A productive variety of New Year's winter pear with ruddy fruits

New Year's pear.

Description of the variety

Pears of this variety bear fruit in mid-autumn. Due to their good hardiness, they are successfully grown in many regions of Russia with a temperate climate.

Characteristics of wood

Trees of this variety are characterized by medium growth vigor. The height of an adult pear is 5-6 meters. The crown of the tree is medium dense and has an oval shape. The branches of the pear are covered with gray-brown bark. The foliage is dark green and has a round-oval shape. The leaf blade is smooth, with a characteristic shine.

Description of fruits

New Year's pear variety.

Pears are small and weigh about 100-150 grams. The fruits are standard in shape. The main color is green-olive, turning yellow during ripening. A light crimson blush may appear on the sunny side.

The pears are juicy, sweet and sour, with a slight tartness in taste.

Fruit ripeness occurs at the end of September - beginning of October. The shelf life of the harvested crop is up to 100 days.

Pros and cons of the New Year variety

Among the advantages of the New Year pear variety, it should be noted:

• pleasant taste of fruits;
• frost resistance;
• high yield;
• average resistance to diseases and insect pests;
• increased resistance to scab;
• long shelf life;
• attractive appearance of the fruit;
• winter ripening period.

It should be noted that the variety has virtually no disadvantages in cultivation. The only point: with abundant fruiting, the fruits differ in size, but this minus practically does not bother gardeners.

Reviews

Ilya Ivanovich

Big soldier's

I planted a seedling of this variety at home a couple of years ago. The tree has taken root well, grows quite quickly and overwinters well without shelter. The fruits are delicious, nothing to complain about.

Svetlana

Prokhorovka

I saw a tree of this variety at a friend’s place and I was amazed that the branches were simply strewn with fruits. Of course, pears don’t taste the best, but they make very tasty jam.

Sergey

Gubkin

This variety is very unpretentious. My tree has been growing relatively recently and very rarely problems arise with it. I regularly feed, prune and water the pear tree, and as a result the tree has never gotten sick.

Curé winter

Curé's winter pear is a French selection that appeared more than 2 centuries ago and was found in the forest by Curé Leroy.

Grows well in the Caucasus, Krasnodar Territory and other warm countries. The trees are tall and have a dense, wide-pyramidal crown. Fruiting in 5-6 years. Fruits up to 250 grams. Ripe pears are light green in color with streaks (like dirt). The pulp is white, juicy, sourish-sweet, and has stony cells. The taste is mediocre, somewhat improves with storage.

Cure variety - for use for processing. The harvest starts at the end of September and lasts two weeks. After picking, pears ripen for 3 weeks and then remain for no more than 2 months. This is a self-sterile variety, its best pollinators are Clapp's Favorite and Williams.

Among the advantages: excellent yield, quite winter-hardy (if it freezes, it quickly recovers), drought-resistant.

Its disadvantages: self-sterility, mediocre taste, frequency of fruiting, smaller fruits with a rich harvest.

Landing

When choosing a site for planting a seedling, you should give preference to well-lit areas protected from the wind. By clicking on the links below, you can find useful information on planting the New Year pear variety.

How to plant a pear tree correctly

At what distance to plant pears?

How to choose pear seedlings

How to replant a pear

Optimal growing conditions

This variety is recommended for cultivation in temperate climates, preferably cultivation in central Russia. The New Year's pear has high frost resistance and can be left for a long time without watering.

If you plan to grow a fruit tree in the south, it is important to determine the correct time for planting. In places with very hot summers, it is recommended to plant New Year's pears in early spring. In all other cases, seedlings are planted in the fall, but before the onset of frost. The best time for this: late September - early October. If planting in spring, the optimal time would be late April - early May.

Care

The first years after planting, a young tree needs good care, and in adulthood, periodic pruning, fertilizing and timely watering will suffice. Recommendations for growing pear trees of the New Year variety can be found in the selection of articles below.

How to care for a pear Pruning a pear Pruning a columnar pear Treating a pear from diseases and pests Feeding a pear How to water a pear

What type of pear is it?

It is a universal variety with wide application. It has tender, juicy flesh with a sweetish aftertaste. On a 5-point scale, tasters rated Duchess at 4.8 points.

It is excellently used in medicine - it is an excellent component in the manufacture of cold remedies. Juices made from pears of this variety have hypoallergenic properties.

Duchess is loved by children and adults; juice from it is even given to infants. Pears are low-calorie and form the basis of dietary menus. Contain a large amount of vitamins and minerals.

