Frost-resistant, productive pear variety Chelyabinskaya winter

Description of the variety

Pear is included in the group of winter varieties. Due to its good frost resistance, this variety is successfully grown in the Urals.

Characteristics of wood

Trees of the Chelyabinsk winter variety have average growth vigor. The height of an adult pear can be about 4 meters. The crown is medium dense and has a rounded shape.

Description of fruits

Chelyabinsk winter pear.

Pears are small in size. The average weight of one fruit is 100-110 grams. Some pears reach a weight of 150 grams. The shape of the fruits is standard, pear-shaped.

The main color of the fruit is yellow. There is a slight red blush on the sunny side. Pears are very juicy, sweet in taste, with a pleasant sourness.

Removable fruit maturity occurs in the second ten days of September. Pears reach consumer maturity at the end of November. The shelf life of the harvested crop is 3-4 months.

The best winter pear varieties

Breeders have developed many different varieties of the winter group, but not all of them have the necessary properties for survival in the harsh winters of Russia.

New Year's pear

What it looks like:

• The tree of this species is of medium height; The leaf cover, also known as the crown, has medium density.
• Early fruiting, that is, capable of bearing fruit soon after planting, has a fairly high yield.
• The fruits themselves are medium-sized, broadly pear-shaped.

The taste is sweet and slightly astringent, the flesh is white and only acquires a greenish tint near the skin.

Another positive feature of this crop is its frost resistance. Of course, it is not tall enough for planting in the north, but it is enough to plant a plant in central Russia.

Pear Golden Ball

What it looks like:

• A crop with a tree of medium height, rather large fruits with juicy and sweet pulp. The fruit also has a short pear-shaped shape. Weight up to 120 grams.
• The skin of the fruit of the plant is green with a barely noticeable blush on the sunny side.

Productivity is high. It has immunity to scab, pear mite, good frost resistance, which is slightly higher than that of New Year's. Spring treatment of pears against pests and diseases is necessary.

The Golden Ball variety can be grown in the center of Russia, in Siberia and the Urals, with fairly cold winters and a cold climate.

Chelyabinsk pear

The development was carried out by breeders from the same South Ural Research Institute of Fruit, Vegetable and Potato Growing that bred the Golden Ball.

To obtain this species, Ussuriyskaya was also used, but this time it was crossed with the Severyanka pear. As a result, the breeders received a crop with a tree of medium height, deciduous cover, shaped like a ball.

Characteristics:

• It bears fruit after three years from the moment of planting, the yield is late average, less than that of the plants discussed above.
• The fruits are small, their weight reaches only 100 grams, but some specimens reach 150 grams.
• The fruit has a golden color and has a fairly long shelf life; it can remain in storage until mid-January.

And, undoubtedly, a big advantage of this crop is its high frost resistance; the crop tolerates frosts down to -37 degrees.

Decabrinka

To obtain the variety, the Limonovka Issyk-Kul variety Ussuriyskaya and the Forest Beauty pear were crossed.

Although the variety is from the winter category, it is still late autumn.

This crop can boast of good frost resistance, because it can grow in Siberia, and as we know, Siberian winters are very cold and harsh; in addition to this region, pears are grown in the middle zone and in the south of Russia.

What it looks like:

• As for appearance, the tree of the crop is quite tall, can reach 5 meters, the foliage cover is quite dense, shaped like a ball.
• The fruits of this variety are medium in size, one-dimensional, green in color, but when ripe they acquire a yellowish tint.
• The taste is juicy sweet and sour.

When ripe, you will not find pears under the tree, because they sit quite firmly on the branches and do not fall off.

Pear variety Nart

This is an early winter crop. The tree of this crop grows quite quickly, the foliage is sparse, and its shape resembles a pyramid with a wide base.

The disadvantages of this culture include:

• low yield (in the varieties discussed earlier, it was higher);
• when planting, many factors should be taken into account, because in extreme conditions the crop will not survive;
• The variety is not self-fertile, which means pollinating plants are required for its fruiting.

On the positive side:

• sweet and sour taste;
• the fruits are juicy and beautiful to look at;
• The fruits can be harvested by October; they are well stored and transported.

Pear Rich

This variety has trees of medium height and semi-spreading foliage.

• The fruits of this pear are among the largest (compared to the fruits of other varieties of pears); their weight can reach 230 grams.
• They have a sweet, rich taste, the skin of the fruit has a yellow tint.

You can pick pears throughout October and eat them immediately, since the fruits of this variety do not necessarily need to ripen.

