Currant Selechenskaya 2: reviews, photos, variety description, planting and care, cultivation and propagation, frost resistance, yield

Currant variety Selechenskaya 2: reviews on cultivation, planting and caring for the bush

Many gardeners grow different varieties of blackcurrants. The berries of this fruit bush contain a large amount of ascorbic acid, many other vitamins, minerals and a number of active substances.

Therefore, collecting large harvests of these berries is the dream of any summer resident. Currently, there are many varieties of this berry bush, bred not only by foreign, but also by Russian breeders. This article will talk about black currant Selechenskaya 2, bred by specialists from Russia.

The content of the article:

1. History of creation 2. Main characteristics 3. Productivity of the currant variety Selechenskaya No. 2 4. Diseases and pests 5. Advantages of the variety 6. Proper planting of seedlings 7. Further care of currant Selechenskaya 2 8. Feeding currant bushes 9. Pruning 10. Reviews currant Selechenskaya No. 2

Diseases and pests

Selechenskaya 2 was born precisely because of the insufficient resistance of Selechenskaya to anthracnose, powdery mildew and bud mite. It cannot be said that the second variety is absolutely resistant to them. But if Selechenskaya is treated at least 3-4 times a year, for Selechenskaya 2 1-2 procedures are enough.

To prevent anthracnose, currants are treated with cuprosan or phthalan. Spraying is carried out before buds open and 10–14 days after harvest. Selechenskaya is additionally treated 2 weeks after the 2nd procedure.
Columnar rust can be prevented by treatment with Bordeaux mixture or nitrafen during bud break. In addition, in order not to spread the disease, it is necessary to collect and burn the leaves.
A solution of copper sulfate, which is sprayed on the bush before flowering, protects against gray rot

The main enemy of black currants is the bud mite and the bud moth. There are very few varieties resistant to it. Selechenskaya 2 has average immunity, Selechenskaya does not have it at all, so it is imperative to protect the plant from the pest.

The best way, and, alas, quite dangerous, is to treat it with acaricides, like Nissoran, Apollo, Actellik. Spraying must be repeated at least 3 times with a break of 10 days. Organophosphate drugs have a stronger effect - danadim, dimethrin, Bi-58, but it is worth considering that they are very poisonous. Find out about treating apple trees with copper sulfate in this article.

For prevention, the shrub is treated with colloidal sulfur and copper sulfate. But if the currant is already sick, the procedure cannot be performed, since the plant bark becomes too sensitive and the sulfur burns it.

For spider mites , the second most important pest, it is recommended to spray currants with a solution of colloidal sulfur on the eve of flowering.
Gall aphids are treated with sumicidin or actellic. Spraying is carried out before the leaves appear.

History of the variety's creation

The first variety of this berry crop, Selechenskaya, was bred by Bryansk breeder A.I. Astakhov at the end of the last century and entered into the State Register in 1993.

Although Selechenskaya currant had undeniable advantages - early ripening of the crop, good taste of the fruit, this variety also had serious disadvantages:

increased demands on soil conditions;
low resistance to major diseases that usually affect this berry crop.

Therefore, Astakhov continued to work on improving the variety together with another breeder L.I. Zueva, which resulted in another new variety, which was given the name Selechenskaya 2. Under this name, in 2004, this currant was entered into the State Register.

Currant Selechenskaya 2 - photo

Both varieties are recommended for cultivation in most Russian regions, Belarus and Ukraine.

Currant Selechenskaya 2: main characteristics and description of the variety

This variety is distinguished by early ripening of fruits, but the harvest ripens gradually, so ripe berries must be collected from the second ten days of July to the first ten days of August.

Since being included in the State Register of Russia, this improved variety has become no less popular than Selechenskaya currant. The bushes are of medium height, quite compact, with a diameter of 1.5-1.6 m.

Shoots are erect, up to 1.8-2.0 m high, well leafy. The foliage is medium in size, three-lobed, dark emerald in color.

Photo of currant Selechenskaya 2

Small purple flowers are collected in racemose inflorescences, each of which can contain from 9 to 14 buds.

The fruits are round in shape, black in color, weighing about 5 g. The taste is pleasant, rich, with a characteristic smell of currants, no astringency.

100 g of berry products contains:

7.3% sugars;
160 mg ascorbic acid.

