We grow productive Astrakhan tomato - description of the variety and its features

The Astrakhan tomato was approved for use in the Lower Volga and North Caucasus regions for cultivation in open ground and under film covering in 1997.

Description and characteristics of the variety

An indeterminate standard plant, the height of which is between 65-80 cm. It is characterized by moderate foliage - the leaves are the most common, dark green in color. The inflorescence is intermediate.

Tomatoes have several varieties. Their seeds are considered somewhat of a scarcity, so if a gardener is lucky enough to find real seeds, it may be one of the following varieties:

• pink variety;
• red variety;
• orange variety.

Despite the difference in colors, not a single tomato is inferior in taste to its fellow.

Features of cultivation

Tomatoes are grown in seedlings and without seedlings (in the south they are sown in open ground, under film, at the end of April). The approximate planting date (when grown using traditional technology) is mid-March. The soil can be composed of turf soil, compost and peat (2:1:1). If the soil is heavy, you need to add a few pinches of coarse sand. The mixture is first calcined in the oven at a temperature of 130-150 degrees for 30 minutes or disinfected with a weak solution of potassium permanganate.

Astrakhan tomato seeds are tested in 5% salt and those that float are removed. Then they are immersed overnight in a solution of a growth stimulator and planted to a depth of 2 cm (the interval is the same). Any containers will do - boxes, containers, you can also try growing them in peat tablets.

During the first 10 days, the seeds are grown in greenhouses under normal conditions:

• backlight 14-15 hours a day;
• under a film or lid (need to be ventilated periodically);
• with good hydration;
• in a warm place (25-27 degrees).

When the first sprouts of Astrakhan tomatoes form, the lid can be removed. After the appearance of 3 leaves, the seedlings are planted and at the same time the temperature is reduced to room temperature. After a week, you can give liquid complex mineral fertilizer. 15 days before transplanting, seedlings begin to harden at a temperature of 15-16 degrees.

After transplantation, tomato seedlings are placed in separate containers

Astrakhan tomato bushes are transplanted into open ground in the second half of May, and into a greenhouse a little earlier. Leave 40-45 cm between plants, 60 cm between rows. Regularly water with settled water, and apply complex mineral fertilizer every 2 weeks. The bush is tied to a support and stepsoned. The soil is periodically loosened and weeds removed.

Advice! To keep the soil moist longer, you can lay a layer of mulch on its surface - peat, straw, sawdust, hay and other materials.

Productivity

The fruit is round in shape. The weight of each tomato is 100-300 grams. The tomato is famous for its fleshy and tasty fruits, which, upon reaching maturity, acquire a bright red tomato color. There is no green spot on the stalk.

The average yield is 600 c/ha. The variety is characterized by abundant fruiting.

Recommended for fresh consumption, preparation of salads, appetizers, sauces. Slicing fresh Astrakhan tomatoes will decorate the dining table of every housewife.

Characteristics of the Astrakhan tomato

Astrakhan tomatoes reach the stage of technical ripeness (fully formed, but remain green) 4 months after the seedlings emerge. Therefore, harvests begin to be harvested closer to mid-July. Fruiting occurs at different rates, not in one wave. You can collect fruits until the end of August (weather permitting). Tomatoes are left to ripen on a branch or sent to ripen in a dark, moderately cool place.

Astrakhan tomato yield and fruiting

Astrakhan tomatoes are very productive (for determinate varieties). In good weather, subject to the rules of agricultural technology, you can harvest up to 3.5 kg of tomatoes from 1 bush.

*Since Astrakhan tomato bushes are compact, up to 7 plants can be planted per 1 m2.

To get a rich harvest, it is better to grow Astrakhan tomatoes in a greenhouse (especially in regions with short summers). In addition, experienced summer residents recommend following a few simple rules:

1. Regular but moderate watering.
2. Balanced feeding at least once every 2-3 weeks.
3. Preventive treatment for diseases.
4. Ventilation of the greenhouse.
5. Although Astrakhan tomato bushes do not require pinching, it is better to periodically remove excess side shoots.

