Agrostim for tomatoes. Instructions for use, dosage, reviews

What are chondroprotectors?

Chondroprotectors for joints (powders for the treatment of joints) are slow-acting preparations that contain proteins necessary for the construction of articular cartilage, bones and other functional tissues of the musculoskeletal system. Chondroprotective drugs are used in complex therapy of diseases of the musculoskeletal system together with anti-inflammatory and other drugs. However, their main task is the prevention of degenerative changes in joints. Therefore, they are effective before the onset of the disease, as well as in its early stages.

Rosuvastatin

Renal dysfunction

In patients receiving high doses of rosuvastatin (particularly 40 mg/day), tubular proteinuria was observed, which was detected using test strips and in most cases was intermittent or short-term. Such proteinuria does not indicate acute illness or progression of concomitant renal disease. The incidence of serious renal dysfunction observed in post-marketing studies of rosuvastatin is higher when taking a dose of 40 mg/day. In patients taking Rosuvastatin at a dose of 30 or 40 mg/day, it is recommended to monitor renal function during treatment (at least once every 3 months).

Effect on the musculoskeletal system

The following musculoskeletal effects have been reported with rosuvastatin at all doses, but particularly at doses greater than 20 mg/day: myalgia, myopathy, and in rare cases, rhabdomyolysis. Very rare cases of rhabdomyolysis have been reported with the simultaneous use of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors and ezetimibe. This combination should be used with caution, as pharmacodynamic interactions cannot be excluded.

As with other HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, the incidence of rhabdomyolysis with post-marketing use of rosuvastatin is higher when using a dose of 40 mg/day.

Determination of serum CPK activity

Serum CPK activity cannot be determined after intense physical exercise and in the presence of other possible reasons for an increase in its activity; this may lead to incorrect interpretation of the results obtained. If the initial serum CPK activity is significantly exceeded (5 times higher than the upper limit of normal), a repeat analysis should be performed after 5-7 days. Therapy should not be started if the results of a repeat analysis confirm the initial high serum CPK activity (more than 5 times the upper limit of normal).

Before starting therapy

Depending on the daily dose, Rosuvastatin should be administered with caution to patients with existing risk factors for myopathy/rhabdomyolysis.

These factors include:

- renal dysfunction,

- hypothyroidism,

- history of muscle diseases (including family history),

- history of myotoxic effects when taking other HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors or fibrates,

- excessive alcohol consumption,

- age over 65 years,

- conditions in which the concentration of rosuvastatin in the blood plasma may increase,

- simultaneous use of fibrates.

In such patients, it is necessary to evaluate the risks and possible benefits of therapy. Clinical monitoring is also recommended. If the initial serum CK activity is higher than 5 times the upper limit of normal, therapy with Rosuvastatin cannot be started.

During drug therapy

The patient should be informed to immediately report to the doctor if muscle pain, muscle weakness or spasms occur unexpectedly, especially in combination with malaise and fever. In such patients, serum CPK activity should be determined. Therapy should be discontinued if serum CPK activity is significantly increased (more than 5 times the upper limit of normal), or if muscle symptoms are severe and cause daily discomfort (even if serum CPK activity is no more than 5 times the upper limit of normal). exceeds the upper limit of normal). If symptoms disappear and serum CPK activity returns to normal, resumption of use of Rosuvastatin or other HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors in lower doses should be considered under close medical supervision. Monitoring serum CPK activity in the absence of symptoms is impractical.

Very rare cases of immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy have been reported with clinical manifestations in the form of persistent weakness of the proximal muscles and increased CPK activity in the blood serum during therapy or upon discontinuation of the use of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, including rosuvastatin. Additional studies of the muscular and nervous system, serological studies, and therapy with immunosuppressive drugs may be required. There were no signs of increased effects on skeletal muscles when taking rosuvastatin and concomitant therapy. However, an increase in the number of cases of myositis and myopathy has been reported in patients taking other HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors in combination with fibric acid derivatives (for example, gemfibrozil), cyclosporine, nicotinic acid in lipid-lowering doses (more than 1 g / day), antifungals - azole derivatives, HIV protease inhibitors and macrolide antibiotics.