Currant Selechenskaya 2 – video

Tasting assessment of ripe Selechenskaya currant berries – 4.8 points

, their separation from the stalks is dry. Ripe fruits are not prone to shedding; they can hang on the bushes for a long time after ripening. The collected berries can be consumed fresh, made into jam, closed into compotes, or frozen for the winter. Also, many housewives grind ripe berries with sugar and store them in the refrigerator - ascorbic acid is better preserved in such preparations.

The harvested crop can withstand transportation well over long distances, without losing its taste and presentation.

On a note!

The Selechenskaya variety is highly resistant to frost, but approximately half of the blooming flowers may freeze during the period of return spring frosts.

The bushes are distinguished by their unpretentiousness to the composition and fertility of the soil; they can grow and bear fruit in partial shade or next to tall fruit trees

Productivity of currant variety Selechenskaya No. 2

The first harvest from Selechenskaya currant bushes is harvested in the second or third season after planting.

If the seedlings are planted in the fall, and flowers appear on them in the spring, it is better to remove them - in the first season, the bushes should only actively increase the vegetative mass. Their roots should also grow and develop.

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The fruiting of the variety is extended over time, the berries on the bushes ripen gradually, in general, from 2.5 to 4.5 kg of ripe fruits are collected from one Selechenskaya 2 currant bush.

Reproduction methods

Propagation of Selechenskaya currant is carried out by offshoots or woody and green cuttings. In the first case, they dig a hole near the bush, tilt the shoot towards it and cover it with earth, strengthening it with a spacer. With regular moistening, the branches will quickly take root and can be replanted. In the second case, cuttings 20 cm long and 10 mm in diameter are cut from the bush, treated with paraffin, wrapped in damp paper and put in the refrigerator. In spring they are planted in the ground. You can also keep the cuttings in a growth stimulator, plant them in containers with fertile soil, cover them with film and wait for them to take root.

Advantages of the variety

The main advantages of the Selechenskaya 2 currant variety include:

large fruit size;
the Selechenskaya 2 variety has a fairly high yield;
undemanding to growing conditions and further care;
high resistance of bushes to fungal diseases;
good taste of ripe fruits;
the harvested crop tolerates transportation well;
berries are distinguished by their versatility of use.

Advantages and disadvantages

The variety is very popular both in Russia and abroad. It is characterized by a stable high yield and excellent taste.

The fruits are used fresh; they are suitable for cooking and canning.

pros

high productivity;
large berries;
heat resistance;
frost resistance;
pleasant taste;
rich chemical composition.

Minuses

high requirements for soil and fertilizers;
susceptibility to anthracnose and powdery mildew;
low resistance to return frosts.

Currant Selechenskaya 2: proper planting of seedlings

You should start by choosing seedlings of this currant variety:

For planting, purchase only one-year or two-year-old plants with a healthy root system, without visible signs of damage to shoots and roots;
the height of the shoots should be no more than 40 cm, their radius at the base should be 4-5 mm, their bark should be smooth, the foliage should have no signs of wilting;
the root system is well branched, with several skeletal branches up to 17-20 cm long, without signs of drying out;
For seedlings planted in spring, the buds should swell.

Plants can be planted in light partial shade, the main thing is that the seedlings are protected from gusts of cold wind. You can plant them in one row along a fence or blank walls of a garden house or other buildings.

The pH of the area should be slightly alkaline or neutral. The occurrence of groundwater should be deeper than 1.1 m from the soil surface.

Selechenskaya currants can be planted both in spring and autumn. When planting in spring, the site is prepared in the fall. Before digging, humus is added to it at the rate of 6-7 kg of fertilizer per square. In the spring, mineral fertilizers are added to the planting holes: potassium sulfate, wood ash and superphosphate. Dolomite flour or lime should be added to acidified soil in the fall.

Advice!

When planting Selechenskaya currant seedlings in the fall, the site needs to be prepared approximately 80-90 days before this procedure.

The distance between planting holes should be at least 1.8-2.0 m.

The cuttings are placed in the hole at an acute angle. This is also done when planting a seedling in heavy soil.

The holes are filled with nutrient substrate and compacted. The root collar should be buried 5-6 cm into the soil. A high enough side is made along the edge of the tree trunk circle so that water does not go beyond its limits when watering. After planting, pour at least 2 buckets of water under each plant.

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Features of cultivation

Required soil

The currant variety needs soils with the required amount of nutrients. Therefore, the best soils for cultivating the Selechenskaya variety are ordinary chernozems and areas with forest turf soils. Plants can also be grown on less fertile soils, provided that the missing amount of mineral and organic fertilizers is added along with planting. So no later than 7-8 weeks before planting young seedlings, it is necessary to feed 1 square meter. m of soil with such fertilizers: 7-8 kg. humus, 150-160 g of granulated superphosphate, 27-30 g of potassium sulfate.

