Features of care and cultivation of Orlovskaya amber cherry variety

Characteristics

The amber variety tolerates heavy rains and drought well, and the fruits do not crack. Due to the original color of the berries, cherries are protected from bird attacks, which leads to the preservation of the fruits on the plant.

Drought resistance, winter hardiness

The variety is characterized by such important qualities as resistance to frost and prolonged lack of watering. Thanks to the frost resistance of the Amber cherry, the variety will not die and will bear fruit stably even after frosts down to -30 °C.

It is recommended to water Amber once a month. After the dry season, the plant must recover, so watering is increased to once a week. Both standing water and running water are suitable.

The video will tell you about other features of yellow-fruited cherries:

Pollination, flowering period and ripening time

The Yantarnaya variety cannot pollinate on its own. Along with it, other plants are planted that will perform this function.

The following varieties are suitable as pollinators for Amber cherries:

• Knight;
• And the way;
• Northern;
• Ovstuzhenka.

Cherry ovaries appear after pollination and form within a month. They come with a pointed end and are shaped like a heart.

The ripening of fruits on the plant occurs quite quickly; the berries of this variety are located in bouquets on “legs” and are easily separated.

Productivity, fruiting

According to the description of the Oryol Amber cherry in various sources, it does not begin to bear fruit immediately. The plant takes about 4 years to become strong. During the harvest period, the variety usually produces 35 t/ha per year. This is considered average for commercial use. In private gardens, this amount of fruit is more than enough.

To get a rich annual harvest from cherries, you need to follow the rules of care.

Area of ​​application of berries

Yantarnaya berries are mainly eaten unprocessed, enriching the body with vitamins and minerals. Cherries are good for maintaining health:

• serves as a prevention of various diseases;
• improves blood composition;
• normalizes digestion.

You can also cook compotes from cherry fruits, make preparations for the winter: preserves, jams, jellies, confitures - and add fresh or frozen berries to baked goods.

Thanks to its beneficial properties, cherries have also found application in cosmetology. Masks made from the juice and pulp of Amber berries slow down aging and improve skin quality.

Resistance to diseases and pests

Oryol amber cherry is resistant to rust and coccomycosis. However, some diseases can damage the crown and lead to complete death of the variety.

The plant may be affected by cylindrosporiosis infection. The disease is of fungal origin. Infection occurs through the wind. All above-ground parts of this cherry variety are affected. The disease manifests itself as spots on the leaves, in the place of which holes subsequently form.

The most common insect that interferes with the growth of Amber is the cherry fly.

To prevent it from laying its larvae, for preventive purposes, Amber cherries are sprayed twice according to a certain pattern:

1. When the air warms up to 18 ºC and the flies just appear.
2. in 10–15 days.

Description of juniper Mint Julep, planting and care

Other cherry pests:

• weevils;
• butterflies;
• aphid;
• sawflies.

They slow down growth and damage the bark and shoots.

Advantages and disadvantages

The plant has many benefits. The attractive characteristics of the Yantarnaya cherry variety include:

• frost resistance;
• regular fruiting;
• immunity to coccomycosis;
• resistance to fruit cracking;
• protection of the plant from sparrows and tits;
• exclusion of gray rot infection;
• ease of care;
• earlier maturation.

However, the Orlovskaya Yantarnaya cherry variety also has weaknesses.

Disadvantages of this type:

• requires pollination by neighboring plants;
• yield value is within the average;
• not suitable for areas with harsh winters.

History of selection

At the beginning of the 21st century, in 2001, scientist-breeders from Ukraine decided to develop a new variety that would bear fruit early. It was a hybrid of cherries, which was called “Oryol Amber”. Research work on breeding yellow cherry with large berries was carried out in Ukraine (National Botanical Garden named after Grishko of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev).

Did you know? He brought cherries to Europe in 680 BC. e. commander Lucullus. Previously, the berry was grown in the city of Giresun, located on the Asia Minor peninsula.