When used simultaneously with certain HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, gemfibrozil increases the risk of developing myopathy. Thus, the simultaneous use of Rosuvastatin and gemfibrozil is not recommended. The benefits of further changes in plasma lipid concentrations when using the drug Rosuvastatin in combination with fibrates or nicotinic acid in lipid-lowering doses must be carefully weighed against the possible risks. The drug Rosuvastatin at a dose of 40 mg/day is contraindicated for combination therapy with fibrates.

Rosuvastatin should not be used simultaneously or within 7 days after discontinuation of systemic fusidic acid therapy. In patients in whom the use of fusidic acid is considered necessary, statin therapy should be discontinued for the entire duration of fusidic acid therapy. There have been reports of rhabdomyolysis (including death in some cases) in patients receiving fusidic acid concomitantly with statins. The patient should seek immediate medical attention if any symptoms of muscle weakness, pain, or tenderness occur.

Therapy with Rosuvastatin can be resumed 7 days after the last dose of fusidic acid.

In exceptional cases, when long-term use of systemic fusidic acid is required, for example, in the treatment of severe infections, the need for simultaneous use of Rosuvastatin and fusidic acid should be considered individually and subject to careful medical supervision.

Due to the increased risk of rhabdomyolysis, Rosuvastatin should not be used in patients with acute conditions that may lead to myopathy or conditions predisposing to the development of renal failure (for example, sepsis, hypotension, major surgery, trauma, severe metabolic, endocrine or electrolyte disturbances , uncontrollable seizures).

2-4 weeks after the start of treatment and/or when the dose of Rosuvastatin is increased, monitoring of lipid metabolism parameters is necessary (dose adjustment is required if necessary).

Liver

Depending on the daily dose, Rosuvastatin should be used with caution in patients with excessive alcohol consumption and/or in patients with a history of liver disease, or its use is contraindicated (see sections "Contraindications" and "Precautions").

It is recommended to determine liver function tests before the start of therapy and 3 months after its start. The use of the drug Rosuvastatin should be discontinued or the dose of the drug should be reduced if the activity of “liver” transaminases in the blood serum is 3 times higher than the upper limit of normal.

In patients with hypercholesterolemia due to hypothyroidism or nephrotic syndrome, underlying diseases should be treated before starting treatment with Rosuvastatin.

Ethnic characteristics

During pharmacokinetic studies, an increase in the plasma concentration of rosuvastatin was noted in representatives of the Mongoloid race compared to representatives of the Caucasian race.

Interstitial lung disease

Isolated cases of interstitial lung disease have been reported with the use of certain HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, especially over long periods of time. Manifestations of the disease may include shortness of breath, non-productive cough and deterioration in general health (weakness, weight loss and fever).

If interstitial lung disease is suspected, therapy with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors should be discontinued.

Diabetes mellitus type 2

In patients with glucose concentrations between 5.6 and 6.9 mmol/L, rosuvastatin therapy was associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus.

HIV protease inhibitors

Concomitant use of the drug with HIV protease inhibitors is not recommended (see section “Interaction with other drugs”).

Special information on excipients

The drug Rosuvastatin contains lactose and is therefore contraindicated in patients with lactose intolerance, lactase deficiency, and glucose-galactose malabsorption syndrome.

Chondroprotectors - salvation for joints?

The nourishment and hydration of cartilage in the joint occurs with the help of synovial fluid, which contains the already mentioned mono- and polysaccharides. With injury, excessive physical activity or systemic disease, the composition of the synovial fluid may be disrupted. Because of this, it becomes less viscous and can no longer provide slip. Once in the synovial fluid, the components of chondroprotectors help restore its consistency and normal activity of cartilage cells. The joints stop hurting and swelling, their mobility improves. In parallel with taking chondroprotectors, other measures are necessary for the active restoration and nutrition of cartilage - physiotherapy, exercise therapy, anti-inflammatory drugs.

For what diseases are chondroprotectors used?

