Broccoli in most regions is grown by sowing seeds into seedlings. To calculate the optimal timing in 2022, the developmental characteristics of the vegetable and days favorable for planting from the table compiled according to the lunar calendar are taken into account. After the seedlings have grown stronger, when stable warmth arrives, broccoli seedlings can be planted under the open sky.
Sowing broccoli for seedlings in 2021 according to the lunar calendar
According to the Lunar calendar, the most favorable days for sowing broccoli for seedlings or open ground in 2022 fall in the second half of each month. At this time, the waxing moon is under the zodiac signs fertile for cabbage. In brackets we will note the dates when the Moon is under the same signs, but is waning. Plants planted at this time develop better roots. This is even good for cabbage, since its root system is weak. If the roots are strong, then the head will turn out to be large.
Lunar sowing calendar for broccoli for 2022:
- in January 16-17, 26-27 (from 5 to 8, 12);
- in February 12-14, 22-24 (from 1 to 5, 8-9);
- in March 21 after 15.00 hours, 22, 23 (from 1 to 4, 7-8, 12, 20-31);
- in April 18-19, 25-28 (3-4, 5 to 16.00 hours, 8-9);
- in May 15-16, 17 to 16.00 hours, 22-25 (1-2, 5-6, 28-29);
- in June 11-13, 18-21 (1-3, 25-26).
Description of broccoli (with photo)
The description of broccoli cabbage is very similar to cauliflower. The stems of the crop are powerful green. In the first year of life, they grow up to 60-80 cm. Delicious green inflorescences form on their tops. Before the buds turn yellow and begin to open, you need to harvest, since after that the vegetables will simply be impossible to eat. Green buds are collected in capitate inflorescences. They can be easily cut off as they again form from axillary or lateral growth buds. The head of the inflorescences is of medium size. All varieties of broccoli are divided into three groups - early, middle and late. In northern regions where summers are cool, we recommend growing early hybrids. This way, you will have time to harvest for purees, salads and other delicious dishes. Medium and late varieties are suitable for warm regions. In hot climates, broccoli can be harvested throughout the summer months after planting.
In the following photo, broccoli is presented in different varietal groups:
When to plant cabbage by region
You should know that this variety of cabbage first appeared in the northeast of the Mediterranean and was cultivated for a long time in Italy. The climate there is relatively mild, and therefore the vegetable is quite capricious to weather conditions. It thrives in cool, humid weather and does not tolerate heat well. But broccoli grows in any soil.
Since seedlings should be planted in the beds in mid-May, sowing seeds should begin in March-April. You should consider in which region the vegetable will be grown.
Time frame for sowing broccoli seedlings:
- Middle zone and Moscow region - last week of March - mid-April. Suitable varieties: Tonus, Vitamin, Gnome.
- Ural and Siberia - mid-March. It is better to opt for early varieties, such as Macho, Tonus, Fiesta.
- Southern regions of Russia – end of February – beginning of March. It is worth purchasing broccoli seeds Calabrese, Bosphorus, Aurora.
Care after picking
In order for plants that have suffered stress to quickly strengthen and begin to grow after picking, they need to be carefully looked after.
Air temperature
The harvested seedlings should be kept at a temperature of about +15 degrees and protected from direct sunlight. After replanting, you need to constantly ensure that the substrate is moderately moist at all times. The soil should not become waterlogged. Seedlings should not be overly watered.
Broccoli does not like elevated temperatures, so you need to make sure that the room temperature is no higher than +17 degrees. At night the temperature may drop to +12.
Top dressing
Feed broccoli with potassium fertilizers. You can use ash or a light-colored solution of potassium permanganate.
Fertilizer schedule:
- Fertilizing begins after the appearance of the second true leaf.
- 10 days after the first feeding, the seedlings are fertilized a second time.
- 3 days before planting in the beds, cabbage is fed a third time.
Lighting
In the northern regions, there is still short daylight in the spring, so the seedlings are given extra light. It is advisable to use fluorescent lamps. Do not illuminate broccoli with incandescent lamps, as they heat the air too much.
Hardening
Further care of seedlings comes down to timely watering and fertilizing. A week before the planned planting, cabbage begins to be hardened off by taking the seedlings out onto the balcony or opening a window during the day.
Planting broccoli for seedlings: step-by-step instructions
We will describe in detail with photos how to properly sow and grow broccoli seedlings at home.
