Cherry or mysterious dukes: all the advantages and disadvantages

History of selection

Cherries of this variety are planted by private enterprises and farms.
Anyone can plant Annushka on their own and achieve good fruiting. This is a mid-early variety that represents the Ukrainian breeding school. For the first time, the variety was bred in its homeland - at the Donetsk Institute of Horticulture of the UAAS. The author is Tatarenko L.I. In her work, she used cross varieties using pollination, and took the cultures of Donchanka and Valery Chkalov as a base. Unlike its “predecessors,” Annushka cherries are more resistant to frost, which allows harvesting even in late autumn.

In 2000, the Annushka cherry variety was included in the State Register of the Russian Federation for the North Caucasus region of the country. Endurance tests took place there. Annushka has proven to be an ideal crop, especially in climate zones with unstable weather conditions.

Description of culture

The Annushka cherry variety has large fruits - up to 10 grams. This feature allows it to compete with world varieties. The tree of the variety is tall, and its height reaches almost 5 m. The shoots have a straight, thickened shape. They form a spherical crown, which is medium dense.

The buds are mixed, mainly found on growth shoots. The leaves are also different from other cherry varieties. They are large in shape and slightly lightened. The oblong egg-shaped structure of the plate ends with a point and has teeth on the sides. The leaf itself is attached to the trunk by a one and a half centimeter petiole.

Growing Annushka cherries is distinguished by its process, or more precisely, by the sequence in which the inflorescences appear. White flowers have five petals, but they are combined into umbrella inflorescences, usually 4-5 pieces each. But on the shoots the flowers appear before the leaves, which is not typical for other varieties of cherries.

Characteristics

Cherries have great nutritional value. Annushka fruits contain many vitamins. It is worth considering the fruit indicators in more detail:

Taste qualities of cherries	Above average sweetness, dessert taste
Fruit coloring	Dark, burgundy
Cherry color and pulp	Juicy pulp with a dense structure, crispy reddish surface
Annushka fruit shapes	Round shape with a pressed base at the tail
Structural element	An ordinary drupe, the core with the stone is easily separated from the pulp. The bone is small, takes up less volume compared to other varieties

In industry, the Annushka cherry variety is highly valued, because after removing the pit, the integrity of the appearance and pulp is not affected, and the shape and inner shell are preserved. This speeds up harvesting work, making harvesting simple. As the speed increases, the presentation is maintained. Also, the characteristics of the Annushka cherry variety are distinguished by a tasting score of 4.9 points on a 5-point scale.

Drought resistance, winter hardiness

The Annushka variety is highly frost-resistant. It can withstand up to -35 0C. Annushka is also able to survive even severe drought. Due to the plasticity of the crown, the cherry is self-fertile and retains its taste under any climatic changes.

Pollination, flowering period and ripening time

The flowering period most often occurs in mid-spring. The fruits ripen within a short period of time. It is important to harvest quickly, since everything will go bad in 1-2 weeks. The tree does not tolerate stagnant groundwater, so planting and harvesting should be in an area where the water does not come close to the soil.

Cherry Annushka blooms faster with sufficient light. To ensure rapid ripening, it should be placed on a southern slope. If it rained in the summer, it is important to provide the berries with a flow of warm air. To do this, trees should be planted in open areas. Suitable pollinators for Annushka cherries are those trees that are considered the best for flowers:

1. The pistil and stamen of the Shpanka cherry are placed on the same level. It will bear large fruits.
2. They also use Shokoladnitsa and Malyshka cherries. They will give an attractive appearance and a large harvest of cherries.
3. Drogana yellow and Donetsk coal will give the ability to withstand drought.
4. Donetsk beauty will allow cherries to grow even in winter.

There is no need to resort to special pollination methods, since the Annushka cherry is self-fertile.

Productivity, fruiting

Trees produce a rich harvest when cherry seedlings were purchased in the fall and managed to survive the cold. "Hardened off", they will only need to be moistened just three times a year. It is enough to just pour 35 liters of water into the ditch around the Annushka seedling. One-year-old and two-year-old cherry trees need to be tied up and placed 3-4 m from each other. Then the harvest will be in 2-3 years. Cherries bear fruit for a long time, usually several decades. The first berries appear in May, although it blooms even in March-April.

Area of ​​application of berries

Annushka's berries are used in industry by farming companies - for twists for sale. Various dressings, drinks and preservatives are also made from cherries. The Annushka variety is often used in cosmetology medicine.

Resistance to diseases and pests

The Annushka variety tolerates diseases quite well. If care is poorly performed, the following difficulties arise:

1. Fungal diseases - occur due to improper planting. The ground and soil can be contaminated by acid rain, which causes the tree to suffer.
2. Cherry coccomycosis - manifests itself on leaves that become stained and then dry out. To cure a tree, use “Topaz” 2 ml per 10 liters of liquid. The plant must be treated during flowering.
3. Moniliosis Annushka - manifests itself in the form of gray growths. For treatment, Nitrafen is required during the flowering period. Dilute 300 g per 10 liters of water.
4. Hole spotting of cherries - you can cure the tree with the help of “Horus”.

Also, the cherry tree can suffer from various pests. Compared to other varieties, Annushka rarely suffers from damage to the bark and leaves, but it is important to carry out prevention for the longevity of the tree.

Advantages and disadvantages

Despite all the advantages of Annushka, the cherry variety has some disadvantages, although, compared to the advantages, they are almost invisible. It will never grow in swampy areas and zones with a humid climate. For example, cherries will grow better in the north of Russia than in the south, and it is quite difficult for them to tolerate coccomycosis.

Common varieties

Cherry fruits are eaten all summer long if early-ripening, mid-ripening and late-ripening varieties are planted in the country. The first fruits ripen at the end of June, the second - mid-July, the third - at the beginning of August.

No.	Variety	Early ripening	Mid-season	Late ripening
1	And the way	+
2	Valery Chkalov	+
3	Revna	+
4	Large-fruited	+
5	Vasilisa	+
6	Ovstuzhenka	+
7	Regina	+
8	Bull's heart	+
9	Early pink	+
10	Fatezh	+
11	Leningradskaya black	+
12	Daibera black	+
13	Cordia	+
14	Tyutchevka	+
15	General's	+
16	Italian	+
17	Bakhor	+
18	Farewell	+
19	Yaroslavna	+

Descriptions with colorful photos are compiled for each variety. They have all the main characteristics of cherries.

And the way

Gardeners consider this variety of cherries to be the best for the Moscow region and Central Russia. Trees with a wide pyramidal crown. In summer they are abundantly covered with large leaves. The buds form on bouquet branches.

Characteristic	Meaning
Weight	5-5.3 g
Size	21*22 ​​mm
Form	Stupid-hearted
Okrska	Red, rich color
Taste	Sweet and sour
Score (score)	4,5

And the journey arrives early. For pollination, seedlings of Revna, Ovstuzhenka, Tyutchevka are planted 4-40 m from the tree. This is necessary because the variety is self-sterile. At the age of 4-5 years, the tree produces 30-60 kg of cherries, and in subsequent years bears fruit regularly.

Gardeners value the variety for its frost resistance, compact crown, and universal use. Disadvantages of the variety: crackling, seeds are difficult to separate.

Early variety Valery Chkalov

In terms of winter hardiness, the variety corresponds to the southern climate; it is grown by farmers and summer residents of the Krasnodar Territory and Crimea. Flower buds freeze slightly at -23 °C. Productivity increases over the years, its peak occurs at the age of 10-12 years.

During this period, in Crimea, 60-170 kg are removed from one tree, in the Krasnodar Territory - 30 kg. The first fruits begin to ripen from June 1 to June 10. In order for cherries to bear fruit, the following are planted nearby:

• Skorospelka;
• April;
• Jaboulet.

The main disadvantage of the variety is poor immunity. Cherries are susceptible to gray rot and are not resistant to the causative agent of coccomycosis.

Revna

Cherries for summer residents and farmers of Central Russia were bred by the breeder of the All-Russian Research Institute of Lyupina M.V. Kanshina. After the tests, Revna was included in the State Register (1994). This variety is late in ripening. Flowers bloom on the trees in mid-May, and the harvest is harvested in late July.

The variety is characterized by partial self-fertility; if there is Raditsa, Ovstuzhenka or Iput in the garden, then the yield increases. The height of the cherry tree reaches 3-3.5 m. The tree has a pyramid-shaped crown and fast-growing shoots. The first fruits are expected for 5 years. Experts highly appreciated the taste and quality of the pulp.

