Description of black and red currant varieties Ilyinka, cultivation technology

Main advantages and disadvantages

Like all currant varieties, Ilyinka has its own positive and negative characteristics. There are much more of the former than the latter.

Black and red currant berries are transported very well and do not wrinkle. But if we talk about the demand for these two berries, then gardeners are more interested in the black variety Ilyinka.

Black currant

Black currant (Ribes nigrum) is the most common and widely known type of currant in cultivation. The leaves have a characteristic smell, and the black-colored fruits have a characteristic taste. Through the efforts of domestic and foreign breeders, numerous varieties have been obtained, differing in the height and shape of the bush, resistance to diseases and pests, yield, size, taste, biochemical composition of the fruit, etc.

Black currant is a well-known and popular species with many varieties.

The most famous varieties of black currant : Early Altai, Bagira, Biryulevskaya, Vinogradnaya, Vologda, Recollection, Golubka, Dobrynya, Green Haze, Little Prince, Heiress, Nymph, Oryol Serenade, Otradnaya, Memory of Michurin, Perun, Primorsky Champion, Constellation, Sofia, Tamerlane, Tatiana's Day, Fairy of the Night, Enchantress, Black Pearl, Minx, Exotic, Elevensta, Vigorous, Yakutskaya.

In our catalog, which contains products from large online stores of planting material and seeds, you can choose proven blackcurrant varieties and new selections. Choose blackcurrant varieties .

Recently, black currants have often been crossed with closely related species - p. American (R. americanum), p. Siberian grouse (R. dikuscha), p. few-flowered (R. pauciflorum) and others. The T.V. received are very unusual. Zhidekhina at the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Horticulture named after. I.V. Michurina (Michurinsk) green-fruited varieties of black currant (Inca Gold, Emerald Necklace, Tear of Isis). Their fruits lack pigments, which determines the color of the berries and their hypoallergenic properties. The consistency of the pulp and the taste of ripe “green” berries are practically indistinguishable from dark-colored ones.

Cleaning and storage

Ripe berries are harvested only in dry weather. You can collect the bunches entirely, for further transportation, or partially - if the berries do not ripen at the same time (ripen during storage).

If the currants are intended for processing (jam, compotes, juices), only the berries are picked.

• in refrigerators at a temperature of 0 to 0.5 ° C, with a humidity of 85-90%. This way it can be stored for up to five weeks;
• in cellars, basements, glaciers at 0 ° C, in sealed bags. Shelf life – 2 months;
• in the freezer at -2 °C. In bags or containers for freezing. Stored until the next harvest.

The Ilyinka variety is in great demand among gardeners, as it has a lot of positive qualities. If you follow the rules of planting and caring for it, you can harvest it every year.

Well, what’s a dacha without berries! Since childhood I love red currants! I’ll present you with another variety that I love—Ilyinka currant! I bought it from my grandfather at the market. He praised me very much. I bought it. Then I read about this variety. The description of the variety pleased me! She is also pleased with the harvest!

Here she is, my beauty, ILYINKA!

A mid-season self-fertile variety, characterized by excellent yield and frost resistance. Medium-sized bushes produce impressive (up to 1.6 g), even and incredibly tasty fruits. Owners of Ilyinka currants do not have to worry about being affected by powdery mildew, anthracnose and most pests.

Lucky, so lucky, I thought! I recommend it to those who love red currants! You will be satisfied too!

Harvesting and transportation, keeping quality of berries

The berries are picked only in dry weather. It is allowed to collect the bunches entirely (this is how they are usually collected for further transportation), or partially, if they ripen at different times. If you plan to process the currants (cook compotes, jam or make juice), pick the berries separately.

Storage periods depend on its method:

As you can see, difficulties may arise when growing currants, but you should not be afraid of this; strict adherence to the rules of planting and care will allow you to regularly harvest a generous harvest of tasty and healthy berries.

Source

Red currant for the Moscow region

The fairly favorable climate of the middle zone allows the cultivation of a wide variety of types of red currants: from early to late, from small to large, from frost-resistant to fragile and demanding.

Best options for the Moscow region:

1. A distinctive feature of the Vika variety is its high yield, although the berries are not too large. The fruits are bright red, quite sweet, with a high content of vitamin C. They ripen by the end of June. The bush is medium-sized, strong, develops well both in the sun and in partial shade, and is not picky about the soil.
2. Valentinovka is a currant with rich red berries that ripen in August. It boasts densely leafy, erect branches. The shoots are characterized by a light pinkish tan, while the leaves have strong pubescence on the underside. The bush is self-pollinating. The plant is strong, bushy, resistant to short droughts and cold snaps. The berries are medium-sized, easily transportable, rich in organic acids and sugars.

This is one of the rare varieties characterized by a high content of pectin substances. They neutralize and then remove the heavy metal salts accumulated in the body.

1. Ilyinka is a large-fruited variety of medium ripening period. The fruits reach a weight of 1.6 g. A distinctive feature of Ilyinka berries is not only their size, but also their color and taste. The fruits are rich red, wine-like, tart.
2. The red, medium-growing Asora currant is distinguished by spreading branches and dark red berries. The fruit cluster is dense with a long petiole and a thin axis. Withstands moderate cold in the middle zone, is not afraid of pests and diseases. Belongs to late-ripening varieties. It is recommended to collect in 2-3 doses due to the uneven ripening of berry clusters.
3. Konstantinovskaya has a spreading bush of medium size, light green rounded foliage. Up to 14 berries weighing 0.6 - 0.8 g are formed in a brush. Their seeds are large and the taste is good. During the season, 2.5 kg is collected from the bush, the beginning of ripening is the first half of July. The variety is winter-hardy, resistant to many fungal diseases.
4. Description of the variety Versailles White: strong, but prefers a mild climate, since in winter and spring it can freeze slightly during recurrent frosts. Demanding on the amount of moisture, during drought periods it is not resistant to anthracnose. The berries are large, yellowish-white, with delicate pulp and a slightly sour dessert taste.

