The best varieties of peas are well known among gardeners, but every year breeders develop new, improved species. Cultivars have been bred for fresh consumption, for culinary processing and preparations. The plants are unpretentious, high-yielding, and some are even cold-resistant. The crop is divided into 2 varieties based on the structure of the pod:
- peeling, with parchment doors;
- sugar or asparagus (there is semi-sugar) with fleshy, edible walls.
Peas of both types are distinguished by the shape of the grains:
- smooth;
- cerebral, with a wrinkled surface after ripening.
According to their purpose, the varieties are:
- universal, used for fresh eating, canning green peas and cooking various dishes from ripe hard grains;
- canned - green peas are used to make preparations, since they are too hard for culinary processing;
- table peas - hard, starchy peas are easily boiled in soups and purees.
Grains of almost all varieties are eaten in the stage of milk (silage) maturity. High-quality varieties do not lie down and do not fall out spontaneously.
Shelling pea variety
Ripe, starchy fruits of this type are consumed after hot cooking and are used in the chemical industry. The seeds are round, smooth, the pods are hard, with a large proportion of parchment. Young peas are tasty, although not as juicy as those of sugar-type plants. They ripen quickly and become mealy.
Feltham first
The earliest productive variety, low, reaches 45 cm, large pods, with fragrant peas. Biological maturity after 3 months. Very resistant to temperature changes. Recommended for late sowings, when the green crop is harvested in the fall. Requires support.
Vegetable miracle
Mid-season green peas for universal use reach milky ripeness in 2 months. Resistant to typical diseases. Stems up to 50 cm. A feature of the pea variety without leaves is the ability to maintain a vertical position. The plant does not lie down because instead of small leaves it has developed tendrils with which the stems intertwine and hold on to each other. Pods of 10-11 cm have 9-10 tasty grains.
Dakota
An early ripening, universal variety, technical maturity occurs in 80 days. Not affected by powdery mildew and fusarium, drought-resistant. High-yielding: beans 8 cm long with 7 grains with a diameter of up to 10 mm. Stem – 65 cm.
Fork
Peas are mid-early, high-yielding. The stems are stable, do not lie down, and rise up to 1.2 m. Beans 7 cm long are not attacked by the pea codling moth.
Voronezh green
An ultra-early variety, which is tried from 45-50 days of growth. Stems 70-90 cm, require support, with 12-17 slightly curved pods. 8-10 grains, sweet, fleshy.
Dinga
Mid-season peas that are not susceptible to fusarium but are susceptible to powdery mildew. Sow early, the variety is not afraid of frost. Height 50-55 cm, pods with 9-10 peas are curved, 9-11 cm long, 1.3-1.4 cm wide. They ripen for fresh consumption after 55 days, later the blades become wrinkled. Used for preservation.
Meteor
An improved high-yielding variety based on Feltham first. Easily tolerates cold weather. The beans are small but well filled. Recommended for late summer sowing with harvesting in October-November. It has a brighter aroma.
Attention! Pea roots enrich the soil with nitrogen during their life processes. It is a good precursor for most crops.
Which peas to choose for freezing
In order for peas to tolerate the freezing process well, you need to know which varieties to choose.
For preparing the product in its purified form, varieties with brainy and smooth seeds are suitable. Such varieties are sweet and tender, but harvesting with pods is not allowed, since they have a parchment structure, which excludes the possibility of their consumption as food. If you plan to harvest the product in pods, then “Snow” and “Sugar” varieties are suitable for these purposes. The “Sugar” pea variety has thick pods, while the “Snow” variety has flat, unripe seeds.
The pod itself of these varieties is soft and can be eaten after cooking.
Tall pea varieties
High-yielding plants reach 1.8-2 m. These varieties of pea varieties require mandatory support or placement near a fence.
Giant
Early sugar peas with a stem up to 1.7 m ripen to milky ripeness in 55 days. The pods are slightly curved with 8-10 grains. The walls of the beans are fleshy, juicy, without parchment. From 1 sq. m collect more than 1 kg of dietary vegetables. The holes are made according to the 15x30 cm pattern.
Miracle spatula
In a mid-season universal variety of shelling type, the powerful stem reaches 1.5-1.7 m. The beans are large, 10-11 cm, with 8-9 peas with a diameter of 0.9-10 mm of high taste.