Growing conditions

In addition to soil fertility, it is necessary that the site for planting a currant plantation meets the following requirements:

A site with the most flat surface and neutral acidity of the soil.
There should be plenty of sunlight, but with slight shading. During the entire daylight hours, currant bushes are allowed to remain in the shade for 2-3 hours.
Minimum amount of weeds, especially weeds such as wheat grass and thistle.
Lack of close occurrence of underground groundwater and protection of plants from spring floods. This requirement is due to the fact that currant roots cannot withstand prolonged waterlogging of the soil and begin to rot.

Selection of seedlings

In order to get good harvests in the future, you need to choose the right planting material of the above-mentioned variety. High-quality seedlings of the Selechenskaya variety have the following characteristics:

For propagation, it is advisable to use a two-year-old rooted cutting, as it will take root faster.
The cuttings should have at least 2-3 shoots without various damage and diseases.
The root system is well developed with many small roots. It is very important that these roots are not overdried. Therefore, the roots of the seedling must be reliably protected from the sun using a damp cloth.

Recently, rooted cuttings with a closed root system have been in great demand. The advantage of this planting material is that the roots of the plant are located in a container filled with moist soil substrate. Such seedlings take root better and begin to grow faster.

Landing time and method

The best time for planting the Selechenskaya variety is autumn, but no later than 14-21 days before the onset of permanent soil freezing. Planting the Selechenskaya variety consists of the following work:

Using twine and pegs, places for digging planting holes are marked. It must be remembered that the interval between currant bushes should be 1.8-2.2 m.
Using a bayonet shovel, holes are formed with a width of 35-40 and a depth of 28-30 cm.
8-9 days before planting, 5.5-6 kg are added to the pits. humus, 56-60 g of superphosphate and 33-35 g of wood ash.
Fertilizers are mixed with soil and filled with water for better dissolution.
24 hours before planting, the tops of the shoots and the tips of the roots are cut by 1.4-2 cm. It is very important to place the roots of the seedling in water for 12-14 hours. In this case, to stimulate the rapid formation of new roots, you can add 10-15 ml to the water. growth regulator Vympel.
After the water has been absorbed into the walls of the hole, the seedling is placed in the middle of the hole and, having straightened the roots, they begin to carefully cover them with loose fertile soil.
The soil around the seedling is slightly compacted and additionally watered with 8-10 liters. water.
To retain moisture and suppress weeds, the soil around the seedling is covered with mulching material (sawdust, husks, straw).

Weed control

Regular weed control is a very important job, and the volume of the future harvest largely depends on the quality and timeliness of its implementation. Weeding should be done after heavy rains or watering in order to preserve soil moisture. This work is carried out as soon as the soil surface dries out by 2.5-3 cm.

Weeds need to be controlled as soon as their shoots appear on the soil surface. At this stage of development, annual weeds (millet, acorn grass) do not have strong roots and are easily destroyed with a hoe or other agricultural implement. At the same time, the depth of treatment is quite small and amounts to 3.5-4 cm. To combat perennial weeds (sow thistle, wheatgrass, spurge, wormwood), you need to use reusable weeders or continuous herbicides Roundup or Hurricane in a dose of 45-50 ml. for 8.5-9 l. water.

Watering the bushes

It is very important to water the currant bushes of this variety in a timely manner. Therefore, the creators of the Selechenskaya variety recommend the following irrigation scheme:

The first 3-5 weeks after planting, the young currant plant is watered at intervals of three days with 11-12 liters. water.
Before the onset of the first autumn frosts, water the variety once a week with a norm of 14-15 liters. per mouth
During the second growing season, it is recommended to water at least three times a month. In this case, watering should be abundant at the rate of 15-18 liters. for one bush.
During the third season and beyond, the number of waterings can be reduced to two per month. At least 19-20 liters are poured onto the bush. water.

Top dressing

The currant variety requires fertilizing at different periods of development. For fertilizing, it is recommended to use not only organic (chicken manure, liquid mullein, humus) but also mineral fertilizers (ammonium nitrate, superphosphate).

