The apple tree is perhaps the most popular fruit tree that can be found in every household plot. Gardeners are attracted by the relative unpretentiousness of apple trees, the variety of varieties and species, as well as the very abundant yield. The apple tree variety Krasa Sverdlovsk is a winter variety that belongs to the category of self-sterile (which means the apple tree needs pollinating varieties). The Krasa Sverdlovsk apple tree was bred by domestic breeders back in the 70s, and it very quickly gained popularity in many regions, and even outside of Russia.
In this article we will take a closer look at the Krasa Sverdlovsk apple tree variety and talk about its features, main and additional characteristics. Of course, information will also be provided on planting an apple tree and its subsequent care, since this is very necessary for every gardener to know. The Krasa Sverdlovsk apple tree is indeed very interesting, so we recommend paying attention to the agrotechnical requirements, as well as the abundance of fruiting and the versatility of the fruit.
Apple tree Krasa Sverdlovsk: photo of variety
Plant characteristics
Krasa Sverdlovsk is a self-sterile variety. To ensure cross-pollination, it is placed among other apple trees.
The tree is medium-sized with a rounded crown. The main branches are crooked, the bark is brown, located almost at right angles to the trunk. Fruits are formed on fruit twigs and ringlets.
Quite thick shoots, also covered with brown bark, geniculate, pubescent, with barely visible edges. The dark green large leaves with a shiny wrinkled surface and serrated jagged edges are heart-shaped.
In spring, the apple tree is decorated with large pinkish-white flowers with long stamens and a slightly longer pistil. This is one of the few cultivated apple trees with burgundy buds.
Features of growing Krasa Sverdlovsk
Landing
Basic conditions
- It is customary to plant the variety in dry, sunny areas, preferably on hills where groundwater lies quite deep. A wetland area, as well as a place immediately next to an open body of water, is not suitable for planting.
- The tree does not like strong winds, and even more so, cannot tolerate drafts. Therefore, we need to make sure that nothing like this happens. You can plant Krasa under the protection of hedges, building walls, and taller trees. The main thing is that they do not cast a thick shadow on your seedlings.
- All holes for planting must be prepared in advance, at least 4-5 weeks before planting. To do this, dig holes 60-70 centimeters deep and 1 meter in diameter, mix the top layer with manure, humus or compost, add a small amount of mineral fertilizers, and pour it back into the hole. All this is poured with 30-40 liters of water and left to soak for the required period.
- Immediately before planting, stakes are dug in for garter and a drainage layer of gravel, broken brick or vermiculite, 10-15 centimeters thick, is poured.
- The root collar must be at least 8-12 centimeters above the soil surface so that the tree does not take root higher, thereby eliminating all the properties of the rootstock.
- The root system is covered with earth, compacted with feet, watered with 40-50 liters of water, and the surface is mulched with humus or chopped grass.
Disembarkation dates
It is permissible to plant apple trees of this variety in early spring, before the movement of juice in the trunks begins. However, it is better to do this in the fall, after the leaves fall, around October. Trees with a closed root system are planted throughout the growing season.
Protection from frost and rodents
Like other apple trees, this one needs reliable protection, especially since it usually grows in rather difficult climatic conditions. The root zone is usually covered with straw mats, hay or spruce branches, and the trunks are wrapped with roofing felt, agrofibre, roofing felt or nylon tights. You can cover apple trees with burlap using the tent method. Slate options, as already mentioned, are covered and completely covered with snow.
To protect the young and tender bark from hungry mice and hares, who willingly move in winter closer to a person’s home, the trunks are coated with rendered lard or grease. Whitewashing with lime helps protect against insects in the fall.
Tree care
Loosening the soil, watering: proper agricultural technology
The variety loves airy, oxygen-filled soils, so regular loosening will not hurt. Twice a year you need to dig up the trunk circle, at the same time removing root growth, weeds, and shoots of other trees or shrubs. During the growing season, you can additionally hoe the soil.
During hot and dry periods, especially young trees, are in dire need of watering. To avoid overdoing it, you can follow the 10-day rule. That is, trees can be watered only when natural precipitation does not fall for exactly a decade. If it rains, you need to count the same amount of time again before watering. Water in two steps, in small portions (10 liters) in the morning and evening. In the second half of September, the introduction of moisture must be completely stopped so that the apple tree has time to prepare for wintering.