In addition to the listed varieties, medium-yielding Cascade (up to 3.5 kg) and early-ripening Serpentine are chosen for the Moscow region. Gardeners value Alpha for its large fruits weighing up to 1.5 g and its resistance to prolonged spring frosts. Drum attracts with its low, even branches and dense fruit clusters up to 7 cm long.

Video with characteristics of the Rowada variety.

To get a decent harvest, summer residents have to take into account not only the rules of planting, but also harvesting. Berries on young bushes, where the clusters are evenly illuminated, ripen faster and more smoothly than on old ones, where the degree of shading is higher. Collection is carried out with whole brushes in 2-3 steps. Fully colored fruits should not be left on the branches for a long time, otherwise they will dry out or begin to crumble.

Agricultural technology

To get a good harvest, you need to take care of the plant. The black one, like the red one, has some peculiarities in its care. In particular, the right place for growing, as well as fertilizing and soil composition are important for this crop.

Choosing a place and landing

Any large-fruited variety is planted at the end of the growing season (late summer - early autumn). Planting in spring is also possible, but the period of work at this time is very limited. The sweet variety of currants is not picky: it grows and produces crops anywhere. But it is better that the site is well lit and even located on a small hill (you can build it yourself).

The soil should be breathable, with a low level of acidity. Both light loams and sandy loams are suitable for planting. Groundwater should not be near the roots, so lowlands are not suitable for planting currants.

The bulk of fertilizers are placed immediately upon planting: in pits and adjacent areas.

To do this take:

• humus or compost - 1.5 buckets;
• superphosphate - 200 g;
• wood ash - 1 liter jar.

Ash can be replaced with potash fertilizers (30–40 g).

Holes are dug with a diameter and depth of 40 cm. If several bushes are planted, 1.5 m of space is left between them. There is no need to store more space - the bushes are compact. The seedling must be healthy, 2–3 years old. The main thing in it is the root system. It should be elastic, intact and well developed. Cuttings are delivered to the site in plastic bags.

The landing process itself is quite simple:

1. The tips of the roots are trimmed by 3–4 cm. If the root is large, more can be done. Then the cuttings are soaked for 2–3 hours. After this, the root system is dipped into a clay mash. This will speed up the establishment of the bush.
2. All leaves are removed from the seedling, and the branches are shortened by about 1/3.
3. Soil is dug out of the hole enough to place the seedling shallowly at an angle of 45°.
4. The bush is placed in a hole and the root system is straightened. It should go 6–8 cm deep. Carefully cover the roots with the soil mixture, trying to avoid air voids
5. The planting is watered with a bucket of water. Then a roller is formed along the edges of the hole and watered again. The soil is finally mulched with sawdust, straw, hay or peat.

How to prepare a plantation for wintering?

To ensure a good wintering for the plantation, it is necessary to carry out proper preparation.

1. In order for the plants to free themselves from leaves, watering is stopped several weeks before the onset of cold weather.
2. The old mulch layer is removed and the soil is cleared of fallen leaves.
3. The branches are shortened to 15 centimeters, if such a procedure was not carried out last season.
4. The soil is loosened and fertilizers made from potassium and phosphorus elements are applied, if the plant was not fed immediately after picking the berries.
5. Add new mulch in the form of sawdust or leaves of ornamental trees so that the layer does not touch the branches.
6. In severe frosts, in northern places, the branches must be bent to the ground.

Characteristics

Main characteristics of the variety:

1. The crop is adapted to unfavorable climatic conditions, is characterized by high frost resistance, overwinters without losses, and is not afraid of return frosts.
2. It does not suffer from heat and drought; the roots are able to provide the bush with the necessary moisture.
3. It has a strong immune system and is highly resistant to fungal diseases. Not afraid of anthracnose and powdery mildew, slightly affected by septoria. The variety is resistant to insect pests.
4. It blooms in the 1st-2nd decade of May, the technical ripeness phase begins at the end of June-July, depending on the climatic conditions of the area.
5. The crop is self-fertile, the flowers are pollinated mainly by bees and bumblebees.

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Absolutely loves gardening and grows only organic vegetables

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In the second year after planting, the seedling forms signal fruits, and in the third year it produces a full harvest. The bush bears fruit annually. The berries in the clusters ripen at the same time. In relatively warm regions, ripe currants are harvested at the end of June, in cold climates - in July. Productivity is high; with proper care, fruiting is stable within 5 kg/bush.

The nuances of harvesting and storing berries:

• 
  currants are harvested in dry weather, berries of the “Ilyinka” variety are removed mechanically or manually;

• For transportation and storage, whole fruit clusters can be torn off;
• Suitable containers include shallow plastic boxes, baskets, small cardboard boxes, and flat containers;
• the collected product should be protected from direct sunlight;
• Shelf life in the refrigerator is 4-7 days at t 0...+5°C, up to 30 days at t 0...+1°C, in the freezer - 10-12 months.

To store them in the refrigerator, the berries are poured in a small layer into a tray made of plastic, glass or ceramics. They are sent to the freezer on a single layer for pre-freezing, then placed in an airtight container in the form of a plastic container or zip bag.