Characteristic	Meaning
Weight	4.5-7.5 g
Size	19*20 mm
Coloring	Dark red
Taste rating	4.9 points

The yield of an average tree is 15-30 kg. With favorable weather and good care, more fruits are formed. Revna cherries are valued for the transportability and universal purpose of the fruit, winter hardiness of the trees, and stable immunity. Gardeners consider late fruiting to be a disadvantage.

Large-fruited

In 1983, the variety was included in the State Register. It was bred by Ukrainian breeders, they used the parent forms: Napoleon white, Zhabule, Valery Chkalov, Elton. As the name suggests, the cherry fruits are very large.

The tree is medium in height, does not exceed 5 meters. Round fruits weigh 10-12 g, the weight of individual specimens is 18 g. Ripe fruits have a rich red or dark red, almost black skin. It bursts due to excess moisture; gardeners consider this the main drawback.

The harvest ripens in June (middle, end of the month). The variety is widespread in the south. Traditional growing regions: Krasnodar region, Crimea, Ukraine. The frost resistance of mature trees is within -25 °C; the threshold for seedlings is lower. List of pollinators for large-fruited cherries:

• Daibera black;
• Francis;
• Surprise.

The yield of the variety is 50-55 kg. One tree produces this amount of fruit.

Vasilisa

A large-fruited variety for a warm, southern climate, it was bred by Ukrainian breeders. Parental forms that were used for hybridization: Donetsk coal, Donetsk beauty. Tree 3-4 m high.

The weight of an average fruit is 10-15 g, the taste of the pulp and juice is sweet and sour, the taster rating is 4.5 points. Ripe cherries have a bright red skin, the large pit can be separated quickly and without problems. List of the best pollinators: Annushka, Valery Chkalov, Yellow Drogana, Starking.

From the month of planting to the appearance of the first fruits, at least 4-5 years pass. The place of fruit formation is annual shoots and bouquet branches. The yield of one tree is 20-50 kg. Gardeners note a drawback of the variety - cracking of the skin with excess moisture.

Ovstuzhenka

Ovstuzhenka is the best self-fertile cherry variety for the Moscow region; its frost resistance of -45 °C guarantees a successful wintering. Ovstuzhenka is included in the group of northern varieties.

The variety is cultivated in the gardens of the Urals, Siberia, and the Middle Zone. The harvest is stored for a long time at a humidity of 80% and a temperature close to 6 °C. The taste is rated 4.5 points. The shape of the fruit is round or oval, the pulp is sweet, the skin is dark burgundy, the average weight is 7 g. The yield of one tree is 30-50 kg.

Regina

German selection. According to its characteristics, the variety is suitable for the Middle Volga region and southern regions of the Russian Federation. The variety was bred in 1957, but Russian gardeners learned about it in 1981. Regina is self-sterile, so she needs pollinators in her neighborhood. For this purpose, cherries of the Salvia and Karina varieties are planted in the garden.

The yield of one mature tree is 40 kg. Fruiting is early. The first fruits are harvested in the 3rd year. The harvested crop is stored for about 3 weeks and does not deteriorate during long-term transportation. Fruits do not crack if there is excess moisture.

Variety characteristics:

• trees grow up to 3-4 meters;
• bloom at the end of May;
• cherries ripen at the end of July;
• average fruit weight 10-15 g;
• the skin is shiny, bright red or dark burgundy;
• The taste harmoniously combines light sourness and sweetness.

Experts rated the taste of Regina cherries at 4.5 points.

Bull's heart

The work of Georgian breeders. The variety is large-fruited, designed for the southern regions. With appropriate agricultural technology and proper choice of planting site, Ox's Heart is grown in the central part of Russia. The height of the tree is affected by the type of rootstock. The Bull's Heart cherry can be 3 and 5 meters tall. Frost resistance -25 °C. Flower buds are afraid of spring frosts.

Suitable pollinators: Tyutchevka, Ovstuzhenka, Iput. The yield of an adult tree is 60 kg. The variety begins to bear fruit at 4 years of age. The harvest does not last long. Picked cherries quickly deteriorate and become wrinkled during transportation. The weight of the fruit is 8 g; when ripe, they turn dark burgundy, almost black.

Early pink

Work by A. Ya. Voronchikhina (Rossoshansk experimental station). The variety was tested in the gardens of the Central Black Earth Region and the Lower Volga region. In 1987 it was put into operation. The crown of an adult tree does not exceed 4-5 m. It is spreading, well-leafed, and has a rounded shape.

Reference!

Early pink begins to bear fruit after 4-5 years. The yield of an adult tree is 27-40 kg. A record harvest of 70 kg was recorded in 2003. It was obtained from 15-year-old trees.

Vegetative buds are 6-7 mm, generative buds are 4-5 mm. The leaf blades are oval, elongated-ovate, about 7 cm wide, 15-18 cm long. Flowers with a diameter of 30 mm are collected in inflorescences of 2-3 pieces. The fruits ripen in mid-late June, they ripen unevenly, their characteristics:

• weigh 5 g, have dimensions - 21 × 23 mm;
• obtuse-heart-shaped or round-oval in shape;
• covered with creamy yellow skin with a continuous blush of fiery red color;
• the pulp is moderately dense, creamy, contains a lot of juice;
• The taste is dominated by sweetness and is quite simple.

Varietal advantages: the skin does not crack due to rain, the fruits hanging on the branches do not spoil for a long time. The downside is that the crop loses its presentation during transportation. The cherry crumples and darkens.

Fatezh

Work by A. I. Evstratov. In 2001, the variety was included in the State Register. Fatezh is recommended for cultivation in the Central region. Trees of medium height (5 m). The shape of the crown is spherical, drooping. The level of winter hardiness is above average (-27 °C).

Fatezh is characterized by stable immunity and productivity. One tree produces 50 kg of cherries per season. They wait 4 years for the first harvest. Maximum yields are recorded at the age of 10 years. Harvesting occurs in the second half of June and the first half of July. The collected fruits are preserved, their description:

• weight 6 g;
• the color of the skin is red-yellow, the flesh is pale pink;
• The pulp tastes sweet and sour.

Pros: stable immunity, winter hardiness, drought resistance. Minus - the variety is prone to gum development. List of pollinators: Bryansk, Iput, Revna.

Leningradskaya black

The creation work was carried out near St. Petersburg. Leningradskaya black is a 3-4 meter tree with a spreading, medium-leafy crown. 3-4 years after planting, the cherry tree begins to bear fruit.

The productivity of an average tree is 30-40 kg. The harvest does not ripen at the same time. The fruits ripen for several weeks. List of pollinators: Revna, Bryanochka, Tyutchevka. The taste of Leningradskaya black cherries is rated 4.2 points.

Fruit weight is 3-3.5 g. The color is dark burgundy, the shape is round, the seeds are medium size. The variety is universally used, does not deteriorate during transportation, and is stored well. It is grown in the gardens of the Central Black Earth region and in the southern regions of the Non-Black Earth region.

Daibera black

This variety of cherries was discovered in Crimea back in 1862. In the middle of the last century, it was zoned; the recommended growing regions were the Lower Volga and North Caucasus. Daibera black begins to bear fruit at the 5th year of life. The variety needs pollinators; the following cherries are considered good: Olive, Golden, Black Eagle.

In Crimea, a medium-sized, mature tree produces 90-170 kg of fruit, in the Krasnodar Territory 80 kg. The harvest ripens at the same time. Flower buds suffer at -24 °C, the aboveground part freezes at -30 °C. Advantages of Black Daibera: yield, dessert taste. Disadvantage: significant yield losses due to gray rot.

Cordia

Flowering is later, so the Cordia cherry successfully avoids frost. The variety is popular in Europe, bred in the Czech Republic. In Russia it is grown in the North-Western and Central regions. The fruits are large, up to 28 mm in diameter, weigh 8-10 g, and are covered with dark red, almost black skin. Brown dots are visible on the surface.

The tasting taste score is high - 4.8 points. In temperate climates, cherries are planted grafted onto low-growing, medium-growing rootstocks. During prolonged cold spells in May, flower buds suffer.

Due to frost, the wood freezes to the level of the snow cover. The best pollinators: Burlat, Regina, Karina, late Schneider. The variety begins to bear fruit in 4-5 years. One tree produces 25-50 kg of fruits of dessert quality, universal purpose, resistant to cracking.