For crossing, we took already known varieties - Gaucher black and Drogana yellow. The goal of the scientific experiment and research is to obtain a hybrid of a new variety of cherry of a given variety (a high-yielding, winter-hardy fruit and berry crop). As a result of the experiment, gardeners were able to plant and obtain high yields of a new variety of yellow-fruited cherries.

Trimming

Cherries should be formed according to the sparse-tiered type. Maintain a gap of 0.5 m between the tiers and 3 skeletal branches in each tier. As soon as you have finished planting, shorten the conductor so that it becomes 5 buds longer than the side branches. Often, a shoot may grow at the base of the trunk at an acute angle, which is best removed.

As the second season begins, cut off the branches on the bottom row and leave the 3 strongest ones and cut them by a third. Cut the central shoot from the bottom row at a level of 1 m. When pruning in the spring, in the 3rd year, form a second tier of 3 shoots. At a height of 1 m from the second row, shorten the conductor.

Next season, leave 3 branches on the last tier.

Over the years, the cherries will bear fruit weaker, and the crown will grow stronger. Thread the crown and remove old branches, thereby rejuvenating the tree. In spring, 5-year-old branches should be replaced with young lateral shoots. As soon as the leaves fall, it is better to remove the dried branches.

Features of seasonal care

The Orlovskaya amber variety does not require special care, like all cherry varieties. If you adhere to all the rules of gestation agricultural technology, you can get the maximum yield. It should be remembered that the variety is self-sterile, i.e. pollinating trees must be planted nearby. Varieties such as Vityaz, Severnaya, etc. are suitable for this.

Did you know? Cherry berries have a laxative effect on the human body. However, if you drink tea made from the branches and leaves of this tree, you can quickly get rid of this symptom.

Soil care

Cherry has a negative attitude towards weeds, so the tree trunk circle should be made with a diameter of 90 cm or more. The soil must be weeded periodically and weed control carried out. In the third year of growth of a young tree, the trunk circle is expanded by another 30–50 cm, and the soil must be mulched.

Particular attention should be paid to watering the soil. Only 3 procedures per season will be enough. At the same time, they should be plentiful. During the growth period of young trees, honey plants can be planted between the rows. Mustard and phacelia will be excellent neighbors. Be sure to loosen the tree trunk circle and apply the necessary fertilizers before starting irrigation.

Top dressing

All fertilizers applied during planting will be enough for the young plant for the first time of growth. Feeding should begin in the 4th year of the plant’s life. In spring, it is necessary to apply 60–80 g of urea under each tree. Humus diluted with water in a ratio of 1:8 should be used as fertilizer.

Cherry care

They begin to care for Iput cherries in early spring. The content of this variety of cherries is no different from other fruit trees and includes:

• weeding;
• loosening the tree trunk area;
• watering;
• feeding;
• pruning;
• prevention of diseases and pest damage.

Watering

Watering is necessary when the soil under the mulch becomes dry. The soil under the tree should be constantly moist.

For cherries, it is better to use a method close to drip irrigation. To do this, you can drill holes in the hose. Place a wooden plug at the end of the hose. Lay the hose around the periphery of the tree in a “snail” fashion and connect it to a barrel of warm water.

Loosening the soil under the plant and weeding is carried out as necessary.

Feeding

Feeding cherries depends on the soil on the site and the amount of growth.

• If the growth of branches is more than 50 cm per year, fertilizers for the tree are not needed.
• If the tree exhibits small annual growth, nitrogen-containing preparations can be applied in the spring.

A mandatory procedure when growing cherries on acidic soils is the annual application of dolomite flour at the rate of 500 g per m².

To ripen wood, experts recommend fertilizing the leaves with potassium monophosphate from the beginning of August. Spray trees every 2 weeks 3-4 times per season.

In autumn, fruit trees can be fed with 40-60 g/m² of superphosphate. When the leaves of the plant turn yellow, spray with urea.