Duchess is divided into several varieties:

• Duchess Angoulême.
• Duchess Moscow wild.
• Duchess Moscow garden.
• Winter Duchess.
• Summer Duchess.

Often, novice gardeners confuse pear varieties and think, for example, that there is a Bere Duchess variety. This is the deepest misconception, Bere and Duchess are two completely different varieties of pear!

• The Duchess Angoulême pear is low-winter hardy. Widely distributed in the Caucasus and Crimea. Refers to medium-yielding varieties. Fruits from 70 to 150 kilograms per tree.
  The fruiting period can begin quite early. Pears are very large, weighing up to 1 kilogram. The shape is blunt-conical. The ripening period is on average reached in early August.

  The fruits on the trees can be stored for a long time - until November. Valued for its beauty, wonderful fruit aroma and delicate taste.

The following varieties can also boast of beauty and taste: Skazochnaya, Krasnobokaya, Krasulya, Lada and Lyubimitsa Yakovleva.

Wild Moscow Duchess grows no more than 20 meters in height.

It has oval, rounded, slightly leathery leaves. The flowers reach 3.5 centimeters, white in color with pale pink petals.

Flowering occurs in May. It is an excellent honey plant. The fruits ripen closer to autumn.

Small-sized pears - from 150 grams, medium-sized - up to 400 grams. From one tree they take from 100 to 250 kilograms.

The life expectancy of the Moscow Duchess is 80 years. Repeat yield in two years. Propagated by seeds.

The Duchess Moscow pear grows in the Moscow region, the Caucasus, the European part of the Russian Federation, and Central Asia.

Garden Moscow Duchess reaches a height of 30 meters. Belongs to the Rosaceae family. It has snow-white flowers with a huge number of stamens.

Large pears, reaching more than 800 grams. The color is reddish with a soft yellow tint. Sugar accumulation in fruits is 16%.

When stored on bushes for a long time, the fruits do not lose their taste. Widely used in dried form. They are widely used in technological production.

The Duchess Winter pear originated from Belgium. Grows widely in Uzbekistan, Crimea and the North Caucasus. Quite demanding on climate and soil.

Fruits well on fertilized soils. Loves areas that are protected from bad weather and strong winds.

Duchess pear variety An old English summer pear variety with late-summer fruits. This variety is self-sterile and requires pollinators.

Other names for this variety are also known: Summer Williams, Williams, Williams Bon-Chrétien.

In terms of prevalence in Crimea, the Duchess Summer pear ranks third after Bere Bosc and Bere Ardanpont; below you will see a photo of the fruits of this variety and a full description of the characteristics.

Summer varieties also include: Carmen, Ilyinka, Kosmicheskaya, Limonka and Victoria.

Diseases and pests

The New Year variety has good immunity, but in the absence of prevention and proper agricultural technology, the tree can become a victim of insects or diseases. Detailed instructions for protecting the plant can be found in the articles selected below.

Dangerous Pear Pests

Pears often suffer from pests, they affect the leaves, bark and fruits.

In this article, we have selected 11 of the most harmful insects that harm pear trees, and also ways to destroy them.

Diseases of pear trees

To get what they cherish, gardeners have to work hard, and the reason for this is pear diseases.

Read about 19 common pear diseases and how to combat them.

Planting and caring for New Year's pear

Before you start planting a tree, you should choose the right place. It is preferable that the area be free of drafts and well lit by the sun. It is better to plant the New Year's pear on the south side. The depth of groundwater should not exceed 2 m.

Advice! The soil for New Year's pears should not be dense and clayey. The variety does not tolerate excess moisture.

The site for planting has been prepared since the fall. Even if planting will be carried out in the spring, the site should be prepared in advance. To do this, dig holes up to 50 cm deep and up to 1 m wide. Place a prepared soil mixture consisting of: superphosphate, humus, fertile soil on the bottom of the planting hole. All ingredients are mixed in equal proportions.

Attention! It is not recommended to feed the New Year's pear with nitrogen fertilizers during and after planting. Fruit trees are very sensitive to this type of fertilizer.

After preparing the planting hole, a strong support should be installed. To do this, take a tall wooden peg. The soil at the bottom of the planting hole is well loosened, small holes are made that will improve air exchange, which will stimulate the active growth of the tree root.

Landing rules

By following the correct agricultural techniques for planting New Year's pears, you can minimize the risk that the seedling will not take root.

