June or early July, the seeds are sown again after 15-20 days. And if you carry out the third planting in the last days of May, you will be able to enjoy the juicy fruits in the middle of summer.

In spring, it is better not to be late with planting seeds. If the soil dries out, it will be difficult for seedlings to break through, they will be weak and uneven. Summer planting of peas is also practiced. It is carried out in June, and if you choose an early ripening variety, the sowing time will last until July 10.

It is advisable to germinate the seeds before placing them in the ground. They are placed in a cloth, and the resulting bundle is placed in water. After a couple of hours, it is taken out and the peas are left to peck. They need 3 to 5 days for this. As the fabric dries, moisten it. Some gardeners prefer to soak seeds by pouring water at room temperature into them. It should completely cover them. Keep planting material in liquid for 12-18 hours. The water is changed frequently (every 2-3 hours). There is a faster and less labor-intensive way to prepare seeds - soak the peas in a solution of a special drug that stimulates seedling growth. It is enough to keep them in it for 2-3 hours.

Dry planting material is also used. But the result will be better if you prepare it first. The technology is very simple. To treat seeds you will need only two components:

• boric acid;
• water heated to 40°C.

The peas are dipped into the prepared solution and kept in it for 5 minutes. This procedure is a good prevention against the root weevil, whose larvae often damage tender shoots in the spring. If the seeds fail to germinate, they need to be planted in moist soil. Then young shoots will appear from the soil in a week. The parched soil will need to be thoroughly moistened.

When is the best time to sow peas?

The growing season of different varieties of peas is very different, but early sugar varieties are mainly sown in dachas.
They are ready for use within a month and a half after sowing or a little later. In central Russia it is better to sow peas of early varieties

Based on the desired period of consumption, it is easy to calculate the sowing date, because peas can be planted very early, as soon as the soil thaws. In central Russia, this time comes around the end, or even mid-April. In the north, peas are sown in May, and in the south, the earlier, the better: this crop does not like extreme heat and the harvest must be harvested before it sets in. Therefore, in regions such as Rostov or Astrakhan, peas must be sown already in March.

To extend the harvest period, it is better to immediately sow both an early-ripening variety and a mid-ripening variety. And if you want to enjoy your favorite variety for a longer time, you should sow it several times, with an interval of one and a half to two weeks.

Soil and air temperature

When sowing peas, you need to focus on the temperature of the soil, not the air. Any varieties of peas are extremely cold-resistant; seedlings can withstand severe frosts, but swollen but not germinated seeds will simply rot in the ground at low temperatures. Smooth-grain varieties germinate already at a soil temperature of +1 °C, and brain varieties - no lower than at +4 °C. Therefore, you can start sowing the former in open ground immediately after the snow melts, and the latter - ten days later. The last date for sowing peas is the end of June or a little later.

Peas are sown very early, when other plants have not yet woken up after winter.

During the growth of peas, for the formation of green mass (stems, leaves), the optimal air and soil temperature is 12–16 ºС, the generative organs (buds, flowers) are slightly higher (16–22 ºС). Too high a temperature during the flowering period, as well as the filling of pods, has a bad effect on the quantity and quality of the harvest.

Growing peas in different conditions

Peas can be grown not only in open ground.

In the apartment

Some amateurs grow peas even in a city apartment. True, this is more difficult to do than in the garden. If there is no well-lit window sill, additional lighting will be required. In order to save space in the apartment for a while, they first grow seedlings: sow peas in small cups, and then transplant them into large boxes. They use soil from beds where nightshade or pumpkin plants grew in summer. With the onset of warm days, the peas in the box are taken out to the balcony, and when the plants reach a height of 10–15 cm, they are tied to supports. With the beginning of flowering, regularly water and feed with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Peas bear fruit on the balcony for about 2 months.

If you plant pea seedlings in a continuous manner, it will be very difficult to separate them into individual bushes

In the greenhouse

To obtain an earlier harvest, peas can also be grown in a greenhouse. In heated greenhouses, sowing is possible as early as February, in unheated greenhouses - in March.