To save space, summer residents and farmers practice dense planting technology (the distance between Astrakhan tomato bushes is 20 cm). In this case, you need to make a very strong support - a structure of several sticks with stretched ropes (ordinary pegs will not work).

Area of ​​application of fruits

These tomatoes are universal in purpose. They are good fresh and suitable for preparing all kinds of dishes and homemade preparations:

• soups;
• sauces;
• salads;
• second courses;
• tomato juice;
• lecho;
• whole-fruit canning (salting, pickling).

Resistance to diseases and pests

Judging by the reviews of summer residents, the immunity of Astrakhan tomatoes is very good - they rarely suffer from fungal diseases. However, late blight and tobacco mosaic can grow on the bushes. Therefore, treatment with fungicides is mandatory (for prevention, it is carried out at the end of May).

An insect invasion is also possible. In these cases, the bushes should be immediately sprayed with insecticides or proven solutions prepared according to folk recipes.

Reviews from gardeners

Daria, 35 years old, Volgograd

According to reviews, the Astrakhan tomato was chosen due to its productivity. Tomatoes do not crack, and bushes are not susceptible to disease. In the future I plan to constantly plant this variety. I get tomato seedlings at home, the seeds germinate quickly and amicably. Then I transfer the tomatoes to the greenhouse. I didn’t notice any special attention to the variety; I cared for it like all other tomatoes.

Raisa, 55 years old, Moscow

This year I planted the Astrakhan variety on the plot for the first time. The seeds were planted in mid-March. The seedlings turned out to be strong and low, they did not stretch, as happens with other varieties. The fruits are very fleshy and medium in size. I used it both in vegetable salads and for pickling.

Maxim, 48 years old, Taganrog

I liked the Astrakhan variety for its high yield. I planted the seedlings in open ground, the plants took root well and did not get sick. The tomatoes are very tasty; they were used for homemade preparations and salads. Next year I plan to increase the area for planting this variety and grow it for sale.

What does a Kaspar F1 tomato look like?

Caspar F1 is a determinate hybrid of medium-early ripening tomatoes, equally suitable for cultivation in greenhouses, greenhouses and open ground. It was created in the Netherlands, but in most Russian regions this variety consistently produces a very good harvest, successfully adapting to the specifics of the local climate and the vagaries of the weather.

Hybrid tomato Caspar F1 is one of the many successful achievements of Dutch breeders

The property of determinacy means that the height of the bush is artificially limited. Upon reaching the limit values, a fruit cluster is formed at the top.

Infographics: a brief description of the Kaspar variety

Brief description of the Kaspar tomato variety

The manufacturer states that the height of Caspar F1 is a maximum of 50–55 cm, but in practice in open ground it stretches up to 80–90 cm, in a greenhouse or greenhouse - up to 1.1–1.3 m. The bushes are densely leafy, the leaves are large. However, the plants are quite compact.

The bushes of the Caspar F1 hybrid are not as miniature as the manufacturer claims, but they cannot be called very tall and oversized

The first fruits are harvested 85–90 days after planting the seedlings in a greenhouse and 100–110 days later in open ground. One bush brings up to 1.5 kg of tomatoes during the season; about 10 kg are harvested from 1 m². The harvest is tried at the end of June or early July, the bushes bear fruit until the last days of August, in warm southern regions - even until September.

Caspar F1 tomatoes are distinguished by the duration of fruiting, it stretches for two or more months depending on climatic and weather conditions

The skin of ripe tomatoes is a beautiful red-orange color, they are elongated-cylindrical in shape, reminiscent of bell peppers (there is even a typical sharp “spout”). The weight of the fruit is 80–120 g, rare specimens weigh up to 200 g. They have 3–4 chambers, no more, the tomatoes are very fleshy. The pulp is dense, the dry matter content in it is up to 5.2%. The taste is characteristic “tomato,” slightly sour.

Ripe Caspar F1 tomatoes are distinguished by their presentable appearance and very good taste.

The skin is extremely dense, even rough. If the fruits are used for salads, it is recommended to peel it. By the way, this is easy to do, without even scalding them with boiling water. But the density of the skin determines the excellent shelf life (at room temperature - up to a month, in optimal conditions - up to 8-10 weeks) and transportability of tomatoes, they do not crack on the bush, do not turn into an unappetizing mush during heat treatment, maintaining their shape, consistency of pulp and brightness of color even when cut into pieces.