Telephone
Productive late peas with extended fruiting. Harvesting begins after 100-110 days, at the same time flowering continues and the creation of new ovaries on top of the stem. Systematic formation of pods is possible with regular collection of already ripe ones and sufficient soil moisture. Beans measuring 10-11 cm with tasty grains hang abundantly from a powerful plant 2 m long, and in nutritious soils the height increases.
Zhegalova 112
High-yielding sugar peas of the old variety, on the register since 1943, medium ripening. Harvested in milky ripeness on the 55-60th day of growth. Fruiting lasts from 2 to 3 weeks. The 1.2-1.8 m stem is strewn with beans 10 to 15 cm long and up to 2.5 cm wide, which can hold only 5-8 very large, juicy peas of a rounded angular shape. From 1 sq. m harvest 1.2-1.5 kg of sugar variety. The walls of young pods are also edible.
Sugar snap
A variety of sugar snap peas from the USA stretches up to 1.5-2 m. A real delicacy, with fleshy and long beans. Inside there are 7-9 large blades, sweet, like the valves. The plant needs support and nutritious, moist soil.
Areas of application
Tall peas come in sugar and shelled varieties. The first is used for food together with the pod skin, the second - exclusively with grains. This allows you to expand the scope of application of the culture:
- Cooking - preparing soups, a variety of cereals, casseroles, salads, desserts, puddings, pies, pies, canned food, etc.
- Cosmetology – making masks for face, hair and nails.
- Traditional medicine – treatment of anemia, heart, circulatory system, diabetes, obesity and other diseases. Peas remove cholesterol and other harmful substances from the body, normalize metabolism, speed up all processes, and strengthen the immune system.
Tall peas are stored canned, frozen and dry. Many nationalities grind dried beans into flour, which is used as a base for bread, pancakes, desserts, pancakes, and pasta.
Brain pea varieties
Peas are characterized by an increased sugar content in the milk ripeness phase, up to 6-9%. Young peas are sweet and tasty, but when ripe they shrivel and are not even suitable for soups or purees. Their structure is very dense and does not boil down. Used during the period of silage ripeness for freezing and canning, like the German variety Dinga.
Golden eagle
The plant is drought-resistant, mid-season, the beans are harvested after 60-65 days. A vigorous stem of 80 cm requires installation of support. Slightly curved, narrow pods 9-11 cm long contain up to 7-9 sweet and juicy fruits. Productivity per 1 sq. m is 600-900 g.
Honey cake
Low-growing, up to 40 cm, mid-season plant of the peeling variety. The long, wide pods are filled with uniform, tasty grains. Suitable for canning and cooking. The yield is average, up to 500 g per 1 sq. m.
Adagumsky
Included in the State Register in 1975, it still maintains its position in popularity. On one stem 60-80 cm high, 8-14 straight beans are tied, 7 cm long, containing 6-9 tasty and juicy medium-sized fruits. Productivity is high - up to 0.9-1 kg per 1 sq.m. The plant is not susceptible to powdery mildew and ascochyta blight.
Prelado
An ultra-early peeling variety with good adaptability to development conditions is sown early. It is valued as a drought-resistant species, productive, and resistant to yellow mosaic and fusarium. The beans are ready in 40-50 days. The stem is 70 cm, does not lodge, the pods are 9-10 cm, with 7-9 peas of high taste.
Tropar
A low plant, 45-50 cm, forms pods almost above the ground, at a height of 20 cm. Ripens early - after 46 days. The beans are straight, 8-9 cm long, with 6-7 angular tasty fruits. From 1 sq. m harvest 250-550 g of peas. The variety is not affected by fusarium and ascochyta blight.
Advice! Peas are planted in an area where cabbage, melons, cucumbers, and potatoes used to grow.
Varieties of large peas
There are many varieties and types of peas; from the photo you can see the diversity of the crop. There are several large-fruited plants with beans over 10 cm: Prelado, Telefon, Zhegalova 112 and others. Mostly these varieties are medium and late ripening, although there are also early ones among them. The stems are tall and powerful, capable of supporting the weight of a dozen large beans with heavy peas. Many varieties require supports. Plants have been developed that are resistant to lodging, but with large pods.
