The old and numerous family of pear varieties that came to us from Europe “Bere”, also known as “Bera” or “Bera” (in French “beurre” - butter) is distinguished by its juicy fruit pulp that melts in the mouth like butter. This common property of pears of this class is the reason why it is called “butter”.
Bera is an autumn pear, less often a winter one, and even less often a summer one. Dozens of pear varieties of this family are known, some of which are popular in Europe and other regions of the planet, and some of the varieties have successfully taken root in our country. In our country, the pear of this family is distributed mostly in the southern regions and in the west.
Bere bosk
Having French origin, it is successfully in demand in Asia, America, Australia, Europe and is one of the progenitors of a number of later varieties. It is deservedly called “the aristocrat among pears” thanks to its juicy, “melt-in-your-mouth” pulp with a spicy hint of taste and notes of almonds. This pear was bred in the 18th century by the French pomologist Bosc, after whom it was named. Other names for this variety: Apremon, Alexander.
The fruit is popular in the former southern and Asian republics of the CIS. In Russia, the variety is zoned in the central part and foothills of the Stavropol region, the Black Sea and foothills of the Kuban, as well as in the Crimea and Transcaucasia. Due to low frost resistance, pear seedlings of this species, Bere Bosc, are not considered popular among gardeners in colder regions.
The trees are vigorous, the crown is large, asymmetrical, wide-pyramidal. Flowering occurs quite late, this helps reduce the damage caused by spring frosts. The variety is slightly susceptible to scab disease. The fruits are large (weighing from 140 to 250 grams), elongated in shape, their skin becomes bronze in color when ripe, and the flesh is white or cream in color. The fruit is not suitable for long-term storage - it soon loses its juiciness.
Reviews
The tree is small and hardy. Berezhenaya and Pamyat Yakovlev were planted together on the site. Both pears bear fruit well. Berezhenaya’s fruits, although small, are very tasty.
Nastya
Izhevsk
I planted this pear relatively recently. Several years ago it began to bear fruit, and the whole family was pleasantly surprised by the wonderful taste of the fruit. The tree’s immunity is really good; in all the time it’s been growing for me, it’s never gotten sick.
Sergey
Naberezhnye Chelny
This variety has small pears, but they turned out to be very sweet. The tree does not get sick, tolerates sub-zero temperatures well and bears fruit every year. Everything suits me.
Alexandra
Ignatyevka
Bere Russian
Ripening in late autumn and early winter, it was created by breeders of a horticultural enterprise in Rossoshi in the 80s of the last century by crossing the Forest Beauty pear and Bere winter Michurina.
The plants are not very tall with a wide pyramidal crown. The fruits are not very large (140-200 g). The skin of this Bere pear is golden, with a reddish tint on the side illuminated by the sun. The pulp has a sweet and sour taste.
Advantages of this variety:
- suffers little from scab and powdery mildew;
- thanks to the strong skin, the fruit is well transported;
- in the south of the Voronezh region it showed high resistance to winter conditions;
- pears are suitable for long-term storage.
Tip: in the absence of a cellar, this fruit can be stored in the refrigerator for a long time. To do this, you should carefully select fruits with preserved stalks, intact, healthy and dry skins; you can wrap each fruit in a dry paper napkin. Periodic inspection and removal of fruits that are starting to rot will protect the remaining stock from rapid spoilage.
Diseases and pests
The variety has good resistance to fungal diseases, but this does not save the tree from other pests and insect attacks. To avoid having to treat the pear, more attention should be paid to prevention.
Detailed instructions for carrying out preventive measures can be found in the selection of articles listed below
Dangerous Pear Pests
Pears often suffer from pests, they affect the leaves, bark and fruits.
In this article, we have selected 11 of the most harmful insects that harm pear trees, and also ways to destroy them.
Diseases of pear trees
To get what they cherish, gardeners have to work hard, and the reason for this is pear diseases.
Read about 19 common pear diseases and how to combat them.
Bere Kyiv
The pear was selected by the Ukrainian scientist I.M. Kovtun by crossing the Forest Beauty and Olivier de Serre varieties.
The trees are medium and tall, with a branched crown in the shape of a pyramid. Ripens at the border between autumn and winter. The fruits are large, 160-280 g, elongated. The skin is smooth, decorated with gray dots, the fruit is yellow with a green tint. The plant suffers little from scab. Zoned in the south of Ukraine.
It is drought-resistant, moderately resistant to winter conditions, and under normal conditions the crop is stored for up to 2-3 months.
Description of the fruits of the pear variety “Berezhenaya” or “Bere yellow”
The fruits of “Berezhenaya” are attractive in appearance, reaching a weight of 90 to 120 grams. Shrushki have a regular ovoid shape, one-dimensional and aligned - both in shape and size. The skin is tender, even and smooth, glistens in the sun, light yellow in color, there is no outer coloring.
Weak subcutaneous points in the fetus without rustiness, very small. The peduncle is medium in thickness and length. The subcalyx tube is rather short, the calyx is open. The saucer is very narrow and shallow. The seed chambers are fragile, thin, the heart is small. The seeds themselves are dark, brown and quite large.