Glucosamine and chondroitin preparations help protect joints from “starvation” and chemically aggressive substances that accumulate in them as a result of inflammation. For this reason, they are recommended for adjuvant therapy of osteochondropathy - diseases that cause necrosis of spongy bone tissue (bone heads). Chondroprotective drugs are used for the treatment and prevention of:

• osteochondrosis;
• osteoarthritis (including rheumatoid and gouty arthritis);
• spondylosis (spondyloarthrosis);
• osteoporosis;
• tendonitis (dystrophic disease of the tendons);
• bursitis (inflammation of the joint capsule)

Chondroprotectors will become indispensable assistants in the fight against joint diseases

Drugs in this group are recommended for congenital and acquired pathologies of bone tissue (for example, bone deformation), hernias and protrusions. Chondroitin sulfate has proven itself as an auxiliary substance in the treatment of keratitis (inflammation of the eye cornea). Chondroprotectors for arthrosis are prescribed at stages 1-2 of the disease.

Recommendations and dosage

A single spraying helps brown tomatoes ripen faster. At the same time, their mass increases and their size increases.

Dose of the drug for tomatoes:

1. 120 ml of the drug are intended for 100 liters of liquid.
2. For irrigation, prepare a 0.12% diluted solution.
3. To treat 1 hectare of plantings, 300-600 liters of working solution will be required. The dosage of the drug should be accordingly 2-3 liters per 1 ha.

Irrigation is carried out no later than 7-10 days before harvest.

The effect of chondroprotectors for joints

The use of chondroprotectors can reduce pain, slow down the progression of the disease and improve joint mobility. They are especially effective in treating large joints - knee, elbow, hip.

The effect of chondroprotectors in arthrosis is divided into:

• symptom-modifying (reducing discomfort during wear of cartilage tissue);
• structural-modifying (improving the structure of cartilage, combating its further destruction).

The mechanism of action of chondroprotective drugs is based on the fact that they stimulate the growth of chondrocytes, increase their resistance to oxidation, and suppress the activity of enzymes that destroy cartilage tissue. Thanks to this, instead of defective cartilage tissue, stable tissue begins to grow, i.e., strong enough so that the cartilage can again perform its functions in the joint. Also, protective agents have a weak anti-inflammatory effect and reduce swelling.

Chondroprotectors for joints have a cumulative effect, act slowly and over a long period of time. Therefore, they are used to reduce patients’ need for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory and glucocorticoid drugs and increase the duration of remission. Glucosamine also prevents the leaching of calcium from bones, and chondroitin normalizes calcium-phosphorus metabolism.

Method of application for tomatoes

The use of means to improve and accelerate the formation of plants should not cancel traditional agrotechnical methods. The growth stimulator is unable to replace the nutrients that crops receive from fertilizers. At the same time, using plant hormones, it is necessary to provide the shrubs with good and high-quality nutrition.

The components that control processes in the culture are hormones designed to ensure the normal functioning of plants. Therefore, their balance must be clearly established. This is due to the fact that each phytohormone that was introduced from the outside can affect the seedlings differently, while various active substances can be combined with each other in different ways or complement each other. Vegetable crops should be formed harmoniously.

A growth stimulator for treatment must be used during the period when the seedling is in the phase of development in which tissues with organs and cells are able to accept hormones. This is explained by the fact that the hormonal background of shrubs can change over the course of 24 hours. In this regard, it is not recommended to apply various preparations without taking into account the timing and stage of development of seedlings.

At the stage of using hormonal agents, it is necessary to adhere to concentrations, since these substances can be produced in small quantities directly in the bush. If the volume of the active element in the working solution is higher than required, it will have a depressing rather than stimulating effect on the plant.

Excessively high concentrations can destroy the crop. This feature applies to natural and artificial synthesized hormones.

For example, in agriculture, some types of growth stimulants are used in high concentrations in the form of herbicides to suppress the growth of weeds. Instructions for use of Agrostim require compliance with certain rules that will allow you to achieve excellent results. This is due to the fact that tomatoes are considered a rather capricious crop to care for.

Method of application for tomato bushes:

• plants need to be processed at least 5-6 hours before the expected precipitation, so it is recommended to monitor the weather forecast;
• to dilute 120 ml of stimulator you will need approximately 100 liters of clean liquid;
• 2-3 liters of the finished solution is considered the maximum dosage that will be required for 600-1,000 liters of liquid.