Gribovsky 11
A resistant early variety is suitable for eating and processing after 51-58 days. Long, straight and large beans reach 10 cm, bear 8-10 tender and sweet round fruits of the brain type. Peas Early Gribovsky 11 with a stem 40-70 cm high do not lodge. Used for fresh delicacies and preparations.
Emerald
The variety is peeling, mid-season, 70-85 cm tall with 5-9 pods, suitable for the southern regions. Ready-to-eat beans up to 12 cm long bear 10-12 small brain peas. Sugar content – 6.25%. Not susceptible to powdery mildew.
Russian size F1
Late harvest peas with beans over 10 cm, tightly filled with very large grains with a diameter of 1 cm. The peas are delicate in structure and sweet. They are eaten raw, canned and frozen.
Harvest and storage
Sugar peas must be harvested gradually as they ripen. Tear the pods carefully so as not to break the stems.
Sugar snap peas are very tasty, so they are often consumed fresh. The pods should be placed in the refrigerator or other cool place. They can stay there for up to 2-3 weeks.
For long-term storage of crops, different methods are used:
- Freezing . Both peas and whole pods are frozen. First, you need to lay out the raw materials in one layer, and after hardening, put them in a bag or container.
- Canning . More often, peas are prepared in a marinade of water, vinegar, salt and sugar.
- Drying . You can dry peas naturally, in an oven, or in a special dryer. Store raw materials in sealed containers.
For information on how to preserve peas, watch the following video:
Sugar snap peas are tender and sweet, which is what children love most. Growing this crop is not difficult; the crop can be harvested in different ways. When planting and caring for, you need to take into account the recommendations for a particular variety.
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Sweet Pea Varieties
The variety is characterized by fleshy pods with walls of a delicate consistency, which lack a parchment layer. These types and varieties of peas can be called asparagus peas. The pods are collected a week and a half after flowering, in the phase of their milky ripeness. The beans are usually boiled together with still small, underdeveloped peas for soups and stews, chopped into small pieces. When the peas are filled with sweet juice, they are eaten fresh, canned and frozen. The grains are small, but very tender and tasty. When ripe, the fruits harden and are not used for pea puree. The most famous are the tall Zhegalova 112, Inexhaustible-195, Alpha.
Ambrosia
Among the varieties of peas, Ambrosia is a favorite in vegetable gardens. An early ripening sugar crop ripens in 45-55 days. The plant is low, 50-70 cm, with the lower pods forming 35 cm from the ground. Large beans, ripen from 1 bud in 2, 9-10 cm long, have 7-9 tender and juicy grains. From 1 sq. m average harvest - 500-600 g of green peas. Be sure to install supports.
Baby sugar
An early ripening variety, after 61-69 days, with a stem up to 80 cm high, which requires support. The plant bears 12-14 wide beans, 5-8 cm long, sometimes up to 11 cm. There are 5-9 peas inside. Cold-resistant, high-yielding, from 1 sq. m harvest up to 1.5 kg.
Oscar
Peas are mid-season, can be used from 65-70 days of development. The tall stem, up to 80 cm, requires a garter. The beans are curved, 10-12 cm long, with 10-12 peas with a diameter of 8-10 mm. The yield is 600-900 g per 1 sq. m. Resistant to diseases, moderately susceptible to fusarium.
Slider-Sugar
Leafless pea beans will ripen early, in 52-54 days. But the plant sets new pods, so Slider-Sugar is famous for its long fruiting period. Narrow beans are slightly curved, 9-10 cm high, contain 8-9 grains. Productivity – 400-500 g per 1 square. m. The height of the stem reaches 70-80 cm, but due to the modified leaves, in place of which tenacious tendrils are formed in similar varieties, the plants support each other and do not lie down.
Sugar
The mid-season proven variety Sugar-2 is valuable because there are no voids in the pod and the grains are tightly packed. The plant is up to 80 cm high, resistant to lodging, matures by 55-63 days of development. The pod is long, 7-10 cm, carries 7-8 seeds.
Important! Before planting, peas are soaked overnight. If there is a threat of return frosts, peas are sown with dry seeds.