Pruning: simple crown formation
Crown formation for the Beauty of Sverdlovsk is a key point. In the first year, you need to remove the central stem by a third, and place the skeletal branches far apart from each other in tiers. They should be 7-12 centimeters shorter than the conductor. Forming a slate tree will require a more serious approach; here you will need to completely remove the main trunk up to the second tier, and bend the branches to the ground.
Every autumn you need to inspect the trees and make sanitary and thinning pruning. Remove all dry, diseased and damaged branches. It is also recommended to constantly pinch summer shoots and regulate the number of ovaries by cutting off the excess ones.
Fruiting and productivity
Regular full fruiting can be expected 6 - 7 years after budding. With proper care, productivity reaches 200 centners per hectare.
The fruits are smooth, round-conical in shape, large, weight ranges from 160 to 250 g. The pulp is delicate cream color, juicy, dense, fine-grained structure, chipping type. The taste is excellent. Apples are resistant to falling until ripeness.
Experts and amateur gardeners consider the Sverdlovsk Kras apple tree one of the best in the world. Harmonious sweet and sour taste, aroma, high shelf life and transportability, beautiful color and shape of the fruit make this variety profitable for commercial cultivation.
Features of planting and care
As a rule, traditional agrotechnical methods are used , but you also need to know individual characteristics.
Landing
Deadlines
Seedlings are planted in early spring before the buds swell, or in the fall a few weeks before frost.
Technology
For the Beauty of Sverdlovsk, choose areas protected from cold winds and drafts, preferably on hills.
The soils are fertile, moist, loamy.
A spacious pit is prepared in advance: in the fall for spring planting and a month before pre-winter planting.
Humus, rotted compost and manure, wood ash and complex mineral fertilizers are added, and soil is sprinkled on top.
The seedling is placed in a hole on a mound made from fertilizers, and a tall stake is installed nearby - the future support of the apple tree.
Straighten the roots and carefully sprinkle with soil, compact the soil, form a tree trunk circle and frame it with a roller.
Then the seedling is attached to the support and watered generously, using at least 20 - 30 liters of water.
Distance
When planting trees on a vigorous rootstock, leave a distance of 5–6 meters between them.
Scheme on different rootstocks
Apple trees on dwarf and semi-dwarf rootstocks are planted 2-3 meters apart and 4 meters between rows.
Some professional gardeners believe that 1 meter can be left between low-growing trees in a row.
Growing
IMPORTANT ! It should be remembered that the variety does not tolerate severe frosts. Choose a shape that is suitable for the region, for example, a slate one.
You also need to remember:
- Insulating the trunk and skeletal branches will help the apple tree to overwinter;
- Apple trees need regular watering, especially during hot periods;
- To obtain a rich harvest of large fruits, regular competent pruning, pinching of summer shoots and thinning of the ovaries are required;
- Picking maturity occurs in September - October, at which time the apples are light cream with a green tint and ripen during storage.
How to protect an apple tree from frost in Siberia?
The beauty of Sverdlovsk.
In Western Siberia and Altai, Krasa Sverdlovsk is grown as an eelgrass crop .
To do this, the central conductor of a young tree is shortened to 40 cm, the skeletal branches are pressed to the ground and secured with wooden pins.
For the winter, they are covered with spruce branches and additionally sprinkled with snow.
Agricultural technology
Agrotechnical practices include watering, fertilizing, pruning, loosening, protection from diseases and pests.
The beauty of Sverdlovsk needs to be watered abundantly at least four times per season .
The apple tree is responsive to fertilizing, including foliar feeding. Adapts to growing in an urban environment.
under branches weighed down with ripening fruits.
In cold regions and in lowlands, stanzas form.
Pruning and crown formation
Spring formative and sanitary pruning is carried out, it is carried out before the movement of juices begins , before the buds swell.
Trim:
- The branches are old, diseased, damaged, broken;
- Crowns growing inward, thickening it, parallel to the trunk.
In addition, one-year-old shoots and lateral shoots need to be cut off by 1/3 of the Kras Sverdlovsk apple trees.
Form a sparse rounded crown.