The effect after treatment will be noticeable after a week from the date of use of the drug. If the result is not visible, it means that the working solution was made incorrectly due to the use of a minimum dosage of the substance over a large area.

Indications and contraindications for taking chondroprotectors

Although chondroprotectors are useful for diseases of ligaments and even periodontal tissue, their main use in medicine is the protection and restoration of joints. Chondroprotectors for joints are made from natural products that have been part of the human diet for centuries, so side effects and contraindications are very rare.

Who needs chondroprotectors for joints?

Joint damage is common among athletes, manual workers, and people who lead a sedentary lifestyle. People with age-related changes in hormonal levels and people over 45 years of age are also at risk. The presence of autoimmune and metabolic diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, gout), excess weight is a good reason for the preventive use of chondroprotectors.

You need to start a course of glucosamine and chondroitin:

• at stages 1 and 2 of osteoarthritis and other rheumatic diseases;
• for diseases of ligaments and tendons;
• after injuries and joint surgeries;
• for diseases with a tendency to damage joints;
• in other cases as prescribed by a doctor.

Who should not take chondroprotectors?

Absolute contraindications to taking chondroprotectors for joints are phenylketonuria (a disorder of amino acid metabolism) and individual intolerance to their components. A preliminary consultation with a specialist before taking chondroprotective agents and further observation is necessary for:

• pregnant and lactating women;
• children under 12 years of age;
• asthmatics (if breathing is difficult, the drug should be discontinued);
• diabetics (glucosamine changes glucose tolerance);
• allergy sufferers (especially those with allergies to various types of protein and shellfish);
• patients with gastrointestinal diseases in the acute phase (gastritis, gastric or duodenal ulcers);
• people with kidney disease (including cholelithiasis, urolithiasis, renal failure) and liver failure;
• patients with vascular pathologies (including varicose veins, thrombosis and thrombophlebitis) and blood clotting disorders;
• persons with oxaluric diathesis;
• patients diagnosed with malignant tumors.

Description of the drug

The preparation is produced by Polish manufacturers. The composition can be used in closed and open beds for spraying shrubs.

The drug allows you to accelerate the ripening of fruits, improve the taste and marketability of vegetables, and also increase the saturation and brightness of the shade. Additionally, a growth stimulator can increase productivity, which makes it possible to achieve a large harvest even under poor weather conditions.

Agrostim for tomatoes (instructions for use are given for informational purposes) acts as an accelerator that allows the fruits to ripen faster. At the same time, the drug immediately functions as a growth stimulator, increasing the quality of fruiting in any weather conditions - rainy weather, drought or heat. At the same time, the composition is able to control the process of crop growth during the growing season.

The main active component of the drug is 2 chlorethiphosphonic acid, which helps increase the green mass to the optimal volume, which has a positive effect on the ripening of vegetables. The product has a contact-systemic effect.

The active substance of the drug can increase the resistance of tomatoes to diseases and insect pests, strengthening the immune system and reducing the factor of infection by bacteria or fungi.

As a result, the bushes become more resistant to sudden cold weather, drought or heat. During plant metabolism, the active substance becomes ethylene, which acts as a strong regulator of crop growth and maturity.

At the same time, it ensures smooth ripening of fruits, which is necessary for:

• increased risk of blossom end rot, late blight or spoilage of tomatoes;
• early harvest cultivation;
• the threat of cold weather and the last harvest of fruits in the autumn season.

It is undesirable to apply the drug to the soil layer, which contains a minimum amount of nitrogen and humus. It is recommended to carry out the procedure when the temperature reaches +12 ℃. After completion of treatment, at least 4 hours must pass before any precipitation occurs. The growth stimulator is marketed in the form of a soluble concentrate. For 1 liter of composition there are 480 g of ethephon. The product is included in the group of substances with hazard class 4.

In this regard, the stimulant is harmless to birds, fish, bees and people. Thanks to processing, tomatoes have a longer shelf life and increased transportability. The waiting period after spraying and before harvesting is 7 days. If the composition gets on the mucous membrane of the eyes, it may cause irritation. To eliminate discomfort, it is recommended to rinse your eyes generously under water.