In a greenhouse, peas are more often affected by powdery mildew. You can fight it: this requires frequent ventilation. Heat is also contraindicated for peas, so when it gets warm, windows and doors should be open most of the day.

The greenhouse in which peas grow needs to be ventilated frequently.

In a barrel

The barrel is filled with fertile soil and placed in any empty place on the site. Plant peas in it in the usual way. Peas don't necessarily have to grow upward; Moreover, it will fall down the walls of the barrel all the way to the ground. It is easier to care for: there is no need for supports, it is easy to trim weeds and water. The soil in the barrels warms up quickly, so it becomes possible to get the first pea harvest earlier than usual.

Harvesting peas and storing them

It is customary to harvest peas approximately 2-4 weeks after flowering. The lower pods ripen earlier than the upper ones. Remove the pods every 2-3 days.

You can also leave the peas to ripen for seeds. To collect peas for seeds, you should wait until the pods turn completely yellow, dry out a little and “ring” in the pod.

Video: when and how to collect pea seeds for later planting

There are several ways to store peas. Freezing and canning are great for this. Although you can simply dry it.

It is advisable to store dried peas in glass jars, closed and in dark places. Storage under such conditions will prevent the appearance of various kinds of worms and insects in peas.

Thus, if you have become ill with such a respectable vegetable crop as peas, and are striving to learn how to grow it correctly, take advantage of the tips and recommendations on progressive agricultural technology for planting peas in open ground, collecting them for storage, and they will help even a novice summer resident without multiplying mistakes, achieve an exceptional harvest on your site.

Video: briefly about growing peas

Growing and caring for peas in open ground

In order to have a harvest of green peas during the summer, experienced gardeners recommend pinching some of the plants planted in spring. This will slow down their growth and delay the appearance of fruits. It is also possible to grow different varieties with ripeness from 60 to 120 days.

Agricultural technology for growing peas implies that the soil on the site should be light and fertile, with a neutral or alkaline reaction. If the soil on the site is acidic, it must be limed by adding chalk and lime at the rate of 350-400 g per 1 m² or 600-800 g of ash per 1 m².

There are the following types of peas according to the degree of ripening: early, mid-ripening and late ripening peas.

In soils poor in humus add (per 1 m²):

• 5-6 kg of rotted last year's manure;
• 10-15 g of potassium chloride;
• 30-40 g of superphosphate;
• 10 g ammonium nitrate.

The soil is dug up using a spade, the clods are broken up and leveled. It would be ideal to prepare the soil in the fall, but if necessary, you can apply fertilizer and lime the area for planting peas in the spring.

Let's throw seeds into the ground

For sowing, furrows 2-3 cm deep are made in the beds, peas are placed in them at the rate of 25 g per 1 sq.m. When growing peas in a dacha along a fence or wall, sowing is done in one row over the required length of the plot.

Growing from seeds can be done with double-row tapes. The distance between the rows in the tape is 15-20 cm, between the peas in the row is 5-8 cm. A minimum of 50 cm is left between the tapes. This will ensure uniform lighting and make it easier to care for the pea plantation.

A week after sowing, it is recommended to carefully loosen the top layer of soil to destroy weed seedlings and crust on the surface of the bed

Sugar snap peas should be harvested when the pods are still green with juicy blades.

To obtain an early harvest in early summer, peas are sown at the end of April, before the onset of hot and dry weather in May. To germinate, seeds need a lot of moisture and low soil temperature - about +5°C. Pea seedlings can withstand short-term frosts down to – 7°C.

When sowing at the beginning of summer, the pea harvest may not be expected, or it will be extremely low: peas cannot tolerate heat. To get a good harvest of green peas in the second half of summer, you can sow peas in August, when the nights become cool. He manages to form shoulder blades before the end of the season.

Plant care

Basic care consists of timely watering, installation of supports, loosening and weeding.