Crown formation

Cherry trees are pruned in spring or autumn. The procedure must be performed before the plant begins to flow sap. This can be recognized by swollen kidneys.

From a young age, cherry trees need to shorten annual branches. Before “Iput” begins to bear fruit, experts recommend annually shortening all shoots of the plant by 1/5.

The basis for pruning cherries is the principle of laying flat branches and shortening those tending steeply upward. An adult plant must be pruned so that the tree has a powerful lower tier with several powerful branches. The total number of skeletal branches should be 4-5. Skeletal branches are laid no lower than 70 cm from the root collar.

Remove:

• branches growing inside the crown (in young plants the first years can be shortened);
• intersecting, diseased parts;
• shoots tending upward, thickening the crown.

When pruning cherries, all shoots are reduced by 1/3 of the length to the outer bud.

Diseases and pests

The variety "Iput" is considered resistant to various fungal diseases of stone fruits. However, sometimes the tree is affected by the following diseases:

• coccomycosis;
• moniliosis;
• Clusterosporiasis (hole spotting).

Pests that feast on cherries:

• cherry fly;
• aphid;
• leaf roller;
• American butterfly.

To combat bird biting of cherries, you can use the following methods:

• ultrasonic repellers;
• place containers of water under the tree so that the birds quench their thirst without pecking at the fruit;
• you can hang old CDs on a tree to scare away birds;
• forming a small crown and covering the tree with a net.

To preserve the harvest, it is recommended to spray in the spring with the addition of appropriate insecticides and fungicides:

• against pests it is worth treating with the preparations “Zalp”, “Kemifos”;
• against fungi - “Horus”, “Topaz”, copper oxychloride.

Harvesting and preparing for winter

When fully ripe, cherries acquire a dark burgundy color. Each fruit weighs an average of 5 g. Inside, the fruits are juicy and sweet. The taste is good. The bone is difficult to separate from the pulp. Suitable for fresh consumption or making preserves and jams. Ripe fruits do not tolerate long-distance transportation or long-term storage.

To protect against frost in the fall, it is recommended to whiten the trunk and skeletal branches of the tree.

Preparatory work before planting

To root the growth of young seedlings, it is necessary to carry out preliminary work, which consists of choosing a place to plant the plant in the soil and preparing the material itself.

Did you know? The calorie content of 100 g of cherries is 52 kcal. But after you cook it, this figure will increase to 87 kcal.

Preparation and selection of location

Cherries love sunny places and fertile soils. There is no need to place young plants in windy areas of the garden and clay soils. But if you still have to plant a plant in clay soil, then it is recommended to add sand to it, and a small amount of humus to the planting hole.

The pit should be filled 1/3 with a mixture prepared from 2 buckets of earth, 2 kg of ammonium sulfate, 3 kg of superphosphate, 1 kg of potassium fertilizers, 35 kg of undiluted manure or humus.

Seedling preparation

When purchasing a seedling from a nursery, you must take into account that its length should not exceed 1 m. If the roots are dry, it is recommended to place it in a container with water before planting.

Familiarize yourself with the rules for planting cherry seedlings in the spring.

After inspecting the root system, you should make sure that all dry roots and damage have been eliminated. Next, the seedling is dipped into a solution of clay and water for several days, after which it is taken out and allowed to dry. Next, straightening the roots of the plant, you need to place it in the planting hole, then sprinkle it with soil and compact it.

Description of the variety

In order for a fruit crop to bear fruit abundantly, you need to know the basic parameters and characteristics.

Height of an adult tree and branching of the crown

Amber cherry belongs to the category of medium-sized plantings, its height does not exceed 3-4 meters. The crown is quite spreading, drooping, with medium foliage. The shape of the cherry is Amber, wide-pyramidal, the length of the main shoots is medium, there is no pubescence, the color is yellow. The color of the bark of the main conductor and side branches is gray, the surface is smooth.