Thanks to the latter property, Caspar F1 is highly valued by gardeners who use tomatoes mainly for homemade preparations. They praise the taste and appearance of salted, pickled and sun-dried tomatoes; they especially note the suitability of the hybrid for canning in its own juice.

Caspar F1 tomatoes are especially good in any homemade preparations

Video: how to cook tomatoes in your own juice for the winter

Kaspar F1 has good resistance to diseases typical of the crop. It does not suffer from verticillium and fusarium. The hybrid is less resistant to late blight, but it is saved by the ripening time - most of the harvest is harvested before the massive spread of the disease, which occurs in August, when the temperature drops and prolonged rains begin. Pests (with the exception of aphids) also do not show increased interest in this tomato.

Caspar F1 has genetically “built-in” immunity from Fusarium wilt - this dangerous disease can destroy a bush in a matter of days

Recently, the creators have improved the Kaspar F1 by creating “version 2.0” - the Hypil 108 F1 hybrid. It differs from the original in terms of ripening (10–15 days earlier) and the slight “barrel-shaped” shape of the fruit. Domestic breeders also worked with it, developing the hybrid Caspar 2, which was included in the State Register in 2015 and recognized as suitable for cultivation in all regions of Russia.

Since Kaspar F1 is a hybrid, there is no point in collecting seeds from personally grown fruits for planting next season. They will have to be purchased again every year. This is perhaps the only significant drawback of the tomato.

Tomato Caspar 2 differs from the “original” in a more saturated red skin color and slightly in the shape of the fruit

Loosen the soil after each watering

This is interesting

In production conditions in the Astrakhan region, a special technology was developed, which had the name of the same name as the region. Using this technology, tomatoes were planted with very wide row spacing of 1.4 m and a very small distance between the bushes - 15-17 cm. With this scheme, the row is very dense, the bushes rarely fall apart, there is the possibility of machine harvesting and complete mechanization of all work.

Caring for tomatoes during growth

The bushes need to be fed with nitrogen fertilizers. Urea can be used for these purposes. Before flowering, the hybrid is enriched with a complex mixture containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Fertilizer such as fresh mullein is also used. Up to 2 kg of the substance is diluted in a bucket of water, and the solution is left for a week. Fermentation occurs. The resulting mixture is diluted 5 times and then poured under the roots of the tomato.

The stems of the bush must be tied to a strong support, otherwise the plant will damage the branches when a large number of fruits form on them. If seedlings are not used to grow a hybrid, then the seedlings are tied to trellises, the height of which is 100 cm. To support the stems, you will have to pull additional wires in 2 rows. The stems are tied in the middle, ensuring that their body is securely fastened.

Advantages and disadvantages

• The main advantage of the Astrakhan tomato variety is its high yield. Thanks to the abundant fruiting, an average of 500-600 centners are harvested from one hectare, and experienced farmers under industrial conditions obtain yields of up to 70 tons per hectare. From one bed of an ordinary gardener, the yield is 7-9 kg per 1 sq.m.
• The peduncle is without the usual green spot around it;
• The variety is immune to the tobacco mosaic virus, and is also not affected by the Egyptian broomrape.
• The dense peel can be considered a disadvantage, but this is rather a plus, since the fruit does not crack and is easily transported and stored.

Is it really easy to grow a tomato?

When growing Astrakhan tomato, it is important to remember several things. Firstly, seeds can only be planted in open ground. And secondly, you should not plant several types of tomatoes in one bed. Cross pollination can affect the taste of ripe fruits.

You can plant seeds directly in open ground, or start growing seedlings. In the first case, it is better to start planting seeds in early or mid-April, when the soil is saturated with moisture and well warmed up. Using a garden tool, dig small holes, fill with enough water, and throw in 2-3 seeds.

The distance from hole to hole should be about 20-25 centimeters. The plant is not only tall, but also wide. Maintaining indentations will allow the root system to develop normally and absorb the optimal amount of water and minerals.

