Decorative climbing beans: planting and care, propagation, varieties, photos

Characteristics of decorative beans

The weaver grows quickly, sometimes reaching over 5-6 m in height. Legumes are heat-loving plants, so sunny places on the site are chosen for them. Beans have pinnate leaves with stipules. The flowers are in axillary racemes, the pods are of a two-leaf type. Climbing beans that are fiery red or red-flowering and purple are popular in our country.

Beans saturate the soil with nitrogen, so potatoes planted next to beans will produce a good harvest. Plants protect potatoes from late blight. Composts and fertilizer are made from the green parts of beans, and beans are used in culinary recipes.

Benefits of turch beans:

grows quickly;
unpretentious in care;
many varieties of different colors and shapes;
blooms for a long time, maintaining its attractiveness;
creating fertilizer from plants;
enriches the soil with nitrogen.

Features of climbing beans

Photo:

Decorative climbing bean is a vine that can reach a height of 2 to 5 meters. Thanks to this, such plants are suitable for arranging arches, arbors, creating hedges, and also as a natural covering for some vegetable crops.

In addition, there are other advantages of growing different varieties of ornamental beans:

The speed of development of shrubs - in one spring-summer season you can plant trees over a large area.
Easy to care for plants.
Wide decorative possibilities, which are achieved due to the original appearance and a wide range of shapes, sizes, shades of not only inflorescences, but also the pods themselves.
The green mass of legumes is excellent as a component for natural fertilizers and compost preparation.
The soils on which decorative climbing beans are grown are enriched with nitrogen. And this substance is very important for the development of many cultivated plants - vegetables, berries, fruits.
Beans perform well as green manure. By planting it next to cultivated plants, for example, potatoes, tomatoes, you can significantly reduce the number of weeds and insect pest attacks.

Important! The valuable properties of beans are manifested not only in their beneficial combination with fruit and vegetable plants and high decorative properties. Most of the fruits are edible and very useful for humans.

The rich chemical composition of legumes, which includes iron, zinc, magnesium, chromium, calcium, as well as vitamins B, E, C, A.

This causes the following properties and effects on the human body:

The calorie content of legumes is low, but there is a high concentration of vegetable protein, so bean dishes are nutritious and at the same time dietary.
Regular consumption of beans has a beneficial effect on the condition of the skin, hair, and nails.
A properly composed diet including bean dishes in any form - salads, sautés, stews, purees - improves immunity.
Beans also have a medicinal effect, therefore they are widely used in folk medicine for rheumatoid arthritis, bronchitis, itchy skin, eczema and other diseases.

The disadvantages of growing decorative climbing beans are quite subjective:

Many varieties of shrubs are heavy, so strong supports are needed.
Plants are thermophilic, which makes it necessary to allocate a sunny area with good access to light for planting.

Is this a food crop or just a flower crop?

It is a food and flower crop at the same time. All beans are edible except the purple variety. You can eat decorative beans; they contain zinc, magnesium, iron, chromium, calcium, proteins, fiber, carbohydrates, and vitamins. 100 g of product contains 26 kcal.

There are 2 types of climbing beans: grain and asparagus. The shelled type pod has an inner parchment layer, it is located between the beans. The pods grow tough and are not eaten.

Sugar green beans have soft and tender blades that are eaten unripe. The pods are juicy, crispy, sweet. Ripe fruits are used to plant beans, and various dishes are prepared from them. The seeds are smaller in size than grain varieties.

Use of dolichos in cooking

Dolichos fruits are high in starch and protein. Compared to beans, they have a more delicate structure and mild taste. Unripe pods or ripened beans can be used for food. The finished dish will be rich in herbaceous, spicy aroma.

Both young fruits and the seeds themselves are suitable for food.

Dolichos fruits are used in salads, side dishes, and soups. They can be combined with vegetables, seafood, fish and rice. They perfectly satisfy hunger and restore strength. In oriental medicine, a decoction of beans is used to restore the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract and fight stomach diseases.

Popular varieties of garden beans

Purple seeds are only available in raw form. After heat treatment, the purple color changes to green. In addition to the grain and sugar varieties, there are varieties of semi-sugar beans. When young, it is used as a green bean, and when ripe it is used as a shelling species.