1. Peas are a moisture-loving crop throughout the growing season. Too much waterlogging and drying out of the soil reduces the yield of peas. Keeping the soil moderately moist can be considered optimal. Watering should be increased when hot and dry weather sets in, without allowing the soil to dry out.
2. Growing tall varieties of peas requires the installation of supports. If this is neglected, the pea shoots will be on the ground, intertwined, creating a mass of stems and leaves impenetrable to air, which in wet weather can cause rotting and disease of the plant. Caring for and harvesting crops on such a ridge will be difficult. Therefore, for tall varieties of peas, stakes and stamens are installed on which they can strengthen and grow vertically. To use pea plantings as a backdrop for heat-loving plants, you can install trellises. Supports for peas should be installed when the stems reach a height of 10 cm. Low-growing varieties of peas do not need support.
3. Loosening is carried out after the emergence of seedlings between the rows of the tapes. Weeds must be carefully removed to avoid thickening and shading of pea plantings.

Beet varieties for sowing before winter

'Podzimnyaya A-474' Mid-early variety, ripens in 55-100 days after germination. It is valued for its cold resistance, resistance to cercospora and flowering (formation of flower stalks), high taste and shelf life.

' Cold-resistant 19 ' Mid-season variety, from germination to harvest it will take 65-75 days. High taste, resistant to cold, color, and stores well.

' Egyptian flat ' Mid-season variety, 95-120 days from germination to technical maturity. It is valued for its consistently high yield, excellent taste, and resistance to the formation of peduncles. Zoned everywhere.

' Polar flat K-249 ' The variety is zoned for the northern regions; root crops will form 50-90 days after germination. Valued for its high resistance to cold, flowering, and pests (root beetles).

And beet seeds for winter sowings can be selected in our catalog, which contains offers from many large garden online stores. Select beet seeds:

What can you plant in the garden before winter?

What can you plant in your garden before winter?

Some plants and vegetables can be planted before winter. The next year they sprout well and in the spring, when every day is dear, there is no need to plant. Therefore, let’s make our spring gardening chores easier and look at what vegetables are planted before winter.

Garlic is a bulbous plant and therefore needs a cold period to develop. Therefore, it is planted before winter, and in early spring it is one of the first to begin to turn green, decorating the garden. Garlic is planted before the onset of stable frosts, but not too early. If you plant it earlier, when the warm autumn days are still lasting, then the garlic cloves may begin to grow and freeze with the onset of winter. If you are afraid that the garlic plantings will freeze before winter, then simply add straw or wilted grass to the garden bed. It will create an additional air gap and keep the plantings from freezing.

Another cold-resistant vegetable is beets. Beets are sown before winter when the ground freezes to a depth of 5 cm. This usually happens in November. Beets are sown, leaving 20 cm between rows. After sowing, I fill the furrows with pre-prepared humus. The bed is mulched with peat.

To prevent beets from going to waste, cold-resistant varieties are used for pre-winter sowing. They are called: Cold-resistant, Winter-resistant.

Carrots can also be sown before winter. It requires fertile, neutral soil, free of weeds, because its seeds germinate slowly and weeds can choke the tender seedlings. Sowing carrots under winter gives a huge advantage - already in June you can get the sweetest pencil carrots. Another good thing about sowing carrots for the winter is that vegetables of the usual varieties turn out larger and sweeter than when sowing at usual times.

Before winter, you can safely plant asters. It's done like this. The bed must be prepared in advance by marking grooves on it. Then cover the bed with film, roofing felt, etc.

It doesn’t matter what you cover it with, the main thing is that it can be easily cleared of snow later. You also need to prepare a bucket of sand. Wait for stable frosts and the first snowfalls. Clear the bed of snow and sow asters

Sprinkle dry sand on top

Clear the bed of snow and sow asters. Sprinkle dry sand on top.

No need to water. The snow will melt - this is water for flowers. You can cover the bed with spunbond on top. And according to this principle, you can plant flowers before winter.

What flowers can be planted in a flowerbed before winter?