Important! The harvest will be higher and the fruit will be larger if you annually shorten annual shoots and pinch them in the summer.
Pollinator varieties
To obtain a harvest, you need to place apple trees of other varieties . Any of them that blooms at the same time will become a good pollinator.
Harvest dates and storage conditions
Harvest time is September. Krasa Sverdlovsk is a winter variety; apples are stored from October to May without losing their marketable qualities and nutritional value.
Unripe greenish-yellow fruits are stored for storage, still hard and sour, when starch is felt in the taste. During storage, the fruits ripen: the fiber softens, the sugar content increases, the apples acquire a creamy color and a bright crimson-red blush, and a delicate aroma appears.
Optimal storage temperature is from 0 to + 4 °C. Temperature fluctuations from +2 to +6 °C are permissible. Air humidity in storage facilities is maintained at 75 - 80%.
Forms and growing options
For growing in different regions, you can choose a tree with the necessary characteristics that contribute to the plant’s good adaptation to local conditions.
Dwarf
Breeders have grown a dwarf species of the Krasa Sverdlovsk variety.
Gardeners highlight the following qualities of apple trees grown on dwarf rootstocks:
- Fruiting begins 2-3 years after planting, while productivity increases and ripening accelerates;
- apple trees are small; more trees fit in a small area;
- caring for such a plant is much easier;
- the crown receives more light, which improves the quality of the fruit;
- The roots are located in the upper layers of the soil and respond more quickly to watering and fertilizing.
Dwarf apple tree.
At the same time, the root system needs protection from frost.
Stambovaya
The Krasa Sverdlovsk variety is characterized by the formation of a standard tree.
The main condition for growing such a tree is to insulate the trunk and the base of the skeletal branches in preparation for winter.
Standard type apple tree.
creeping
In the cold northern regions, the Beauty of Sverdlovsk is grown in the stanza culture. It is convenient to additionally cover such a plant with spruce branches for the winter.
Creeping apple tree.
Features of apple tree agricultural technology
Krasa Sverdlovsk is a variety of medium winter hardiness. Therefore, you need to choose an elevated place for planting, but protected from the winds.
Care is determined primarily by the region of cultivation. For example, in the Ural gardens it is necessary to tie the trunk and the base of the first order branches to prevent freezing. In the regions of Siberia, Perm and Sverdlovsk regions, it is important to correctly form the crown. It should be of the stale type so that the plant is completely covered with a layer of snow in winter.
Important! When cultivating this crop, you need to know that the buds on the growths do not awaken well. Therefore, already on the youngest seedlings for several years, last year’s growths need to be severely pruned in the spring. In summer, it is useful to pinch new side branches above 3-5 leaves. This allows you to create a compact and very productive crown within several years.
Region of natural growth
apple variety has actively spread in the Southern Urals, Upper Volga region and Middle Urals.
It is promising for planting and distribution in the central regions .
Also, according to the forecasts of experienced gardeners, it will take root well in the stanza culture in the Altai Territory and Western Siberia.
Find out about the varieties suitable for planting in the indicated regions: Pepin Saffron, Gift to Gardeners, Silver Hoof, Sokolovskoye, Uralets, Phoenix Altai, Daughter of Pepinchik, Lyubava.
Caring for a young apple tree
It is not possible to grow an apple tree quickly. This process is quite long-term and labor-intensive. Regardless of the time of planting the apple tree, you need to start caring for it in the first spring. Proper planting and care in the first year of life is the key to a strong fruit-bearing tree. After planting, you should shorten the tree trunk by three buds. Side shoots will grow faster. Skeletal branches should be shorter than the central shoot. Every week for two months the seedling needs to be watered with a bucket of water. Then watering is reduced to once every two to three weeks. But the amount of water is increased to three buckets. The tree should be mulched with a good layer of organic matter (litter, manure, straw, compost).
Characteristics and description of the variety
Before purchasing an apple tree seedling, it is important to study all the characteristics
Tree size and annual growth
The tree is medium-sized, height from 4 to 5 m. The crown is spreading, growing up to 2.5 m wide. The size of the tree may vary depending on the region of growth. The annual growth is 10-14 cm.
Lifespan
The tree's lifespan is about 30 years in favorable conditions. On a dwarf rootstock, the lifespan is about 20 years. With age, the yield of an apple tree usually decreases.