The leaf apparatus of the Amber cherry is distinguished by a light emerald hue, the plates have an oval shape. The petioles are short, their length is up to 5 centimeters. The formation of ovaries occurs mainly on bouquet branches. White flowers are formed of medium size, the number of petals is five.

Upon reaching consumer maturity, the color of the fruit becomes amber, sometimes with a pink tint. Their shape is similar to a heart with a pointed upper part, the average weight is 5-6 grams. Yantarnaya cherries begin to bear fruit 4 years after planting in a permanent place. Not only the skin, but also the pulp has an amber tint, it is sweet with a pronounced aroma, the sourness is not noticeable.

The sugar content of Yantarnaya cherries is almost 10%, and the acidity is 0.5%.

All about pollination, flowering and yield

Since the Yantarnaya cherry belongs to self-fertile plants, to increase performance indicators it is recommended to plant pollinating varieties such as Vityaz, Ovstuzhenka, Severnaya, and Iput nearby. The flowering phase of this variety occurs in the second half of May, and the fruit ripening phase occurs in late June and early July. Under favorable growing conditions, the yield of Yantarnaya cherries is, on average, 35-37 kilograms per planting.

Transportability and use of berries

The fruits of the Amber cherry, when consumed regularly, are a good preventive measure for various ailments, and also help normalize digestion and improve blood composition. Their juice is clear, the pulp is tender and tasty. The harvest is actively used for preparing winter preparations and culinary masterpieces. Amber cherries are not suitable for transportation over long distances.

How to propagate the variety

To get a new plant, gardeners use one of the following methods:

1. Grafting method. In this case, cuttings with two buds are used, which are harvested in the fall, and a rootstock - shoots, seedlings. Copulation should be done 1-2 weeks before sap flow, making oblique cuts up to 5 centimeters on both the rootstock and cuttings. In addition, you need to make an additional cut (up to 1 centimeter). After joining the two components, the junction is wrapped with tape or adhesive tape.
2. Cuttings. The length of the Yantarnaya cherry blanks should be 30 centimeters; their cut parts are kept in a solution of a growth stimulator for 12 hours, and then placed in greenhouse conditions, buried 3 centimeters. The distance between the cuttings should be 5 centimeters; a soil mixture is used from equal parts of peat and sand. Caring for them consists of regularly moistening the soil and maintaining the temperature within 25-30 degrees. The formation of roots in the Amber cherry will occur after 3 weeks.
3. Seed method. It is more labor-intensive, but quite possible.

Harvest and storage

Yantarnaya cherries are harvested in mid-July, when all the berries are ripe. The fruits are removed from the branches along with the petioles, which allows the shelf life of the berries to be extended.

The harvested crop is carefully laid out on a flat surface and sorted. Crumpled and damaged berries are sent for processing, whole fruits are placed in containers or containers and sent for storage in the refrigerator.

The shelf life of fresh berries is up to 5 days.

To extend the berry season, cherries are frozen, dried or canned.

The best early varieties of cherries

Advantages and disadvantages

Among the positive qualities of Amber cherries, the following are noted:

• high level of frost resistance;
• resistance to monilial burn;
• excellent consumer and product qualities;
• early ripeness of fruits;
• no tendency to crack;
• highly productive.

But, despite the whole list of advantages, Amber cherries also have their disadvantages, including:

• the need for additional pollination;
• high probability of fruit buds freezing.

Amber cherry is especially famous among gardening enthusiasts; it is also valued for its decorative properties..

Prevention and treatment of diseases

For clasterosporiasis, when the leaves are affected by spots that will eventually turn into holes, you need:

• plant healthy seedlings,
• thin out the crown
• remove damaged branches,
• before and after flowering, treat with 100 grams of 1% Bordeaux mixture diluted in 1 liter of water. After 2 weeks, the procedure should be repeated.

