Apples “Anise”: description and photos of Sverdlovsk, Scarlet, Striped and other varieties, features of cultivation, planting and other nuances

The Anise apple tree is found in all corners of the country.
Newly released varieties are not afraid of frost and grow well in gardens in regions with cold and temperate climates. The fruits of this variety are useful fresh, good in compotes, and used as a filling for pies and making various desserts. This article provides useful recommendations for growing apple trees.

Characteristics and description

The homeland of the Anise variety is the Volga region. More than 60 types of varieties share common characteristics :

at a young age, the apple tree has a spreading pyramidal crown, in a mature tree the crown becomes spherical;
leaves are glossy, rich green, with jagged edges;
trees are tall and powerful;
The tree bark is colored light brown.

History of selection

Anise is one of the oldest varieties of cultivated wild Volga apple trees. Long-term cultivation and cultivation of the breed on different soils has made it possible to create more than fifty different varieties of anise.

Since the end of the nineteenth century, many new examples of crossing classic anise with local wild anises have been presented at international breeding and fruit growing exhibitions in Russia.

Today, pure varieties of Anise Scarlet (according to the State Register) can be found mainly in the North-Western, Volga-Vyatka, and Middle Volga regions.

Peculiarities

Tree height . All varieties of the variety are tall, growing from 5 to 8 meters.
Crown width . The crown of mature trees reaches 6–7 meters.
Productivity . All types of Anise are high-yielding and bear fruit annually. Some people harvest up to 290 kilograms of apples from a tree at maturity. On old apple trees, the fruits become smaller and the yield decreases.
Tasting assessment . The taste qualities of apples are assessed by professional tasters. When rating from 1 to 5, the average score is calculated, which is indicated when describing the variety. Representatives of the Anise variety have an average tasting score of 4.5 on a five-point scale - very good taste.
Frost resistance . Anises are frost-resistant and can withstand temperatures down to -40 degrees. If the freezing of the tree is insignificant, then it is easily restored.
Self-fertility . Apple trees of the "Anise" variety are self-fertile varieties; they do not bear fruit without the help of bees and pollen from neighboring trees.
Timing of flowering and ripening . The variety of Anises includes early, mid-ripening and late varieties:
average species bloom at the end of May, harvesting at the end of September;
late species bloom in late May - early June, the harvest is harvested in late October - early November before the onset of severe frosts.

Care requirements

If you follow all the rules of care, the seedlings will quickly take root and begin to grow.

Watering

In the first months of its life, the apple tree is watered every other day so that the root system has time to take root and the tree begins to grow green mass. Water consumption - 1 bucket for one plant.

After two months, watering is carried out as the soil dries to a depth of 6-7 cm.

In adulthood (from 3 years) moisturize according to the following scheme:

early spring at the beginning of the growing season;
a couple of weeks before flowering, then after it ends;
at the stage of fruit filling;
after harvesting;
in the fall a month before the onset of persistent cold weather.

Mature trees are watered through grooves dug at a distance of 50 cm from the trunk. Consumption - 10 buckets per apple tree.

A day after watering, the soil is loosened, then mulched with peat or last year’s manure.

Feeding

After three years, the orchard begins to be fertilized. The apple tree grows well if it is fed with organic matter and mineral components. The amount of preparations is calculated for 10 liters of water:

Before the start of sap flow in the spring, a solution of ammonium nitrate is added under the tree trunk zone - 1 tbsp. l.;
in summer it is advisable to use a mixture of superphosphate (15 g) and potassium sulfate (10 g);
in the fall, use a mineral complex of nitroammophosphate (10 g), superphosphate and potassium salt - 15 g each.

A month before frost, a bucket of compost or last year's manure is placed under the tree trunk. All root feedings are combined with abundant watering to improve the absorption of nutrients.

Additionally, during the flowering phase, fruit-bearing trees are irrigated with Bud or Ovary. These products increase productivity.

Trimming

For this variety of apple tree, a sparsely tiered crown formation is carried out:

immediately after planting, cut the central conductor to 20 cm in length;
next year it is trimmed again, the branches for the bottom row are also selected - the 3 strongest ones are left, the rest are cut into a ring;
in the third year of cultivation, a second row of two shoots is formed, and the skeletal branches of the first tier and the trunk are also shortened by 15 cm.