One package of the drug costs 2,400-2,500 rubles. The product can be stored for 3 years from the date of manufacture. The drug helps crops, supports them, promotes ripening and growth of fruits. However, it is unable to solve all problems. In this regard, if the soil cover is not prepared, is infected with infections and is completely covered with weeds, there will not be a bountiful harvest.

Classification of chondroprotectors

In medical sources, chondroprotectors for joints are divided by generation:

• 1st generation.
  Animal and plant extracts and concentrates rich in glucosamine and chondroitin;
• 2nd generation.
  Preparations that contain purified glucosamine or chondroitin. They are absorbed faster and easier, and are less likely to cause allergies;
• 3rd generation
  . Combined products that combine glucosamine, chondroitin, sulfur preparations and other components. The composition of new generation chondroprotectors is often supplemented with anti-inflammatory drugs (ibuprofen, diclofenac), fatty acids (improves the elasticity of cartilage and protects its cells from destruction), vitamins (for better absorption of active substances and protection of cell membranes) and microelements (for building stable cartilage tissue).

New generation chondroprotectors make the patient feel better much faster and have fewer side effects.

Chondoprotectors are available in various forms. Choose what suits you.

Pills

Tablets and capsules are prescribed in courses of 3-6 months. They are especially effective for lesions of large joints or systemic diseases that affect 4 or more joints. Capsules are absorbed almost as well as liquid glucosamine, but are stored and dosed much better. The absorption of these chondroprotectors is quite high - 13-25%.

Chondroprotective ointments

Local chondroprotectors (ointments and gels) are used for arthrosis of intervertebral, small and medium-sized joints. External preparations have minimal bioavailability (less than 5%) and have virtually no effect on the structure of cartilage, especially if it lies deep under the skin. But chondroprotective ointments have a beneficial effect on periarticular tissues, relieve pain and swelling, and reduce inflammation. In the absence of an allergic reaction, they can be used continuously.

Powders for the treatment of joints

Powder chondroprotectors are the rarest form of release. Glucosamine powder is well absorbed by the body (bioavailability over 26%), but is not recommended for gastrointestinal diseases. Typically, manufacturers include additional components that improve the metabolism of cartilage tissue.

Chondroprotectors in injections

Injections of chondroprotectors are most effective in comparison with other forms of glucosamine and chondroitin. They are placed intramuscularly and intraarticularly. Injectable medications are a good alternative to oral medications if the patient has gastrointestinal diseases.

An intramuscular injection of a chondroprotector can be done independently or with the help of loved ones, but injection into the joint should only be carried out by an experienced medical professional.

Intra-articular administration of CP (usually with painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs) is considered the most effective. Chondroprotectors in injections help with synthesis disorders - when cartilage tissue stops producing substances necessary for the growth and hydration of cartilage.

Natural chondroprotectors in food

The human need for effective chondroprotectors is partially satisfied by food. To do this, the diet must include tendons, cartilage (joints, ears, etc.), bones, bone marrow, skin of animals and fish, rich bone broths - the best chondroprotectors among food products. It is believed that “marine” collagen has the greatest digestibility and benefits for cartilage tissue, so mollusks and crustaceans, anchovies and other small sea fish should be included in the diet in boiled form. An additional source of collagen can be dishes with the addition of edible gelatin - jelly, jellied meat, aspic. It is advisable to eat eggs (soft-boiled, not overcooked) every day, and eat beef, red fish, and cheese more often.

People with sore joints also benefit from plant collagen-like compounds, which are found in wheat sprouts, mushrooms, nuts, broccoli, and seaweed. It is worth increasing the content of citrus fruits and leafy greens in the diet.

Even daily consumption of chondroprotective products does not guarantee cartilage health if:

• metabolic disorders;
• high professional or domestic loads on the joint;
• age-related changes, when cartilage cells stop actively growing and multiplying.

In these cases, the menu should include medications - chondroprotectors with glucosamine and chondroitin. They can be taken even by patients who cannot consume fatty broths and jellied meats for health reasons.