Tyutchevka

In the State Register since 2001. The work was carried out by M. V. Kanshina (VNII Lupina). The variety is recommended for cultivation in the Central region. The size of the tree is medium (4-4.5 m), the crown is sparse, spherical, semi-spreading. Vegetative buds are medium-sized, cone-shaped; generative buds are ovoid.

The leaves are oval, large, without pubescence, folded in a “boat”. The inflorescences consist of 4 flowers and are formed on bouquet branches. Flowering occurs in May. The first Tyutchevka harvest is harvested in the 5th year. Fruiting continues for 20 years. The harvest increases over the years. 15-40 kg are harvested from one cherry tree. The taste of the pulp is rated 4.9 points. Fruit characteristics:

• berry weight 5.3 g, seeds 0.3 g;
• dimensions 22 × 23 mm;
• the skin and pulp are dark red, the juice is light red.

The Tyutchevka cherry tree needs pollinators, the best ones: Iput, Ovstuzhenka, Raditsa, Revna. Without them, no more than 6% of fruits are set. Advantages of the variety: winter hardiness (-25 °C), drought resistance, good immunity to moniliosis, average to coccomycosis, clasterosporiasis. Disadvantages: pollinators are needed, prolonged rains during ripening reduce the keeping quality and commercial quality of the berries.

General's

Self-sterile, tall, mid-season variety is grown in the Crimea. Fruiting is regular, abundant, yield is 50 kg per tree. Fruit characteristics:

• the shape is heart-shaped, rounded-heart-shaped;
• The color of the fruit is yellow, the blush is carmine;
• sweet and sour taste, rating 4.6 points;
• weight up to 10 g.

General's cherry gives the first harvest after 3 years. The variety is used as raw material for preparations (frozen, dried). Advantages: flowers can withstand frost, stable yield, drought resistance, self-fertility.

Italian

Self-pollinating, medium-sized (3-4 m) variety of Russian selection, tested in 1995. The yield of an adult tree is 80 kg. The first fruits are obtained after 4 years. Italian cherries are grown in industrial gardens and dachas.

The fruits are not stored for a long time. They have dark red skin, dense flesh, dessert taste (4.5 points), weight 6 g. Italian is grown in the central zone of the Russian Federation. No disadvantages have been identified in this cherry variety. It is valued for its yield, presentation of fruits, dessert taste, and resistance to coccomycosis.

Bakhor

It ripens early and begins bearing fruit after 4 years. The trees are productive (50 kg), vigorous, with a spreading crown. Frost resistance level -20 °C. The variety comes from Uzbekistan. Parental forms: Savry-surkhani, Francis.

The harvest ripens in April-May and is stored for 30 days at a temperature of 2-4 °C. From an adult tree, about 65 kg of large, blunt-hearted, dark red fruits weighing 8-9 g are collected. Tasting rating of taste is 5 points. In Russia, Bakhor is grown in the Krasnodar region.

Farewell

In the middle zone, cherries ripen in the middle period - mid-to-late June. The yield is stable - 60-80 kg. The fruits are large, up to 14 g, dark red with juicy, yellowish pulp, a light dessert taste, rated 4.5 points. For fruiting, Farewell cherries need pollinators, the most suitable ones:

• Valery Chkalov;
• Valeria;
• Drogana yellow;
• Ethics.

Cherries begin to bear fruit in the 4th year. The trees are distinguished by their great growth vigor. They are characterized by a thin, well-leafed crown. Advantages of Farewell cherries: transportability, high winter hardiness of flower buds, drought resistance, frost resistance. The variety is popular among gardeners in forest-steppe and steppe regions of Ukraine.

Yaroslavna

Not an old variety (1997), for which the better care, the larger and tastier the berries. Yaroslavna is valued because the fruits do not burst due to rain, are well stored, rarely suffer from cherry flies, do not rot, and are transportable. Their characteristics:

• weight 8-12 g;
• color dark burgundy;
• round shape;
• the taste is rated 4-4.5 points.

Low (3.5 m) trees have a crown of medium density and rounded. Yaroslavna blooms at the end of May, bears fruit at 4-5 years of age, and produces 20-30 kg of fragrant fruits per tree. For pollination, Aelita, Valery Chkalov, and Etika are planted in the garden.

Landing Features

Before planting, cherry seedlings should be stored in the basement, in the cold. Planting is carried out in the fall, when the trees are still young and can withstand cold temperatures down to -3 0C. Regarding the remaining recommendations, all details are discussed below.

Recommended timing

It is best to plant in late autumn, but if this is not possible, Annushka cherries can be buried in a snowdrift.

Choosing a suitable location

For successful planting, you need to choose a place where there will be cherries nearby. They must serve as pollinators. Only 5-7 meters away you can plant other plants. It is advisable to dig deep holes to fill with sawdust and grass.

What crops can and cannot be planted next to cherries?

Next to cherries, which are pollinators, you can plant cherries of those varieties that are considered early in flowering. It is not recommended to plant light red, late and winter cherries. You cannot grow flowering plants near a fruit tree.

Selection and preparation of planting material

Young seedlings are used as planting material. Fertilizer is also purchased and poured into the tree hole. The pit should be up to half a meter deep and almost a meter wide.

Landing algorithm

Immediately after digging a hole, you need to fill the bottom with manure (20-25 kg). Over the winter, the fertilizer shrinks. The tree can be planted in early spring. Planting and caring for Annushka cherries also involves choosing nitrates. Agronomists select the necessary substances separately for each region.

The distance between seedlings is 3-4 m. For growth, a stake is inserted 1 m in height. The hole around the tree should hold up to 8 liters of water.

After a year or two, Annushka’s long branches are shortened to medium length. This way the fruiting of cherries will be better. The algorithm is described in detail in the video:

Cherry Leningradskaya: planting shrubs

In regions with cold climates, planting Leningradskaya cherries should be done in early spring, before buds begin to bloom.

In the south, seedlings are planted in a permanent place in the fall, after the end of the deciduous period.

Photos of cherry seedlings

Advice!

As with most other fruit trees, the area for planting this cherry should be well lit by the sun during the day and protected from cold winds. The place should be level, and the groundwater level should be no closer to the ground surface than 2-2.5 m.

The soil in this area should be sufficiently loose and fertile, without stagnant moisture.

The best soil for this cherry is sandy loam or loam. If the soil on the site is too heavy, then humus and coarse sand are added to it before planting to improve the soil structure. A drainage layer must be laid at the bottom of planting holes in heavy soils to prevent water stagnation.

Useful article:
How to improve the soil, its fertility, composition, structure.
Cherries cannot be planted next to this stone fruit crop:

• apple trees;
• apricot;
• plum trees and other stone fruits.

The distance to these trees should be at least 4.5-5.5 m.

It is better to plant next to the Leningrad cherry:

• cherry;
• rowan;
• hawthorn;
• grape.

Photo of a cherry seedling with an open root system

It is recommended to plant melliferous plants (alfalfa, phacelia, etc.) in the tree trunks of this cherry tree in order to attract pollinating insects to the tree.

It is not recommended to plant vegetables from the nightshade family and most varieties of fruit bushes next to this stone fruit tree.

How to properly plant and care for cherries - video

It is better to purchase planting material from specialized nurseries. Leningradskaya cherry seedlings should be a year or two old; older trees will take root worse in a new location.

The diameter of the planting pit is 1.0 m, and the depth is 0.7 m.

A layer of drainage 4-6 cm thick is laid on the bottom, then a layer of nutrient substrate.
It is prepared as follows: garden soil is mixed with compost (at least 5 kg), 1 kg of ash, 1.5 cups of superphosphate and 2 tbsp. l. potassium sulfate.

Photo of preparing a planting hole for planting cherries

The pit is filled approximately halfway with the resulting substrate, 1-1.5 buckets of water are added and left for 10-12 days for the nutrient layer to shrink.

A Leningradskaya seedling with an open root system should be placed in a bucket of water with any growth stimulant added for 6-10 hours.

The trees are then placed in the center of the planting hole, into which a stake is driven. The roots are straightened along the diameter of the hole, the cherries are tied to a support, and the hole is filled with the remaining nutrient substrate. Then up to 15-20 liters of water are added to each tree.

Subsequent care of the crop

After planting, it is important not to forget to care for the cherries:

1. Watering Annushka should be done three times during drought, 30 liters of water each time.
2. The first watering is done in the spring after frost, the second in the heat. The third is optional.
3. Sweet cherries do not need feeding. Only a little fertilizer is needed in winter.
4. To form a flat cherry crown, you need to stop the growth of the tree at around 4 m; to do this, cut off the conductor at the required height.