Advantages and disadvantages

Many gardeners fell in love with this variety for the following advantages:

• high content of vitamins and pectin in berries;
• return of stable high yields;
• frost resistance;
• the presence of beautiful golden flowers decorating the area;
• maximum safety during transportation;
• withstand high humidity and sudden temperature changes;
• immunity to anthracnose, kidney mite.

Black pearl is a hardened and winter-hardy variety, because the selection was made in the latitudes of Siberia. But the variety is already considered obsolete due to the development of newer species. Although gardeners still prefer and love it for its many advantages.



Nuances of care

The table shows the range of work required to care for the plant:

A properly formed shrub has a wide base with strong central stems and young shoots along the perimeter.

Preparing for winter

“Ilyinka” winters safely without shelter. Pre-winter work includes preventive treatment against diseases and pests, and moisture-recharging irrigation.

Nuances of preparing for winter:

• to prevent fungal diseases, before frosty weather sets in, the plant is sprayed with a urea solution in the proportion of 0.5 cups of the substance per 10 liters of water;
• In late autumn, the bush is tied with twine from the base so that the branches do not break under the snow.

Before the upper layers of the soil freeze, carry out moisture-charging irrigation by pouring 6-8 buckets of water under the bush.

Benefits of red currants

In many European countries, red currant plantings, compared to other varieties, occupy large areas. And every year the popularity of this culture is increasing. In the USA, the cultivation and processing of this garden crop has completely grown into an industrial scale. Now this not only useful, but also beautiful berry decorates our areas and provides us with vitamins.

The growing conditions for any currant - black, white or red - are similar, but there are still some differences that speak in favor of the latter.

Red has a number of advantages:

1. It is more resistant to frost and other adverse weather conditions.
2. It is practically not susceptible to diseases and damage by pests (unlike black currants).
3. These varieties are more productive and productive. The branches of red varieties live longer, which means they bear more fruit. In addition, they form brushes along the entire length of the branches, which also affects the amount of harvest.
4. The roots are located deeper than those of the black one. This protects them from damage during weeding and loosening, and also better provides the plant with moisture.
5. Most varieties are self-fertile and harvests can be obtained with just one plant. Planting several copies helps to significantly increase the amount of harvest.

Plantings of high varieties of currants will become a hedge, and green, compact bushes will become a decorative element on the site. When the harvest is ripe, these bright scarlet, shiny beads on thin tassels will become a real decoration for your garden and a wonderful dessert. A good variety and a little effort - and you can have a beautiful, tasty, healthy berry on your table at any time of the year!

Introduction

To make the task easier, you need to be guided by important criteria that help you make the right choice.

Crop varieties differ in several ways:

• Dates of ripening of berries . By planting bushes with different fruiting periods on your site, you can have fresh berries throughout the season.
• Requirements for growing conditions. Unpretentious and productive species are always in demand. They are less susceptible to diseases and tolerate climatic changes better. Such qualities as winter hardiness and the ability to withstand heat are highly valued.
• Fruit size. Large fruit attracts not only the size of the berries, but also the opportunity to get a high yield.

Taking into account all these criteria, let's move on to a detailed description of the recommended types of currants. For a plot, it is enough to select 2-3 varieties of crops of different ripening periods. At the same time, preference should be given to species that are unpretentious to growing conditions and productive.

The largest fruited varieties

When one blackcurrant berry weighs more than 1.5 g, the variety is classified as large-fruited. Some of these varieties are also frost-resistant, easily adapting to heat and low humidity.

Vigorous

Elite large-fruited currant variety. The weight of the berries reaches 8 g. The Yadrenaya harvest ripens at the end of July, about 6 kg is collected from each bush. The advantages of the variety include:

• dense and elastic pulp;
• self-pollinating;
• stable immunity to kidney mites.

Gardeners also note significant disadvantages of Yadrenaya:

• high requirements for care, systematic pruning;
• the need to renew the plant every 5–7 years;
• non-one-dimensional berries on the brush;
• impossibility of transporting fruits;
• sour taste of berries;
• susceptibility to powdery mildew.

The black currant variety Yadryonaya is popular due to the large size of the berries.

Dobrynya

The weight of the largest berries of the variety is 7 g. By mid-May, currants bloom, harvesting begins after July 15. One bush can produce more than 2 kg of berries. The undeniable advantages of Dobrynya, in addition to this, include:

• dry separation of fruits, as well as their dense peel. These features are important for ease of transportation;
• pleasant aroma;
• sweet and sour aftertaste;
• plant immunity to powdery mildew.

Disadvantages of the variety:

• young cuttings take root poorly;
• demanding of soil care and fertility;
• affected by kidney mites;
• fruits ripen at different times;
• The berries on the cluster are not uniform in size and size.

Black currant Dobrynya - video

Selechenskaya-2

This is an early currant with a fruit weight of about 6 g. It produces a good harvest of about 4 kg of sweet, slightly sour berries. Moreover, they can easily withstand transportation. The bush practically does not suffer from powdery mildew.

Selechenskaya-2 - one of the best varieties of currant - video

Black Pearl

The weight of the berry is close to 5 g. The yield is sufficient: one plant yields an average of 4 kg.

Other valuable qualities of the variety:

• the fruits are easily transported. This is facilitated by the dryness of the berries;
• harvesting can be mechanized;
• undemanding to agricultural technology;
• resistant to diseases such as anthracnose and kidney mite.