Fertilizers increase productivity

Additionally, every spring, sanitary pruning is required - all frozen, shriveled branches damaged by diseases and pests are removed. The thickest ones are cut down, the small ones are cut off with sharp pruning shears.

To avoid infection, cut areas are irrigated with copper sulfate, then covered with garden varnish.

Prevention of diseases and pests

This fruit crop is often damaged by scab, powdery mildew and other fungal infections, so during the entire season it is necessary to carry out two preventive treatments before the vegetative buds begin to bloom and in the fall after leaf fall. Fungicides are used - Bordeaux mixture or copper sulfate.

For pests - moths, aphids, weevils, insecticides are used (Aktellik, Aktaru, Fundazol). Irrigate three times - in early spring, before flowering and at the stage of ovary formation.

It is important to avoid dense plantings, keep the garden clean, regularly loosen the soil and inspect for infections or harmful insects.

Main advantages and disadvantages

All varieties of Anise are endowed with a large number of advantages:

frost resistance;
high productivity;
excellent taste;
excellent presentation of the fruit;
good transportability;

The disadvantages of the variety include:

the need to plant pollinating apple trees;
defeat by powdery mildew;
If stored improperly, the fruits may become rotten.

Varieties of the variety: description and photo

Around the world, biologists count more than 150 species. They are all similar in appearance and have common features and properties. They differ in the characteristics of selection, taste, and aromatic shades. Let's look at the main types.

Striped

With proper agricultural technology, a hybrid that reaches twenty years of age produces up to 80 kilograms of apples. The fruits ripen towards the end of September.
The fruits are round or conical in shape and are light green with red and pink stripes.
The pulp of the fruit is sweet and sour, juicy, with an anise aroma. Apples are consumed fresh, canned, soaked and dried.
Fruits are well transported and can be stored from one to one and a half months without losing their taste.
A distinctive feature of the species is its resistance to infection by fungi.

Sverdlovsky

Early view. Grows in the Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk, Omsk, Perm regions, Udmurtia, Bashkiria and Mari El.
It is distinguished by a peculiar ovoid shape of the crown, growing up to five meters.
Blooms from mid to late May. Ripens in early September. Productivity – 70 kilograms of apples per tree.
The fruits are round in shape, weighing 100–120 grams. The fruit is yellow with a blurry bright red color on the top; a light waxy coating envelops the apple.
The pulp has an unobtrusive aroma, sweet and sour, juicy, pale cream color.
Apples are good for preparing a variety of preparations for the winter.
Fresh fruits are stored for 2 – 3 months.
Advantages: excellent presentation and good transportability.
The only drawback is that Sverdlovsky is very sensitive to the scab pathogen.

Purple

The purple variety of apples ripens in late autumn. The fruits are large, of an unusual purple color with blurry pink spaces.

Main characteristics:

beautiful presentation;
very juicy, pleasant-tasting pulp;
good transportability and keeping quality.

Pink

It differs from other species in its beautiful pink blush covering the entire surface of the fruit.

Scarlet

Late ripening variety. They are grown in the Central and Northwestern parts of Russia, the Volga-Vyatka zone, in the northern and eastern parts of the Volga region.
The variety is high-yielding, up to 250 kilograms of apples are obtained from a developed tree. Apples are harvested in late autumn three weeks before full ripening. The weight of apples is from 60 to 75 grams, the fruits are covered with a bluish coating.
The pulp is fine-grained, white, with a greenish tint. The taste is harmonious, sweet and sour.
Fruits are consumed fresh or used for processing.
Stores well in a cold place for 3 - 3.5 months.
Aloe has great breeding capabilities; a huge number of modern popular varieties have been bred on its basis: Daughter of Papirovka, Solntsedar, Chernenko and many others.
Easy to care for, Scarlet Anise grows in almost any soil.

Khabarovsk

Early autumn variety, harvested in September. The fruits are pale golden in color with a dark pink uneven blush.

Read about other autumn varieties in the material at the link.

Video

We invite you to watch several videos filmed by an experienced gardener from Siberia (Kemerovo region), who is ready to share his opinion about the Sverdlovsk Anis apple tree and recommendations for growing other proven varieties:

For several years she worked as a television program editor with leading producers of ornamental plants in Ukraine. At the dacha, of all types of agricultural work, she prefers harvesting, but for this she is ready to regularly weed, pull, shed, water, tie, thin out, etc. I am convinced that the most delicious vegetables and fruits are those grown with your own hands!