All about fruiting
It is also important to know all the information about the fruiting of the tree
Flowering and pollinators
The apple tree blooms in May. The flowers are white and pink. The timing of inflorescence blooming may vary depending on the region of growth. In the south, the apple tree blooms earlier.
The Krasa Sverdlovsk variety is self-sterile. To get a harvest in the garden, you need to plant several apple trees of other varieties, the timing of which should coincide with the flowering of the Beauty of Sverdlovsk.
Ripening time and yield
The tree begins to bear fruit 5-6 years after planting. Apples ripen closer to September. After harvesting, you need to let them sit for several days so that they ripen. The fruits freshly picked from the tree are hard and not very juicy. Full consumer maturity occurs in January.
Tasting qualities of apples
The apples are medium in size, weighing up to 250 g, and have a regular round shape. Some fruits have a conical top. The skin is smooth, without an oily coating, covered with a thin waxy layer. The color of the fruit is pink-red. The pulp is green after collection. Then it becomes creamy.
Apples are tasty, but reach full maturity closer to winter. The tasting score is 4.4 points out of 5.
Fruit collection and use
The harvest is harvested in the fall, closer to October. Freshly picked fruits are suitable for baking, compotes and jam. To be consumed fresh, they must sit for several months to reach full maturity.
Susceptibility to diseases and pests
The Sverdlovskaya Krasa apple tree variety is distinguished by good immunity to diseases of fruit crops. But if you don't take care of the tree, diseases can appear.
Description and characteristics of the Medok columnar apple tree, planting and care
Read
Apple cancer
It is almost impossible to cure a tree, only in the early stages. Affected branches must be removed and cut areas treated. Then they are lubricated with garden varnish. To prevent apple cancer from appearing, you need to carry out preventive procedures. This includes pruning, digging up the soil, and spraying trees in early spring.
Scab
In spring and autumn, the tree is treated with a urea solution. In early spring, before flowering and after the ovaries appear, the apple tree is sprayed with copper oxychloride. If necessary, you can additionally spray with Bordeaux mixture.
But not only chemicals can be used. Mineral fertilizers are added to the soil and the trees are sprayed with them. For example, you can use ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate. They can be used for preventive purposes, only in very low concentrations.
Powdery mildew
Spraying with colloidal sulfur helps against powdery mildew. The first time is treated when foliage appears, then 1-2 more times with intervals of 2 weeks. For spraying, you can use Bordeaux mixture. The drug "Topaz" also helps. Treatment is carried out at intervals of 7-14 days.
Moth, golden silkworm
To get rid of moths, you can manually collect nests with eggs. Spraying with Lepidocide also helps. 20 g of chemical are diluted in 10 liters of water and the trees are treated. “Bitoxibacillin” is also effective. You need to dilute 75 g of the chemical in 10 liters, then begin processing.
Spraying with the chemicals “Entobacterin”, “Lepidocide” or “Bitoxibacillin” helps against golden silkworms. Repeated treatment is carried out after 7 days. During the flowering period, you can manually destroy cocoons with caterpillars.
Apple sawfly
Ovaries damaged by larvae can be collected manually and destroyed. The crown is sprayed with pyrethroids or organophosphorus compounds. Treatments are carried out a week before flowering and after it ends.
The tree tolerates short-term droughts well. Frost resistance is average. When grown in northern regions without shelter, the apple tree may freeze.
Summer varieties selected by the Sverdlovsk Horticulture Breeding Station.
Falcon is clear. Seedling of the famous Mantet variety. Size 90-110g, winter-hardy, medium-dense flesh, tender, very aromatic, and at the same time very juicy. Consumption period is 2-3 weeks. The taste is dessert.
Silver hoof. Size 70-80 grams. Good taste and chipping flesh, rarely affected by scab, and its peculiarity is that it begins to bear fruit very early. Sometimes they fill up if you don't remove them. They are stored for 2-3 weeks.
Dachnoe. Large, up to 150g, ripen quite quickly, very winter-hardy,
Aks
ena. Very abundant fruiting, size more than 100g, immune to scab, brightly colored fruits, can be stored for up to 3 weeks, the flesh is dense, but not crunchy. Stepanovskoe. Size more than 120 g, immune to scab, the pulp is chipped at the beginning of consumption, then softens. Highly winter-hardy.