Cons of Black Pearl:

• gradual harvesting due to non-simultaneous maturation of the cluster;
• faint currant aroma;
• sour aftertaste.

Currant berries of the Black Pearl variety have a round shape and weigh up to 5 g

The first sweet berry - early ripening varieties

Early currants ripen in late June - early July. For planting, it is better to select species adapted to the region in which the crop will grow and bear fruit. You can diversify your berry garden very easily - plant not only black bushes, but add red or white ones.

In this case, the harvested crop will satisfy every taste.

Types of black currants for early summer

Among the best popular varieties with black fruits it is worth noting:

"Exotica"

Exotic A plant with an erect compact bush that grows up to 1 – 1.5 meters. Gardeners are attracted to large, one-dimensional sweet and sour berries with thin skin. The weight of one berry reaches 3.0 – 3.5 g,

The total yield per bush is up to 1.5 kg. It begins to bloom in May, and the fruits are ready for tasting in early July. Agricultural cultivation technology is classic; no additional knowledge is required.

PROS:

• Self-fertility.
• Resistance to winter cold.
• Large fruit.
• Ability to resist powdery mildew and columnar rust well.

MINUSES:

• Susceptibility to bud mite, anthracnose, terry.

"Izyumnaya"

Raisin The name very accurately characterizes the taste of ripe fruits, reminiscent of sweet raisins. The plant forms a slightly spreading bush up to 1.5 meters high. The yield is average - from 1.7 to 2 kg per bush, the berries ripen in early July.

PROS:

• Winter hardiness, frost resistance.
• Tolerates drought well.
• Large fruit.
• Resistance to powdery mildew.

MINUSES:

• Difficulties in propagating the variety by cuttings, they do not take root well.

"Selechinskaya 2"

Selechinskaya 2 This variety allows you to collect up to 5 kg of large sweet berries from one bush. Equally tolerates the climatic conditions of any region.

PROS:

• A very heat-resistant variety.
• High-yielding.
• Large-fruited.
• An erect bush that does not require staking.

MINUSES:

• No obvious ones were identified.

Before purchasing a currant variety for planting on your site, you need to familiarize yourself with the basic requirements of the crop’s agricultural technology.

Proper watering of black and red currant bushes

Black currant, more than other berry bushes, places increased demands on soil and air moisture. Under natural conditions, wild forms of currants grow along river banks, in low-moisture areas, etc. It can grow and bear fruit abundantly in areas where the capillary rise of moisture from groundwater reaches the root system. However, this is not always observed, but under a combination of certain conditions. Ground water should be running, fresh or slightly mineralized (salts no more than 0.5-0.6 g/l). Blackcurrant does not tolerate harmful alkaline and neutral salts, but also calcium bicarbonates, which may be contained in ground or irrigation water.

Red currants, unlike black currants, are more resistant to a lack of soil moisture and tolerate increased dry air less painfully. The timing of watering currant bushes, like other crops, is determined by the state of soil moisture in connection with phenophases. A great need for moisture in currants is observed during the period of shoot growth, formation and filling of berries. The growth of shoots in years with normal moisture levels usually occurs with a sufficient supply of moisture, and by the time the berries are formed, the moisture reserves are depleted. Lack of proper watering of currants during this period greatly reduces the yield. The berries are small, dry, with dense skin and a small amount of pulp, that is, of low commercial quality. Lack of moisture in the second half of the growing season negatively affects the formation of flower buds, the accumulation of plastic substances, and the growth and fruiting of plants the following year. In average years of moisture, black and red currants require 4-5 waterings: during the formation of ovaries (June - 1 watering), filling and ripening of berries (July - 2 waterings), after harvest (August) and in September. The bulk of currant roots lie to a depth of 40-45 cm. When watering red and black currants, the soil is soaked to a depth of 50 cm. The irrigation rate is 400-500 m3/ha, or 4-5 buckets per 1 m2. The best method of watering is sprinkling. Furrow irrigation is also used.

Landing Features

Even such an unpretentious crop as currants should be planted correctly in order to ensure high yields in the future.

Deadlines

Black currants with a closed root system can be planted throughout the growing season. Bare-rooted seedlings are planted in spring or autumn. Experts recommend doing this from late September to mid-October. In spring, bushes should be planted before sap begins to flow.

Did you know? In the old days, currants were called “monastery berries” because monks cultivated them and they grew in many gardens at monasteries.

Conditions

To obtain maximum yields, currant bushes need to be provided with enough moisture and lighting. At the same time, overwatering should be avoided. The period of illumination of plantings must be at least 12 hours. The best soils are fertile and loose, with a neutral or slightly acidic reaction.

Choosing a suitable location

For currants, you should choose a well-lit place. In areas with hot, sunny summers, you can choose partial shade. Water should not stagnate in the chosen location, and groundwater should be no closer than 1–1.5 m.

Selection and preparation of seedlings

It is best to purchase currant seedlings from nearby specialized nurseries. In them you are guaranteed to buy the variety that is declared, and it will be adapted to local conditions.

Important! If you allow the root system to dry out, it must be soaked in a solution of “Kornevin”, “Heteroauxin”, or simply in water. You should choose seedlings 1-2 years old with well-developed roots of at least 20 cm. They should have about 3-5 woody branches

The branches of good currant seedlings bend and do not break, and the bark has an even color without spots or peeling. If you pick it off, you will find greenish wood underneath. The roots should be kept moist and should not be allowed to dry out.