Step by step guide:

1. Prepare the seedling. A small pruning of the roots and top of the young sprout is done. After this, the seedling is placed in water.
2. Wood ash is poured into the soil dug out of the hole and a little water is added.
3. The root of the plant is placed in the prepared mixture.
4. A dozen raw eggs are placed at the bottom of the planting hole, and a mixture of ash and earth is covered on top.
5. Place the seedling in the hole, leaving the root collar above ground level.
6. Fill the hole with heaped soil, compacting it well.
7. A dozen raw eggs are laid around the trunk and covered with earth.
8. The top of the cut is lubricated with a mixture of earth and wood ash.
9. Tie the seedling to a support.
10. Watering is carried out (20 liters of water).
11. Perform mulching with peat or sawdust.

Watering and fertilizing

After planting a young seedling, it is important to provide the plant with proper care.

Winter New Year's pear loves moisture, but not in excess. The best watering is rain. In case of prolonged absence of precipitation, watering is carried out manually.

Experienced gardeners recommend digging a ditch (10 cm wide) near the pear tree, where water is poured if necessary. Thus, the root system of the tree will absorb as much moisture as it needs.

In order for the New Year's pear to bear a good harvest, fertilizing is done as necessary. You can determine what a plant needs by the appearance of the tree:

• with a lack of nitrogen, the green mass develops poorly;
• Excess nitrogen is indicated by a long period of fruit ripening and low frost resistance;
• a lack of phosphorus can be determined by breaking off branches at the bottom of the tree;
• Potassium deficiency is characterized by changes in leaf color and drying out;
• calcium deficiency manifests itself as spots on the leaves and leads to early leaf fall.

Important! It is not recommended to feed the plant without special reasons. If the tree looks healthy, it has enough nutrients in the soil.

According to reviews from gardeners, the New Year pear variety should be fed closer to autumn. The seedling will withstand frost better, and the soil will be saturated with useful substances. It is worth noting that fertilizing is carried out after harvesting the fruits.

Trimming

Trees are pruned in autumn and spring. This event increases the quality and quantity of fruits. Regular pruning allows the green mass to receive more sunlight. Spring removal of shoots is a good prevention of diseases and pests.

To properly trim, you must follow the instructions:

1. Select garden tools according to the age of the plant. Young trees are pruned with pruning shears, mature trees with a hacksaw.
2. Shorten the main trunk by ¼ part, remove poorly developed and dead shoots.
3. Perform pruning at a temperature not lower than 5–7 degrees Celsius.
4. The cut areas are treated with a special composition: oil paint, drying oil, garden varnish or the “RanNet” preparation.

Whitewash

Whitewashing of New Year's pears is carried out annually in autumn and early spring. Autumn whitewashing helps to minimize the risk of damage to the main trunk and is a disease prevention. The trunk and main branches are subject to whitewashing.

To perform this activity use:

• lime powder – 2.5 kg;
• copper sulfate 0.5 kg;
• wood glue – 1 pack;
• any insecticide – 1 pack;
• water – 12 l.

All components are mixed and left for several hours until completely dissolved.

Trees are treated with the prepared composition, with a depth of 4–5 cm into the ground.

Preparing for winter

Main care measures: preventive pruning of old, damaged branches, whitewashing, fertilization.

Closer to winter, phosphorus-potassium fertilizers are applied under the trees and the area is cleared of weeds. It will be useful to add superphosphate and potassium sulfate to the soil. Such feeding will provide the pear with useful substances for the entire winter period.

Important! Fertilizers applied in the fall stimulate early flowering and abundant fruiting.

Don't forget about protection from rodents. Mice and hares can damage the bark of young trees. To avoid unpleasant consequences, the trunk is wrapped in burlap. Experienced gardeners recommend lubricating the tree bark with clay mixed with mullein and plain water. In this case, you can do without shelter.

Top 30 winter pears

So that gardeners can choose suitable late-ripening pear varieties for their garden, zoned for a particular region, 30 such fruit plants, which are the best late-ripening pear trees at the moment, will be described below.

Belarusian late

The height of trees of this variety is average, no more than 4 m. The crown is medium spreading, pyramidal. The branches are quite leafy. The foliage is oval-elongated, with sharp tips, slightly concave inward along the central vein, smooth and shiny. The color of the leaf blades is rich emerald.

Harvesting

As mentioned earlier, each winter pear variety has its own ripening period. However, do not forget about the climatic features of your region. To more accurately determine the harvest time specifically for your garden, you need to follow the rules developed by experience:

1. Wait until the fruit is easily separated from the branch.
2. Choose dry weather for harvesting.
3. Don’t worry if the pears are hard at the time of picking; they will definitely ripen if stored correctly.
4. Remove and place the fruits with gloves - even if you easily pierce the skin with your fingernail, the pears will not be stored.
5. Don't be afraid to be late with the harvest, there is no great danger in this.