Next comes preparation for winter. In October, cracks on skeletal branches are cleaned with a garden knife. Treat the cherry trunks with a 3% solution of copper sulfate. The wounds are covered with garden varnish.

Further care for the Leningradskaya cherry variety

This variety needs to be watered several times a season:
during the blooming of flowers, during the period of active ripening of berries and in the fall after the end of the deciduous season. At least 20 liters of water are poured into each trunk circle.

Photo of a diagram of proper watering of cherries

Tree trunk circles need to be loosened regularly, removing weeds at the same time.

How to feed cherries

Fertilizers for Leningradskaya cherries are applied every year according to the following scheme:

• in the first ten days of May, a mixture of the following mineral fertilizers is applied to the tree trunk circles - 1 tbsp. l. urea, potassium sulfate and superphosphate for each square of area;
• after the entire harvest is harvested, potassium and phosphorus fertilizers are applied to the cherries;
• After moisture-recharging irrigation in the fall, potassium salt and superphosphate are added to the digging.

How to feed cherries - video

Pruning Leningradskaya cherries

Formative and sanitary pruning of Leningradskaya cherries is carried out in early spring and in the process of preparing the tree for winter.

Photo of the diagram of formative pruning of cherries

All dried and frozen shoots should be cut out, as well as some of the branches growing inside the crown, so as not to thicken it.

Forming cherries - video

Diseases and pests, methods of control and prevention

Most often, agronomists face the following problems:

The weevil is a beetle that eats leaves and chews through fruits.	It infects the plant with a fungus	A month and a half before harvesting, you need to treat the leaves with Decis. It is important to remove fallen leaves and rotten fruits in a timely manner.
The stalk gnaws right through the fruit	It contributes to fruit drying and infection with fungal diseases.	It is necessary to remove the damaged cherries and treat the remains with Metaphos
Cherry shoot moth is very dangerous due to its effects	Because of it, the tree dries out, buds and leaves fall off. It damages the entire “green” part of the cherry	You can get rid of it only with the help of "Karbofos"

Preventive measures in the fight against pests and diseases of cherries

The Vstrecha cherry variety is resistant to fungal diseases (moniliosis and coccomycosis), but there are still cases of infection by these diseases due to unfavorable weather conditions, as well as failure to implement consistent preventive measures, which should not be neglected:

• In late autumn, it is necessary to whiten the trunk and lower branches with a special solution, which can be purchased at garden centers or stores.
• At the beginning of the growing season, the tree should be sprayed with an aqueous solution of copper sulfate at the rate of 100 g/10 l. You can also use fungicides Horus 75 WG, Topsin-M, etc. For the purpose of prevention, treatment with fungicidal preparations is appropriate when the flowers begin to fade and again after 10 days.
• It is necessary to carry out sanitary pruning of weakened and damaged branches only in dry weather and with a well-disinfected tool. After pruning, do not forget to treat the cut areas with garden varnish.
• You should promptly remove and destroy fallen leaves and remains of berries, and carefully inspect the tree bark.

The variety is extremely rarely exposed to massive insect damage. These are the well-known May beetles, cherry weevils, sapwood, caterpillars and others. If there are few trees in the garden, it is possible to fight pests mechanically, manually collecting unwanted “aliens”. In early spring, you can place birdhouses to attract feathered starling helpers into your garden, which eat both adult individuals and larvae of the cockchafer.

Try to use chemicals in extreme cases. After the cherry blossoms, the tree can be sprayed (according to the instructions):

More varieties, good and tasty

When starting to choose the cherry variety that you will plant on your plot, you cannot help but say at least a few words about the tree itself and its characteristics.

Initially, cherry was a heat-loving plant, but due to its taste, it became the object of close attention of breeders.

Already in pre-war times, cherries “went” quite far to the north of the middle zone. Until today, it has been possible to develop varieties that are able to withstand -25-30 degrees of frost.

Among such record holders, the authors of the journal “Science and Life” cite the varieties Odrinka, Revna, Ovstuzhenka, Bryanskaya Rozovaya and Veda, as well as Fatezh and Chermashnaya.

Experts believe that the extreme climatic zone for growing cherries is the Moscow region. Next, the gardener will need some tricks.

Early ripening varieties of cherries

And the way

Thanks to the combination of winter hardiness and taste, the Iput cherry variety has become one of the most famous varieties in Russia and abroad.

The fruits of the variety are quite large, weighing 5-9 grams. Their pulp is tender and sweet, and the berries sometimes crack towards the end of ripening.

Iput begins to bear fruit a little later than the previous variety - at 4-5 years. But the latter has higher winter hardiness and resistance to fungal diseases. It can be pollinated by Tyutchevka, Radnitsa, Bryansk rosea, Ovstuzhenka, and Revna.

Chermashnaya

Chermashnaya takes not in size, but in quantity. With an average berry size of up to 5 grams, trees of this variety provide high productivity and, with proper care, leave their peers behind.

It tastes good too: Chermashnaya berries are sweet, with a slight sourness.

This variety's resistance to cold and disease is average. The first parameter is enough for growing in the conditions of the Moscow region, the second - to protect yourself from major fungal diseases.

Ovstuzhenka, Fatezh, as well as Iput and Raditsa can pollinate Chermashnaya.

Cherry Leningradskaya: description of the variety and its main characteristics

Cherry Leningradskaya is a variety with late-ripening fruits.

The central trunk can reach a height of 3.5-4.5 m. The crown of this cherry is spreading with medium density. The formation of lateral shoots is average, the color of the bark of the trunk and shoots is dark brown, the bark is smooth without cracks. The shoots are well leafy, the shape of the leaf blades is elongated, the tips are rounded. The central veins are thin and clearly visible. The color of the foliage is rich emerald.

Photo of a bush with Leningradskaya cherries

The flowers are medium in size, with white petals, collected in inflorescences, each of which can form up to 4-7 ovaries.

EXCELLENT CHERRY VARIETIES!
Zhukovskaya cherry Lyubskaya cherry Shokoladnitsa
cherry Ripe berries have a wide-heart-shaped or round shape, the color of the dense, smooth skin is dark red; when fully ripened, the berries become dark, almost black. The color of the juicy pulp is dark red. The taste of Leningradskaya cherries is sweetish, with a spicy aftertaste and slight sourness. The seeds are of medium size; in ripe fruits they are partially separated from the pulp. Tasting rating of ripe berries – 4.1-4.2 points out of 5.

Ripe fruits are firmly attached to the stalks, do not fall off after ripening and can hang on the tree for 1.5-2 weeks or more.

Photo of the shape of ripe Leningradskaya cherries

The harvested crop is of universal use, since ripe fruits can be eaten fresh, used to prepare various desserts, frozen and made into jam, or topped into compotes.

This variety is not very resistant to dry seasons, so if there is no rain, then this variety must be watered during the period of bud opening and ovary formation. The variety does not tolerate stagnation of moisture in the soil, so watering is carried out as the top layer of soil dries out.

The resistance of this variety to frost is high,

therefore, freezing of Leningrad cherries does not occur when grown in the North-West of Russia.

Mid-season cherry varieties

Annushka

The berries of this variety justify their dessert purpose: large, sweet fruits weighing up to 10 grams. Expert tasters gave the taste of this variety a rating of 4.8 out of 5 points.

Annushka can fight diseases only mediocrely; she is at risk of coccomycosis, but she has good winter hardiness.

Sweet cherries of the Sestryonka, Donchanka, Yaroslavna, Ugolyok varieties, as well as Valery Chkalov and Donetskaya Beauty, are suitable as a pollinator.

Rechitsa

A variety resistant to cold and disease, with medium-sized sweet berries.

Gardeners often choose this variety for its ease of care and good fruit. Also, the advantages of the variety include the rapid growth of the tree, although it will produce fruits only by the 5th year.

But among the shortcomings is perhaps the only self-sterility inherent in most cherries. Therefore, to accompany Rechitsa you will need a tree of one of these varieties: Ovstuzhenka, Iput or Odrinka.