Also, an undoubtedly positive property is its high frost resistance; this crop can tolerate fairly cold and severe winters.

Winter Cube-shaped pear

This crop was developed by crossing Volzhsky Bergamot with the Williams and Lyubimitsa Klappa varieties.

• The trees of this variety are medium-sized, the foliage has a wide-pyromidal shape.
• The fruits of this crop are quite large, the weight can reach 200 grams, the shape, as can be understood from the name, is cube-shaped or, as it is also called, top-shaped.
• Pears are green in color and acquire a golden-yellow hue when ripe.

Also, unlike most varieties of the winter group, the fruits of the winter Cube-shaped pear can be stored for a very long time, almost until spring. The fruits begin to appear after five years of the tree's life.

Bere winter Michurina

As is clear from the name, Ivan Vladimirovich Michurin, director of the breeding and genetic station, worked on the development of this variety. To introduce this crop, wild Ussuri pear and Bere Royale varieties were used.

The tree of this species is medium-sized and shaped like a pyramid.

• The fruits are not very large, light yellow in color, weigh about 120 grams, that is, they are smaller than most winter pears.
• The taste is very juicy, sweet and slightly astringent.

Pear Horup

This crop, like the New Year's pear, does not have sufficient frost resistance for cultivation in the northern regions, but it can be cultivated in central Russia.

The tree of this variety is medium-sized, the fruits are small, their weight reaches only 150 grams, they resemble a ball in shape, the skin of the pears is yellow-green, the fruits taste sweet, slightly astringent and very juicy.

Also, this culture has such a good property as immunity to a fairly large number of pathogenic fungal diseases.

Kuban late pear

The tree of this crop has an average height and irregular shape of leaf cover; this cover itself is sparse.

Characteristic:

• The fruits of this crop are not large (unlike the same pears of the Bogataya variety). The weight of pears is very rarely more than 150 grams.
• The fruits have a regular pear-shaped shape, the skin is green, but during storage and ripening in the fruit storage it turns yellow.
• The flesh of these pears is very soft and sweet.

Pear 68 hybrid

There is no exact information about the varieties used to breed this crop, as well as about the original place of its growth.

This variety is able to grow in regions with a rather harsh climate, as it has good frost resistance. It, like Khorup pears, is almost immune to diseases and various pests.

• The fruits come in different sizes and weights; the weight of some representatives can reach 350 grams.
• They can also vary in shape; they are pear-shaped, oval and conical.
• The fruits have a yellowish-green tint.

Reviews

The pear does not take up much space in the garden, but it does not bear much fruit. To get a good harvest from a tree, you need to regularly apply fertilizers and plant several pollinating varieties next to the Chelyabinsk winter tree.

Nikolai Petrovich

Permian

The fruits of the Chelyabinsk winter are small, but look very appetizing. Pears are yellow, red-sided and incredibly tasty.

Antonina

Naberezhnye Chelny

Chelyabinsk winter is a very good, hardy variety. The trees are frost-resistant and unpretentious, and the collected pears are stored in the cellar until the end of January.

Gregory

Pskov

Harvesting and storage

Pear varieties for Siberia are delicious and winter-hardy

Winter pear varieties are harvested when they are not fully ripe. The harvest period can last up to one week. The timing depends on the specific variety and climatic conditions of the region. Picking unripe fruit is generally not a problem. If you provide the right storage conditions, they will definitely ripen.

Pear storage

Before sending pears for storage, the fruits should be carefully sorted for ripeness/unripeness and the presence/absence of rot, obvious damage or signs of disease. Sick, overripe and damaged specimens are not suitable for long-term storage.

In order for the crop to survive until winter, some effort will be required to ensure proper storage conditions. In this case, the following rules should be followed:

• the best place for storage would be a cellar;
• the cellar must be fumigated with sulfur vapor before placing the pear crop in it;
• a balance of temperature and humidity should be maintained;
• Under no circumstances should pears be stored in close proximity to other fruits;
• Storage containers should be placed 15 cm from the walls of the storage room.

If everything is done correctly, with the onset of cold weather you will be able to please yourself with sweet and aromatic fruits reminiscent of summer.

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Landing

The Chelyabinsk winter pear is undemanding to growing conditions, but performs best in a well-lit area protected from the wind. In the selection of articles below, you can find detailed instructions on selecting and preparing a seat.

How to plant a pear tree correctly

At what distance to plant pears?

How to choose pear seedlings

How to replant a pear

Are there any disadvantages to the variety?