The autumn warmth leaves gradually, so the fruits have the opportunity to harden, and this will increase their endurance during future storage.

In our gardening, winter pears are harvested last, when there are no other fruits. Because if you collect them earlier, the fruits will be stone-like and completely tasteless, even after storage. Somehow, neighbors picked late pears of an unknown variety in early September. We saved it until February, tried it, and gave it to the cow. Therefore, we are in no hurry to get ready, waiting for at least a faint blush to appear. The Emerald variety, for example, is harvested green, but there is still a faint hint of blush. Watch your late pears, and after a few years, you will know exactly when they are ripe.

Productivity

Winter pear varieties tend to produce the richest harvests. The lowest-yielding varieties can be called, for example, Nika and Lyra. Mature trees of these varieties, being at the peak of fruiting, produce up to 75 kg per plant. This is also a good result, but among the late varieties there are real record holders. For example, the total weight of fruits from one tree of the Bere winter Michurina and Saratovka varieties often exceeds 200 kg, and a tree of the Curet variety can produce 350 kilograms or more!

Winter group varieties are famous for the most abundant autumn harvests

How to save the harvest

To properly store pears, you need to be very careful when choosing containers. It is important to fulfill several main conditions that it will meet:

• the best container is wooden, lined with paper, fumigated with sulfur - this will protect the pears from the appearance of fungus and rot;
• the storage location must be well ventilated and not sealed;
• in a box, it is best to preserve two rows of pear stalks laid up, not touching each other, lined with dry grass or moss;
• the box should not contain more than 14–16 kg of fruit;
• It is better not to coexist fruits of different varieties and sizes in the same box;
• If fruits are stored in plastic bags, the pears are pre-cooled and the air is pumped out of the bags.

To preserve the harvest, it is necessary to be very careful in choosing the conditions for keeping the fruit.

Storage temperature and duration

It is safest to keep pears in a very cold room - from minus 1 to 0, with an optimal humidity of up to 95%. However, there are many late varieties that need at least 1–2 heat. And these features need to be understood more precisely.

Table: ideal storage conditions for some varieties

Usage

Late varieties of pears have firmer flesh and contain more tannins. Therefore, they are more suitable than other types for preparations. Therefore, in addition to fresh winter consumption, they are used in the form of:

• jam and compotes;
• jam and honey;
• guilt;
• marmalade and candied fruits.

Pear marmalade is a delicious treat with added sugar and gelatin.

In addition, pear, which has anti-inflammatory properties, is actively used both in folk medicine and in the manufacture of certain pharmaceutical drugs.

Video: what the harvest of late pear varieties looks like

Storage Features

Harvesting usually takes place from October 1 to October 10. Be sure to have dry, sunny weather when cleaning. But there are later varieties.

For example, the Bergamot variety ripens in mid-December. Some winter pear varieties tolerate frosts down to -38 right on the branches.

Whole, dense fruits are selected and placed in boxes, previously covered with paper. Store the pear in boxes at a temperature of 0, +1. Do not add more than 2 layers of fruit at once. Under such conditions, the fruits have the opportunity to ripen. The taste of such pears is more tart and rich.

When ripening, the color of the fruit changes to warmer, the blush becomes more noticeable. Ripe fruits become soft and need to be removed from the box. Otherwise they will overripe and begin to rot. While creating an environment for other fruits to rot.

Criteria by which you need to choose a winter pear variety:

• winter hardiness;
• resistance to frequent fruit diseases;
• attractive appearance and good taste of the fruit;
• early fruiting is the ability to get fruits already in the 3-5th year of a tree’s life;
• strong stalks, needed to hang firmly on the tree and withstand the wind;
• late flowering period, it is better if the tree blooms at a time when warm weather has reliably established.

You might like the article about the Ussurijskaya pear: //6sotok-dom.com/ogorod/frukty/grusha/sort-ussurijskaya.html

The main representatives of winter varieties for different regions

Winter pears for the south of Russia

The following late-ripening varieties are suitable for the south of Russia: Biryuzovaya, Conference, Nart, Kubanskaya late, Curé.

Winter pears for the Volgograd region

The following winter varieties are suitable for cultivation in the Volgograd region: Zimnyaya kubarednaya, Pamyati Korneeva, Yubileinaya Korneeva, Pozitivnaya, Seasonal.

Winter pears for the central region of Russia

The following winter varieties are suitable for this region: Belorusskaya late, Chudesnitsa, Hera.