They should have about 3-5 woody branches. The branches of good currant seedlings bend and do not break, and the bark has an even color without spots or peeling. If you pick it off, you will find greenish wood underneath. The roots should be kept moist and should not be allowed to dry out.

You should choose seedlings 1-2 years old with well-developed roots of at least 20 cm. They should have about 3-5 woody branches. The branches of good currant seedlings bend and do not break, and the bark has an even color without spots or peeling. If you pick it off, you will find greenish wood underneath. The roots should be kept moist and should not be allowed to dry out.

Landing algorithm

First you need to prepare the area. They dig it up, removing weeds. When digging, add organic matter - compost or humus.

Find out where to plant currants - in the shade or in the sun. The process of planting currant seedlings is as follows:

1. 14 days before planting the planting material, you need to dig holes 0.6 m wide and 0.4 m deep. A gap of at least 1 m is maintained between the bushes in the row, and 2 m between the rows. Do not thicken the plantings, as how this can provoke the appearance of fungal diseases.
2. Mix the top soil from the dug holes with humus or compost (1/2 bucket per 1 seedling), add 2 tbsp. l. double superphosphate and 1–1.5 cups of wood ash. Fill 2/3 of the hole with this soil mixture, and after 14 days the soil will shrink.
3. The seedlings are placed in dug holes, carefully placing the roots inside. The planting material is covered with prepared nutrient soil, compacting it. The root collar must be deepened by 4.5–5 cm. This planting activates the germination of buds at the base of the bush and the formation of a developed root system.
4. A hole is formed around each bush and watered. 1 plant requires about 6 liters of liquid.
5. After completing the work, it is advisable to mulch the soil around each bush. Then the shoots of the seedlings must be cut off at the level of the third bud from the base of the bush.

Recipes from black currants, its preparation for the winter

You can make a lot of useful products from black currants: homemade wine, pie filling, preserves, jams, compotes, fruit drinks and jellies. There are plenty of recipes for preparing blackcurrants; they can be frozen and preserved.

The berry is a universal storehouse of vitamins and microelements; it contains a huge amount of vitamin C. Blackcurrant recipes for the winter should be aimed at preserving the berry in its original form and preserving its vitamins to the maximum.

Blackcurrant wine, recipe

Making homemade blackcurrant wine is not difficult; to do this, you need to know a simple recipe for making a wine drink.

Selected but not washed currant berries are crushed to a porridge state, water is added to them (two parts berries, three parts water) and one part sugar in syrup prepared in a water bath and cooled to room temperature. The mixture is placed in a fermentation glass container, filling no more than two-thirds, since the fermentation of the berries is active. Cover the bottle with liquid with a gauze towel and leave it in a dark place for a week, stirring the contents several times a day. Fermentation of currant wort is carried out until it is clarified.

The fermented wort is filtered through a saucepan or cheesecloth, the liquid is tested for sugar, and then poured into glass bottles with a water seal, filling the container halfway. The new wine is tasted every week and sugar syrup is added as needed.

The full fermentation phase lasts about two weeks. The end of fermentation will be indicated by a water seal; it will not release bubbles. Afterwards, the drink is filtered to get rid of sediment, poured into containers and tightly closed. Store young wine in a dark place, avoiding heating the drink.

Blackcurrant jam and pie filling

Black currants are also good in jam. Black currants make extremely tasty jam. The berries are sorted, washed, placed in an enamel container, covered with sugar (per kg of berries, kg of sugar), pour in 100 ml. water. Stirring occasionally, bring the jam to a boil and then pour it into jars for preservation.

Blackcurrant compote

The washed berries are poured into a saucepan with water, brought to a boil over low heat, and while boiling, sugar is added to taste. Preservation of blackcurrant compote for the winter is carried out using classical canning technology. Currant berries are poured into sterilized jars, water and sugar are brought to a boil and poured into the berries, the jars are twisted, turned upside down and wrapped for 12 hours.

Blackcurrant tincture

Blackcurrant tincture is easy and quick to prepare. The berries are mashed, transferred to a glass container with a wide neck, poured with vodka and left in a dark place for about two weeks.

After filtration, the tincture is stored in a glass container at a temperature not exceeding +10.

Blackcurrant jelly

I grind the currant berries to a puree and pass through a gauze cloth or sieve. Then sugar is added to the mass and boiled for 5 minutes. over low heat. Afterwards, the jelly-like mass is placed in a sterilized glass container and hermetically sealed.

Description of the variety

Black currant "Ilyinka" is a medium-sized, semi-spreading shrub.

External features of the plant:

1. The bush grows up to 1.5-1.7 m and forms a compact pyramidal crown.
2. The stems are powerful with gray-brown bark, slightly curved, and do not require support.
3. The leaf blades are medium-sized, wrinkled, palmate-lobed with serrated edges. The color of the foliage varies from rich green to yellowish-light green.
4. Fruit clusters are long (5-8 cm) on strong petioles.
5. The flowers on the racemes are small with five petals of gray-beige color, cross-pollinated by insects.

This blackcurrant variety is self-fertile, pollination rate is up to 70%.

Reproduction

Currant of the Gross variety is a self-fertile plant, and if you were able to plant only one bush, do not be upset, black currant reproduces well and very soon you will get the number of plants of this excellent variety that you need.

The Gross currant has a spreading bush, and if you press a low-lying branch to the soil, by the fall it will grow into a fully-fledged young plant. It is better to separate it from the mother plant in the spring, immediately before planting.

Sprawling currant bushes have a feature that you need to remember if you skip loosening - branches lying on the ground begin to take root. To avoid this, many gardeners build a frame that supports the lower branches above the soil.