For gray rot, when the shoots are affected by gray growths and the fruits begin to rot, the following measures are needed:

• do the trimming
• monitor the nitrogen level, it may be exceeded,
• Sprinkle the soil and tree with 3% iron sulfate,
• After flowering, treat with 1% Bordeaux mixture.

To prevent gum disease, when a viscous mass appears on the branches or trunk, you must:

• reconsider the pruning process, you may have injured the tree,
• do not apply too much fertilizer,
• treat the wounds with a 1% solution of copper sulfate.

For powdery mildew, when a dirty coating forms on the leaves and bark, you should:

• water regularly,
• fertilize with products containing potassium and phosphorus,
• before flowering, treat with 2 ml of Topaz diluted in 10 liters of water,
• after flowering, treat with Hom 1%,
• in autumn, treat with 1% Bordeaux mixture.

Cherry processing Amber

Regular treatments of the Yantarnaya variety will help avoid the development of diseases and the spread of pests. Prevention begins in early spring before sap flow begins. Add 70 g of urea to 10 liters of water. The resulting solution is sprayed onto trees. It is important to avoid contact of the liquid with the kidneys, since urea causes a burn.

To protect the Yantarnaya variety from diseases, it is sprayed with a solution of the fungicide Karbofos, Antilin or Nitrafen. Treatments with Fitoverm, Iskra-bio, and Agravertin are effective against pests. To increase the resistance of the variety to unfavorable conditions, spraying with Zircon is practiced. In the autumn, after leaf fall, the cherry processing is repeated. It is important to irrigate if the trees have been exposed to diseases or pest attacks.

Varieties by pollination type

The shape of cherry fruits can be round, oval and heart-shaped. Ripe berries range in color from yellow to almost black. Wild varieties bear smaller fruits. In cultivated representatives, the yield unit is up to 20 mm in diameter.

Garden cherry varieties are classified into:

1. Self-fertile. A woody plant pollinates itself, without the help of pollen from neighboring crops of a similar variety or insects. This phenomenon is called self-fertility. In such varieties the inflorescence has a complex structure. The anther among the sepals is located in a straight line with the stigma. The pollination process covers at least 50% of the formed flowers and occurs before the buds open. Thus, even under unfavorable climatic conditions and the absence of bees, the tree produces fruits. Self-fertile cherry varieties are grown in single plantings or formed into orchards. Self-pollination is characterized by the formation of fewer drupes. For more active fruiting, agricultural technicians recommend planting suitable pollinators near the crop;
2. Partially self-fertile. Cherries with the ability to self-pollinate when grown in unfavorable conditions adapt to the climate and become partially self-fertile. The pollination process occurs in only 20% of formed inflorescences. Professional gardeners note higher yields of such varieties when planted next to a crop of natural pollinators of a similar variety;
3. Self-sterile. These include most fruit crops. Self-sterility means that trees will not form fruit unless the male substance from the stamens is transferred to the female pistils by wind, butterflies or bees.

It makes sense to plant self-sterile wild cherries near natural pollinators. With this scheme, you will get a rich harvest of juicy fruits.

Preparing Amber cherries for winter

Mature cherries are able to withstand winters without shelter. To help the tree survive the cold, winter watering is performed. 8-10 liters of water are poured into the tree trunk circle. Moisturizing will protect the root system from freezing.

Additionally, they spud the trunk. The tree trunk circle is mulched with humus 10 cm thick. To prevent the cherry tree conductor from being damaged by hares and mice, it is wrapped in mesh or roofing felt. Young plantings are covered with burlap or agrofibre. The top of the planting is covered with spruce branches. In winter, an additional snowdrift is placed on the cherry tree. There is an additional description of cherries in the video below.

Agricultural technology

When planting Amber cherries, it should be taken into account that for its pollination and fruit set, the planting of other varieties of this tree is required. The optimal varieties will be Vityaz, Gostinets, Iput, Ovstuzhenka and Severnaya.