Cherry Leningradskaya: reviews from those who planted

Ekaterina, 50 years old, Leningrad region: I have long wanted to plant cherries in my garden, but I could not find a variety that would grow well in our cold climate. I chose Leningradskaya black cherries, which, judging by the description, are highly resistant to cold and have good regular yields. The nursery sent me a couple of Leningradskaya seedlings with a closed root system. I planted them in the spring, watered them, and added all the necessary fertilizers to the holes before planting. The trees took root, withstood the cold winters, and after 4 seasons we were pleased with the first harvest. It’s good that I planted a couple of other varieties of cherries nearby, which bloomed at the same time as Leningradskaya. As a result, 6 years have already passed, and now I collect at least 3-4 buckets of ripe fruits from these trees every year. Enough for food and spins.

Sergey, 55 years old, Moscow region: On my plot there is enough space for fruit trees, so several years ago I also planted cherries - Leningrad black and Iput. The trees have taken off well, and last year I already collected good harvests from them. I would like to separately note the high resistance of Leningrad cherries to frost. She never froze, even if the temperature was below -25 degrees Celsius.

The fruit of Russian selection, the Leningrad black cherry, is adapted to harsh winters, as it has high resistance to frost. Therefore, it can be grown in many Russian regions with cold winters.

By following the rules of agricultural technology and planting pollinator trees nearby, you can annually obtain high yields of tasty berries from each tree of a given variety.

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Late varieties of cherries

Melitopol black

There are legends about the taste of Melitopol cherries. And the Melitopol black variety is living proof that they are popular for a reason.

Large berries, weighing up to 8 grams, have a sweet taste, which is emphasized by a slight sourness.

In addition to the listed advantages, it has good winter hardiness and disease resistance.

It can be pollinated by Daibera black, Cosmic, Surprise, Large-fruited.

Tyutchevka

One of the most delicious varieties of cherries with an almost record taste rating of 4.9 out of 5 points. He was awarded it thanks to the medium-sized, but very sweet berries with dense, rich pulp.

The variety can self-pollinate, but the result is unlikely to triple you, so together with Tyutchevka it is recommended to plant Iput, Ovstuzhenka, Raditsa.

Winter hardiness is average, as is resistance to disease.

Rating of the best early varieties of cherries

Leningradskaya black

This popular variety grows up to 6 m. The first fruiting occurs in the 3rd year of the plant’s life in a permanent place. Cherries grow small, but incredibly sweet. There is a slight sourness. To avoid mistakes when choosing, it should be noted that the plant does not require regular care and is characterized by increased resistance not only to parasites, but also to severe frosts.

The rupture of the berry shell is the result of excessive moisture. It gives an excellent harvest only if there are representatives of the Red dense, Leningrad pink or yellow species nearby.

You can purchase a seedling at a price of 900 rubles.

Leningradskaya black cherry

Advantages:

• light sourness;
• excellent survival rate;
• frost resistance;
• sweet berries;
• low maintenance requirements.

Flaws:

• the need for certain varieties to be available nearby for pollination;
• Excessive soil moisture should be avoided.

Memory of Chernyshevsky

These large, dark burgundy fruits are heart-shaped. It is preferable to grow in the Lower Volga region. The plant is tall. The crown is relatively dense, spreading, pyramidal. The weight of the juicy and sweet fruit with a slight sourness reaches 5 g. The shape is wide-heart-shaped, leveled. The color is dark, almost black. The pulp melts in the mouth and separates well from the bone. Belongs to the category of partially self-fertile. But the early pregnancy rate is low. Disease resistance is average.

How much does a seedling cost? The purchase will cost 800 rubles.

cherry Memory of Chernyshevsky

Advantages:

• resistance to severe frosts;
• high productivity;
• sweetish taste with slight sourness;
• ease of aftercare;
• resistance to most fungal infections.

Flaws:

• not identified.

Ovstuzhenka

This low-growing variety is in deserved demand among domestic gardeners. Low plants are characterized by excellent productivity. There is a lot of foliage and among them the ruby, juicy and soft fruits look beautiful. The shape is round. Can be used for canning or eating fresh. The first harvest can be observed 4 years after planting the plant in a permanent place. The ripening period occurs at the end of June. They do not belong to the category of self-fertile, so you should additionally plant the Revna or Tyutchevka varieties. The bone is well separated from the pulp. From one tree you can get about 30 kg of berries per season.

How much does the new product cost? Buying young animals will cost 620 rubles.

cherry Ovstuzhenka

Advantages:

• resistance to severe frosts;
• early period of maturation;
• resistance to most fungi;
• the yield indicator is average but stable;
• excellent taste and aroma.

Flaws:

• not identified.

Turovtsev's favorite

This variety is characterized by early ripening. The fruits have a universal purpose and can be used both for preservation and fresh consumption. From one adult plant you can collect up to 40 kg of berries. Do not lose their presentation during long-term transportation. Can be frozen without subsequent loss of taste. The weight of the cherry reaches 10 g. The color is dark burgundy. Oval shape. The skin is dense. The tree trunk circle is moistened three times per season. The soil is mulched with the addition of subcrusts. Sanitary pruning is carried out regularly. Young animals need shelter with the onset of the first cold weather.

Cost – 460 rubles.

cherry Lyubimitsa Turovtseva

Advantages:

• no sourness;
• juicy and soft pulp;
• versatility;
• unpretentiousness;
• resistance to fungal diseases.

Flaws:

• not identified.

Valery Chkalov

This species belongs to the category of hybrids and was artificially bred in 1956. The weight of the fruit reaches 8 g. Their shape is heart-shaped and large. The berries are juicy and aromatic. They have a rich emerald hue. From the moment of planting, it will take five years before the gardener can taste the fruits. The flowering period occurs at the beginning of May. After two months you can start harvesting. The yield ratio, which exceeds any expectations, deserves special attention. From an adult and healthy tree that has been properly cared for, you can collect up to 170 kg of fruit. The minimum figure for a 12-year-old plant is 60 kg. For pollination, the presence of Yaroslavna, Skorospelka, Aprilka or June early will be required.

Average price – 335 rubles.

cherry Valery Chkalov

Advantages:

• early period of maturation;
• excellent yield ratio;
• resistance to severe frosts;
• average resistance to common fungi and pests;
• versatility.

Flaws:

• gray rot and coccomycosis are fatal to the plant.

Yaroslavna

This subtype was artificially bred in mid-1956 by Liliya Taranenko. The maximum height of the trunk is 3.5 m. The berries have a round shape, and their weight reaches 12 g. They can be frozen, dried, and canned. Retains original appearance during long-term transportation. The berries are slightly sour, sweet and incredibly juicy. This is the best variety to buy for gardeners who have a huge garden. For subsequent pollination, the presence of Donchanka or Annushka will be required. From a young tree you can collect about 30 kg of fruit, while from an adult tree - more than 100 kg. Before choosing the final planting location, you should make sure that there is no groundwater nearby. If the roots are in an excessively humid environment, they begin to die.

How much do young animals cost? The purchase will cost 250 rubles.

cherry Yaroslavna

Advantages:

• excellent yield indicator;
• the fruits do not burst;
• copes well with droughts and severe frosts;
• fruits can be transported over long distances;
• resistance to coccomycosis.

Flaws:

• Regular treatment for fungal diseases is required.

Advice from a practicing gardener

Venedikt Dadykin shared his experience of growing cherries on a summer cottage in the Moscow region in the Science and Life magazine. We have selected the most important tips for you.

When choosing a variety, pay attention to the growing conditions of the tree. Firstly, it needs to be protected from frost and wind, so it is better to plant cherries not far from the house, especially if it is heated in winter. For the same reason, lowlands are not suitable for cherries.

Cherries grow quickly and bear fruit abundantly, so they need nutrition. You should think about this in advance, and when planting, fill the hole with a soil mixture and compost (about planting apple trees). Regular feeding will not be superfluous.

Another important point is temperature changes, which are no less destructive for cherries than cold weather. Therefore, tree trunks must be thoroughly whitened or tightly wrapped with ribbons of dense white material.

Also, from the third year of the tree’s life, begin the formation of the crown: shorten the main branches by 25%, and bend new shoots to the ground. This way you will reduce the considerable height of the cherry tree.

If a rainy summer is expected, treat the trees with copper sulfate or Bordeaux mixture to prevent them from being damaged by fungal diseases.

Sweet cherries are sometimes a capricious berry, but the result is worth it. We hope our description of cherry varieties will help you make the right choice, and tips on growing will help you get a good harvest!

Source: domsadovnika.ru

More varieties, good and tasty

When starting to choose the cherry variety that you will plant on your plot, you cannot help but say at least a few words about the tree itself and its characteristics.