By the way, black currants not only get along well with red currants, but these berries can complement each other perfectly

Pay attention to such common varieties as Andreichenko, Natalie, Beloved and Marmeladnitsa

Blood red currant

The homeland of the species is the western part of North America. Under natural conditions, blood-red currant (Ribes sanguineum) is a shrub 2-3 m high (in the central part of Russia, as a rule, it does not exceed 1.5 m). The leaves are 3-5-lobed, dark green, white-tomentose underneath. Leaf petioles are pubescent and glandular. Blooms in May for 3-4 weeks.

Blood red currant

The flowers are fragrant, five-membered, usually red (there are forms with white, pink, purple, double flowers). The fruits are black, covered with a rich waxy coating, which makes them look bluish. They ripen in August. Several varieties are found in cultivation ('King Edward VII', 'Pulborough Scarlet' and some others).

Description and characteristics of Ilyinka currant

To plant Ilyinka currants in your garden, you need to study the description of the variety. Breeders developed the Ilyinka variety in two colors: red and black. Almost all of their characteristics are the same, but there are some differences.

Ilyinka red

This variety is suitable for regions with a cool climate. Tolerates frosty winters and dry summers well. The bush is dense, medium in size and branched, bears fruit annually. In mid-summer, large berries (weighing about 1.6 grams each), which have a dark red, almost burgundy color, ripen on the bushes. They taste sweet, sour and aromatic. The brush hangs down by 4-6 centimeters.

Ilyinka black

The bush reaches a height of up to 1.4 meters, dense, moderately spreading. It has a pyramidal shape. Does not need support. Large berries (weighing about 5.0 grams each) grow on the fruit cluster, the length of which reaches from 4 to 6 centimeters. Sweet, have a dessert, pronounced currant taste.

The variety is high-yielding and cold-resistant. One plant can produce up to 5 kilograms of aromatic berries. When picking, the berries do not wrinkle or fall off. All fruits ripen at the same time. Well transported. The variety is moderately resistant to septoria and is not affected by powdery mildew.

Red currant Ilyinka

Red currant Ilyinka
Red currant Ilyinka.

ILYINKA . The variety has a medium ripening period, obtained at the South Ural Research Institute of Horticulture and Potato Growing from the open pollination of the Jonker van Tets variety. Author V.S. Ilyin. In state variety testing since 2004.

The bush is of medium height, medium spreading, dense. Growing shoots are thick, straight, pubescent, light green. The buds are small, light brown, matte, oval-elongated, with a sharp apex, located singly along the shoot, deviated from the shoot. The petiole trace is narrow, rounded.

The leaf is five-lobed, large and medium-sized, dark green, shiny, leathery, wrinkled, the plate is concave along the midribs of the lobes, curved. The blades are pointed, the middle one is longer than the lateral ones, it has additional projections, is elongated, often with a bent tip. The angle between the midribs of the lateral lobes is straight and acute, the lateral lobes are widely spaced. The basal lobes are moderately developed. The base of the leaf has a notch of medium depth or even a deep, rounded shape. The teeth along the edges are uneven, from small to large, sharp, with a clearly visible “claw”.

The flowers are small, deep-saucer-shaped, pink, with a noticeable ridge. The sepals are cherry-brown (light brown), uncurved, touching. The brushes are of medium length (4-6 cm), dense, hanging. The axis is thin, green, curved, ribbed, pubescent. The petiole is thin and short.

The berries are large (0.8-1.6 g), one-dimensional, round, dark red. The number of seeds is average. The taste is sweet and sour, pleasant, rating 5 points. Universal berries. The calyx is closed and round. The peduncle is medium thick, short, green. The variety is winter-hardy, high-yielding, the average long-term yield is 13.6 t/ha, the maximum is 20.0 t/ha (3.4-5.0 kg/bush), is characterized by good self-fertility, is resistant to powdery mildew, and is weakly affected by anthracnose , sawflies.

Advantages of the variety: large fruit, dessert taste of berries, resistance to diseases and pests, high yield.

Source

Red currant: which varieties to choose

Red currants are no less healthy than black currants. There are many types of this berry on the market. The most suitable varieties of red currant for Ukraine:

1. Darnitsa is a mid-early variety with high yield. The berries are marketable, disease resistant and highly transportable.
2. Enchantress is valued by many gardeners for its high yield. The berries grow red, large, with a dessert-sweet taste. Currants are resistant to diseases and pests.
3. Ural beauty is a red currant variety bred by Russian breeders. The berries are large, sweet, marketable in appearance, and suitable for transportation. Productivity increases over the years.
4. Valentinovka is resistant to many diseases, the fruits form later than other brethren. It has large bunches of large sour berries that are suitable for freezing and processing.

Reviews

Irina (58 years old): “For a long time we could not find a sweet variety of red currant. I liked Viksna for its dark (cherry) color. Her berries ripened very early, but were sour. One day we were unable to harvest the crop on time, and it hung on the bush for a long time. And when they came to pick, it turned out that the berries were sweet. This is how we learned that the red currant variety Viksne first gains color and then sweetness. Those who like acid can pick it up early.”

Valery (36 years old): “My family really loves white currants.
For us it is more delicate than red. At first, the old Versailles white variety grew in our garden. She's not bad, but a bit small. Then we planted a new Belyan variety and did not regret it: the berries are much larger and the taste is excellent.” [/custom]

Early varieties of black currant

Blackcurrant bushes bloom in mid-May, but ripen at different times. You can choose a variety not only by its taste characteristics and resistance to adverse factors, but also by its ripeness period.