When cultivating this species in the northern regions of the country, it is important to keep in mind that while the tree is highly frost-resistant, the flower buds do not tolerate frost well, which can affect the yield. The timing of planting cherries in open ground depends on the region: in the southern parts of the country it is planted in the fall, in the middle zone - in the spring. The timing of planting cherries in open ground depends on the region: in the southern parts of the country it is planted in the fall, in the middle zone - in the spring

The timing of planting cherries in open ground depends on the region: in the southern parts of the country it is planted in the fall, in the middle zone - in the spring.

The tree prefers fertile soil that is not prone to waterlogging. Light loamy soils that are highly permeable to oxygen are most suitable for it. A soil mixture of soil, ammonium sulfate, superphosphate, potassium fertilizers, wood ash and manure is added to the planting hole. If the soil is clayey, additional sand is added to it.

Landing

The planting process does not have any special features: the soil is dug up, a hole is dug, it is filled with a pre-prepared soil mixture, a seedling is placed in the hole and the root system is covered with soil. The root collar is not buried, but is left slightly above the soil surface. The trunk of the tree is tied to a peg, the circle around the trunk is watered and mulched.

Cherries grow best in windless, sunny areas or in partial shade. To prevent trees from shading each other, the distance between them should be from 3.5 to 5 m. Gardeners do not recommend planting seedlings in close proximity to water bodies.

The proximity of this crop to other fruit trees, for example, apple, apricot, and pear, should be avoided, since they have diseases in common with cherries. Experienced gardeners have noticed that the currant plantings located near Orlovskaya are dying.

Rules of care

Caring for Amber cherries is not very difficult. She needs:

• weeding and loosening;
• watering;
• pruning;
• fertilizing with mineral and organic fertilizers;
• prevention of diseases and pests;
• shelter for the winter in severe frosts.

For good growth, the root system of cherries requires access to oxygen, so it is important to destroy weeds in a timely manner and loosen the soil around the trunk

In a normal summer, cherries are watered 3 times; during prolonged dry weather, the frequency is increased. You can water the tree with either settled or running water.

Tree pruning is done in March, before sap flow begins. The main purpose of removing dry, weak and broken branches is to prevent thickening of the crown and a decrease in yield. To prevent the tree from becoming infected with fungal diseases, the cut areas must be treated with garden varnish.

If a soil mixture was added to the hole when planting, then fertilizing can be done no earlier than 4 years later, when the tree enters the fruiting phase. Mineral fertilizers are applied in mid-summer, and organic fertilizers are applied at the end.

The Amber cherry variety is relatively resistant to some diseases, but trees can be affected by white rust and cylindrosporiosis. The cherry fly is also a danger.

To prevent diseases and pests in early spring and during autumn leaf fall, trees are treated with a urea solution (700 g of urea is added to 10 liters of water).

Despite the fact that the variety is frost-resistant and can withstand temperatures down to -30 °C, it is recommended to cover the root circles with snow.

Thanks to such characteristics as frost resistance, immunity to common diseases and unpretentiousness, Orlovskaya Amber Cherry continues to gain popularity among gardeners, and the yellow or pink berries, unusual for this crop, and their sweet taste and aroma are liked by both children and adults.

If you follow simple rules for caring for this variety, cherries will delight you with a rich harvest for many years.

How to plant

To grow a healthy, fruit-bearing tree, you need to choose high-quality seedlings and correctly determine the place and timing of planting the fruit crop.

Recommended timing

Cherry seedlings are planted in accordance with climatic conditions. In the south, planting work is recommended to be carried out in the fall. In regions with a temperate climate, trees are planted in early spring, before the start of the growing season.

Selecting a location

Sweet cherries of the Yantarnaya variety are placed in well-lit, flat areas or small hills, protected from cold winds and drafts.

The height of groundwater should not exceed 2-2.5 m. Otherwise, the rhizome of the tree will quickly rot and the seedling will die.

The fruit crop is grown in fertile, loose soils with neutral acidity and humidity.