Found a mistake? Select the text with the mouse and click:

Convenient Android applications have been developed to help gardeners and gardeners. First of all, these are sowing (lunar, flower, etc.) calendars, thematic magazines, and collections of useful tips. With their help, you can choose a day favorable for planting each type of plant, determine the timing of their ripening and harvest on time.

Humus is rotted manure or bird droppings. It is prepared like this: the manure is piled up in a heap or pile, layered with sawdust, peat and garden soil. The pile is covered with film to stabilize temperature and humidity (this is necessary to increase the activity of microorganisms). The fertilizer “ripens” within 2-5 years, depending on external conditions and the composition of the feedstock. The output is a loose, homogeneous mass with a pleasant smell of fresh earth.

One of the most convenient methods for preparing a harvest of vegetables, fruits and berries is freezing. Some believe that freezing causes the nutritional and health benefits of plant foods to be lost. As a result of the research, scientists have found that there is practically no decrease in nutritional value when frozen.

A new product from American developers is the Tertill robot, which weeds weeds in the garden. The device was invented under the leadership of John Downes (creator of the robot vacuum cleaner) and works autonomously in all weather conditions, moving over uneven surfaces on wheels. At the same time, it cuts off all plants below 3 cm with the built-in trimmer.

You need to collect medicinal flowers and inflorescences at the very beginning of the flowering period, when the content of nutrients in them is highest. Flowers are supposed to be picked by hand, tearing off the rough stalks. Dry the collected flowers and herbs, scattered in a thin layer, in a cool room at natural temperature without access to direct sunlight.

In Australia, scientists have begun experiments in cloning several varieties of grapes grown in cold regions. Climate warming, which is predicted for the next 50 years, will lead to their disappearance. Australian varieties have excellent characteristics for winemaking and are not susceptible to diseases common in Europe and America.

Oklahoma farmer Carl Burns developed an unusual variety of multi-colored corn called Rainbow Corn. The grains on each cob are of different colors and shades: brown, pink, purple, blue, green, etc. This result was achieved through many years of selecting the most colored ordinary varieties and crossing them.

Compost is rotted organic remains of various origins. How to do it? They put everything in a heap, hole or large box: kitchen scraps, tops of garden crops, weeds cut before flowering, thin twigs. All this is layered with phosphate rock, sometimes straw, earth or peat. (Some summer residents add special composting accelerators.) Cover with film. During the process of overheating, the pile is periodically turned or pierced to bring in fresh air. Typically, compost “ripens” for 2 years, but with modern additives it can be ready in one summer season.

Both humus and compost are rightfully the basis of organic farming. Their presence in the soil significantly increases the yield and improves the taste of vegetables and fruits. They are very similar in properties and appearance, but they should not be confused. Humus is rotted manure or bird droppings. Compost is rotted organic remains of various origins (spoiled food from the kitchen, tops, weeds, thin twigs). Humus is considered a higher quality fertilizer; compost is more accessible.

Source

Reviews

Evgeniy : “Relatives from Siberia praise it, since only Anis can survive in frosty winters.”
Petrovich : “The fruits are very tasty.”
Inna : “I received the Scarlet hybrid as a gift, and in the 4th year I collected the first harvest. I like the winter preparations made from it.”
Dan : “I like varieties with sourness - Polosaty, Sverdlovsky. I harvest a great harvest and make delicious jam from apples.”
Tamara : “Apple trees winter well, the fruits are delicious. The only negative is the trees’ susceptibility to scab.”

Read about other popular varieties of apples – “Antonovka”, “Borovinka”, “Kitayka”, “Melba”, Cinnamon-striped in the materials at the links.

Region of growth

It is widely cultivated on Russian non-chernozem lands and in the northwestern lands (with the exception of Arkhangelsk, Vologda, and Oryol territories).

In the Middle Volga region it is an early winter variety; in areas with milder climates it ripens in mid-autumn.

The fruits of trees growing in the southern orchards of the Voronezh region reach ripeness by the end of August, but do not have the long shelf life characteristic of the variety: picked apples retain consumer attractiveness for no longer than a month.

Find out everything about the varieties of apple trees Melba, Augusta and Aelita, suitable for planting in all regions of Russia.

Growing

Landing

Apple tree seedlings can be planted in the spring, when the soil warms up to +8 degrees, or in the fall at the end of October - beginning of November, until the temperature drops below zero degrees.