Bugler. Very winter-hardy variety, size up to 90 g, analogue of the Uralets variety, dense pulp, moderately resistant to scab, taste changes from sour to sweet during consumption
Dreamer. The pulp is split, medium size, obtained from the Dream variety (hence the name), lasts until the New Year. The taste is sweet and sour. But weakly saturated.
Ural pink. Size up to 140 g, scab-resistant, winter-hardy, slightly sour taste, medium firm flesh.
Rosette. One of D. Telezhinsky’s favorite varieties, the parents are the Silver Hoof variety, the flesh is chipping, crispy, the taste is very good, rich, lasts for about a month
Papyroamber. Medium size, moderately resistant to scab, good taste, medium firm pulp, pourable in some years
Landing technology
Optimal timing
It is better to purchase seedlings immediately before planting and plant them in early spring, having prepared the hole in the fall. When planning autumn planting, it is better to do this shortly before the onset of frost, optimally a month before planting.
Selecting a location
It is better to choose a bright place, not blown by wind or drafts. Soil requirements: moisture capacity, fertility, neutral acidity, loam is quite suitable. Don’t forget that there must be pollinating varieties in the neighborhood.
Landing technology
When purchasing seedlings, you should pay attention to their appearance: the bark and roots should be strong and healthy, without growths, rot or other damage. The leaves on the seedling must be immediately torn off if planting is carried out in the fall.
First, briefly immerse the roots in water at room temperature and inspect the condition of the seedling: cut off damaged and dry roots to a healthy place.
The hole should have a diameter of at least 50 cm, and the depth will depend on the length of the roots of the seedling, usually 50-60 cm.
During digging, the upper part of the soil, rich in humus, is separated, and the lower, less fertile part is removed to the side. Add to the top layer:
- superphosphate - approximately 250-300 g;
- potassium chloride – 50 g;
- wood ash – 0.5 kg;
- humus – 15 kg or more.
The seedling is placed on a mound of soil mixture, the roots must be carefully straightened, then sprinkled with earth. As the soil is added, the seedling is shaken and the soil is added in layers. The root collar should remain 5-6 cm above the ground surface. A peg should be installed nearby, to which the tree must be carefully tied and watered well with 2-3 buckets of water.
The earth is trampled down around the trunk and surrounded with a roller, for the construction of which the lower layer of soil can be used.
To prevent a decrease or increase in temperature, you should fill the tree trunk circle with any material suitable for mulching: dry leaves, sawdust, straw.
Planting scheme on different rootstocks
The distance between trees on a vigorous rootstock should be 5-6 m, on dwarf and semi-dwarf ones - it is enough to maintain a distance between plants of 2-3 m, and between rows - up to 4 m.
Watering
The amount of watering depends on the weather
If the tree trunk circle is not mulched, it is necessary to regularly monitor soil moisture. The rate of watering depends on the size and age of the tree:
- one year - at least 2 buckets twice a week (in extreme heat, increase the amount);
- two years - water less often, since the roots are able to extract moisture from the soil themselves; when hot weather sets in, water with 2-3 buckets;
- from three years - watering is necessary only in dry, hot weather and during fruit ripening.
Winter varieties
Which apple tree should I plant so that the harvest can be stored until February-March? Of course, late varieties. Fruits that ripen in mid/late autumn have a denser texture, which means they do not rot for several months. And with proper storage, shelf life is up to six months or more.
Let's consider suitable species for the northern Ural climate.
Ural souvenir
The variety was bred by specialists from the Sverdlovsk Experimental Horticulture Station.
Recommended for cultivation in the Middle and Southern Urals, in the Volga-Vyatka region and Kurgan region.
The apple tree is late, frost-resistant, early-fruiting, vigorous. Flower buds are pink, petals are white. Often suffers from scab.
Light yellow fruits with a bright blush reach 75-100 g. The pulp is yellow with redness at the skin, sweet and sour, pleasant taste, juicy.
The shelf life is up to 120 days without special conditions; in a cold place (refrigerator, icebox, fruit storage) it increases significantly. Productivity is high and regular.