Heavy, clayey soil is mixed with river sand and humus or compost. Acid soil is limed.

Preparing the planting hole

Preparation of the planting pit begins 3-4 weeks before planting the seedlings.

1. The selected area is dug up deeply, cleared of weeds and loosened.
2. Humus, mineral and organic fertilizers are added to the soil.
3. Planting holes are dug in the prepared soil.
4. The depth and width of the hole is from 70 to 90 cm, the distance between plantings is from 1.5 to 2 m, between rows is 4-5 m.
5. A thick drainage layer of sand and small stone is laid at the bottom of the hole.
6. Fertile soil mixture is poured on top and watered.

Important! A support peg is placed in the center of the hole to support the seedling.

How to select and prepare planting material

Seedlings of varietal and hybrid cherries are purchased in nurseries or specialized stores

1. 2-3 year old plants take root and take root best.
2. The trunk of the seedling has no obvious damage, no fungal infections, smooth and monochromatic, with numerous branches.
3. Each branch must have buds or green leaves.
4. When examining the rhizome, pay special attention to moisture. The roots should not be overdried.
5. The roots are free of any damage, plaque, or signs of rot or fungus.

At the bottom of the tree there should be a mark from the grafting, by which you can determine whether the cherry belongs to the varietal varieties. The absence of grafting indicates that the plant is wild.

Requirements for neighbors

Sweet cherries of the Yantarnaya variety do not tolerate the proximity of other trees, with the exception of varieties of pollinating fruit crops, or cherries.

Berry bushes, flower beds, garden strawberries, rowan or hawthorn are planted next to the cherries.

It is not recommended to grow raspberries, gooseberries, or any plants from the nightshade family next to cherries.

Important! Only by observing correct crop rotation can you grow a healthy fruit crop that is resistant to diseases and pests.

Planting scheme

Before planting, seedlings are placed in a container with warm, settled water for 10-15 hours and treated with preventative agents to protect against the spread of fungus and viruses.

1. The plant is placed in the prepared planting hole.
2. The roots are evenly distributed over the hole and covered with fertile soil, leaving no voids between the roots and the soil.
3. The soil under the plant is compacted and watered abundantly.
4. The seedling is attached to a support peg and trimmed.

See also

Description and characteristics of cherry variety Valery Chkalov, planting and care

Read

After planting, the tree trunk circle is mulched with humus or dry grass.

Rules for choosing pollinator varieties

Cherries are called bird cherries. The woody plant forms bisexual inflorescences before the formation of leaves. The white flowers of the crop are collected in bunches. Each of them has five sepals and petals, one pistil and many stamens. After flowering, the tree forms a drupe with juicy, fleshy amniotic fluid.

Self-fertile and partially self-fertile garden cherries should be planted next to natural pollinators to improve fruiting. Choose the varieties of neighboring trees wisely to increase productivity.

The following species are suitable for cross pollination of self-sterile or partially self-fertile cherries:

• plum. The varieties “Vengerka” and “Skorospelka” received positive characteristics in terms of cross-pollinating process;
• cherries. Alternate non-pollinated varieties next to the varieties “Ovstuzhenka”, “Iput”, “Krymskaya”, “Tyutchevka”.

Most representatives of stone fruits are self-sterile. Plant at least two varieties of tree crops on the site.

Diseases and pests of Amber cherry

The Yantarnaya variety is resistant to the main cherry diseases - coccomycosis and monilial blight. These diseases are fungal in nature and develop in high humidity. Parasite spores enter the area along with low-quality seedlings and pests.

Dangerous crop pests include aphids, cherry flies and moths, pipeweeds, and moths. Insects feed on the juice of leaves or fruits and slow down the development of cherries, which leads to a decrease in yield. The insecticides Karbofos, Karate, Fury or folk remedies are used against them. To prevent the spread of diseases and pests on the site, the following agricultural practices are followed:

• remove and burn fallen leaves;
• in the fall they dig up the soil in the tree trunk circle;
• regularly weed the soil to remove weeds;
• they clean the bark of moss and lichen, and whitewash the trees.