Seed preparation
Before sowing, it is recommended to treat the planting material:
- place in a gauze or other bag;
- immerse for 15 minutes in water with a temperature of + 50 degrees, then cool in cold water;
- soak overnight in Epin solution;
- rinse under running water;
- keep it in the vegetable section of the refrigerator for a day;
- spread on paper and dry to make it easier to sow.
Only seeds that have not been treated by the manufacturer should be prepared for sowing.
Soil preparation
Soil for growing Broccoli seedlings can be purchased at the store. It should be slightly alkaline or neutral, permeable and loose. You can prepare the soil yourself from humus, ash, sand and turf soil. Do not forget to disinfect the soil of your own production a few days before use (spill it with a strong solution of potassium permanganate or heat it in the oven).
Selection of seedling containers
To sow cabbage seeds, choose a container or box about 20 cm deep. However, Broccoli does not really like picking, so experienced gardeners recommend using small disposable cups or peat tablets.
If the container has already been used, rinse it with a solution of potassium permanganate. It is recommended to cover the bottom of the box or container with a small layer of drainage.
Sowing process
Seedling containers are filled with moist soil and you can start sowing broccoli seeds:
- Using a stick or pencil, make grooves about one and a half centimeters deep in the soil at a distance of 3 cm from each other. It is recommended to plant two seeds in cups and tablets, so that later you can select a strong seedling and cut off the weak one.
- We sow cabbage seeds in the furrows at a distance of 1-2 cm. To facilitate the sowing process, use a toothpick soaked in water. It is easy for her to pick up the seed and transfer it to the ground.
- Sprinkle the crops with soil, which should be slightly compacted and sprayed with settled water.
- Cover the containers with cling film or other film and place them in a warm place with a temperature of at least +20 degrees.
Until the seedlings appear, the shelter needs to be removed for a few minutes every day. This procedure is necessary to ventilate the soil and check its moisture. If the soil begins to dry out, moisten it with warm water using a spray bottle.
Do seedlings need additional mineral support?
Well-prepared soil may not require additional fertilizer. But if there is a desire, time and opportunity, fertilizing is still carried out. It is usually done 2 times, 3 weeks after the first shoots appear and another 10 days later.
Azofoska fertilizer
You can use saltpeter, superphosphate or potassium sulfate, diluting them in water at the rate of 2-3 g per 1 liter of water. Or you can use a complex fertilizer (for example, Azofoska).
Whatever fertilizer is chosen, certain rules must be followed:
- The nutrient solution should be used immediately after watering the seedlings.
- Don't overdo it; 1 liter of solution is enough for a large box of cabbage.
Picking or thinning
This is the very process that young shoots of cruciferous plants do not like so much. But it is only necessary in some cases - if the broccoli seedlings were planted too densely, and if there is a desire to preserve the removed sprouts.
You cannot delay this; the deadline is 2 weeks from the moment the crops peck, as soon as the first pair of true leaves appear. Excess plants are removed, planted in separate containers and buried in the soil up to the cotyledon leaves.
Unlike nightshades, the root system of broccoli should not be touched under any circumstances! Pinching the root can destroy the entire shoot.
We provide the transplanted seedlings with a comfortable temperature regime (22°C) for 2-3 days
Another point when emergency picking of plants may be required is if a mistake was made, the moment of emergence of seedlings was missed and the rule of moving them to a colder room was not followed.
It is almost impossible to save young seedlings that have grown rapidly, but you can try to pick them up into separate containers, burying them under the cotyledons.
Planting broccoli seedlings in a greenhouse or greenhouse
This is an easy way to grow young cabbage. This method has several advantages: the plants are always provided with a sufficient amount of sunlight, the soil does not dry out too quickly, and it is easier to regulate the temperature.
The timing of planting seeds here is the same as when planting at home. When transplanting plants into beds, they can be removed and transferred along with a large lump of soil, and this is much less stress for the seedlings
Unlike at home, dry seeds are used for sowing. The soil is prepared in advance, it is loosened and leveled in 7-10 days. Grooves 1-1.5 cm deep are made and spilled with a solution of Fitosporin or potassium permanganate. Then the soil is covered with a film, preferably black, for subsequent uniform heating.
The seeds are placed in the grooves and lightly sprinkled with loose soil. But, since the soil warms up slowly, the first shoots hatch in 7-10 days.