The best varieties of climbing beans

Variety name	Ripening time in days	Characteristics	Pods
Bluehilda beans	92-109, late ripening	Bean, climbing, purple, long flowering, vine 4 m high	The length of the blades is 15-25 cm, purple in color, after heat treatment they become green, the seeds are large
Fire whirlwind	60-70, mid-early variety	Height 3 m, many trifoliate leaves, scarlet and white flowers, loves shade	Shoulder blades green, long
Grain beans Violet	65-75	Peeling appearance, height 1.8-2.6 m, soft purple flowers, purple grains, afraid of cold weather	Pink-lilac pods up to 20 cm long
Beans Winner	80-90	Does not tolerate frost, length 2-3 m, flowers small, blooms June-September, semi-sweet type	Long wide pods up to 30 cm green, contain 4-10 purple seeds
Purple Queen Beans	51-56, mid-early variety	Purple flowers, plant length 1.6 m, white grains, abundant fruiting	The pods are tubular, 13-18 cm long, dark purple in color
Spanish white beans	65-80	3-4 m tall, white flowers, the largest beans among shelling varieties, white fruits.	The pods are green, thick, not edible, 3-4 fruits in one blade, 13 cm long.
Green giant beans	55-60	Climbing green bean, high-yielding variety, plant length 3-4 m	Bright green pods 20-22 cm long, 2.5 cm wide.
Borlotto beans	54-63	Italian variety, vine 3-3.5 m, scarlet flowers, have a nutty taste	Green pods have a red marble pattern, length up to 14 cm, 4-5 seeds per pod
Bean variety Vigna	100-125	A productive species 1.5-4 m tall, one bush produces up to 3 kg of fruit, the flowers are yellow-brown during the day and purple at night	Pods 1 m long, bright green
Golden nectar climbing bean	65-70	Plant height 3-4 m, asparagus-like appearance, young pods are used for dishes	The blades are golden yellow up to 25 cm long
Dolichos	80-90	Hyacinth beans are eaten, used as green manure, fed to livestock, height 4 m, foliage of different shades, flowers pink, white, crimson	Pods are purple 5-6 cm, burgundy, purple with 2-4 black grains

Types of dolichos

In the natural environment, in India and East Africa, about 70 species of dolichos grow. In Russia, only dolichos vulgaris , which is also called “climbing lilac,” is currently cultivated. The reason for this is lilac stains on flowers, vines and young leaves. Several ornamental varieties have been bred based on this species:

Pink moon. The variety is very similar to the flexible shoots of lilac. Vines up to 4 m long are covered with large heart-shaped leaves of bright green color. Long lilac inflorescences bloom among the lush greenery. Glossy, dark purple beans last until late autumn and can show off even against the backdrop of the first snowdrifts.

Dolichos pink moon.

Dolichos purple garland.

Purple garland. Shoots can grow up to 6 m in length. They are covered with very large leaves and long, garland-like inflorescences. The flowers are bright purple. They are suitable for cutting and will last a long time in a vase.
Lilac cascade. The plant is distinguished by shorter, but highly branched vines. It is often used for landscaping verandas and balconies. Flowering and fruiting are not so abundant, but the vine is resistant to cold snaps and light frosts.

Dolichos lilac cascade.

Dolichos lablab.

Dolichos lablab (lobia). The variety grows at the foot of Kilimanjaro. Its shoots reach 3-5 m in length and produce many lateral shoots. Racemose inflorescences are located among the heart-shaped dark green foliage. The buds are colored lilac or purple. After pollination, flattened beans with a wavy surface are formed. They contain round or oblong seeds.

Sowing decorative beans for seedlings

The seedling method is needed for varieties with late ripening periods. To grow beans with a growing season of 120 days, it will take all summer; perhaps the fruits will not ripen until frost, and flowering will occur in August. To speed up the ripening process of beans, beans are planted through seedlings.

The method is not simple, since garden crops do not like transplanting. To do this, the seeds are planted immediately in peat cups so as not to disturb the roots, but the plant is transferred to the ground along with the pot. The seedlings stay indoors for about a month. They begin to sow in early April; planting dates depend on the region of growth and the growing season of the variety. In the southern regions, grains are planted for seedlings in March, and in the northern part of the country - at the end of April.

Sowing rules:

select large, undamaged fruits without signs of mold;
soak the grains in water on a cloth for 12-24 hours until they swell;
immerse the seeds in a manganese solution for 30 minutes;
pour a soil mixture of turf and sand 2:1 into individual peat pots, add 150 g of ash to a bucket of the mixture;
water the soil;
bury the seeds 2 cm into the ground, 2 grains per pot (if both germinate, transplant into another container);
room temperature 18-21 degrees before beans germinate;
after the sprouts appear, reduce the temperature to 16 degrees on the 4th day;
The bushes are not pruned or pinched, they are not fed for the first month, they are only watered as the soil dries out.