Initially, cherry was a heat-loving plant, but due to its taste, it became the object of close attention of breeders.

Already in pre-war times, cherries “went” quite far to the north of the middle zone. Until today, it has been possible to develop varieties that are able to withstand -25-30 degrees of frost.

Among such record holders, the authors of the journal “Science and Life” cite the varieties Odrinka, Revna, Ovstuzhenka, Bryanskaya Rozovaya and Veda, as well as Fatezh and Chermashnaya.

Experts believe that the extreme climatic zone for growing cherries is the Moscow region. Next, the gardener will need some tricks.

Early ripening varieties of cherries

And the way

Thanks to the combination of winter hardiness and taste, the Iput cherry variety has become one of the most famous varieties in Russia and abroad.

The fruits of the variety are quite large, weighing 5-9 grams. Their pulp is tender and sweet, and the berries sometimes crack towards the end of ripening.

Iput begins to bear fruit a little later than the previous variety - at 4-5 years. But the latter has higher winter hardiness and resistance to fungal diseases. It can be pollinated by Tyutchevka, Radnitsa, Bryansk rosea, Ovstuzhenka, and Revna.

Chermashnaya

Chermashnaya takes not in size, but in quantity. With an average berry size of up to 5 grams, trees of this variety provide high productivity and, with proper care, leave their peers behind.

It tastes good too: Chermashnaya berries are sweet, with a slight sourness.

This variety's resistance to cold and disease is average. The first parameter is enough for growing in the conditions of the Moscow region, the second - to protect yourself from major fungal diseases.

Ovstuzhenka, Fatezh, as well as Iput and Raditsa can pollinate Chermashnaya.

History of the variety's creation

The Leningradskaya black cherry variety was bred by Russian breeders from the Pavlovsk experimental station, located near St. Petersburg. When developing a new variety, experts tried to ensure that the cherry had increased frost resistance. And they succeeded - the Leningradskaya black cherry variety became one of the first with good winter hardiness.

Photo of Leningradskaya cherry

The variety is recommended for cultivation in the Central Russian regions, in the south of the North-Western part.

Brief overview of Leningrad black cherries - video

Mid-season cherry varieties

Annushka

The berries of this variety justify their dessert purpose: large, sweet fruits weighing up to 10 grams. Expert tasters gave the taste of this variety a rating of 4.8 out of 5 points.

Annushka can fight diseases only mediocrely; she is at risk of coccomycosis, but she has good winter hardiness.

Sweet cherries of the Sestryonka, Donchanka, Yaroslavna, Ugolyok varieties, as well as Valery Chkalov and Donetskaya Beauty, are suitable as a pollinator.

Rechitsa

A variety resistant to cold and disease, with medium-sized sweet berries.

Gardeners often choose this variety for its ease of care and good fruit. Also, the advantages of the variety include the rapid growth of the tree, although it will produce fruits only by the 5th year.

But among the shortcomings is perhaps the only self-sterility inherent in most cherries. Therefore, to accompany Rechitsa you will need a tree of one of these varieties: Ovstuzhenka, Iput or Odrinka.

Late varieties of cherries

Melitopol black

There are legends about the taste of Melitopol cherries. And the Melitopol black variety is living proof that they are popular for a reason.

Large berries, weighing up to 8 grams, have a sweet taste, which is emphasized by a slight sourness.

In addition to the listed advantages, it has good winter hardiness and disease resistance.

It can be pollinated by Daibera black, Cosmic, Surprise, Large-fruited.

Tyutchevka

One of the most delicious varieties of cherries with an almost record taste rating of 4.9 out of 5 points. He was awarded it thanks to the medium-sized, but very sweet berries with dense, rich pulp.

The variety can self-pollinate, but the result is unlikely to triple you, so together with Tyutchevka it is recommended to plant Iput, Ovstuzhenka, Raditsa.

Winter hardiness is average, as is resistance to disease.

Brief characteristics of cherry varieties zoned in central Russia

Brief recommendations for selecting cherry varieties and choosing a place for planting them. Almost all varieties cherries self-sterile. For cross-pollination, it is necessary to select varieties of the same flowering period. Cherries - light-loving plant. It is best to plant cherries on the south side of buildings. And at such a distance that the shadow from them does not reach the plants. Plantings should not be placed on the lower sections of slopes or in lowlands where cold air masses accumulate in the spring. Cherries are demanding on soil. Like cherries, it does not tolerate excessive moisture, and certainly not flooding, even short-term.
Variety