Picking is carried out in the phase of two true leaves
Sowing in open ground
This type of sowing can be used with a stable increase in air temperature above 12°C. In different regions, the timing of planting broccoli seedlings differs; usually it is the end of April - the beginning of June.
The seed begins to hatch in the soil only when it reaches a temperature of 5°C. Under such conditions, the first shoots will appear 10-12 days from the time of sowing. Soil preparation and seed planting techniques do not differ from the method used in greenhouses.
After sowing, the bed must be covered with material that conserves moisture and heat.
So, the seedlings developed safely in boxes on the loggia or in the greenhouse for the prescribed 5-6 weeks. The grown plant has a short thick stem and 5-6 true leaves.
But in order for young cabbage to favorably transfer to open ground, it is necessary to harden it. To do this, the boxes are exposed to the open air, starting from 3-4 hours, gradually lengthening this time. The greenhouse can be opened for ventilation.
To get a rich harvest, it is better to select a site for beds and prepare the land in advance, in the fall. Broccoli is unpretentious to the soil, but still prefers rich, fertile soil. It is better to choose a shaded area of the garden.
In the fall, the future bed must be dug up, adding 6-8 kg of compost or rotted manure per 1 square meter.
In the spring, plant debris is removed from it, dug up again and leveled. If you are meticulous about testing the soil, you can measure its acidity using litmus paper. Optimal pH values are from 6.7 to 7.4. If the acidity turns out to be high (and cabbage does not like this), you can correct this problem by adding lime.
We add fertilizers: 40 g of superphosphate and 10-12 g of ammonium nitrate for each square meter of area, and it is best to do this the day before transferring the seedlings.
It is better to plan the transfer itself in the evening hours:
- A furrow is made in the garden bed, broccoli seedlings are placed in it with an interval of 25-35 cm, and the row spacing should be at least 60-70 cm.
- The young are carefully removed from the substrate and placed in moistened holes, which are sprinkled with earth.
- Crops can be additionally moistened using a sprayer.
- Then the entire bed is covered with film or specialized non-woven material and greenhouse arcs.
Or you can do it simpler - cover each plant separately, using old five-liter plastic water cans with the bottom cut off. Then watering can be done through the open neck.
The protective material can be removed after 1-2 weeks, when the seedlings become stronger and the air temperature rises.
Caring for seedlings at home
Full cultivation of broccoli seedlings involves regular watering as the soil dries and maintaining optimal humidity in the room. In the early stages of growth, there should be no drafts or ventilation.
Caring for broccoli is identical to white cabbage. The cruciferous family grows well if five rules are followed:
- room temperature from 17 to 24 degrees Celsius;
- a gradual decrease in temperature indicators, after the formation of 3-4 full leaves. In the daytime - 17 degrees, at night - no more than 10;
- good humidity. This can be achieved using a humidifier or irrigation with warm water;
- regular watering to prevent waterlogging of the soil at any stage of growing seedlings;
- diving into open ground or a greenhouse, after the formation of 3-5 adult leaves.
Fertilizer application is not provided at the initial stage. I use mineral, organic and complex complementary foods after planting them in open ground. Before preparing the beds, the soil is shed with boron solution or settled water with the addition of molybene.
14 days before moving outside, the sprouts are gradually hardened, starting at short intervals and ending with a full day. This process eliminates the death of plants and the loss of part of the roots during rooting.
Seed preparation
In order to get strong and healthy seedlings, it is necessary to properly prepare the seed.
Sorting
First, the seeds are sorted. Only large, intact seeds are left. All small and puny seeds are discarded, and all debris is removed. You can sort broccoli through a sieve.
Warming up
In order to get seedlings faster, the seed material of this crop must be warmed up. To do this, the seeds are placed in a bag made of natural fabric and dipped in an ash solution. A solution is prepared from 1 liter of water at a temperature of +50 degrees and 1 tbsp. l. wood ash. The seeds are kept in this solution for 20 minutes. Then the seeds are poured into cold water for 2 minutes - all the unripe seeds will float and can be collected.
Disinfection
Good results are obtained by treating the seed in a solution of boric acid or potassium permanganate. This way you can protect seedlings from many diseases. To do this, dissolve 1 g of manganese or 0.5 g of acid in 1 liter of water at room temperature.
After etching for 15 minutes, the seed must be soaked for 5 hours in 1 liter of water in which 1 tbsp is dissolved. l. wood ash.