Early types ripen at the end of June and do not have exceptional taste due to lack of heat and sun. Most of them are not industrial and cannot be stored for a long time. What types of early ripening blackcurrants there are are listed below.

Titania

It belongs to the industrial varieties, since the berries sit well on the hand, are not damaged when picked by machine, and are stored for a long time. Titania was bred in Sweden. Fruiting period is 11-15 years.

2-5 kilograms of berries are collected from the bush. The fruits on the cluster vary in size - from 1.5 to 4 grams, the number reaches 20 berries. Sugar – 6.6%. Titania is great for jam, jellies, and desserts.

Fruits well with frequent watering and fertilizing.

Black Pearl

It has a medium-sized bush with a small number of leaves, which provides good ventilation and lighting. The berries are well transported due to their thick skin and are not damaged when torn off.

Contains sugar in a volume of 9.3%. Self-fertile variety - no pollination required. The berries are medium-sized and have a pearly sheen. Ripens early. It holds up well against frost, and has average resistance against disease.

Pygmy

The variety was created for the cold regions of Siberia, but gradually spread to the European part of the country. With feeding and watering it produces more than 5 kilograms of currants per bush.

Despite the name, the bush sometimes reaches 2 meters in height. Pygmies are easily distinguished by the bronze color of their buds. The berries are large, 5-7 grams, contain sugar in volume - 9.3%.

Pygmy produces constant high yields, is not susceptible to powdery mildew, and tolerates low temperatures well.

Currants in the garden: for harvest and beauty

Currants are the most common berry crop in Russia. From time immemorial, the local population in forests and copses collected berries, twigs and leaves of currants for food and medicinal purposes. In the 11th century, currants were already cultivated in monastery gardens. Currently, in terms of the number of varieties represented in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation, currants are noticeably superior to other berry crops.

Currants are the most common berry crop in Russia

currant genus (Ribes) belongs to the gooseberry (Grossulariaceae) and includes about 150 species growing in the cold and temperate zones of Europe, Asia, Africa, North and South America. Only a few of them are represented in culture, however, previously unused species are gradually being included in the selection process.

Diseases and pests

The variety is resistant to many harmful insects and diseases. Infection with them can occur as a result of non-compliance with agricultural practices and improper care.

Table: common currant pests - control and prevention

Pests in the photo

Leaf gall aphid damages mainly young leaves Spider mites, as a rule, attack the underside of leaves The yield of shoots damaged by glassworm is reduced by 55–95%

Table: common red currant diseases - control and prevention

Currant diseases in the photo

With anthracnose, small brown spots with small shiny tubercles appear on the leaves. With septoria, gray-brown or rusty spots with an irregularly shaped yellow border form on the leaves. Columnar rust appears in mid-summer.

Golden currant

The homeland of golden currant (Ribes aureum) is the Rocky Mountains of North America. The plant is a weakly branched shrub up to 2 (less often up to 2.5-3) meters high. The leaves are small, three-lobed, glossy, similar in shape and size to gooseberry leaves. They do not have a characteristic currant smell and in the fall they turn beautiful purple tones. The flowers are small, tubular, golden yellow, with a strong spicy aroma reminiscent of cinnamon.

Golden currant is native to North America.

Blooms in May for 10-20 days. The flowers are collected in dense drooping racemes. The fruits are round, small to large, with a long, dry perianth remaining. The color of the fruit can be yellow, orange, brown, black. They ripen unevenly in August, but the ripe fruits do not fall off for a long time. The berries are eaten fresh and used for processing. Their taste is unique, pleasant, and refreshing.

The first domestic varieties of golden currant were obtained by I.V. Michurin (Purple, Ondine, Shafranca). Later, Russian scientists created the following varieties: Venus, Druzhba, Ermak, Isabella, Laysan, Muscat, Salyut, Shafak and others.

Description and characteristics of Ilyinka currant

To plant Ilyinka currants in your garden, you need to study the description of the variety. Breeders developed the Ilyinka variety in two colors: red and black. Almost all of their characteristics are the same, but there are some differences.

Ilyinka red

This variety is suitable for regions with a cool climate. Tolerates frosty winters and dry summers well. The bush is dense, medium in size and branched, bears fruit annually. In mid-summer, large berries (weighing about 1.6 grams each), which have a dark red, almost burgundy color, ripen on the bushes. They taste sweet, sour and aromatic. The brush hangs down by 4-6 centimeters.

During the season, you can collect up to 5.5 kilograms of currants from a bush. The shoots are erect and thick. The leaves are five-lobed, large to medium in size, dark green in color. Practically not susceptible to diseases.

Ilyinka black

The bush reaches a height of up to 1.4 meters, dense, moderately spreading. It has a pyramidal shape. Does not need support. Large berries (weighing about 5.0 grams each) grow on the fruit cluster, the length of which reaches from 4 to 6 centimeters. Sweet, have a dessert, pronounced currant taste.

The variety is high-yielding and cold-resistant. One plant can produce up to 5 kilograms of aromatic berries. When picking, the berries do not wrinkle or fall off. All fruits ripen at the same time. Well transported. The variety is moderately resistant to septoria and is not affected by powdery mildew.

Late varieties of vitamin berries

Late ripening currants are highly valued for their ability to nourish the body with vitamins before the winter cold. Among the well-known names you can choose plants with black, red and white berries.