During the period of swelling and the beginning of bud opening, the currant plants are fed with 30 g of ammonium nitrate dissolved in 8-9 liters. water. This solution is used to water the row spacing in a dosage of 5-6 liters. per 1 sq. m.
In mid-April, fertilize the soil between the currant bushes with liquid mullein (1.3-1.5 liters per 9-12 liters of water). For 1 sq. m. use 4-5.5 liters. solution.
Before flowering begins, you need to spray currant leaves with growth regulator Vympel in a volume of 14-15.5 ml. for 10-11 l. water. This drug helps provide plants with all the necessary microelements. Spraying is recommended in the evening.
When the fruits form and grow, the currant bushes are sprayed with Energen Aqua (13-15 ml per 7.5-8 liters of water).
At the end of July, the variety needs to be fed with chicken droppings (1.3-1.5 liters per 10-11 liters of water). The consumption of prepared fertilizer is 3.5-4.5 liters. per 1 sq. m.

Bush pruning

To produce a large number of fruits and create optimal lighting for currant bushes, pruning is necessary. The pruning scheme depends on the condition and age of the plant:

The total number of shoots on the bush should be -12.
Shoots older than five years must be removed completely.
Shoots affected by diseases and pests are cut out.
Strongly developed shoots are shortened.
Remove weak zero shoots.
Before wintering, shoots are shortened by 3-4 buds.

Currant propagation

The variety can be propagated using layering, cuttings and dividing the bush.

Layers are formed by digging in part of the shoot and caring for it by regularly moistening and loosening the soil near it. After the roots have formed, the cuttings are separated from the main mother bush and transplanted to another growing location.
Cuttings are harvested in the fall and stored throughout the winter, in a moist substrate consisting of equal parts of sawdust and sand. In the spring, the cuttings are planted in schools or placed in a permanent growing place. They are regularly watered, fertilized and weeded.
When propagating the variety using the method of dividing the bush, the root system of the currant is dug up and divided into several parts. Parts of the bush are planted in separate planting holes.

Pest Control

During their development, currant bushes of the Selechenskaya variety can be damaged by the following pests:

Kidney mite. The pest penetrates into the middle of the buds during the period of their swelling. In the future, such plants develop poorly and reduce the yield by 15-17%. Control measures:

Cutting and destroying buds inhabited by this pest.
Plant rows of garlic or onions around the currants.
Before the buds open, the shoots can be scalded with boiling water.
Spraying currants with insecticides Nissaran, Neoron and Apollo.

Spider mite. The pest is especially dangerous in hot summer months. Damages leaves. Control measures:

Loosening the soil and controlling weeds.
Spraying currant bushes with garlic infusion (500 g of chopped garlic pour 4 liters of boiling water).
Spray the plants with the insecticide Trichlorometaphos before the beginning of the currant growing season.

Berry sawfly. The damage is caused by the larvae that accumulate inside the ovaries and feed on the seeds. At the same time, berries that are ripe are practically unsuitable for consumption. Control measures:

Berries infested with the pest are collected and destroyed.
Currants are sprayed with the insecticides Chlorophos or Metaphos before or after flowering.
In autumn, fallen currant leaves are collected and then burned.
Hill up and mulch the soil around the currants.

Disease Control

The most dangerous disease for the Selechenskaya variety is anthracnose. This disease on currants can be recognized by yellowish-green spots on the surface of the leaves. Such spots enlarge and merge into one whole, and the leaf takes on a burnt appearance. These leaves gradually dry out and fall off. Anthracnose is a fungal disease. This disease is most dangerous at air temperatures of + 11 +12 degrees and is spread by insects and gusty winds. Anthracnose can destroy a bush in 2-3 years. Control measures:

When the buds begin to swell, spray the currants with a 3% solution of Bordeaux mixture.
After flowering ends, spraying is repeated.
After harvesting, the shoots are sprayed with copper oxychloride.
The soil around the currant bushes is sprinkled with wood ash.
In late autumn, shoots are sprayed with Nitrofen (3%).
During spring - autumn, copper sulfate and colloidal sulfur (1%) are used.

Harvesting

Berries begin to be picked as they ripen and taking into account the following recommendations:

You need to pick only fully ripe berries, without damage by pests or fungal diseases.
You can't harvest in rainy weather.
In order for the berries to be kept fresh longer, they must be immediately scattered into wooden boxes and boxes no more than 18-20 cm thick.

Preparing for winter

In order for bushes of this variety to overwinter normally, the following preventive measures must be taken:

Autumn pruning.
Loosening the soil and removing weeds.
Water the plants twice a month. 15-19 liters are consumed for 1 bush. water.
Newly planted seedlings are insulated with sawdust or straw.