Pervouralskaya
A descendant of the popular Persian variety. Many consider it the best in the region in terms of a combination of qualities: the presentation of fruits, their taste and aroma, yield and winter hardiness. Bred in the Sverdlovsk region.
The fruits are late ripening, large (150 g), with a red blush. The taste is sweet and sour, with a pronounced fruity aroma. They are stored until February, and in storage until the end of summer.
The trees are medium-sized (3-4 m), with smooth dark green ovate leaves. The flowers are large, pink and white, bloom in May. Fruiting occurs in 4-5 years when using dwarf rootstocks.
Productivity is high and increases as the apple tree matures. Has a strong immune system. In the dry season it requires watering and is responsive to fertilizing.
Ural giant
A new tall variety, bred by Sverdlovsk scientists. Winter apples stand out from the rest because they are large in size, on average 200 g; there are specimens up to 300 g.
The peel is juicy green with a slight blush, turning yellow when stored after removal. The taste is typical sweet and sour, harmonious. Stored without special treatment until March. Productivity, as well as winter hardiness, are high.
Reviews
Gardeners who were lucky enough to get acquainted with the creation of Ural experts give an unambiguous high assessment to the Beauty of Sverdlovsk.
Harvesting winter apples Krasa Sverdlovsk.
Here's what they share:
Svetlana: Krasa is a wonderful variety! We bought it after studying the description and photos and did not regret it. Excellent taste, large apples, the blush is not raspberry or cherry, but a rare blood red, very beautiful. In Samara we collect it in early September and store it until spring !
Stepan: Very tasty, strong apples! The apple tree winters well, the harvest is always good. In the spring we take them out of the basement, they are so beautiful, healthy, without stains or rot. The tree is no longer young, almost 20 years old, but every year we have apples!
Apple tree Sverdlovsk beauty: description of the variety
It grows in the Middle and Southern Urals, in the Upper Volga region and central regions of Russia. Abundant fruiting was also noted in Altai and Western Siberia. In these places, the slate form of apples is grown. Regular and abundant fruiting occurs 6-7 years after planting the seedling. If you follow all the rules of agricultural technology and favorable climatic conditions, you can harvest up to 200 centners of excellent apples from 1 hectare.
Krasa Sverdlovsk (Beauty of the Urals) is a well-known and sought-after apple tree. The fruits are characterized by a round-conical shape, the weight of one apple can vary from 150 to 300 g. The apple variety was bred by domestic breeding scientists and is intended for cultivation in the Central region of Russia. The slate form allows the plant to be planted and grown in Siberia.
Apple tree Krasa Sverdlovsk
Important! According to the description, the Krasa Sverdlovsk apple tree is self-sterile. There must be other apple varieties growing nearby for cross-pollination.
The fruit tree is medium-sized, the shape of the crown is round. The main branches are uneven, the bark is brown. The branches are located at an angle of almost 90 degrees relative to the stem part. The fruits are formed on ringlets and twigs. The shoots of the crop are brown and quite thick. They are characterized by barely discernible edges, angularity and pubescence. The leaves are heart-shaped, dark green in color, and have a wrinkled glossy surface.
With the onset of spring, the tree awakens, flowers of white and pink shades of quite large sizes begin to form, they exude a pleasant aroma. The buds of this type of plant have a distinctive feature - they are painted in burgundy tones.
The predominant feature of the variety is the excellent taste and presentation of fully ripened fruits. Thanks to their fairly dense peel, ripe apples can be stored for a long time without losing their taste and beneficial properties. The crop can be transported over long distances.
The Krasa Sverdlovsk apple tree holds perfectly on the branches even when ripe, and will wait until the moment of harvesting. The variety has average resistance to diseases and insect pests. The frost resistance of the fruit variety is insufficient.
The highest concentration of nutrients is in fresh fruits
Chemical composition of fruits:
- The concentration of dry insoluble substances in fruits does not exceed 20%.
- The amount of sugars is no more than 15%.
- The concentration of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) varies from 18 to 30 mg.
In addition, the crop contains catechins, their amount is 301-406 mg.