Seedlings selected for planting must meet the following parameters:

optimal plant height is from 50 to 70 centimeters;
2-3 lateral shoots extend from the trunk;
the trunk is brown, light green when cut, smooth, without cracks or peeling;
the root system has from 5 to 15 formed main roots;
the graft is located 7-8 centimeters above the root.

Apple trees are planted on loose, breathable soils.

pour half of the prepared mixture of fertile soil, compost, humus and peat into the prepared hole;
a seedling is placed on a hill so that the root collar rises three centimeters above the soil level;
The hole is filled with the remaining mixture, periodically gently shaking the tree so that the soil crumbles evenly and fills the voids;
the seedling is tied to a peg;
the soil around is trampled down, watered and covered with mulch using moss, sawdust, humus, and peat.

Expert opinion

Mitrokhin Ilya Igorevich

Machine operator by profession, owner of a vegetable growing business

When planting in spring, regular watering is required . For the first month, water one bucket of water per plant every week, then once a month. If there is no rain for a long time, the amount of watering must be doubled.

Need for transplant

It is advisable to plant the tree immediately in the right place; when replanting, the root system can be damaged and the apple tree will die.

But if there is a need for replanting when redeveloping the garden, you need to act very carefully:

Seedlings of the first year of life can easily tolerate transplantation.
At the age of two to three years, the trees need to be replanted with a large lump of earth so as not to touch the roots.
At an older age, replanting can damage the root system, which will lead to the death of the tree.

How to choose a seedling

When purchasing planting material from a gardening nursery, you should select trees according to the following criteria:

age 1-2 years;
the crown of one-year-old seedlings consists of 1-3 branches, and of two-year-old seedlings - 4-5 shoots;
the buds should be fresh, green, but not open; the more the leaf is visible, the less the survival rate of the apple tree;
the root system is well developed, if the roots are dried out, it is better to refuse such a seedling;
the graft on a healthy tree is located above 7-8 buds from the root collar;
the root does not contain cracks, breaks, peeling, ulcers or growths;
the optimal height is 1.5 m.

As practice shows, the best planting material is a plant with closed roots - in an earthen coma, wrapped in burlap or in a container. Such a tree takes root better than a seedling with an open underground part.

Top dressing

An important component of caring for apple trees is plant nutrition. Fertilizers are applied several times per season .

Before the buds open, the trees are watered with a solution of superphosphate and potassium sulfate. 200 grams of superphosphate and 250 grams of potassium sulfate are dissolved in 40 liters of water.
Before flowering begins, two buckets of humus and 450 grams of urea are added to the soil at a distance of 60 centimeters from the tree.
During fruit ripening, trees are watered with a solution of sodium hummate and nitrophoska. To prepare a solution for 30 liters of water, take 10 grams of potassium hummate and 200 grams of nitrophoska.
In autumn, during rains, 300 grams of superphosphate and 300 grams of potassium sulfate are scattered around the tree. If the weather is dry and there is not enough moisture, the fertilizer is diluted in 30 liters of water and the apple tree is watered with the prepared solution.

Diseases and pests

Most types of Anise if not properly cared for:

affected by powdery mildew;
exposed to fungal diseases;
prone to scab infection.

To prevent disease and protect against pests, preventive measures are carried out:

After harvesting, the trunk and lower branches are whitened. Whitewash protects the trunk of the apple tree from attacks by rodents and kills pathogens.
In spring, cut off broken and damaged branches. In summer, weak side shoots are pinched. In the fall, the tree crown is thinned out. The affected ones are removed and the developed skeletal branches are left.
Apple trees are sprayed with 1% Bordeaux mixture to prevent the spread of diseases.

In the variety of types of Anise apples, every gardener will find a tree he likes for his garden. The attractiveness of the variety lies in its easy care. By following simple rules, a beginner in gardening will grow an apple tree and get a good harvest. Apply the acquired knowledge in practice and tasty healthy fruits will always be on your table.

What type does it belong to?

Fruit

in the central and northwestern regions, as well as in the middle and upper Volga region - winter consumption period, in the middle part of the Lower Volga region - autumn, and in the south of the Lower Volga region - summer.

It is famous for its unpretentiousness to soil quality, good yield, and long productive period.

The variety is self-sterile.

For good harvests it is necessary to surround with the following varieties: Antonovka, Cinnamon striped, Borovinka.