Further care for Selechenskaya 2 currants

This variety of currant requires regular watering at the time of flowering, ovary formation, and fruit formation.

Watering is carried out every 3-4 days, adding 10 to 30 liters of water to each bush, depending on weather conditions.

Advice!

It is imperative to carry out moisture-recharging irrigation when preparing currants for winter - in the last ten days of September - the first ten days of October.

After watering, it is imperative to loosen the tree trunk circles, while simultaneously removing weeds.

Before the onset of frost, young bushes are covered so that the plants do not freeze out during severe frosts.

Landing

Pre-prepare the planting hole. Its width should be 1⁄2 greater than the size of the root system. The bottom is covered with expanded clay to avoid rotting of the root system.

Next, a soil substrate is prepared from a mixture of leaf humus, peat and chernozem. This composition is placed in a recess along with currants.

The final stage is thorough watering. In the first two weeks it is necessary to irrigate the soil up to three times a week. This will stimulate root growth.

Feeding Selechenskaya currant bushes

The main stages of fertilizing Selechenskaya currants:

In the spring and autumn, a solution of cow manure diluted in a concentration of 1:4 is introduced into the tree trunk circles. But you can replace it with diluted chicken manure - 100 g of fertilizer is diluted in a bucket of water.
Three seasons after planting, urea (up to 30 g) should be added to the Selechenskaya 2 currant fertilizer in the spring. Compost or humus is used as mulch after watering.
In the fall, after moisture-recharging irrigation, 2 tbsp are added to each currant bush. l. superphosphate and 1.5 tbsp. l. potassium sulfate.
If the soil in the garden plot is fertile, then in the fall mineral fertilizers are replaced with wood ash (2 cups of fertilizer per 1 m2).

Currant feeding

How to plant

As you can see, this variety is very good - productive, quite resistant to diseases and not particularly whimsical. How to plant Selechenskaya currant correctly? This procedure is not particularly complicated. Its bushes are planted in the same way as any other early varieties of currants. The same goes for caring for plants.

It is best to plant in late autumn or spring, before the buds open. Selechenskaya currant is absolutely undemanding when it comes to soil. However, by choosing a good place for planting and properly preparing the soil, you can get much more abundant harvests. As for Selechenskaya-2, for this currant, preliminary soil improvement is a mandatory procedure.

Selechenskaya black currant is planted in a well-lit, non-flooded area. Dig holes 50 cm deep across the garden in a direction from north to south at a distance of 1.5-2 meters from each other according to the number of bushes.

Place a seedling in each hole at an angle of 45 degrees, with the roots facing south, so that the neck is 15 cm below ground level. Fill the holes with the improved soil prepared in advance and lightly compact the tree trunk circle. Soil for currants is prepared as follows: good garden soil is mixed with humus and 100 g of nitroammophoska and a glass of ash are added to a bucket of the mixture. Currants take nutrients from a depth of about 40 cm. Therefore, the resulting fertile layer for the bush will be quite enough. The diameter of the holes, however, should not be less than 60 cm. Otherwise, Selechenskaya black currant will still experience a lack of nutrients.

After planting, the tree trunk circles should be mulched. The seedlings themselves are pruned so that 3-4 buds remain above the soil surface. In addition, you need to pour about a bucket of water onto each bush.

Currant Selechenskaya: pruning

Formative pruning of Selechenskaya currant bushes is carried out in spring or autumn.

It must be remembered that the harvest is laid on 2-3 year old shoots.

Every year up to 15-20 new shoots appear on the bushes, which are not touched until spring.

In the next season, no more than 6 of last year's strongest shoots are left, the rest are cut out.

In summer, the tops of the branches are pinched to stimulate the growth of side shoots.

Before the onset of cold weather, the stems are cut off, leaving no more than 5 eyes on each.

In the fall, during pruning, old branches that are more than 5 years old are removed, because they will no longer produce a crop. Damaged and dried branches are also removed.

Currant pruning

Harvesting them and storing them

The harvest is carried out in several stages, which will last until mid-August. The weather on this day should be dry so that the fruits do not get wet. The harvest is collected in a bucket or pan, then sorted out of debris, washed under water and dried to remove moisture. You can prepare jam right away, the fruits easily release juice, and you don’t even need to cover them with sugar first. To freeze currants, the washed fruits are placed in bags, placed in the freezer and kept for at least 5-6 hours until completely frozen.