Each plant has its drawbacks, since it is impossible to choose the perfect tree that would please every gardener. Consequently, the Chizhovskaya pear, the care of which requires considerable effort, can also become a problem, in some way. Let's look at the main disadvantages.

1. The fruits become significantly smaller as the tree ages. In the 15th year of growth they will be no more than 80 grams, while on a young tree they initially reached 150-170 g. This happens for several reasons. The first is that the total vegetative mass increases significantly and the tree simply does not have enough fertilizer. The second is a feature of the plant, which is determined at the genetic level. You can increase the mass with fertilizers, but this will not give a global result.
2. Poor resistance to pests. In frosts, this tree was “shot” by 5, but its resistance to pests is almost zero. Any midge tries to eat the fruit or leaves. It is necessary to periodically treat with insecticides.
3. Does not like drought, especially at the early stage of growth, until the root system is properly rooted. It is advisable to water constantly, and protect the stem and leaves from water.

These are all the flaws that can be found. Otherwise, the tree looks on par with others and even surpasses them in many ways, as we saw in the first section.

Care

Trees of this variety are unpretentious in care and standard agricultural technology is sufficient for healthy development. By clicking on the links below, you can find many useful tips on growing the Chelyabinsk winter variety.

How to care for a pear Pruning a pear Pruning a columnar pear Treating a pear from diseases and pests Feeding a pear How to water a pear

Diseases and pests

With regular implementation of preventive measures, pears of this variety are extremely rarely affected by diseases and pests. Useful recommendations for protecting the Chelyabinskaya Zimnyaya plant can be found in the articles selected below.

Dangerous Pear Pests

Pears often suffer from pests, they affect the leaves, bark and fruits.

In this article, we have selected 11 of the most harmful insects that harm pear trees, and also ways to destroy them.

Diseases of pear trees

To get what they cherish, gardeners have to work hard, and the reason for this is pear diseases.

Read about 19 common pear diseases and how to combat them.

Advantages and disadvantages of Chelyabinsk pears

Over the course of several years of growing seedlings and observing several Chelyabinsk pear varieties in the climatic zone of the Volga-Vyatka region, where my garden is located, I noted the advantages and disadvantages of the Ural varieties that had begun to bear fruit.

The main thing regarding the winter hardiness of Chelyabinsk pear varieties. In our region with unstable winters, when severe frosts alternate with thaws, Chelyabinsk pear varieties do not tolerate sudden temperature changes well. In these varieties of pears, the trunk and skeletal branches of the tree are very much affected by frost damage. Also, these pear varieties suffer greatly from sunburn. Based on the observations and conclusions, it is imperative to whitewash the trunk and the main skeletal branches of Chelyabinsk pear varieties.

During the cold winter of 2009-2010, severe frosts lasted for a long time in our area, the temperature dropped below -40C. In such harsh conditions, the fruit buds of all the trees of Chelyabinsk pear varieties froze. And although in the spring the overwintered trees quickly expelled green leaves and generally felt good, there was no flowering: their fruit buds were dead.

And the most important thing is the fruits obtained from Chelyabinsk pear varieties. These varieties bloom profusely and produce many fruits. For better fruit set, it is advisable to plant several different varieties of pear in the garden for cross-pollination. The fruits are large, mostly pear-shaped. But their taste in the descriptions of the varieties is clearly overstated - here the heredity of the Ussuri is guessed. The pulp of the fruit, although juicy, is still strong and tart. Basically, it is the peel that imparts astringency to the fruit; If you remove it before eating, the taste of pears becomes much better.

The fruits of Chelyabinsk pear varieties quickly overripe - their flesh begins to darken and becomes soft, like that of the Ussuri pear. In addition, the collected fruits are not stored at all, as stated. In my garden, the fruits of Chelyabinsk varieties ripen at the end of August or at the beginning of September. Ripe pears immediately fall off the trees, and they even stay in the refrigerator for no more than a week.

Of all the pear varieties created at the South Ural Research Institute, according to the institute’s description, the varieties “Skazochnaya”, “Dekabrinka” and “Krasulya” have good taste. I planted seedlings of these pear varieties on my plot, but they have not yet begun to bear fruit. Therefore, I cannot yet describe their taste qualities.

Of course, for regions with cold winters, Chelyabinsk pear varieties deserve the attention of gardeners. Their undoubted advantages are winter hardiness, high annual yield, and resistance to scab.

With gardeners involved in grafting, I can exchange cuttings of the three Chelyabinsk varieties described above for other varieties of pears or fruit crops.

Alexander Vasilyevich Lukshin (Elniki village, Mordovia) lykhin-organization.n4.biz

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