Note! The fruits of this variety are indicated for use by people with diagnosed hypertension and vitamin deficiency. The highest concentration of nutrients is in fresh fruits, but they can also be dried, frozen and processed for winter preparations
Advantages and disadvantages
Fruits are universal in use
The indisputable advantages include the excellent quality of apples: during long-term storage, shelf life is above average, one-dimensionality of the fruit, non-shattering until harvesting, dessert taste and universal use.
The disadvantages noted in the characteristics include relatively average winter hardiness. On young trees, a significant part of the fruits are formed at the ends of long fruit branches, which complicates care: it is necessary to shorten the fruit twigs by spring pruning or summer pinching.
Diseases and pests
The Krasa Sverdlovsk apple tree is susceptible to three main diseases of these fruit trees: scab, powdery mildew and apple canker. Let's consider methods of treating apple trees for these diseases.
Scab Scab is a fungal disease that develops when there is an excess of moisture and overwinters on leaves that are not harvested in the fall. It appears as green-brown spots on the inside of the leaf, and on the fruits as a few brown spots. When scabbed, the fruits are unfit for consumption.
Treatment: The tree must be treated in spring and autumn with a five percent urea solution. One tree will require approximately 5 liters. The early vein is treated with copper oxychloride before flowering and after fruit set. And treatment with Bordeaux mixture and copper sulfate is also acceptable.
Powdery mildew affects all parts of the tree and appears as a white coating resembling dust. When affected, the leaves dry out and fall off. If left untreated, blackheads begin to appear.
Treatment: Spray the tree with colloidal sulfur (80 g per 10 liters of water) in spring.
Apple cancer
One of the most serious diseases that occurs due to circumstances beyond the control of the tree owners: excessive temperature changes are to blame. Cancer appears as either ulcers or black and brown growths. In the affected areas, the bark peels off and falls off.
Treatment: With proper tree care it is easy to avoid serious consequences. First, it is necessary to remove all branches that have been affected by the disease, and the affected bark is also cut off. In this case, it is necessary to capture the healthy part of the centimeter by 2-3. The tree is treated with an antiseptic, the wounds with a garden decoction.
If you decide to plant an apple tree of the Krasa Sverdlovsk variety in your garden, you can rest assured that it will not bring you any trouble.
Despite the fact that the apple tree needs a pollinator tree to set fruit, it can easily be pollinated by most varieties.
Krasa Sverdlovsk is quite resistant to scab, but is not always frost-resistant, so the tree will have to be insulated annually. But the amount of harvest will justify all your efforts.
Watch a video about how and what to fertilize fruit trees correctly?
Autumn varieties
Apples that ripen in late August and September are called the “golden mean.” They have better taste characteristics than winter ones, and they are stored for quite a long time, unlike summer ones.
Their plantings occupy a significant share of both farms and private farmsteads. The following varieties are popular among Ural gardeners.
Bashkir handsome man
Popularly better known by the description Bashkir beauty. The universal variety was developed by the Bashkir Research Institute of Agriculture back in the 1920s, but is still popular. Almost a quarter of the entire area of gardens in Bashkiria is devoted to apple trees.
Bashkir beauty is popular among gardeners
Due to good winter hardiness, it is distributed throughout the Middle and Southern Urals, in the Volga-Vyatka region, Northwestern Territory, and Trans-Urals. Recovers quickly after a harsh winter and is durable.
The tree is medium-sized. The flowers are fragrant, large, with pink petals. The fruits are small (90-130 g), neatly round in shape with a blush. Taste qualities are quite high - 4.4 points. They can be stored for up to 130 days without special processing.
Anises are a large family of varieties, no less popular than Antonovka. Appearing in the Volga region, they gradually occupied territories east and north of the Volga, up to the Ob and Irtysh. Moreover, each of them has its own characteristics.
Among all, it is worth highlighting Anis Sverdlovsky. To improve the taste of the fruit, an old Russian autumn variety was crossed with Melba, famous for its excellent apples. The result was excellent - apple trees are increasingly being used to plant new orchards throughout the region.
The yellow-red fruits are small, but even, neat, slightly ribbed. High consumer and commercial qualities. But the main value lies inside. The taste of the white-cream pulp is rated as very good. It is juicy, tender, fine-grained, aromatic. The fruits are stored until December. The apple tree is winter-hardy, productive (bears fruit in the 4th year), but is afraid of scab in the wet season.