Hardening
After the procedures are completed, the wet seeds in a bag are sent to the bottom shelf in the refrigerator for a day. After hardening, a day later, the broccoli is taken out of the refrigerator, laid out on a dry cloth and dried to a loose state.
Planting seedlings in open ground
Cabbage is planted in the garden bed no earlier than the moment when several full leaves form on it. While picking the sprouts using a teaspoon, check the formation of the root system, assessing the growth of the lateral roots. Appearance can indicate the health of the seedlings. In the presence of root rot, weak roots or other manifestations of the disease, diseased seedlings are thrown away, preferring only high-quality plants for planting.
After preparing the beds, take care of the holes. The depth of each should not exceed 90% of the entire length of the plant. Before deepening, fertilizers are scattered and spilled, stirring the slurry with a handy tool (you can use a stick). The seedlings are buried down to the first leaves, sprinkled with soil and lightly tamped down with your fingers.
Planting is carried out in dry and windless weather. The preferable time is evening hours, so that the soil warms up well and can distribute moisture.
Features of growing seedlings
The cruciferous crop demonstrates excellent germination when sown at home to force seedlings. The latter, with preliminary preparation of the seed, hatch already 4-8 days after sowing. The main thing is to choose the right container, fill it with fertile substrate and provide the appropriate level of lighting and humidity - both soil and air.
They begin preparing seed material 7 days before the main work. The seed material is sorted out and immersed in ordinary water for 1 hour to remove non-germinating specimens. Conditioned - disinfected in a light pink solution of manganese. They are then stratified by wrapping them in a damp cloth and placing them in the vegetable compartment of the refrigerator. To minimize stress during picking, individual peat pots are chosen for sowing, with which the broccoli is then planted in the open air. Fill the containers with loose soil mixture with good drainage qualities.
After 40-50 days of development, depending on the variety, the seedlings are transplanted into the garden. The emerged plants must be strong and pre-hardened. Only specimens with a developed root system are selected. Broccoli should be harvested on time, as overgrowing on the windowsill reduces the plant's immunity. Under unfavorable weather conditions, weak plants may simply die.
Broccoli harvest
In addition to planting cabbage according to the Lunar calendar, gardeners also need to take care of harvesting cabbage from the garden. It is recommended to carry out manipulations on favorable days, excluding precipitation one week before collection.
The inflorescences are removed with a knife in the morning so that the crop cannot bloom and falls apart into separate parts. In the case of growing early and mid-ripening varieties, only the head of cabbage is cut off, leaving the plant in the garden until the growing season is complete. In a short period of time, each plant will form side shoots that differ in weight from the main one by 5-7 times.
Harvesting is carried out in several passes, observing a 2-4 day interval. When growing late varieties that have a long ripening period, the intervals are increased to one week.
In the event of a failure, they are guided by signs of readiness. At the end of the growing season, the head becomes dense.
When to Expect Ripening
The timing of harvest depends on climatic conditions and the characteristics of the selected variety. For example, in central Russia the indicator is about 100 days, in the southern regions - 90 days, and in cold climates - 120 days from the date of completion of sowing seedlings. The ripe crop is harvested only in the morning. The reason is the presence of a larger volume of juice and nutrients. If the collected head of cabbage turns out to be too strong, don’t be upset. It is enough to cook it longer. The least beneficial are cabbage heads that are loose or too large.
Errors during cultivation
The main mistakes when cultivating broccoli yourself come down to improper care and incorrectly selected growing conditions. For example, sometimes the ovary does not appear on cabbage. There are several reasons for this:
- insufficient watering (too rare or poor);
- excessively high or low temperature;
- lack of nutrients in the soil;
- incorrectly selected fertilizers, their excessive or untimely application to the soil;
- wrong choice of variety.
Too much shade on the broccoli beds, high acidity and soil density will also negatively affect the quantity and taste of the crop. Therefore, to obtain high-quality cabbage, it is very important to care for the crop correctly.
Broccoli grows well at home. If you follow the correct watering regime, maintain a comfortable temperature for the plant, fertilize and loosen the soil in a timely manner, the harvest will be juicy, tasty, and most importantly healthy.