“Bere yellow” is very juicy and tender, has a medium-density creamy pulp, close to the oily type, without hard grains. The taste of the fruit is very harmonious, sweet and sour, with rich flavors and a fragrant aftertaste. When aged for a week, the pears lose their slight astringency and acquire a unique sweet taste with a spicy aroma. The tasting assessment of taste qualities is high.
In addition to its appetizing appearance and excellent taste, the variety is famous for its beneficial properties with a rich content of vitamins, macro- and microelements.
The variety is high-yielding, like many Ural pears. When ripe, the fruits do not fall off, but are tightly held on the branches, fruiting is regular. The marketability and transportability of Bere Zheltoy are above average - the fruits can last up to 75 days, but at favorable temperatures they will be stored for up to four months.
Dessert pears are especially good for fresh consumption, but are also excellent for technical processing - into compotes, juices, jams and confitures.
Bere gardi
An old species created in the 19th century by the French selector Bonnet. Distributed in the Caucasus region, Crimea, and the Black Sea coast. Ripens in autumn.
The tree is tall and pyramidal. Flowering in medium terms. Drought resistance is low. As the plant ages, the size of the fruit increases, changing from medium to large (110-200 g). The skin is strong, rough, and as it matures, the color changes from green to golden. The pulp is white, has a delicate juicy taste with a wine overtone.
Pros: low incidence of scab, frost resistance, shelf life up to 3 months.
Among experienced gardeners, grafting Bere Gardi and Bere Ardanpon pears onto quince is popular, which makes the plant low-growing, convenient for processing branches and harvesting.
Tip: Using fruit-bearing trees of different heights will allow you to use your garden space more efficiently. Growing low-growing trees in the southern part of the site will not deprive tall species in its northern part of sunlight.
Features of cultivation
Growing conditions directly affect the taste and external qualities of the fruit. So with the Bere pear it is difficult to ignore growing standards.
Planting pear seedlings
Some Bere varieties are capable of self-pollination, but the yield is low. To get a truly decent harvest, it is necessary to plant pollinators nearby - pears of other varieties.
Bera is very demanding when it comes to watering. Most varieties do not tolerate drought. It is necessary to water 3-4 times per season, but abundantly (30 liters per square meter). And to prevent the root system from starting to rot, it is necessary to make a good drainage layer before planting to drain away all excess water.
Fertilizers are applied from 3 years after planting (if the soil was well fertilized during planting). Fertilize pears in spring and autumn. During the summer, this is done if there are a lot of fruits, on the contrary, there are few, or if the tree has been ill (to maintain its strength). Organics are added once every 3 years, and minerals can be added 2 times a year.
The Bere pear is a vigorous tree, so pruning is carried out every year. From the age of 2 years, formative pruning is carried out. At the same time, sanitary pruning must be carried out annually, in autumn or early spring. All diseased, frozen or dry branches should be cut off, and the cut areas should be treated with garden varnish.
Beres rarely boast resistance to frost. For the winter, these trees are usually insulated so that they do not die in the event of sudden severe frosts. The trunk is tightly wrapped with any insulating material. The root system can be protected by mulching. The mulch is spread into the tree trunk circle in a layer of 30-35 cm.
Bere Durando
The pear was bred by Belgian breeders. This fall-ripening variety is characterized by generous fruiting and rarely suffers from scab. The tree is not very tall, it has the shape of a pyramid.
The variety is distinguished by large, lumpy fruits that are golden in color with a red blush. The pear is juicy and white inside. Can be stored for about a month.
Bere Giffard
The summer-ripening pear was bred from a seedling accidentally discovered in the 19th century by the French breeder Giffard. Zoned in the Lower Volga and North Caucasus regions.
The plant has a medium height, a ball-shaped crown, and early flowering. The fruits are small, 70-100 g, green and yellow in color, browned on the illuminated side. Keeping quality is poor.
This summer Bere pear is widely used in the selection of more modern varieties.
Landing
For full development, the tree must be planted in fertile, loamy soil, in a well-lit area. Recommendations for planting the Berezhenaya variety can be found in the articles selected below.
How to plant a pear tree correctly
At what distance to plant pears?
How to choose pear seedlings
How to replant a pear
Representative Bere from the Czech Republic
The old pear variety Bere Ligel (Koperechka, Amoret, Ligel, Muscat Ligel, Liegels Winterbutterbirne) was presumably brought from the Czech Republic and described by the Belgian scientist Ligel in the 18th century.
Due to its frost resistance, it thrives on the Don, in the North Caucasus, and is slightly widespread in the Voronezh and Kursk regions of Russia.
The plant is not very tall. May often get scab. The fruits are small, 120-170 gr., green, delicate in taste, with a nutmeg tint.
Care
Berezhenaya pear does not tolerate hot, dry weather well and needs special attention during this period. Materials on the topic of growing trees of this variety can be found by clicking on the links below.
How to care for a pear Pruning a pear Pruning a columnar pear Treating a pear from diseases and pests Feeding a pear How to water a pear