Classification of frost-resistant cherries

Due to the climate in the local region, it is important to choose a variety that will bloom and bear fruit at a favorable time. Therefore, for Siberia, Leningrad, Moscow and southern regions, you always need to choose completely different types

Classification by maturity:

1. Early. By mid-June it is pleased with the fruits - Chermashnaya, Fatezh, Ovstuzhenka.
2. Average. Beginning of July – Teremoshka, Rechitsa.
3. Late. The harvest appears at the end of July or beginning of August - Bryanochka, Bryanskaya pink, Veda, Tyutchevka.

There are three main types of cherries based on the color of the berries. Red can be very dark or bright, with specks, glossy or matte (Teremoshka, Rechitsa). Yellow is considered a fresher cherry with high sweetness without sourness, sometimes there are pink impurities (Chermashnaya, Leningradskaya yellow, Zhurba). The third type is pink cherry (Bryanskaya, Zhemchug)

The height of crop trees in regions with harsh winters never exceeds 2.5-3 m. This is due to the peculiarities of the movement of cold air masses in winter and spring. Therefore, they are not classified into separate groups.

Bryansk pink

The absolute leader in consumer preferences. Although this variety has been known for only two decades, it has already become a favorite among gardeners. The tree grows slowly, but at the same time forms a strong and spreading crown. The fruits are small, neat, round, with a soft pink skin, on which a pattern in the form of a grid of specks is noticeable. The pulp is yellow, dense and juicy, with slight gristle. The juice is colorless and transparent. Sweet cherries are rarely affected by coccomycosis, moniliosis and clasterosporiosis; its main enemy is gray rot. The tree is resistant to frost and sunburn.

Selection of quality seedlings for planting

The quality of planting material has a significant impact on productivity. So, a well-developed seedling is selected, without signs of diseases or traces of their treatment. Roots and branches should be proportionally developed.

Important! A tree of the same variety cannot be used as a pollinator.

A good seedling has the following characteristics:

• age: 2–3 years;
• bark: elastic, smooth, brown;
• trunk: no damage, smooth;
• roots: 3 roots 0.2 m each, white and fibrous when cut;
• branches: with closed buds.

Remember that you need to purchase 2 trees: Iput cherry and a pollinator for it. Cherries are pollinated only by other trees of the same species

General information about culture

At the end of the last century, Ukrainian breeders set out to create a productive variety of cherries with large yellow fruits. To do this, they crossed the varieties Gaucher black and Drogana yellow. Work on developing a new variety was carried out at the Research Institute named after. Grishko. The date of creation of the variety is considered to be 2001. In Russia, breeders decided to improve this variety, zoning it for growth in different regions of our country. The result was a variety of Orlovskaya amber cherries, it was included in the State Register, and it was created at the Research Institute for the Breeding of Fruit Crops.

Revna

A medium-sized tree with a pyramidal crown, fast growing. Ripe fruits are dark red, almost black. The pulp is dense, rich ruby ​​color, very sweet and healthy. During the flowering period, the plant is not afraid of spring frosts down to –6°C. The berries are well stored and can withstand transportation over long distances without losing their marketable qualities. The variety is partially self-fertile and resistant to most fungal diseases.

Reviews from summer residents about Yantarnaya

Cherries are popular among gardening enthusiasts. She has proven herself exclusively on the positive side.

Anna, 56 years old, Saratov:

“Yantarnaya pleased me with its unusual and tasty fruits. Taking care of her is a pleasure. The frost resistance of the variety is quite sufficient for our climate.”

Andrey, 45 years old, Moscow:

“There are no disappointments with the variety, I am very glad that I purchased it and have already managed to enjoy the fruits. For cherries, the main thing is to choose a suitable place and care for them correctly.”