Late ripening black currant

At the end of summer, it's nice to pick a handful of fragrant berries with a rich taste. Descriptions of late varieties may differ in some characteristics and yield indicators. But the agricultural technology for growing currants of different ripening periods remains virtually unchanged.

Popular among late-ripening species are:

"Vologda"

Vologda The plant is medium-sized, but very spreading. This should be taken into account when calculating the planting scheme. High self-fertility, productivity does not depend on the presence of pollinators.

The fruits are large, up to 2.2 g; up to 4 kg of sweet and sour berries ripen on one bush. Among the advantages are large-fruitedness and resistance to diseases; the disadvantages include spreading, which requires additional supports.

"Daughter"

Daughter This variety forms a compact, non-spreading bush, no more than 1 meter high. Large-fruited and productive - up to 4 kg per plant. The disadvantage is considered to be susceptibility to powdery mildew.

Red currants to end the season

Among the varieties that have proven themselves, it should be noted:

"Dutch red"

Dutch red Tall bush with a rectangular crown. At the beginning of August, the harvest of healthy berries is harvested. They grow to medium size and have a sour taste, but are great for cooking.

You can increase the yield by abundant watering. The variety is resistant to common currant diseases.

"Rondom"

Rondom Also a Dutch variety with good performance. The berries do not fall off and are suitable for fresh consumption and processing. The taste is sweet and sour, rich.

The yield is stable - up to 4.5 kg per bush.

White currant bearing fruit in late summer

A white currant variety, described below, is well suited for a garden plot.

"White Bayana"

Belaya Bayana The bushes are tall, not spreading. 10 kg of luxurious berries ripen on one plant. Although they are not large in size (up to 3 g), the pectin content and sweet taste will cover this feature.

The disadvantage of this variety is its susceptibility to red gall aphids.

It should be noted that the characteristics of currant varieties listed in the description may vary depending on the region of cultivation, climatic conditions and compliance with agricultural cultivation techniques.

Subtleties of caring for currants

Basic care details to obtain stable yields

Important:

• mow the grass around the circumference of the bushes as soon as they appear;
• loosen the soil, enrich it with oxygen;
• carry out abundant watering of up to 3 liters of water under each root during flowering and fruiting of the bushes in order to saturate them with a sufficient amount of moisture before wintering;
• apply fertilizers, fertilizing in the fall (phosphorus, potassium), in the spring - urea;
• trim periodically: the first pruning - immediately upon planting, leaving 5-6 buds on the shoots;
• remove excess root, diseased and broken branches, as well as shoots older than 3 years, leaving only healthy branches of different ages.

Reference! It is not recommended to stuff the soil with humus and fertilizers. If mulch was added when planting bushes, then organic matter will no longer be needed.

Watering rules

The soil should not dry out, so it is important to provide the currant bushes with timely watering. Especially during the period of fruiting, ripening and flowering

It is also worth shedding the soil under each bush before wintering.

Fertilizer application

It is worth fertilizing periodically, using chicken droppings and a weak solution of mullein. During the flowering period of seedlings, you can use organic matter.

Subtleties of growing varieties

For a decent harvest, you need to know some tricks of growing currants. The composition of the soil is very important for this plant. Sweet currant varieties need to be fertilized and a location on the site chosen.

See also

Description and characteristics of Yadrenaya currant variety, planting, cultivation and careRead

Time and place

The right time for planting is the end of summer or the first month of autumn. During this period, the roots are well strengthened. If a seedling is planted later than September, its roots will not have time to develop and take hold, and this will lead to the death of the plant.

For planting, choose a sunny place protected from northern winds (areas along fences, paths). A bush planted in the shade begins to hurt, its berries become smaller, and there are much fewer of them.

The soil must be loose, without stagnant water. Planted on light loamy, sandy loam and medium podzolic soil.

Selection and preparation of planting material

The best planting material is biennial plants with well-developed roots. The number of shoots is not so important, since they still need to be cut off when planting. You can ask the seller to make a cut on the shoot. If blackness is visible on the cut, then the glass is destroying the plant. You shouldn't buy it. A healthy seedling - without signs of wilting, with clean leaves and without dark spots on the shoots.

If it is not possible to plant bare-rooted seedlings immediately, then after purchasing they must be placed in water or temporarily buried in partial shade.

Planting process

The place for planting currants must be prepared in advance (about 2-3 weeks) so that the ground settles. To do this you need:

1. Dig a hole half a meter deep and wide.
2. Mix the soil from the pit with 8-9 kilograms of compost, 200 grams of superphosphate, 30-35 grams of potassium sulfate and wood ash. Then fill the hole with the resulting substrate and fill it with 2 buckets of water. When the liquid is absorbed, you need to mulch with sawdust.
3. The holes must be made 1.5 meters apart.

Important! This process will provide nutrition to the young seedling. If you don’t have time to do this, you can purchase a ready-made compound and fertilize the soil with it.

After two weeks, the seedlings are planted in prepared, nutrient holes, maintaining an angle of 45 ° C. It is important that the root collar is buried 50 millimeters into the ground. The roots need to be carefully laid out in the hole. Thanks to this process, new roots and shoots begin to grow from the buds located in the ground.

The bush is formed strong, with powerful, erect branches. Then the hole is covered with earth (a small amount), compacted tightly and filled with water. After the liquid is absorbed, soil is added to the hole and mulched with sawdust to prevent the appearance of an earthen crust.

In order for the bush to develop strong and strong, it is necessary to trim the shoots to 10-15 centimeters, leaving 5 buds on the stem. In dry weather, plants need watering a few days after planting.