Rules of care
Caring for tall peas comes down to following agricultural practices for growing legumes:
- Watering. Before the flowering period, the crop is watered once every 7 days, during and after flowering - twice a week. Overmoistening should not be allowed - the earth should not be wet, but it is also unacceptable to overdry it.
- Weeding and loosening. Procedures are carried out as needed - when weeds and dry crust form on the ground.
- Fertilizer application. Fertilizing is carried out 2-3 times during the growing season - before flowering, after flowering and after the formation of pods. Usually organic matter and Nitroammofoska are used, but it is also permissible to add other minerals depending on the composition of the soil. The only exception is nitrogen, since pea crops accumulate it in the root system.
- Pinching. Makes it possible to increase the amount of harvest. To do this, the tops are pinched, from which new side shoots then grow.
The most important rule for tall peas is garter. Thanks to the procedure, the risk of fungal infection and insect infestation is reduced. In addition, the plant receives enough light, heat and aeration.
There are several options for creating a support structure:
- Tie to a separate support. To do this, you will need wooden stakes or dry branches after pruning the trees. The slats are sunk into the ground near each bush. The pea stems are directed counterclockwise along the support - the vine should wrap around the stick.
- Hut. Install the wooden slats at an angle to each other. Tie the upper part with a strong rope or pull it with soft wire. That is, you should get an inverted V-shaped structure.
- Wigwam. Since the structure is round, the peas will have to be planted according to a different pattern - around the hut. To begin, install a wooden or metal strip in the center. Other support stakes are driven into it at an angle, after which they are connected from above with twine. The lower part is also fastened with wire and wooden sticks, thanks to which the structure is strengthened and the pea tendrils have something to cling to.
- Trellis method. At a distance of 1 meter, install wooden supports (metal or plastic). Attach a mesh with large cells to them. An economical option - connect the trellises using a strong rope or wire in several rows (from bottom to top).
The height of the structure should not be less than the length of the stems (depending on the variety), but preference is given to elements up to 2 meters. It is better to install any supports on the site before planting the seed.
Pea varieties that do not require support
Plants with low stems or abundantly equipped with tendrils can do without a garter. The seeds of such peas are the best varieties for a hassle-free garden.
Avola peas
A mid-season, peeling-type variety is ready for consumption after 55-60 days of development. Uniform pods 8 cm long are tied on stems 65-75 cm high. Each contains 7-8 round sweet fruits. The plant is unpretentious to weather conditions and is not affected by fusarium. The product tastes good both fresh and frozen or canned.
Alpha
One of the early ones, ripens in 47-53 days, amazes with its yield: up to 2.8 kg of pods and 480-900 g of green peas per 1 sq. m. The stems are low, up to 50 cm. The pods are 7-9 cm long, up to 1.4 cm wide. 5-9 peas of a square-compressed shape are tightly packed inside. Used fresh and for canning. The plants do not lodge and are resistant to fusarium. It is grown in many regions, except for the Ural, northern and Volgo-Vyatka regions.
Early ripening pea varieties
Early ripening plants that quickly form a harvest are suitable for the climate of the middle zone, the Urals and Siberia: Oscar, Alpha, Ambrosia and others.
Innovesa
Shelling type peas with sweet brain fruits. Ripens in 43-45 days from the start of sprouts. The plant is low, with an average yield of 300-400 g per 1 sq. m.
Corwin
Delicious brain peas from the southern shelling variety Corvin, with a yield of 400-500 g per 1 sq. m. Ripen after 40-50 days. The stem is low and stable. The fruits are large.
Pea varieties for Siberia
In regions with harsh climates, pea seeds are popular in those varieties that have shown endurance to temperature changes during testing: Narymsky 11, Children's Sugar, Berkut, Alpha, Altai Izumrud, Miracle of Kelvidon.
Nikita
Shelling type of low-growing peas, in which pods are formed already at a height of 7 cm from the soil. Ultra-early, ripens in 32-35 days, recommended for Western Siberia. The plant has a yield of 650-730 g per 1 sq. m.
Sprinter
Recommended for central regions and the East Siberian region. A shelling variety with juicy and sweet brain-type peas that contain 7.4% sugar. From 1 sq. m harvest 350-900 g. Stems of medium height, 50-70 cm, are moderately resistant to root rot.