• bulbous: daffodils, scylla, muscari, pushkinia, chionodox, crocuses, hyacinths, tulips.
• annuals: cornflowers, alyssum, calendula, small-flowered low-growing marigolds.
• perennial: echinocia, acquillegia, delphinium, eschscholzia.

Also in the flowerbed before winter you can plant flowers such as fescue, carnation, aubrieta, Turkish carnation, wild garlic, perennial lupine, eryngium, tenacious, saxifrage, sedum, bryozoan, gypsophila paniculata, sparkling salvia, thyme, coreopsis, arabis. Sprinkle them with compost, they will overwinter well and sprout in the spring.

Another thing that can be planted before winter is any greens: parsley, dill, radishes, celery, basil, as well as radishes and celery. Pre-winter plantings of those greens that sprout slowly are good.

Just don’t plant vegetables in the garden in the mud before winter. It’s better to prepare the bed, make furrows and wait until it freezes. Then you can sprinkle plant seeds and cover them with sand, which is also prepared in advance.

Ways to control pests and diseases

A big fan of peas among insect pests is the nodule weevil, which devours young succulent shoots, laying eggs.

Its offspring infects the root system of the plant, completely killing the crop.

The pea weevil and the codling moth, living up to their name, spoil the fruits: their larvae, having climbed inside the pods, gnaw the peas.

If you do not treat the bushes before the larvae penetrate under the pod flaps, the harvest will be ruined.

To prevent attacks by malicious pests, white mustard is sown mixed with peas; Ground hot red pepper is poured into the grooves before sowing pea seeds.

If there is a threat of attack, the bushes are sprayed with an infusion of fresh tomato tops for two or three days.

Garlic and onion infusion can also repel insects.

Aphids, having settled on the leaves and stems of peas, suck out the juice, as a result of which the plant withers, flowers fall off, and fruit ovaries die.

The traditional remedy against aphids is a solution of laundry soap.

First, the plant is treated by removing all visible insects with napkins or cotton pads soaked in a soap solution, then generously irrigating the bushes with this solution. Repeat the procedure after 4-5 days.

Viral diseases to which peas are susceptible:

• rust covering the leaves with red spots,
• powdery mildew, from which the plant turns black, the pods crack and burst,
• a mosaic that curls leaves covered in dark spots.

To prevent viral diseases, seeds are treated before planting.

At the first signs of damage, the plant is sprayed with fungicides.

It is recommended to carry out treatment at intervals of two weeks in dry weather, in the late afternoon.

Common diseases and pests

There are two types of diseases in peas: fungal or bacterial. As a result, prevention is useless. Proper care will protect legumes from damage.

You should be afraid of insects and pests that can cause more harm to peas. Any aphid can cause the death of a plant or the loss of part of the crop, more than a quarter. Prevention and control of the problem involves treatment with a folk remedy. Each bush is irrigated with a warm garlic solution with the addition of onion juice. This treatment does not cause harm, and most importantly, it does not expose the fruit to toxins.

Harvesting

Parsley is grown before winter for fresh consumption. Therefore, as soon as the leaves and stems reach maturity, they are cut off. To use for a long time, you should immediately put the herb in the refrigerator, in bags, providing the greens with air access. Don’t forget to sort out the shoots and dry them before planting.

To ensure juiciness of parsley leaves, it is necessary to water the bushes more abundantly before cutting. If root varieties of the plant are grown, then dig out the white fragrant roots in May-June. They are cut and placed in the freezer.

The stems of herbs are cut at the root, rather than plucked out at the tops. This will allow young shoots to grow, and then the grass will actively develop until autumn. It is better to take several stalks of grass for salad from the outside of the bush without violating its integrity.

When the curly leaves of the plant begin to turn yellow, the shoots are completely cut off to be stored and used for cooking.

If you follow the rules for growing parsley before winter and carefully care for the plantings, you can achieve a high yield of greenery. It will provide summer residents with vitamins and beneficial microelements until the next time the herbs are cut.