Moon phases
The lunar month lasts 29.5 days. During this period, the moon makes a full revolution around the Earth and goes through 4 phases:
- New moon
- First quarter or waxing moon
- Full moon
- Last quarter or waning moon
The influence of moon phases on plants
- The new moon is the worst time for gardening work. Do not plant or replant anything. This unfavorable period lasts three days, the day before the new moon, the new moon and the day after.
- Growing Moon - The Moon grows itself and pulls up the energy and juices of plants. This is the best time to work with plants whose fruits ripen above the ground (greens, herbs, fruits, vegetables, flowers). You can plant, replant, graft, and so on.
- Full moon - during this period it is also not recommended for planting and replanting plants, but it lasts one day. You can do weeding, fertilizing, and treating the garden from pests.
- Waning Moon - juices and energy are directed down to the roots, so try to work with root vegetables, bulbous ones.
What does “first quarter” and “third quarter” mean in the Lunar calendar
After the new moon, the Moon begins to grow, its crescent appears in the sky and gradually increases in size. At some point in the lunar month, it turns out that exactly half of the lunar disk appears illuminated to us, and the other half is not visible. This phase of the synodic lunar month is called the first quarter.
In the third quarter or last quarter, we again see exactly half of the Moon, but this is already a waning, aging Moon. It's like a mirror image of the first quarter.
Is it possible to visually determine what phase the Moon is in, whether it is waxing or waning?
Yes, you can. It's very easy to do.
Look at the Moon and mentally place a pencil near its “horns”. If you get the correct letter “P”, it means the Moon is waxing, but if you get “P” on the contrary, something similar to the letter “U”, it means waning.
There are some more rules and recommendations that should be followed:
- It is best to plant plants at dawn or before lunch.
- When the Moon is waxing, use mineral supplements.
- When decreasing - organic.
What plants can be planted on the waxing Moon?
The waxing moon is a favorable phase for the growth and reproduction of plants, the period of their most intensive growth.
During the waxing Moon phase, it is favorable to plant ground fruits, flowers, as well as medicinal and lawn herbs, fast-growing shrubs, vegetables, leaf crops, including roses.
During this period, it is good to sow the lawn and replant indoor flowers, plant garden flowers, and harvest.
What plants can be planted on the waning moon
During the waning Moon phase, it is recommended to care for plants, fight pests, sow and plant plants whose fruits ripen underground, various fruit bushes and trees.
Good for the waning moon:
- Planting and propagating strawberries
- Plant trees and seedlings
- Cuttings from plants
- Divide perennials
- Trim and shape trees and shrubs
- Harvest for long-term storage
- Collect seeds
What can be planted during the new and full moon?
These days the earth freezes and does not give its energy to plants, so it is better not to plant anything these days.
On full moon days it is good to collect fruits (except for root vegetables)
You can care for plants during a Lunar Eclipse
On the days of lunar eclipses, it is better NOT to carry out any work with plants!!!
Conditions for growing broccoli
Broccoli is an unpretentious crop, so it is grown in any region: from frosty, cloudy St. Petersburg to hot Crimea. Regardless of the climate, to obtain a rich, tasty harvest, the rules of crop care are followed.
First of all, they create optimal conditions for it:
- soil moisture must be at least 70%;
- optimal air humidity – 80-85%;
- cabbage is light-loving, so it is planted in the light part of the plot;
- the best harvest is obtained if the temperature is between +16 °C and +20 °C;
- the ground is constantly dug up, since the plant does not tolerate compacted soil.
Be sure to observe the correct timing for sowing seeds or transferring seedlings to open ground.
Advice from experienced vegetable growers
Broccoli seedlings are grown in the same way as white cabbage. Before the emergence of seedlings, the temperature in the room where the containers with the crops are located is maintained at 20 ºC, but after hatching it is halved for a week. Then the temperature regime is set as follows: on sunny days – 16 ºC, at night – 9 ºC, on cloudy days – 14 ºC.
When the seedlings are two weeks old, during the initial sowing in a seedling box, the plants are picked. It is best to do this in peat pots, in which the seedlings can then be planted in the garden without any problems. After picking, the seedlings are protected from the sun for several days by constructing a paper shelter, and the room temperature is raised to 21 ºC.
Broccoli is a popular vegetable that is rich in nutrients. If you correctly calculate the sowing date and plant strong seedlings in the beds in a timely manner, further cultivation will not take much effort.
Varieties and varieties of broccoli
- Classic (Calabrian) - forms round, dense heads of cabbage, consisting of unopened inflorescences. The most common subspecies in our country.