Attention!

Instead of peat pots, you can use large peat tablets.

Vigna Caracalla

The name of this variety is as fancy as its flowers, which are shaped like a snail with the same name. This is the largest climbing bean variety, growing up to 7 m in height.

Thanks to its large whiskers, Vigna quickly attaches itself to supports: hedges, terraces, arches, pergolas, entwining them completely. The leaves resemble ordinary beans, but from the very beginning of flowering it becomes obvious that this variety is highly decorative. In addition, Vigna Caracalla is characterized by a pleasant aroma that attracts pollinating insects.

Good to know! The best varieties of beans for open ground

Planting seedlings in a garden bed

A month later, when 2-4 leaves appear, the seedlings are transferred to the garden. Before planting 5 days in advance, the bushes are left for 2 hours in the fresh air to harden, accustoming them to the external environment.

Fertilizing the land before planting

Before planting beans, you need to fertilize the soil with various fertilizers.

Before planting beans, you first need to fertilize the soil on which they will grow. To do this, the following substances are used for a planting area of 10 square meters:

potash fertilizer, approximately 150 grams;
superphosphate, 250-300 grams.

At the same time, you can mix humus into the ground at the rate of 5 buckets of the substance per previously indicated area. Simultaneously with the application of fertilizers, deep digging of the territory should take place.

Planting decorative weaving

Ornamental legumes with early and mid-early ripening periods are planted with seeds in open soil. Growing beans begins with the onset of warm weather.

Landing dates

The sowing time begins with the soil warming up and the onset of stable heat. Cold nights will inhibit plant growth and development. Grains begin to germinate when the ground temperature is more than 10 degrees; if the night temperature drops to 1 degree, the seeds may not germinate at all.

In the central regions, grains are sown in mid-May, in the north - in early June, and in the south of the country, planting is carried out in April, after the 15th. The optimal temperature for beans is 19-24 degrees.

Attention!

An approximate guideline for planting beans is sowing cucumber seeds in open ground; they are also afraid of frost.

Decorative climbing beans planting and care

For planting you need warm, light, loose soil, preferably without clay. If groundwater is located close to the surface of the earth, then make an elevated bed. Planting directly into the ground does not require replanting fragile seedlings, which may be damaged, broken or not adapt to the external environment when moved.

Seed planting sequence:

soak the grains for a day in warm water;
transfer the seeds to a manganese solution for 25 minutes;
lay the fruits on a towel to dry;
Make 1.5 cm depressions in the ground at a distance of 30 cm, 40-50 cm between rows, water;
put 2 grains in one hole;
cover with a layer of earth, water;
mulch the ground with straw, sawdust, and dry grass.

The soil temperature should be at least 13-14 degrees. A support is installed next to each hole, a fishing line and rope are pulled so that the vine does not spread along the ground, but beautifully entwines the support.

Dolichos in landscape design

Dolichos is ideal for decorating arches, gazebos, fences and outbuildings up to 4 m high. Throughout the season, it attracts with its bright foliage, abundant flowering and amazing fruits. Against such a picturesque background, a flower garden with shorter plants will look much more attractive. The best neighbors for dolichos are dahlias, peonies, tulips and clematis. If you put in a little more effort, you can use a flexible vine to weave around any base and get a picturesque sculpture in the middle of the lawn.

Dolichos will allow you to decorate any buildings in the garden - a house, gazebos, fences, or create flowering arches.

The plant can be grown not only in the garden, but also on the veranda or balcony. To do this, use a capacious tub. In this case, preserving dolichos in winter will be much easier.

Caring for decorative beans

Caring for beans is not difficult. Seedlings need warm weather, at least 18 degrees. If the nights are cold, then the seedlings are covered with film. An adult plant is not afraid of small temperature changes; it calmly tolerates cold temperatures lower by 5-6 degrees.

How to water beans

The beans are watered with heated, settled water. You can put water in a tank and leave it in the sun to warm up, and in the evening, water the seedlings from a watering can with this water at the root or pour the liquid between the rows. Do not water from a bucket or spray liquid on the foliage.

In hot weather, watering is increased to 2-3 times a week. Frequent watering will cause fungal diseases. During rainy times, no moisture is required. It is better to water the plants as the soil dries out.

Important!

Water should not contain chlorine, as it has a negative effect on plant growth.