Features of growing seedlings:

1. Pour black soil into the box. It can be fertilized with a mineral solution for vegetables, which is sold in the store.
2. Place dry seeds in cheesecloth and soak them in a manganese solution for 24 hours (this will help kill bacteria).
3. Using a small spatula, make small but long holes.
4. Plant the prepared seeds and lightly sprinkle with soil.
5. Cover the box with plastic wrap.
6. Water the seedlings every 2-3 days.

The first true leaves will appear during the first two weeks. After the leaves appear, we recommend removing the plastic film and placing the box in a warm, well-lit place. Seedlings can be planted at the end or middle of May. After a month and a half, you will enjoy ripe and incredibly tasty tomatoes. But this is natural, subject to the basic rules of plant care.

Pest and disease control

As a preventative measure, Astrakhan tomato bushes should be treated before transplanting into open ground - this can be done using any preparation:

• Bordeaux mixture;
• "Ordan";
• "Fundazol";
• "Maksim";
• "Fitosporin".

Insecticides work well against insects and other pests:

• "Aktara";
• "Fufanon";
• "Aktellik";
• "Karbofos";
• "Green Soap"

In the first stages of the invasion, folk remedies also help to cope - a solution of ammonia, hydrogen peroxide, baking soda, an infusion of chili peppers, onion peels, and a decoction of marigolds.

Important! When growing Astrakhan tomatoes in an open garden bed, treatment is carried out only in clear and windless weather, preferably late in the evening. After spraying the chemicals, tomatoes can be harvested after a few days.

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Planting tomato seeds

To obtain high-quality viable seedlings, sowing “Slivka” tomatoes is practiced at the turn of February-March. It is taken into account that the age of the seedlings at the time of moving to a permanent place is 55-65 days.

Seed preparation

The seed material is carefully examined. It is calibrated by removing excessively small, spoiled, dried grains.

To improve germination, the highest quality seeds are then immersed in a salty liquid (10 g of salt/250 ml). Floating specimens are thrown away. The full grains remaining at the bottom are rinsed. They can be sown immediately. If the event is planned to be held later, scatter the seed on a napkin and dry it.

Disinfection of seed material purchased in specialized stores is not required. But self-harvested grains need to be kept in a slightly pink solution of potassium permanganate for 25-30 minutes.

Sowing seedlings

For good growth of tomato seedlings, a nutritious, breathable substrate is required, which is easy to purchase.

If in the fall you managed to stock up on garden soil and turf soil, then combine them in identical volumes with sand and peat. Spill with a pink disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate or the EM-Baikal preparation.

Containers are filled with soil mixture. Mark grooves to a depth of 2.2-2.5 cm, along which the seeds are distributed, maintaining a gap of 4-5 cm. A distance of 9-10 cm should be made between the grooves.

If a small number of seedlings are grown, it is more convenient to use local small pots - cardboard, peat, glass, plastic. In each such container you need to sow 2-3 grains. Seedling containers must be covered with transparent material. Film or glass will do.

Keep at +18…+25°C in a bright room. The nurseries are regularly opened to ventilate and, if necessary, moisten the substrate. Remove the cover after the sprouts appear.

Hardening, picking seedlings

When 2-4 leaves are formed on the seedlings, the picking period begins. The general container is watered 1-1.5 hours before this procedure. Prepare cups by filling them with substrate.

Carefully remove the seedlings, lightly pinch the root and place it in a hole about 5-6 cm deep. Sprinkle the roots with soil, then spray the surface with settled water.

In separate cups, you only need to cut out the excess weakened sprouts, leaving the strongest specimen.

To ensure strong immunity, 1-1.5 weeks before the intended transplantation, containers with seedlings are transferred to the veranda or balcony during the day. Increase the hardening time gradually.

Landing in the ground

The area for “Slivka” tomatoes is given a sunny area with neutral, fertile, breathable soil. Do not use beds after nightshade crops.

In autumn, it is recommended to sprinkle humus on a surface cleared of plant waste, using 10 buckets per 10 m2. To increase fertility, organic matter is supplemented with superphosphate (500 g). You can add 5 cups of ash.