- Red - the head of cabbage is more reminiscent of cauliflower in appearance and structure and consists of underdeveloped flowers.
- Stem - unopened inflorescences grow on long thin stems.
Popular varieties of classic broccoli
Early ripening
They ripen in 50 to 100 days. Suitable for freezing.
Lord F1 . It has established itself as one of the best in taste. It forms a powerful central stem, on which is located a head of green inflorescences, weighing up to 800 g. After cutting off the central head, it produces side shoots with inflorescences, weighing up to 200 g.
Tone . Can be sown several times per season; the variety is very frost-resistant and unpretentious. The weight of the head of cabbage is about 200 g. The inflorescences can bloom quickly, so it is necessary to cut off the heads of cabbage in a timely manner.
Vyarus . Very early - 50-60 days from germination to technical maturity, productive variety. The weight of the central head is up to 1 kg.
Linda . Produces dense heads of dark green color, weighing up to 400 g. After cutting, side shoots quickly grow.
Early ripening varieties and hybrids of broccoli are the optimal choice for the climate of the Urals and Siberia. The growing season for early varieties is short, which allows for a rich harvest of broccoli in this region before frost sets in.
Mid-season
Ripening period is from 105 to 130 days. Stored in the refrigerator or cellar for about a month. When frozen, they retain their beneficial properties for a year.
Dwarf . Color grey-green. Frost-resistant variety that produces a healthy harvest. Excellent storage. The plant is compact, not spreading. The weight of the central head is up to 600 g, the side ones - up to 200 g.
Ironman F1 . A productive hybrid, the mass of central inflorescences is up to 600 g. Unpretentious, resistant to diseases and temperature changes. Has a delicate balanced taste.
Caesar . Ripens on average in 95-105 days, forms a large head weighing up to 500 g. Color - green with a light waxy coating. After cutting, side shoots actively grow.
Arcadia F1 . A productive variety, characterized by keeping quality and excellent taste. The mass of the central inflorescences is on average 450 g, lateral - 70 g.
Late ripening
The harvest can be harvested 135-145 days after emergence. Late varieties are stored in the cellar or refrigerator for up to 2 months without loss of nutrients. Like other varieties, they are great for freezing.
Marathon F1 . Tolerates frosts well. A productive variety, the mass of the central head is up to 800 g. The inflorescences are dense with excellent taste.
Agassi F1 . The mass of the central inflorescences is 700 g. A variety ideal for the southern regions - it tolerates heat well. Recommended for both open ground and film shelters.
Continental . The head of cabbage is dense, intense green in color, weighing 500 g. Tolerates temperature changes and is resistant to diseases. Excellent storage.
Romanesca . It differs from other varieties in the original structure of the head of cabbage - the inflorescences form cones. From a distance, the plant is shaped like a shell. Can be used as a decorative crop, for example, to decorate flower beds. Does not tolerate sudden temperature fluctuations. Weight up to 600 g. The taste is very delicate with a nutty aftertaste. Broccoli Romanesca is high in vitamins. The harvest can be frozen. Store fresh in the refrigerator for no more than a week.
Red and stem broccoli
Growing red and stem broccoli is not common in our country. The following varieties of these subspecies are cultivated in Europe and America:
Early Purple Sprouting - early ripening broccoli, the period from sowing to harvest is 65 days. Inflorescences of a bright purple hue. Excellent taste, can be eaten fresh.
Santee – ripening period from 80 to 180 days. The heads are lilac in color. Loves cool weather; during drought, the inflorescences acquire a bitter taste.
Sorento is an early variety of stem broccoli, ripens in 50 days. Produces 7-10 stems with dense inflorescences.
Spigariello Liscia is a popular stem variety in Sicily and Southern Italy. The period from sowing to harvesting is 45 days. It has excellent taste, is loved by restaurateurs, and is often used in Italian cuisine.
Rapini is a stem broccoli that ripens in 65 days. Produces several long stems with inflorescences. Inflorescences are rich green. Balanced, delicate taste, used in cooking in Mediterranean dishes.
The F1 marking indicates that the seeds were obtained through hybrid crossing. In general, hybrids tolerate unfavorable weather conditions better, are resistant to diseases and ripen earlier. However, hybrids are not suitable for seed propagation, since their descendants often do not inherit the qualities of the parent plants.