Description	Pollinator	Flaws	Advantages
Adeline	A medium-ripening variety. The tree is medium-sized, up to 3.5 m high. The crown is pyramidal, spreading, raised, of medium density. Flowering period is average (May 10-15). The fruits are large , weighing 5.5-6.0 g, heart-shaped, dark red in color. The pulp is dark red, medium density, gristly, the juice is red. The separation of the fruit from the stalk is good. The stone is small and separates well from the pulp. The taste is excellent. Tasting score 4.7 points. Ripening period is mid-July.	Self-sterile. The best pollinators: In memory of Chernyshevsky, poetry, Rechitsa, Pink pearls, Teremoshka	Average winter hardiness of flower buds. Relatively resistant to coccomycosis and moniliosis. Productivity is average.	The tree's winter hardiness is good. Early fruiting (begins bearing fruit in the 4th year). Large fruits with dessert taste. Table variety.
Bryanochka	Late variety The tree is medium-sized, up to 3.5 m high, with a round-oval, sparse crown. Flowering period is late (May 15-20). The fruits are large , 5-6 g, wide-heart-shaped, dark red in color. The pulp is dark red, dense. detachment is good. The stone is small and separates well from the pulp. The taste is excellent. Tasting score 5 points. Ripening period is the end of July.	Self-sterile. The best pollinators are Tyutchevka, Veda, Iput, Michurinka, Revna, Leningrad black.	Precociousness is average (fruiting begins in the 5th year). Blooming flowers may be affected by late spring frosts. Resistance to clasterosporia and moniliosis is average.	Winter-hardy (-32°C). Fruitful. Resistant to coccomycosis. Large fruits with dessert taste.
Bryansk pink	Late variety The tree is medium-sized, up to 3.5 m high, the crown is wide-pyramidal, of medium density. Flowering period - late (May 15-25) Medium-sized fruits weighing 4-5 g, round, pink. The pulp is light yellow, dense, gristly, juicy. detachment is good. The stone is small and difficult to separate from the pulp. The taste is good, sweet. Tasting score 4.1 points. Ripening period is the end of July.	Self-sterile. The best pollinators are Iput, Revna, Tyutchevka, Ovstuzhenka.	Precociousness is average (fruiting begins in the 5th year). Productivity is average. Blooming flowers may be affected by late spring frosts. The bone is difficult to separate from the pulp.	Winter-hardy (-32°C). Resistant to diseases. A tree with moderate growth and requires virtually no pruning. The pulp does not crack and is not affected by rot. Transportability is good. Universal
Veda	Late variety The tree is low-growing, up to 2.5 m high. Flowering period is medium (May 10-15). Medium-sized fruits weighing 4.3-5.2 g, dark red, almost black. The pulp is red, dense. The separation of the fruit from the stalk is dry. The taste is good. Tasting score 4 points. Ripening period is the end of July.	Self-sterile. The best pollinators are Tyutchevka, Bryanochka, Iput, Michurinka, Revna, Leningrad black.	Winter-hardy. Resistant to coccomycosis. Large fruits with good taste. Table variety.
Variety	Description	Pollinator	Flaws	Advantages
Gronkavaya	Early variety The tree is medium-sized, up to 3.5 m high. The crown is wide-pyramidal, of medium density. The fruits are medium-sized , weighing 4-5 g, heart-shaped, smooth, dark red with a waxy coating. The pulp is dark red, medium density, juicy. Severing the fruit from the stalk is dry. The stone is small and separates well from the pulp. The taste is good, sweet. Tasting score 4.8 points. Ripening period is mid-June.	Self-sterile. The best pollinators: Iput, Ovstuzhenka, Raditsa, Fatezh, Cheremashnaya.	Winter-hardy. Highly productive. Early fruiting (begins to bear fruit in the 4th year). Resistant to diseases. Universal.
And the way	Early variety The tree is medium-sized, up to 3.5 m high. The crown is wide-pyramidal, of medium density. Flowering period - early (May 5-10). The fruits are very large, smooth, weighing 5-9 g, blunt-heart-shaped, dark red, almost black. The pulp is dark red, medium density, tender, juicy. Severing the fruit from the stalk is dry. The stone is of medium size and is difficult to separate from the pulp. The taste is sweet. Tasting score 4.5 points. Ripening date is mid-June.	Partially self-fertile. The best pollinators are Revna, Tyutchevka, Raditsa, Bryansk pink, Ovstuzhenka.	Precociousness is average (fruiting begins in the 5th year). The bone is difficult to separate from the pulp. The berries may crack.	The winter hardiness of the tree and flower buds is high (-32°C). Fruitful. Resistant to diseases and pests. Large fruits with good taste. Universal.
Red hill	Early variety Flowering period - early (May 5-10) The tree is low-growing, with a wide-rounded dense crown. The fruits are medium-sized, smooth, weighing 4-5 g, yellow with a beautiful pink blush. The pulp is not colored, tender, soft. The taste is good. Tasting score 4.6 points. Ripening date is mid-June.	Self-sterile. The best pollinators are Revna, Tyutchevka, Raditsa, Bryansk pink, Ovstuzhenka.	Average winter hardiness of flower buds. Moderately resistant to coccomycosis.	The tree's winter hardiness is good (-31°C). Early fruiting (begins bearing fruit in the 4th year). The tree is not tall. Fruits of good taste.
Leningradskaya pink	Medium-ripening variety. The tree is medium-sized, up to 3.5 m high, with a wide, sparse crown. The fruits are small, weighing 3.2 g, heart-shaped, yellow-fawn, with a bright red blush. The pulp is light yellow, tender, juicy, with lightly colored juice. The taste is excellent. Ripening period is mid-July.	Self-sterile. The best pollinators: Adelina, In Memory of Chernyshevsky, poetry, Rechitsa, Pink Pearl, Teremoshka	The fruits are not large enough.	Winter-hardy.
Variety	Description	Pollinator	Flaws	Advantages
Leningradskaya black	Medium-late variety The tree is medium-sized, up to 3.5 m high, with a wide sparse crown. The fruits are large, dark cherry, almost black. The pulp is juicy and tender. The taste is sweet. Ripening period: end of July – mid-September.	Self-sterile. The best pollinators are Tyutchevka, Veda, Iput, Michurinka, Revna, Bryanochka.	Fruit ripening is very extended.	Fruitful. Weakly affected by diseases and pests. Large fruits with good taste.
Michurinka	Late variety The tree is medium-sized, up to 3.5 m high. The crown is round-oval, raised, of medium density. Flowering period - late (May 15-20). The fruits are medium and large, weighing 5.5 g, round oval, dark red. The pulp is red, medium density, tender, juicy. The taste is sweet and sour, good. Ripening period is the end of July.	Self-sterile. The best pollinators are Tyutchevka, Veda, Iput, Bryanochka, Bryanskaya pink, Revna, Leningradskaya black.	Relatively resistant to fungal diseases.	Winter-hardy. Fruitful. Fairly large fruits with good taste. Universal.
Ovstuzhenka	Early variety The tree is medium-sized, the crown is spherical, dense. Flowering period - early (May 5-10). The fruits are large, weighing 4.2-6.7 g, even, round in shape, dark red, almost black. The pulp is red, juicy, medium density. Severing the fruit from the stalk is dry. The stone is medium in size and separates well from the pulp. The taste is sweet, very good. Tasting score – 4.5 points Ripening period – mid-June.	Partially self-fertile. The best pollinators are Iput, Bryansk pink, Revna, Tyutchevka, Raditsa.	Precociousness is average (fruiting begins in the 5th year). Moderately resistant to clasterosporiosis.	Winter-hardy (-31°C). Productivity is high and stable. Resistance to coccomycosis and moniliosis is high. The fruits are fairly large, have good taste, and do not crack. Universal.
Orlovskaya pink	Medium-ripening variety The tree is medium-sized, up to 3.5 m high, the crown is pyramidal, of medium density. Flowering period is medium (May 10-15). The fruits are small, weighing 3.5 g, aligned, wide-round in shape, pink in color. The pulp is pink, medium density, juicy, colorless juice. Severing the fruit from the stalk is dry. The stone is medium in size and separates well from the pulp. The taste is sweet and sour, very good. Tasting score 4.4 points. Ripening period is mid-July.	Self-sterile. The best pollinators: Adelina, In Memory of Chernyshevsky, poetry, Rechitsa, Pink Pearl, Teremoshka	The winter hardiness of the tree is average. Relatively resistant to fungal diseases. The fruits are not large enough.	Winter hardiness of flower buds is high. Early fruiting (begins bearing fruit in the 3rd year). Productive (10 kg per tree). Table variety.
Variety	Description	Pollinator	Flaws	Advantages
In memory of Chernyshevsky	Medium ripening variety. The tree is large and fast growing. The crown is pyramidal, raised. The fruits are medium-sized, one-dimensional, weighing 4.8 g, wide-heart-shaped, dark red in color. The pulp is dark red, tender, melting. Severing the fruit from the stalk is dry. The stone is medium in size and separates well from the pulp. The taste is sweet and sour, very good. Tasting score 4.8 points. Ripening period - mid - end of July.	Partially self-fertile. The best pollinators: Adelina, Poetry, Rechitsa, Pink Pearl, Teremoshka	Winter-hardy (-27°C). (The yield is high (20 kg per tree) and regular. Early fruiting (begins bearing fruit in the 4th year). Transportability is good. Quite large fruits with a dessert taste.
Poetry	Medium-ripening variety The tree is medium-sized, up to 3.5 m high, the crown is pyramidal, of medium density. Flowering period is average (May 10-15). The fruits are large, weighing 5.5-6 g, aligned, heart-shaped, dark red in color. The pulp is creamy, dense, gristly, the juice is colorless. Severing the fruit from the stalk is dry. The stone is large and separates well from the pulp. The taste is sweet and sour, very good. Tasting score 4.8 points. Ripening period is mid-July.	Self-sterile. The best pollinators: Adeline, In Memory of Chernyshevsky, Rechitsa, Pink Pearl, Teremoshka	Moderately winter-hardy. Moderately drought-resistant. Relatively resistant to coccomycosis and moniliosis. Not early-bearing (begins to bear fruit in the 6th year).	Productive (10 kg per tree). The durability of the tree is high. Large fruits with a dessert taste and resistant to cracking. Table variety.
Homestead yellow	Early variety The tree is medium-sized, with a wide-round, medium-density crown. Flowering period is early (May 5-10). The fruits are large , one-dimensional, weighing 5.5 g, wide-heart-shaped, yellow. The pulp is yellow, juicy, gristly, the juice is colorless. Severing the fruit from the stalk is dry. The stone is large and separates well from the pulp. The taste is sweet and sour, very good. Tasting score 4.7 points. Ripening period is mid-June.	self-fertile	Not early-bearing (begins to bear fruit in the 6th year). The tree is very big.	Winter-hardy. Fruitful. Resistant to diseases and pests. Self-fertile. The fruits are quite large and have a dessert taste and do not crack. Table variety.
Raditsa	Early variety The tree is weak-growing, with a spherical crown of medium density. Flowering period is early (May 5-10). The fruits are medium and large , weighing 4-8 g, oval in shape, dark red, almost black. The pulp is dark red, medium density, the juice is dark red. Severing the fruit from the stalk is dry. The stone is large and separates well from the pulp. The taste is sweet, very good. Tasting score 4.5 points. Ripening period is mid-June.	Self-sterile. The best pollinators are Revna, Iput, Tyutchevka.	Precociousness is average (fruiting begins in the 5th year). Moderately resistant to clasterosporiosis.	Winter-hardy. Vintage. Resistant to coccomycosis and moniliosis. The fruits have a dessert taste and ripen together. Universal.
Variety	Description	Pollinator	Flaws	Advantages
Revna	Late variety The tree is medium-sized, up to 3.5 m high, the crown is pyramidal, of medium density. Flowering period is average (May 10-15). The fruits are medium-sized and large, weighing 4.7-7.7 g, wide-round, dark red, almost black. The pulp is dark red, almost black, dense, juicy. Severing the fruit from the stalk is dry. The stone is medium in size and separates well from the pulp. The taste is sweet and excellent. Tasting score 4.9 points. Ripening period is the end of July.	Partially self-fertile. The best pollinators are Ovstuzhenka, Iput, Tyutchevka, Raditsa, Compact, Venyaminova.	Precociousness is average (fruiting begins in the 5th year). Blooming flowers may be affected by late spring frosts.	Winter-hardy. Productivity is high and regular. Highly resistant to fungal diseases. The fruits are quite large and have a dessert taste and do not crack. Transportability is good. Universal.
Rechitsa	Medium-ripening variety The tree is medium-sized, up to 3.5 m high, the crown is pyramidal, of medium density. Flowering period is average (May 10-15). The fruits are medium and large, weighing 5-6 g, smooth, round, almost black. The pulp is juicy, dark red, dense, gristly, the juice is dark red. Severing the fruit from the stalk is dry. The stone is medium in size and separates well from the pulp. The taste is sweet, very good. Tasting score 4.5 points. Ripening period: end of June - beginning of July.	Self-sterile. The best pollinators are Iput, Ovstuzhenka, Adeline, In Memory of Chernyshevsky, Poetry, Pink Pearl, Teremoshka	Precociousness is average (fruiting begins in the 5th year).	Winter-hardy. Productivity is high and regular. Resistant to fungal diseases. Quite large fruits with good taste.
Pink sunset	Early variety The tree is medium-sized, up to 3.5 m high, compact. Flowering period is early (May 5-10). The fruits are medium-sized, weighing 4-5 g, blunt-hearted, yellow with a pink blush. The pulp is pink, dense, gristly, the juice is colorless. Severing the fruit from the stalk is dry. The stone is medium in size and separates well from the pulp. The taste is sweet, very good. Tasting score 4.7 points. Ripening period is mid-June.	Self-sterile. The best pollinators: Iput, Ovstuzhenka, Raditsa, Fatezh, Cheremashnaya.	Precociousness is average (fruiting begins in the 5th year).	Winter-hardy. Productivity is high and regular.
Pink pearl	Medium-ripening variety The tree is medium-sized, up to 3.5 m high, with a round-oval, raised crown. Flowering period is average (May 10-15). The fruits are large, weighing 5.5-7 g, smooth, round, orange-pink with a red tan. The pulp is medium density, tender, juicy, orange-pink, the juice is light red. Severing the fruit from the stalk is dry. The stone is medium in size and separates well from the pulp. The taste is sweet and sour, very good. Tasting score 4.8 points. Ripening period is mid-July.	Self-sterile. The best pollinators: Michurinka, Michurinskaya late, Adeline, In Memory of Chernyshevsky, poetry, Rechitsa, Teremoshka.	The winter hardiness of the tree is average. Not early-bearing (begins to bear fruit in the 6th year). Relatively resistant to disease. The fruits crack when ripe and are poorly transported.	Winter hardiness of flower buds is high. Drought resistant. Productivity is high and regular. Large fruits with dessert taste. Table variety.
Variety	Description	Pollinator	Flaws	Advantages
Seda	Medium-late variety The tree is tall, with a spherical crown of medium density. Flowering period is average (May 10-15). The fruits are large, with an average weight of 5.5 g, smooth, round in shape, dark red, almost black. The pulp is juicy, tender, red in color. The stone is medium in size and separates well from the pulp. The taste is sweet. Ripening period - mid - end of July.	Self-sterile. The best pollinators are Tyutchevka, Veda, Iput, Michurinka, Revna, Leningradskaya black.	Winter hardiness is average. The tree is big.	Large fruits with dessert taste. Table variety.
Teremoshka	Medium-ripening variety. The tree is low-growing, with a wide-rounded crown of medium density. Flowering period is average (May 10-15). The fruits are large, weighing 5-7 g, leveled, blunt heart-shaped, dark red. The pulp is dense, dark red in color. Severing the fruit from the stalk is dry. The stone is medium in size and separates well from the pulp. The taste is sweet. Tasting score 4.7 points. Ripening period is mid-July.	Self-sterile. The best pollinators are Bryansk pink, Revna, Ovstuzhenka.	Precociousness is average (fruiting begins in the 5th year). Resistance to cluster blight is average.	Winter-hardy. Productivity is good and regular. The tree is small. Resistant to coccomycosis and moniliosis. Large fruits with a dessert taste and do not crack. The fruits are well transported. Universal.
Tyutchevka	Medium-late variety The tree is medium-sized, up to 3.5 m high, with a spherical crown of medium density. Flowering period is average (May 10-15). The fruits are large, weighing 5.3-7.4 g, wide-round, dark red with specks. The pulp is red, dense, juicy, the juice is light red. Severing the fruit from the stalk is dry. The stone is medium in size and difficult to separate from the pulp. The taste is sweet. Tasting score 4.9 points. Ripening period - mid - end of July.	Partially self-fertile. The best pollinators are Iput, Revna, Ovstuzhenka, Raditsa.	Precociousness is average (fruiting begins in the 5th year). Blooming flowers may be affected by late spring frosts. Resistance to coccomycosis and clasterosporiasis is average. The fruits are partially cracked.	Winter-hardy. Productivity is good and regular. Resistant to moniliosis. Large fruits with dessert taste. The transportability of the fruit is good. Universal.
Fatezh	Mid-early variety The tree is medium-sized, up to 3.5 m high, the crown is drooping, of medium density. Flowering period is early (May 5-10). The fruits are medium-sized, weighing 4-5 g, one-dimensional, round, red-yellow. The pulp is dense, gristly, juicy, light pink. Severing the fruit from the stalk is dry. The stone is medium in size and separates well from the pulp. The taste is sweet and sour, very good. Tasting score 4.5 points. Ripening period: beginning - mid-July.	Self-sterile. The best pollinators: Iput, Ovstuzhenka, Raditsa, Cheremashnaya.	Winter hardiness of flower buds is average. Precociousness is average (fruiting begins in the 5th year). Demanding about agricultural technology.	The wood's winter hardiness is high. The yield is good (up to 50 kg per tree) and regular. Resistant to moniliosis and coccomycosis. Universal.
Variety	Description	Pollinator	Flaws	Advantages
Chermashnaya	Early variety The tree is medium-sized, up to 4.5 m high, the crown is round-oval, of medium density. Flowering period is early (May 5-10). The fruits are medium-sized, weighing 4-5 g, one-dimensional, round, yellow. The pulp is tender and juicy. Severing the fruit from the stalk is dry. The stone is medium in size and separates well from the pulp. The taste is sweet with a subtle sourness, dessert. Ripening period is mid-June.	Self-sterile. The best pollinators: Iput, Ovstuzhenka, Raditsa, Fatezh.	Winter-hardy. Fruitful. Resistant to fungal diseases. Table variety.
Yaroslavna	Mid-early variety The tree is vigorous, the crown is round and of medium density. Flowering period is early (May 5-10). The fruits are very large, weighing 7-8 g, one-dimensional, round-oval, dark red, almost black. The pulp is tender and juicy. Severing the fruit from the stalk is dry. The stone is medium in size and separates well from the pulp. The taste is sweet and sour, good. Tasting score 4-4.5 points. Ripening period: early-mid June.	Self-sterile. The best pollinators: Iput, Ovstuzhenka, Raditsa, Fatezh, Cheremashnaya.	Precociousness is average (fruiting begins in the 5th year). Moderately resistant to fungal diseases.	Winter-hardy. Drought resistant. Fruitful. Large fruits with good taste. Universal.