Top dressing

After planting, when 3 leaves have appeared, add superphosphate - 20 g per 1 square meter. m. and 1 g of urea. When forming buds, add potassium - 15 g per square area. Liquid fertilizers are poured carefully so that the liquid does not get on the green parts of the plant. You can sprinkle dry fertilizers around the bushes; they will be absorbed into the ground after watering.

Before fertilizing, the bushes are watered, and fertilizing is done simultaneously with watering. All drugs are diluted according to the instructions. Nitrogen fertilizers will be needed if beans are grown not for flowers and grains, but for green, lush foliage. Do not forget about weeding; they weed between the rows 2 times a month.

Growing and care in open ground

Planting a plant is not enough; in order to decorate the area and get a harvest, you need to know how to care for it. The cultivation process is not difficult; it is enough to follow simple recommendations.

Plant care

Watering and fertilizing

Watering beans is done sparingly. No more than once every 4-5 days. The plant does not like moisture in large quantities. However, it is important to ensure that the soil does not dry out. When watering, you need to pay attention so that water does not get on the leaves and flowers. Otherwise, the plant may be damaged.

In the first year after planting, the plant is not fertilized. Perennial plants need fertilizing. Mineral mixtures must be used as fertilizer.

Important! If the plant does not bloom abundantly, it is necessary to feed it with nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers. It is necessary to apply fertilizers after watering, as there is a risk of burns.

Weeding, loosening, mulching

Weeding and loosening is carried out every 5 days. In order for the plant to grow and bloom profusely, it is necessary to provide oxygen access to the root system. It is advisable to regularly remove weeds. During the hot season, it is necessary to retain moisture using mulch. The soil between the beds should be mulched using sawdust or pine needles.

Flowers and fruits

Dolichos vines bloom in July. Beautiful clusters of delicate moth-like flowers appear on the plant until mid-autumn. The inflorescences open from bottom to top, when the lower flowers are fragrant, the upper ones are hidden in the buds. Pods appear in place of fallen flowers. For further cultivation, the first ripened beans are harvested. Seeds can be stored for up to 5 years without loss of germination.

Information. Young beans are eaten. Before cooking, they are soaked in cold water. Dolichos fruits are boiled for an hour. Beans contain proteins, fats, vitamins and microelements. Dishes made from them are useful for diabetes mellitus and liver diseases.

Turkish beans

A very spectacular plant with red flowers, for which Russian gardeners fell in love with it and have been actively growing it for several generations in a row. The beauty is that it is extremely undemanding, therefore it is successfully cultivated even in those dachas where the owners come only from time to time.

The beans themselves are also very beautiful: most often they are purple in color with pink or white spots. Soup, salads, stews or other dishes made from such decorative beans look very beautiful.

Pests and diseases of beans

Beans that are grown and cared for in a greenhouse, or under a film in the open ground, often get sick. Due to poor ventilation, there is a danger of bacteriosis, which appears on the plant in the form of spots or rot. For protection and treatment at initial signs of infection, systemic fungicides containing copper are used.

Weeds aren't just a problem for young legumes. Fungal and viral diseases spread through them. For example, milkweed carries the rust pathogen. At the first signs of infection, spray with a solution of 1% Bordeaux mixture.

Legume pests:

Sprout fly (lat. Delia platura)

Damages the base of the shoots, which leads to arrested development and drying out. For the purpose of prevention, it is necessary to avoid adding humus and compost to the soil.

Fighting methods:

Before sowing, the seeds are treated with Imidalite;
Treatment during the growing season with Ditos, Fufanon-Nova;
If a pest is detected, use the broad-spectrum insecticide Cyperus.

Bean weevil (lat. Acanthoscelides obtectus)

To avoid pest infestation, it is necessary to harvest the beans before cracking. The collected pods are placed in the cold for 15 hours, or heated for the same amount of time at 70 degrees Celsius.

The main method of control is treatment with insecticides Arrivo, Aktara and Fastak.

Pea moth (lat. Cydia nigricana)

One of the most common and dangerous pests of beans. The best prevention is proper crop rotation. It is not recommended to plant the crop after or next to other legumes.

To protect against the pest, it is necessary to spray with chemicals Gaupsin and Verticillin before flowering and after.

Winner

The favorite of vertical gardening is the climbing bean Winner. It fills the garden with many red small flowers, in the place of which pods later develop. Already 3 months after sowing, the harvest can be harvested, so the Winner is classified as both a vegetable and an ornamental variety.

It has very dense foliage of rich color, it densely covers the entire surface. This type of bean has excellent germination, so even from just a few beans you can grow a sufficient number of beans.