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Advice from a practicing gardener

Venedikt Dadykin shared his experience of growing cherries on a summer cottage in the Moscow region in the Science and Life magazine. We have selected the most important tips for you.

When choosing a variety, pay attention to the growing conditions of the tree. Firstly, it needs to be protected from frost and wind, so it is better to plant cherries not far from the house, especially if it is heated in winter. For the same reason, lowlands are not suitable for cherries.

Cherries grow quickly and bear fruit abundantly, so they need nutrition. You should think about this in advance, and when planting, fill the hole with a soil mixture and compost (about planting apple trees). Regular feeding will not be superfluous.

Another important point is temperature changes, which are no less destructive for cherries than cold weather. Therefore, tree trunks must be thoroughly whitened or tightly wrapped with ribbons of dense white material.

Also, from the third year of the tree’s life, begin the formation of the crown: shorten the main branches by 25%, and bend new shoots to the ground. This way you will reduce the considerable height of the cherry tree.

If a rainy summer is expected, treat the trees with copper sulfate or Bordeaux mixture to prevent them from being damaged by fungal diseases.

Sweet cherries are sometimes a capricious berry, but the result is worth it. We hope our description of cherry varieties will help you make the right choice, and tips on growing will help you get a good harvest!

Source: dachasadovnika.ru